FEMS microbiology reviews最新文献

Evolving Spectrum of Pneumocystis Host Specificity, Genetic Diversity, and Evolution.

IF 10.1 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaf006

Liang Ma, Christiane Weissenbacher-Lang, Alice Latinne, Spenser Babb-Biernacki, Barbara Blasi, Ousmane H Cissé, Joseph A Kovacs

{"title":"Evolving Spectrum of Pneumocystis Host Specificity, Genetic Diversity, and Evolution.","authors":"Liang Ma, Christiane Weissenbacher-Lang, Alice Latinne, Spenser Babb-Biernacki, Barbara Blasi, Ousmane H Cissé, Joseph A Kovacs","doi":"10.1093/femsre/fuaf006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femsre/fuaf006","url":null,"abstract":"Following over a century's worth of research, our understanding of Pneumocystis has significantly expanded in various facets, spanning from its fundamental biology to its impacts on animal and human health. Its significance in public health has been underscored by its inclusion in the 2022 WHO fungal priority pathogens list. We present this review to summarize pivotal advancements in Pneumocystis epidemiology in relation to its host specificity and evolution. Following a concise discussion of Pneumocystis species classification and divergence at the species and strain levels, we devoted the main focus to the following aspects: the epidemiological characteristics of Pneumocystis across nearly 300 mammal species, the increasing recognition of coinfection involving multiple Pneumocystis species in the same host species, the diminishing host specificity of Pneumocystis among closely related host species, and the intriguingly discordant evolution of certain Pneumocystis species with their host species. A comprehensive understanding of host specificity, genetic diversity and evolution of Pneumocystis can provide important insights into pathogenic mechanisms and transmission modes. This, in turn, holds the potential to facilitate the development of innovative strategies for the prevention and control of Pneumocystis infection.","PeriodicalId":12201,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbiology reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143457360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bile acids as germinants for Clostridioides difficile spores, evidence of adaptation to the gut?

IF 10.1 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaf005

Gianni Vinay, Jurgen Seppen, Peter Setlow, Stanley Brul

{"title":"Bile acids as germinants for Clostridioides difficile spores, evidence of adaptation to the gut?","authors":"Gianni Vinay, Jurgen Seppen, Peter Setlow, Stanley Brul","doi":"10.1093/femsre/fuaf005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femsre/fuaf005","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial spores formed upon metabolic stress have minimal metabolic activity and can remain dormant for years. Nevertheless, they can sense the environment and germinate quickly upon exposure to various germinants. Germinated spores can then outgrow into vegetative cells. Germination of spores of some anaerobes, especially Clostridioides difficile, is triggered by cholic acid and taurocholic acid. Elevated levels of these bile acids are thought to correlate with a perturbed gut microbiome, which cannot efficiently convert primary bile acids into secondary bile acids. That bile acids are germination-triggers suggests these bacteria have a life cycle taking place partially in the mammalian digestive tract where bile acids are plentiful; notably bile acids can be made by all vertebrates. Thus, spores survive in the environment until taken up by a host where they encounter an environment suitable for germination and then proliferate in the largely anaerobic large intestine; some ultimately sporulate there, regenerating environmentally resistant spores in the C. difficile life cycle. This review summarizes current literature on effects of bile acids and their metabolites on spore germination in the gut and evidence that adaptation to bile acids as germinants is a consequence of a life cycle both inside and outside the digestive tract.","PeriodicalId":12201,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbiology reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multidisciplinary methodologies used in the study of cable bacteria. 电缆细菌研究中使用的多学科方法。

IF 10.1 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuae030

Michaela M H Wawryk, Philip Ley, Diana Vasquez-Cardenas, Rico F Tabor, Perran L M Cook

引用次数: 0

Correction to: Biodiversity of microorganisms in the Baltic Sea: the power of novel methods in the identification of marine microbes.

IF 10.1 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaf002

引用次数: 0

Microbial functional diversity and redundancy: moving forward. 微生物功能多样性和冗余：向前发展。

IF 10.1 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuae031

Pierre Ramond, Pierre E Galand, Ramiro Logares

引用次数: 0

The impact of phenotypic heterogeneity on fungal pathogenicity and drug resistance. 表型异质性对真菌致病性和耐药性的影响。

IF 10.1 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaf001

Lukasz Kozubowski, Judith Berman

引用次数: 0

Where the microbes aren't. 微生物不存在的地方。

IF 10.1 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuae034

Charles S Cockell

引用次数: 0

Microbial adaptive pathogenicity strategies to the host inflammatory environment. 微生物对宿主炎症环境的适应性致病策略。

IF 10.1 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuae032

Sophia U J Hitzler, Candela Fernández-Fernández, Dolly E Montaño, Axel Dietschmann, Mark S Gresnigt

{"title":"Microbial adaptive pathogenicity strategies to the host inflammatory environment.","authors":"Sophia U J Hitzler, Candela Fernández-Fernández, Dolly E Montaño, Axel Dietschmann, Mark S Gresnigt","doi":"10.1093/femsre/fuae032","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsre/fuae032","url":null,"abstract":"Pathogenic microorganisms can infect a variety of niches in the human body. During infection, these microbes can only persist if they adapt adequately to the dynamic host environment and the stresses imposed by the immune system. While viruses entirely rely on host cells to replicate, bacteria and fungi use their pathogenicity mechanisms for the acquisition of essential nutrients that lie under host restriction. An inappropriate deployment of pathogenicity mechanisms will alert host defence mechanisms that aim to eradicate the pathogen. Thus, these adaptations require tight regulation to guarantee nutritional access without eliciting strong immune activation. To work efficiently, the immune system relies on a complex signalling network, involving a myriad of immune mediators, some of which are quite directly associated with imminent danger for the pathogen. To manipulate the host immune system, viruses have evolved cytokine receptors and viral cytokines. However, among bacteria and fungi, selected pathogens have evolved the capacity to use these inflammatory response-specific signals to regulate their pathogenicity. In this review, we explore how bacterial and fungal pathogens can sense the immune system and use adaptive pathogenicity strategies to evade and escape host defence to ensure their persistence in the host.","PeriodicalId":12201,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbiology reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11737513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142893312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extreme smells-microbial production of volatile organic compounds at the limits of life.

IF 10.1 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaf004

Miguel Ángel Salinas-García, Jonas Fernbach, Riikka Rinnan, Anders Priemé

引用次数: 0

Charting the microbial frontier: a comprehensive guidebook for advancing microbiome research. 绘制微生物前沿：推进微生物组研究的综合指南。

IF 10.1 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuae033

Hui Wu

引用次数: 0