Fitoterapia最新文献

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory mechanism of Achyranthes longifolia extract and its component chikusetsusaponin IVa by modulating Nrf2/NF-κB pathways in vitro and in vivo","authors":"Qiongli Zeng ,&nbsp;Weiting Xiao ,&nbsp;Heng Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Liu ,&nbsp;Xionglong Wang ,&nbsp;Zhen Li ,&nbsp;Yue Han ,&nbsp;Zhi Wang ,&nbsp;Qian Yan ,&nbsp;Qidi Ai ,&nbsp;Jinwei Yang ,&nbsp;Shunxiang Li ,&nbsp;Wen Ouyang","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106593","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to explore the anti-pharyngitis mechanisms of <em>Achyranthes longifolia</em> (Makino) Makino. extract (ALE) and the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of its major bioactive component, chikusetsusaponin IVa (CIVa). To this end, the present study established an ammonia-induced acute pharyngitis rat model to assess the therapeutic efficacy of ALE and a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells model to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of CIVa. Pharyngeal severity was evaluated using appearance index and HE staining, while ELISA was employed to quantify inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, PGE2, and IL-6. Additionally, the levels of SOD, CAT, and MDA were measured to assess antioxidant status. Western blot was conducted to analyze the expression of proteins associated with the Nrf2/NF-κB pathways. The findings indicate that ALE provides protection in the ammonia-induced acute pharyngitis rat model, as evidenced by reduced pharyngeal redness, swelling, and improved histopathological changes. CIVa, the primary constituent of ALE, demonstrates anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells by inhibiting NO production and reducing the levels of inflammatory cytokines in a dose-dependent manner. The underlying mechanism appears to involve the inhibition of the NF-κB pathway, activation of the Nrf2 pathway, modulation of oxidative stress, and reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokine release. These results position ALE and CIVa as promising alternative therapeutic agents for the management of acute pharyngitis and potentially other inflammatory disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106593"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in Sprague–Dawley rats by the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signalling pathway","authors":"Yiheng Quan ,&nbsp;Fanfan Jia ,&nbsp;Hao Hao ,&nbsp;Yuhao Nie ,&nbsp;Dingqiao Xu ,&nbsp;Sirui Kang ,&nbsp;Mingke Feng ,&nbsp;Chen Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common complication of type II diabetes. <em>Rehmannia glutinosa</em> (RG) is a traditional Chinese herb widely used in the treatment of diabetes and its complications; however, its pharmacological mechanism of action is incomplete. This study analysed the chemical composition of RG water extract (RGW) and RG ethanol extract (RGE) using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and evaluated the in vitro activity. Moreover, a Sprague–Dawley rat model of DN was constructed using a high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin, followed by treatment of DN rats with RGW (250 and 500 mg/kg body weight) and observation of treatment effects. Water extraction of RG was efficient and had high total flavonoid and total polysaccharide contents. We identified 60 and 62 compounds from RGW and RGE, respectively, with RGW having the highest catalpol content. The combined antioxidant capacity of RGW was stronger than that of RGE, and the in vitro inhibitory activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase were relatively high. RGW treatment resulted in reduced food intake, water intake, and blood glucose levels in DN rats. Furthermore, RGW improved blood lipid levels, improved kidney and hepatic function and antioxidant capacity, reduced inflammatory factor levels in DN rats, and improved pathological damage to the kidneys. The mRNA and protein expression levels of toll-like receptor 4, myeloid differentiation factor 88, and nuclear factor-κB p65 were all decreased. These results indicate that RG may be a potential therapeutic agent for improving DN, and its mechanism of action has been further clarified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106595"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of cytotoxic effects of capillene and 2,4-pentadiynylbenzene isolated from Artemisia campestris subsp. variabilis (Ten.) Greuter essential oil and identified by NMR studies","authors":"Natale Badalamenti ,&nbsp;Francesco Sgadari ,&nbsp;Rosario Schicchi ,&nbsp;Alessandro Crisafulli ,&nbsp;Alessandro Vaglica ,&nbsp;Maurizio Bruno ,&nbsp;Filippo Maggi ,&nbsp;Luana Quassinti ,&nbsp;Massimo Bramucci","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Artemisia</em> is a vast genus of the Asteraceae family, comprising around five-hundred species, that has a large distribution in Europe, America, Asia, and Australia. Species of this genus have been reported to have several ethnopharmacological activities, and some of them are also largely used as food and spices. <em>Artemisia campestris</em> subsp. <em>variabilis</em> (Ten.) Greuter is a quite rare species endemic to Sicily, Sardinia, and Southern Italy. Seeking to delve deeper into the phytochemistry and pharmacological aspects of this species, in this work we investigated the essential oil (EO) obtained from the aerial parts of Sicilian accessions, hitherto unexplored, growing wild near Messina, Italy. The chemical composition of the EO, obtained by hydro-distillation method, was evaluated by GC and GC–MS. The most abundant constituent was capillene (36.45 %), principal representative of the alkynes class (50.69 %). However similar amount of hydrocarbon monoterpenes was identified (49.18 %), with <em>β</em>-pinene present at 35.31 %. The two alkyne compounds were confirmed by isolation and ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectroscopic characterization. The EO and its main constituents have been tested for possible cytotoxic activity against three human tumor cell lines (A375, MDA-MB 231, and CaCo2) and a human non-tumor cell line (HEK293) using the MTT assay. The EO showed remarkable cytotoxic activity against all cell lines tested with IC₅₀ values ranging between 7.55 μg/mL and 23.05 μg/mL. 2,4-Pentadiynylbenzene exhibited potent cytotoxic activity with IC₅₀ values ranging between 0.25 and 0.45 μg/mL for HEK293 and CaCo2 cells, respectively, while capillene showed very similar IC₅₀ values ranging between 0.14 and 0.52 μg/mL for A375 and CaCo2 cells, respectively. The results demonstrated a remarkable cytotoxic activity against human tumor cell lines and suggest that <em>A. campestris</em> subsp. <em>variabilis</em> EO and could be regarded as a natural bioactive source and, in the future, further analyses could clarify the mechanism of action of the EO and its main constituents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 106598"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial-guided metabolomic analysis of essential oil derived from the Aotearoa New Zealand endemic plant Kunzea robusta (Kānuka)","authors":"Tia H. Haira ,&nbsp;Robyn J. Ooi ,&nbsp;Ruth A. Pay ,&nbsp;Bella Paenga ,&nbsp;Manu Caddie ,&nbsp;Damian Skinner ,&nbsp;Nikki Harcourt ,&nbsp;Michael Jackson ,&nbsp;Robert A. Keyzers ,&nbsp;Andrew B. Munkacsi","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106592","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106592","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional medicine has been the source of many modern drugs. To explore the pharmaceutical potential of extracts from a taonga (treasured Indigenous plant) species, we obtained an unbiased GC–MS profile of 84 compounds from 99 samples of kānuka oil collected from five land blocks across two seasons. Multivariate analysis correlated the compound profiles with antifungal, antibacterial, and anti-acne activities as determined via growth inhibition of <em>Candida albicans</em>, methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA), and <em>Propionibacterium acnes</em>, respectively. The kānuka oil samples had the greatest activity against <em>P. acnes</em>. Samples collected during spring were more associated with antifungal activity, while samples collected during autumn were more associated with anti-MRSA and anti-acne activities. While α-pinene was the most abundant compound, partial least squares regression analysis identified other lead compounds for antifungal activity (α-muurolene, isoamyl isovalerate, and 4-carene) as well as a common set of lead compounds for anti-MRSA and anti-acne activity that included limonene and nerolidol. An unidentified compound was particularly interesting as it was the only compound to positively correlate to all three bioactivities. The results from this study provide molecular insight into specific compounds in kānuka oil that can be further explored for pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106592"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The modulatory effects of persimmon leaf extract on sleep-related neurotransmitters and its potential hypnotic effects","authors":"Hui Yu ,&nbsp;Xian Zhou ,&nbsp;Qin Ru ,&nbsp;Anu Antony ,&nbsp;Morven Cameron ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Isabella Pregardier Klann ,&nbsp;Haibiao Guo ,&nbsp;Juan Lin ,&nbsp;Deqing Wang ,&nbsp;Dennis Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Persimmon leaf is a traditional herbal medicine with diverse therapeutic applications. This study aimed to explore the effect of persimmon leaf extract (PLE) on the modulation of neurotransmitters involved in sleep regulation and its overall impact on sleep latency and duration.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The key components of PLE were identified by ultra performance liquid chromatography. The modulatory effects of PLE in sleep and wakefulness-related neurotransmitters were studied in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. PLE was also investigated in pentobarbital sodium-induced sleep and para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA)-induced insomnia models in mice and rats.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PLE induced chloride influx and increased the intracellular production of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter crucial for sleep regulation, in SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, PLE influenced the cellular expressions of serotonin, dopamine, and adenosine. It increased monoamine oxidase enzyme-A activity and reduced serotonin levels and its metabolites. It induced dopamine biosynthesis and degradation pathways. In the pentobarbital-induced sleep experiment, PLE significantly prolonged total sleep duration and reduced sleep latency in a dose-dependent manner. In the PCPA-induced insomnia model, PLE consistently increased GABA production, and lowered dopamine expression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PLE exhibited modulatory effects on sleep-related neurotransmitters <em>in vitro,</em> which may also contribute to its hypnotic effects by extending the sleep duration and shortening sleeping latency <em>in vivo</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 106576"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review of the phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and green nanotechnological significance of Boerhavia diffusa Linn.","authors":"Neeraj Patel, Riya Mishra, Devyani Rajput, Aditi Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A comprehensive study of Boerhavia diffusa Linn., an important medicinal herb in India's Ayurvedic tradition known as Punarnava. The herb, which thrives in tropical and subtropical areas, has long been prized for its amazing medicinal powers. A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Springer, and Elsevier with the search term \"Boerhavia diffusa\" phytochemical makeup comprises alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolics, and saponins, all of which contribute to its various pharmacological properties. These chemicals have a variety of biological actions, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, and antibacterial effects. Boerhavia diffusa has long been used to treat illnesses such as liver disease, arthritis, asthma, and kidney problems. The paper goes into the pharmacokinetic problems of Boerhavia diffusa's bioactive chemicals, including their low bioavailability. It demonstrates the growing interest in using green nanotechnology to improve the transport and efficacy of these substances. Environmentally friendly nanocarriers are being created to transport Boerhavia diffusa chemicals more efficiently, especially in cancer therapies, wound healing, and antibacterial treatments. These nanocarriers improve targeted medication delivery, reduce toxicity, and increase bioavailability, resulting in a sustainable and friendly solution. Combining green nanotechnology with Boerhavia diffusa opens up new possibilities for modern medical applications, providing a more efficient, safe, and environmentally responsible solution. This review emphasizes Boerhavia diffusa's enormous potential as both a traditional medicine and a component of modern therapeutic breakthroughs, integrating millennia of Indigenous knowledge with cutting-edge scientific advances.</p>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":" ","pages":"106599"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143960532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leontopodium species: Phytochemistry, biosynthesis, synthesis, pharmacology, and synthetic advancement","authors":"Nguyen Thi Hanh ,&nbsp;Nguyen Manh Ha ,&nbsp;Chu Anh Van ,&nbsp;Ty Viet Pham ,&nbsp;Ninh The Son","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Leontopodium</em> (the daisy family) is a well-known genus containing medicinal plants for potent antioxidant and skin protection. An overview of its several aspects is not available. The current study aims to offer the state-of-the-art of its phytochemistry, biosynthesis, synthesis, pharmacology, and synthetic advancement. The search for English references has relied on several main electronic sources: PubMed and Web of Science. The “SCI-Finder” was used to confirm chemical structures. The best keyword, “<em>Leontopodium</em>”, was frequently used in finding literature. Data collection was performed from the 1970s to the present. A diverse structural phytochemicals (179 compounds) were recorded, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, terpenoids, phthalides, lignans, and coumarins. <em>Leontopodium</em> constituents are essential for anti-inflammation, antioxidant, and living organ protection. The biosynthesis and synthesis of several metabolites were successfully proposed. Leolignin has played a great role in pharmacological evaluations, while its synthetic products has shown cardioprotective and farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonistic enhancements. Technological advancements in the isolation and new synthetic production are expected. Although several clinical studies have been conducted, more and more trials are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 106584"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nathmorinones A and B, two naphthyl cyclothiomorphone from Amycolatopsis sp. YINM00005","authors":"Tian-Peng Xie ,&nbsp;Zhen Ren ,&nbsp;Zhou-Tianle Zhang ,&nbsp;Fei Xie ,&nbsp;Dan-Dan Xia ,&nbsp;Yu-Hong Gao ,&nbsp;Min Yin ,&nbsp;Hao Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhong-Tao Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atypical actinomycetes have long been esteemed as a precious microbial resource, renowned for their capability to produce an extensive array of bioactive natural products. Two polycyclic naphthyl cyclothiomorphone, nathmorinones A (<strong>1</strong>) and B (<strong>2</strong>), were isolated from <em>Amycolatopsis</em> sp. YINM00005 associated with <em>Peperomia dindygulensis</em> Miq. Their structures, featuring a tricyclic framework with a naphthalene ring and a thiomorphine scaffold, were elucidated through extensive analysis of NMR spectra, HRESIMS data, and further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments. Compound <strong>2</strong> exhibited moderate cytotoxic activities against SMMC-7721 and SW480 with IC₅₀ values of 13.65 ± 0.30 and 17.82 ± 0.30 μM, respectively. Hypothetical biosynthetic pathways for <strong>1</strong> and <strong>2</strong> were proposed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 106574"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isoflavones and lignans with anti-inflammatory activity from Thalictrum baicalense Turcz.","authors":"Jinyuan Yang,&nbsp;Zhaojing Chen,&nbsp;Yikun Ren,&nbsp;Chunlei Yuan,&nbsp;Senhua Hu,&nbsp;Yiyang Liu,&nbsp;Dahong Li,&nbsp;Huiming Hua","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106587","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106587","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phytochemical investigation of <em>Thalictrum baicalense</em> Turcz. roots, traditionally used for inflammatory conditions, led to the isolation of three novel isoflavones, thalibaicalins A-C (<strong>1</strong>–<strong>3</strong>), and a new lignan, (7<em>R</em>, 8<em>S</em>, 7′<em>R</em>, 8′<em>S</em>)-9<em>E</em>-feruloylneoolivill (<strong>6</strong>), alongside six known compounds (<strong>4</strong>–<strong>5</strong>, <strong>7</strong>–<strong>10</strong>). Structural characterization was accomplished by HRESIMS, comprehensive NMR analysis, and quantum chemical calculations. Anti-inflammatory evaluation in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages identified potent NO inhibitors, with lignan <strong>6</strong> exhibiting the highest activity (IC₅₀ = 9.56 ± 2.03 μM). This study expands the phytochemical diversity of <em>T. baicalense</em> Turcz. and highlights its potential as a source of anti-inflammatory lead compounds, particularly the highly active lignan derivative.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 106587"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triterpenoids with inhibitory effects on lipid accumulation from Ganoderma lucidum","authors":"Lu Chai ,&nbsp;Xiao-Cui Liu ,&nbsp;Zhou-Wei Wu ,&nbsp;Yi Luo ,&nbsp;Xin-Yu Tao ,&nbsp;Xing-Rong Peng ,&nbsp;Ming-Hua Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Eight undescribed lanostane-type triterpenes (<strong>1</strong>–<strong>8</strong>) and twenty-seven known analogues (<strong>9</strong>–<strong>35</strong>) were isolated from the fruiting bodies of cultivated <em>Ganoderma lucidum</em>. The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated using a combination of spectroscopic techniques. Ganosinenic acid D (<strong>1</strong>) and ganosinenic acid E (<strong>2</strong>) were identified as rare pentacyclic triterpenoids with an unusual four-membered carbon ring motif. The inhibitory effects of all compounds on lipid accumulation were evaluated in oleic acid (OA)-induced HepG2 cells. Among the tested compounds, ganolucidic acid G (<strong>7</strong>), lucidenic acid N (<strong>9</strong>), methyl lucidenate M (<strong>29</strong>) showed moderate inhibitory effects. Furthermore, lucidenic acid N inhibited lipid accumulation in a dose-dependent manner. The structure-activity relationship analysis revealed enhanced efficacy in side chain-degraded C₂₇ nor-triterpenoids compared to C₂₄ and C₃₀ analogs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106585"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143941882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}