FEMS microbiology reviews最新文献_第2页

Role of the LuxR solo, SdiA, in eavesdropping on foreign bacteria. LuxR独奏，SdiA，在窃听外来细菌中的作用。

IF 10.1 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaf015

Andrew Schwieters, Brian M M Ahmer

引用次数: 0

Vaginal Candida albicans infections: host-pathogen-microbiome interactions. 阴道白色念珠菌感染：宿主-病原体-微生物组相互作用。

IF 10.1 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaf013

Marisa Valentine, Duncan Wilson, Mark S Gresnigt, Bernhard Hube

{"title":"Vaginal Candida albicans infections: host-pathogen-microbiome interactions.","authors":"Marisa Valentine, Duncan Wilson, Mark S Gresnigt, Bernhard Hube","doi":"10.1093/femsre/fuaf013","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsre/fuaf013","url":null,"abstract":"Candida albicans is a fungus that colonizes the gut, oral, and vaginal mucosae of most humans without causing disease. However, under certain predisposing conditions this fungus can cause disease. Candida albicans has several factors and attributes that facilitate its commensal and pathogenic lifestyles including the transition from a yeast to a hyphal morphology, which is accompanied by the expression of virulence factors. These factors are central in candidiasis that can range from invasive to superficial. This review focuses on one example of a superficial disease, i.e. vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) that affects ~75% of women at least once with some experiencing four or more symptomatic infections per year (RVVC). During VVC, fungal factors trigger inflammation, which is maintained by a dysregulated innate immune response. This in turn leads to immunopathology and symptoms. Another unique characteristic of the vaginal niche, is its Lactobacillus-dominated microbiota with low species diversity that is believed to antagonize C. albicans pathogenicity. The importance of the interactions between C. albicans, the host, and vaginal microbiota during commensalism and (R)VVC is discussed in this review, which also addresses the application of this knowledge to identify novel treatment strategies and to study vaginal C. albicans infections.","PeriodicalId":12201,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbiology reviews","volume":"49 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12071381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144063155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evolving spectrum of Pneumocystis host specificity, genetic diversity, and evolution. 肺囊虫宿主特异性、遗传多样性和进化的进化谱。

IF 10.1 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaf006

Liang Ma, Christiane Weissenbacher-Lang, Alice Latinne, Spenser Babb-Biernacki, Barbara Blasi, Ousmane H Cissé, Joseph A Kovacs

{"title":"Evolving spectrum of Pneumocystis host specificity, genetic diversity, and evolution.","authors":"Liang Ma, Christiane Weissenbacher-Lang, Alice Latinne, Spenser Babb-Biernacki, Barbara Blasi, Ousmane H Cissé, Joseph A Kovacs","doi":"10.1093/femsre/fuaf006","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsre/fuaf006","url":null,"abstract":"Following over a century's worth of research, our understanding of Pneumocystis has significantly expanded in various facets, spanning from its fundamental biology to its impacts on animal and human health. Its significance in public health has been underscored by its inclusion in the 2022 WHO fungal priority pathogens list. We present this review to summarize pivotal advancements in Pneumocystis epidemiology, host specificity, genetic diversity and evolution. Following a concise discussion of Pneumocystis species classification and divergence at the species and strain levels, we devoted the main focus to the following aspects: the epidemiological characteristics of Pneumocystis across nearly 260 mammal species, the increasing recognition of coinfection involving multiple Pneumocystis species in the same host species, the diminishing host specificity of Pneumocystis among closely related host species, and the intriguingly discordant evolution of certain Pneumocystis species with their host species. A comprehensive understanding of host specificity, genetic diversity, and evolution of Pneumocystis can provide important insights into pathogenic mechanisms and transmission modes. This, in turn, holds the potential to facilitate the development of innovative strategies for the prevention and control of Pneumocystis infection.","PeriodicalId":12201,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbiology reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11916894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143457360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insight into the environmental cues modulating the expression of bacterial toxin-antitoxin systems. 洞察环境线索调节细菌毒素-抗毒素系统的表达。

IF 10.1 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaf007

Emeline Ostyn, Yoann Augagneur, Marie-Laure Pinel-Marie

{"title":"Insight into the environmental cues modulating the expression of bacterial toxin-antitoxin systems.","authors":"Emeline Ostyn, Yoann Augagneur, Marie-Laure Pinel-Marie","doi":"10.1093/femsre/fuaf007","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsre/fuaf007","url":null,"abstract":"Bacteria require sophisticated sensing mechanisms to adjust their metabolism in response to stressful conditions and survive in hostile environments. Among them, toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems play a crucial role in bacterial adaptation to environmental challenges. TA systems are considered as stress-responsive elements, consisting of both toxin and antitoxin genes, typically organized in operons or encoded on complementary DNA strands. A decrease in the antitoxin-toxin ratio, often triggered by specific stress conditions, leads to toxin excess, disrupting essential cellular processes and inhibiting bacterial growth. These systems are categorized into eight types based on the nature of the antitoxin (RNA or protein) and the mode of action of toxin inhibition. While the well-established biological roles of TA systems include phage inhibition and the maintenance of genetic elements, the environmental cues regulating their expression remain insufficiently documented. In this review, we highlight the diversity and complexity of the environmental cues influencing TA systems expression. A comprehensive understanding of how these genetic modules are regulated could provide deeper insights into their functions and support the development of innovative antimicrobial strategies.","PeriodicalId":12201,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbiology reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a model bacterium in antiphage defense research. 铜绿假单胞菌作为抗噬菌体防御研究的模式细菌。

IF 10.1 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaf014

Hee-Won Bae, Shin-Yae Choi, Hyeong-Jun Ki, You-Hee Cho

{"title":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a model bacterium in antiphage defense research.","authors":"Hee-Won Bae, Shin-Yae Choi, Hyeong-Jun Ki, You-Hee Cho","doi":"10.1093/femsre/fuaf014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femsre/fuaf014","url":null,"abstract":"Bacteriophages, or phages, depend on their bacterial hosts for proliferation, leading to a coevolutionary relationship characterized by on-going arms races, where bacteria evolve diverse antiphage defense systems. The development of in silico methods and high-throughput screening techniques has dramatically expanded our understanding of bacterial antiphage defense systems, enormously increasing the known repertoire of the distinct mechanisms across various bacterial species. These advances have revealed that bacterial antiphage defense systems exhibit a remarkable level of complexity, ranging from highly conserved to specialized mechanisms, underscoring the intricate nature of bacterial antiphage defense systems. In this review, we provide a concise snapshot of antiphage defense research highlighting two preponderantly commandeered approaches and classification of the known antiphage defense systems. A special focus is placed on the model bacterial pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in antiphage defense research. We explore the complexity and adaptability of these systems, which play crucial roles in genome evolution and adaptation of P. aeruginosa in response to an arsenal of diverse phage strains, emphasizing the importance of this organism as a key emerging model bacterium in recent antiphage defense research.","PeriodicalId":12201,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbiology reviews","volume":"49 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12035536/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143994516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ambrosia gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and their microbial symbionts as a neglected model of fungus-farming evolution. 瘿蚊（双翅目：瘿蚊科）及其微生物共生体作为一种被忽视的真菌养殖进化模式。

IF 10.1 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaf010

Petr Pyszko, Hana Šigutová, Jan Ševčík, Michaela Drgová, Denisa Hařovská, Pavel Drozd

{"title":"Ambrosia gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and their microbial symbionts as a neglected model of fungus-farming evolution.","authors":"Petr Pyszko, Hana Šigutová, Jan Ševčík, Michaela Drgová, Denisa Hařovská, Pavel Drozd","doi":"10.1093/femsre/fuaf010","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsre/fuaf010","url":null,"abstract":"Ambrosia gall midges (AGMs) represent an intriguing group within the Cecidomyiidae, one of the most diversified dipteran families. AGMs form galls on plants, where they cultivate and consume fungal symbionts (phytomycetophagy). This mutualistic relationship may play a critical role in larval nutrition, gall morphogenesis, and protection against natural enemies. Although most other fungus-farming taxa have been intensively studied, AGMs have largely been neglected. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the diversity, biology, and ecological interactions of AGM, highlighting the intricate relationships with their fungal symbionts. The implications for adaptive radiation and speciation are critically considered, including how fungal associations may have facilitated ecological flexibility and diversification. We also tackle the processes of coevolution, not only between AGM and their fungal symbionts but also involving plants and parasitoids. We identify the most pressing issues and discrepancies in the current understanding the AGM-fungi interactions. Key areas of future research should include elucidating fungal acquisition and transmission mechanisms, determining the specificity and diversity of AGM-associated fungal communities, understanding the evolutionary pathways leading to phytomycetophagy, and addressing taxonomic challenges within the AGM group, where species identification has been complicated by reliance on gall morphology and host specificity.","PeriodicalId":12201,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbiology reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11997659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microbial functional diversity and redundancy: moving forward. 微生物功能多样性和冗余：向前发展。

IF 10.1 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuae031

Pierre Ramond, Pierre E Galand, Ramiro Logares

引用次数: 0

The impact of phenotypic heterogeneity on fungal pathogenicity and drug resistance. 表型异质性对真菌致病性和耐药性的影响。

IF 10.1 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaf001

Lukasz Kozubowski, Judith Berman

引用次数: 0

Where the microbes aren't. 微生物不存在的地方。

IF 10.1 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuae034

Charles S Cockell

引用次数: 0

Genetic variability, genotyping, and genomics of Mycobacterium leprae. 麻风分枝杆菌的遗传变异、基因分型和基因组学。

IF 10.1 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaf012

Afzal Ansari, Roopendra Kumar, Suman Kumar Ray, Aarti Patel, Purna Dwivedi, Arup Ghosh, Edson Machado, Philip N Suffys, Pushpendra Singh

{"title":"Genetic variability, genotyping, and genomics of Mycobacterium leprae.","authors":"Afzal Ansari, Roopendra Kumar, Suman Kumar Ray, Aarti Patel, Purna Dwivedi, Arup Ghosh, Edson Machado, Philip N Suffys, Pushpendra Singh","doi":"10.1093/femsre/fuaf012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femsre/fuaf012","url":null,"abstract":"Leprosy, caused by Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis, remains a significant global health issue despite a tremendous decline in its worldwide prevalence in the last four decades. Mycobacterium leprae strains possess very limited genetic variability, making it difficult to distinguish them using traditional genotyping tools. Successful genome sequencing of a considerable number of M. leprae strains in the recent past has allowed development of improved genotyping tools for the molecular epidemiology of leprosy. Comparative genomics has identified distinct M. leprae genotypes and revealed their characteristic genomic markers. This review summarizes the progress made in M. leprae genomics, with special emphasis on the development of genotyping schemes. Further, an updated genotyping scheme is introduced that also includes the newly reported genotypes 1B_Bangladesh, 1D_Malagasy, 3K-0/3K-1, 3Q and 4N/O. Additionally, genotype-specific markers (single nucleotide polymorphisms, Insertion/Deletion) have been incorporated into the typing scheme for the first time to enable differentiation of closely related strains. This will be particularly useful for geographic regions where M. leprae strains characterized by a small number of genotypes are predominant. The detailed compilation of genomic markers will also enable accurate identification of M. leprae genotypes, using targeted analysis of variable regions. Such markers are good candidates for developing artificial intelligence-based algorithms for classifying M. leprae genomic datasets.","PeriodicalId":12201,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbiology reviews","volume":"49 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12035532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0