Fitoterapia最新文献

{"title":"Antimicrobial potential of the leaves of Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck collected from Iraq: Bioassay-guided isolation of sinensetin as the anti-MRSA compound.","authors":"Shaymaa Al-Majmaie, Lutfun Nahar, M Mukhlesur Rahman, George P Sharples, Satyajit D Sarker","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infections caused by antibiotic-drug-resistant microorganisms are a major global health concern, and they result in millions of deaths every year. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of such drug-resistant microbial strains, and new and effective antimicrobial agents are desperately needed to combat infections caused by MRSA. In the search for effective anti-MRSA agents, the leaves of Citrus grandis (Rutaceae), also known as C. maxima, were investigated. Implementing a bioassay-guided approach, sinensetin (2), which is a polymethoxyflavone, was isolated as a promising anti-MRSA compound, showing inhibitory activity against three (EMRSA-15, MRSA340802 and MRSA274819; MIC values 128-256 μg/mL) of five MRSA strains tested in the present study. Five other flavonoids 6,7,8,3',4'-pentamethoxyflavone (1), cirsilineol (3), nobiletin (4), 5-desmethylsinensetin (5) and hesperidin (6) were isolated from the dichloromethane extract of this plant. They displayed varied levels of antimicrobial activities against the tested microbial strains, Micrococcus luteus NCTC 7508, Escherichia coli NCTC 12241 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCTC 12903, and a fungal strain, Candida albicans ATCC 90028, but not against Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 12981. Sinensetin (2) also exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against the fungal strain C. albicans with an MIC value of 0.0625 mg/mL. The chemical structures of all isolated compounds were unequivocally elucidated by spectroscopic means (1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESIMS). The present study revealed sinensetin (2) as a potential structural template for generating structural analogues and developing anti-MRSA agents and provided scientific evidence supporting the traditional uses of C. grandis in the treatment of microbial infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"181 ","pages":"106393"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143002831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three new diterpenes from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza and their cytotoxicity.","authors":"Yi-Fan Xia, Jin-Hui Zheng, Yan-Song Li, Ping Yu, Zhe Liu, Jie Zhou, Lei Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two undescribed oxazole-containing diterpenoids (1-2) and a new diterpenoid (3) were isolated from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Their structures were elucidated by extensive HRESIMS and NMR spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute configurations of 1 and 3 were confirmed by comparison of the calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Compound 1 represents the first example of an abietane diterpenoid with a benzo[d]oxazole unit fused in the ring B of the abietane skeleton. The cytotoxicity of 1-3 was evaluated against four human tumor cell lines (A549, MCF-7, HepG2, and PC-3), and 1-2 showed weak cytotoxic activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":" ","pages":"106392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142983159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization, physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity and hypolipidemic activities of a polysaccharides from Lachnum YM40.","authors":"Dong Liu, Yaling He, Xinmiao Zhang, Ziyang Ye, Ming Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>LEP-1a, a new polysaccharide fraction isolated and purified from Lachnum YM40, has a molecular weight of 24.29 kDa. LEP-1a's chemical composition investigation showed that mannose, galactose, and glucose made up the majority of its cosmetics. The methylation, nuclear magnetic resonance, and Fourier transform infrared investigations demonstrated that the (1 → 2)-β-D-Galp, (1 → 2,6)-α-D-Manp, glycosidic connections of LEP-1a were comprised of 1→)-α-D-Manp, (1 → 4)-α-D-Galp, (1 → 6)-α-D-Manp, (1 → 2)-β-D-Glcp, (1 → 4)-β-D-Glcp, (1 → 2)-α-D-Manp, and (1 → 3, 6)-β-D-Manp. LEP-1a has a linear microscopic morphology, as demonstrated by atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and rheological property investigation. Moreover, the polysaccharide LEP-1a displayed bile acid- and cholesterol-binding capacities and inhibitory activity on lipase.</p>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":" ","pages":"106390"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142978046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specnuezhenide: Comprehensive review of pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and ethnomedicinal uses.","authors":"Guo-Sen He, Ji-Kai Xia, Qi-Hu Li, Yan Zheng, Chun-Ru Shi, Run Li, Quan Hong, Xiang-Mei Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Specnuezhenide (SPN) is a bioactive iridoid terpenoid compound mainly found in Ligustri Lucidi Fructus (LLF), that has a broad spectrum of pharmacological effects, including anti-neoplastic, hepatoprotective, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, immune-modulatory properties.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The present review provides a comprehensive summary of natural medicinal plants, traditional Chinese medicine compounds containing SPN, and their corresponding pharmacological mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using several globally recognized databases such as Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley, ACS, Springer, and CNKI until December 2024, A comprehensive literature search and analysis was carried out with the keywords \"Specnuezhenide\", \" Pharmacology \", \"Pharmacokinetics\" and \" Chinese herbal compound\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that SPN is present in a diverse range of plants, including LLF, Osmanthus fragrans seeds and Naked barley. SPN plays an anti-inflammatory role by regulating the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, down-regulating the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and other cytokines. Furthermore, many Chinese herbal compounds have been found to contain SPN, such as treatment of spleen and kidney deficiency of compound Shenhua tablet, treatment of liver-kidney Yin deficiency of Er Zhi Wan, treatment of pulmonray abscess of Qidongning and treatment of stagnation of QI due to depression of the liver of Shuganzhi Tablet. SPN is primarily distributed in the stomach, intestine, and liver. However, due to its limited absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and low blood concentration, its bioavailability is significantly reduced.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Thereby, SPN holds immense potential in the prevention and treatment of liver, lung and kidney complications. This review intends to provide a novel insight for further development of SPN, hoping to reveal the potential of SPN and necessity of further studies in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":" ","pages":"106389"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142978079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network pharmacology prediction and molecular docking-based strategy to explore the potential mechanism of Ginseng-Schisandra Chinensis decoction against asthma.","authors":"Ting Zhou, Qingqing Li, Kaiyue Zhang, Meng Zhang, Hui Li, Wei Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ginseng-Schisandra chinensis (GSC) decoction has shown good efficacy in the treatment of asthma (AS), but its t mechanism in the treatment of asthma is still not fully understood.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to elucidate the therapeutic mechanism of GSC for AS by identifying the active components of GSC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The chemical composition of GSC was analyzed using UHPLC-MS/MS. The network pharmacology method combined with TCMSP and GeneCards database was used to identify potential targets and enriched pathways related to AS treatment. Use AutoDock for molecular docking to evaluate the binding affinity of active ingredients to core targets. Finally, the LPS-induced A549 cell inflammation model was used to evaluate the effect of GSC on the release of inflammatory cytokines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The main components in GSC, including ginsenosides (Rf, Rd, Rg2, Ro, Rg5, Rh1) and lignans (schisandrin A, B, schisandrol A, B, schisandrin ester A) were identified. Network analysis revealed 139 intersection targets and highlighted STAT3, TNF, EGFR, IL1B, and AKT1 as key targets, with the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway as the main pathway. Experimental results showed that GSC significantly reduced the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in LPS-induced A549 cells (p < 0.01), indicating its powerful anti-inflammatory effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GSC plays a role in treating asthma by targeting STAT3, TNF, IL-1β and AKT1, regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and inhibiting the release of inflammatory cytokines. These findings provide a basis for the clinical application of GSC.</p>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":" ","pages":"106388"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142970296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diterpenoid alkaloids from the roots of Aconitum bulbilliferum.","authors":"Yan-Yan Luo, Jin-Bu Xu, Shuai Huang, Xian-Li Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The phytochemistry study of Aconitum bulbilliferum Hand.-Mazz. is firstly reported. Two C₂₀-diterpenoid alkaloids, named bulbilliferines A and B (1 and 2), three C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloids, bulbillifedines A-C (3-5), and twenty known compounds (6-25) were isolated from the roots of A. bulbilliferum. The structures of these compounds were determined by the comprehensive spectroscopic analyses (HRESIMS, IR, 1D and 2D NMR). Among them, bulbilliferine A (1) is a denudatine-type diterpenoid alkaloid bearing a 16, 17-epoxy group. At a nontoxic dose of 10 mg/kg, 14-O-anisoylchasmanine (14) hydrochloride and austroconitine B (17) hydrochloride respectively exhibited the excellent analgesic effects with 83.6 % and 83.1 % inhibitions against acetic acid-induced writhing of mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":" ","pages":"106387"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Litchi flower essential oil (LFEO) restores intestinal health in lipid disorder Caenorhabditis elegans.","authors":"Danxian Luo, Jingrui Luo, Yun Chen, Ruina Xu, Yong Cao, Zuanxian Su, Yunjiao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106386","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maintaining lipid homeostasis is important for intestinal and body health. Litchi flower essential oil (LFEO), mainly containing 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, α-Curcumene, Gamma.-Sitosterol, α-linolenic acid, β-Bisabolene and n-Hexadecanoic acid, has been demonstrated significant anti-obesity activity. However, it remains uncertain whether LFEO could ameliorate intestinal damage associated with lipid metabolism disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of LFEO against intestinal injury caused by lipid disturbance in Caenorhabditis elegans. Firstly, LFEO significantly ameliorated the lipid disturbance induced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and maintained lipid homeostasis. Secondly, LFEO maintained intestinal health by attenuating mitochondrial damage. After LFEO treatment, the intestinal width of worms was reduced by 24.82 % (on day 5) and 23.81 % (on day 7), respectively, while the intestinal breakage rate was only 15.33 %. In terms of capacity metabolism, LFEO significantly protected the neuronal structure, improved pharyngeal function, and maintained energy intake in lipid-disordered worms. The results of this study indicated that LFEO effectively reduced the intestinal damage and maintained intestinal health in lipid disorder nematodes. It made a new understanding for LFEO to reduce intestinal damage caused by lipid disorders, and provided a reference for the large-scale production of LFEO to promote the development of litchi circular economy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":" ","pages":"106386"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two new sesquiterpenoids and two new diterpenoids from Croton lauioides with anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities.","authors":"Jia-Xin Hu, Qian Liang, Li-Lin Xiao, Rong-Lin Jia, Xiao-Min Su, Li-Ping Liu, Xiahong He, Wen-Hui Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two new tropolone-bearing sesquiterpenoids (1-2), two new dolabrane-type diterpenoids (3-4) along with eight known compounds as ionone-type sesquiterpenoid (5), oleanane triterpenoid (6), vanillin and its derivative (7-8), neolignan (9), two lignans (10-11), flavanonol glycoside (12) were isolated from whole plants of Croton lauioides Radcl.-Sm. & Govaerts. The structures of all isolated compounds were elucidated by extensive spectral data including 1D, 2D NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and by comparing their NMR data with those of previously reported compounds. The experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism data were used to determine their absolute configurations. All new compounds (1-4) were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity on LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages, and cytotoxicity against five human cancer cell lines (HepG2, A-549, MDA-MB-231, HL-60, and SW-480). Compound 2 showed signicant inhibitory activity against NO production with an IC₅₀ value of 16.41 ± 0.48 μM, better than that of L-NMMA (positive control, IC₅₀ = 42.83 ± 0.80 μM), while compound 1 exhibited comparable anti-inflammatory activity with IC₅₀ value of 47.50 ± 0.46 μM. Furthermore, compound 1 was also found to display selective cytotoxicity against human cancer cell line HepG2 with an inhibition rate of 79.09 % at 40.0 μM.</p>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"181 ","pages":"106384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction, purification, structural characterization, and biological activity of polysaccharides from Aralia: A review.","authors":"Xiaolan Liu, Zhikun Zang, Rong Ji, Zhibin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aralia Linn. Plants (ALPs) is a member of the Araliaceae family, a genus of more than thirty species, some plants of Aralia Linn are commonly used as herbal medicines. ALPs is commonly utilized for relieving the symptoms of neurasthenia, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. The principal extraction approaches of polysaccharides of ALPs (AEP) encompass water extraction, ultrasonic-assisted, compound enzyme and microwave-assisted. Various extraction approaches and extraction conditions will affect the extraction rate and purity of the AEP. AEP is mainly composed of arabinose (Ara), galactose (Gal), rhamnose (Rha), xylose (Xyl) and so on with different proportions of monosaccharides. AEP is one of the principal active components of ALPs, which has a variety of biological activities. Studies have shown that activities of AEP are anti-tumor, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, anti-radiation, and hypoglycemic. One of the anti-tumor mechanisms of AEP is mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, and its regulatory process is described in detail. This review mainly summarizes the researches on extraction, separation, structural characterization and pharmacological activities of some AEP both the latest local and international in recent years. It lays a foundation for clinical safety application and the broadening of the application scope.</p>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":" ","pages":"106379"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovery of new aliphatic metabolites with antibacterial activities from a soil-derived Streptomyces antifungus.","authors":"Lu Cao, Jiaxuan Guo, Junfeng Tan, Yu Mu, Yi Jiang, Xueshi Huang, Li Han","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fifteen new aliphatic metabolites, 2-methylpyrimidin-4(3H)-ones (1,2), 2-methoxy-2-methyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrol-3-ones (4a/4b, 5a/5b), butyrolactones (6-9), and aliphatic metabolites (16-20) as well as known pyridin-2(1H)-one (3) and butyrolactone analogues (10-15) were obtained from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces antifungus isolated from the forest soil sample collected in Tengchong, China. Pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives (1, 2) with an individual 2-methylpyrimidin-4(3H)-one skeleton is a kind of rarely reported compound and were firstly obtained from natural source. The structures of the new metabolites were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis including data from experimental and calculated ECD spectra as well as Mosher's reagent derivative method. Compounds 1, 2, 18, and 19 exhibited optimal activity against Staphylococcus aureus with MIC values ranged from 12.5 to 50 μg/mL. Further investigation revealed that 1 effectively inhibited biofilm formation and destroyed the preformed biofilm of S. aureus through oxidative damage, thereby exerting antibacterial effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":" ","pages":"106382"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}