Fitoterapia最新文献

{"title":"Potential protective effects of Pistacia lentiscus L. var. latifolius coss extract against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury: Biochemical, histopathological, and computational insights","authors":"Amany E. Ragab ,&nbsp;Sherin Refat El Afify ,&nbsp;Ghada M. Al-Ashmawy ,&nbsp;Mariam A. Abo-Saif","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106773","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106773","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The investigation of natural products for liver fibrosis prevention is essential for advancing therapeutic strategies. This study investigates the hepatoprotective effects of Mastic extract against CCl₄-induced liver fibrosis in mice and explores its underlying molecular mechanisms. Mice were divided into four groups: (1) negative control (corn oil only), (2) CCl₄-induced fibrosis, (3) CCl₄ + Mastic extract treatment, and (4) Mastic extract alone. Hepatic function and oxidative stress were assessed by measuring serum ALT, AST, malondialdehyde (MDA), and catalase activity. Gene expression analysis focused on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibrosis-related genes (E-cadherin, vimentin, and Sirt1) at both mRNA and protein levels. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry examined liver architecture and TGF-β/E-cadherin expression. Network pharmacology identified 32 fibrosis-related genes targeted by Mastic extract's bioactive compounds, with key targets being CYP1A1, CYP2C9, and HMGCR. Secondary targets included CYP2C19, PPARA, and CYP2D6. Bioinformatics analysis predicted favorable drug-likeness and ADME properties of these compounds. Treatment with CCl₄ led to elevated ALT, AST, increased MDA levels, and reduced catalase activity, indicating liver injury and oxidative stress. Mastic extract significantly restored these markers to near-normal levels. Additionally, Mastic extract reversed EMT-related changes, increasing E-cadherin and Sirt1 expression while reducing vimentin and TGF-β. Histological analysis showed reduced fibrosis, necrosis, and steatosis in treated livers. In conclusion, Mastic extract provides significant hepatoprotection against CCl₄-induced liver fibrosis by modulating EMT, enhancing Sirt1 expression, and reducing oxidative stress. These findings support its potential as a natural therapeutic agent for liver fibrosis prevention and treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 106773"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144724002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthelmintic evaluation of triterpenes derived from conifers (family Pinaceae) on the digenean parasite Fasciola hepatica","authors":"Anand Chakroborty ,&nbsp;Bismark Dankwa ,&nbsp;Alessandra Crusco ,&nbsp;Josephine E. Forde-Thomas ,&nbsp;Shashika Abeysekara ,&nbsp;Ziada Kiwanuka ,&nbsp;Mia Ley ,&nbsp;Sarah D. Davey ,&nbsp;Jackie Hollinshead ,&nbsp;Barbara Bartholomew ,&nbsp;Charlotte Wild ,&nbsp;Caroline Fenn ,&nbsp;Dafydd A. Thomas ,&nbsp;Peter Holdsworth ,&nbsp;Maggie Fisher ,&nbsp;Mark S. Baird ,&nbsp;Robert J. Nash ,&nbsp;Karl F. Hoffmann","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fasciolosis is a devastating food borne parasitic disease of ruminants and is mainly caused by infection with the trematode <em>Fasciola hepatica</em> (liver fluke) in temperate climates. The primary strategy of fasciolosis control relies on a single drug, triclabendazole, although nitroxinil, albendazole, closantel, rafoxanide and clorsulon can also be used to treat chronic infections. Unfortunately, growing evidence indicates that triclabendazole resistant liver fluke populations are pervasive. Therefore, identifying new chemical matter with anthelmintic properties as starting points for drug development is urgently needed. Here, we continue our studies into the flukicidal activities of plant derived natural products isolated and purified from coniferous trees<em>.</em> Amongst nine triterpenes studied, <em>Abies grandis</em> derived <strong>700235</strong> represents a novel chemical entity with pronounced <em>ex vivo</em> paralytic activity that led to death in the majority of <em>F. hepatica</em> Newly Excysted Juveniles (NEJs) at 10 μM after 72 h. In adults, paralytic activity was also observed in some individuals at higher concentrations (13.3 and 40 μM). While the mechanism of action is currently unknown, the anthelmintic activity of <strong>700235</strong> (and related triterpenes) is linked to the presence of both a steroid-like tetracyclic nucleus and a side lactone ring. Although some epithelial cell cytotoxicity developed in time (CC₅₀s on Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells - 68.9 μM at 24 h and 16.7 μM at 72 h), <strong>700235</strong> is predicted to display many favorable ADMET, PK and drug-like characteristics suitable for further consideration as a starting point in the search for new flukicides to treat fasciolosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 106762"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated wound healing with topical formulation based on Lobularia maritima essential oil: A rat model study","authors":"Boutheina Ben Akacha ,&nbsp;Asma Mahmoudi ,&nbsp;Miroslava Kačániová ,&nbsp;Wirginia Kukula-Koch ,&nbsp;Wojciech Koch ,&nbsp;Rim Marrekchi ,&nbsp;Mohamed Chamkha ,&nbsp;Rania Ben Saad ,&nbsp;Faical Brini ,&nbsp;Wissem Mnif ,&nbsp;Stefania Garzoli ,&nbsp;Anis Ben Hsouna","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106758","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106758","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the wound-healing effect of the essential oil of <em>Lobularia maritima</em> (<em>Lm</em>EO) in a rat model. The animals were divided into three groups (<em>n</em> = 8): control (physiological saline), positive control (Centella cream), and <em>Lm</em>EO cream treatment. The wound closure rates were measured over 14 days, and the healed wounds were histologically analyzed. The hydroxyproline and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were analyzed in the blood and tissue. The topical application of <em>Lm</em>EO significantly improved wound healing and reduced the inflammatory process compared to the negative and positive control groups. On day 14, the <em>Lm</em>EO-treated group achieved a wound contraction of 97 % ± 0.74 %, which was significantly higher than the control group (78.24 % ± 2.44 %) and the Centella cream group (85.62 % ± 1.68 %) (<em>p &lt; 0.05</em>). The inflammatory protein content CRP was significantly lower in the group treated with <em>Lm</em>EO, namely by 51.96 % compared to the negative control group and by 34.28 % compared to the Centella cream group (<em>p &lt; 0.0001</em>). Histopathological analysis further supported improved re-epithelialization, organized collagen and fibroblasts, and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration with <em>Lm</em>EO treatment. In conclusion, <em>Lm</em>EO, rich in bioactive oxygenated monoterpenes (&gt;74.40 %), an effective agent for wound healing of the skin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 106758"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144724001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lonicera japonica Thunb. in acute lung injury: A systematic review of bioactive components and multi-target mechanisms.","authors":"Yi-Fei Cao, Hao Zhong, Zheng-Ping Liu, Qiang Guo, Ke-Wu Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute lung injury (ALI), characterized by dysregulated host-pathogen interactions and hyperinflammatory responses, poses a critical clinical burden in viral infections such as influenza and COVID-19. Lonicera japonica Thunb. (LJT), a cornerstone herb in traditional medicine for respiratory ailments exhibits multi-component synergy with documented anti-ALI properties. However, its phytochemical determinants and polypharmacological mechanisms remain underexplored.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This review aims to systematically decode the bioactive phytoconstituents of LJT driving ALI protection and establish their multi-target mechanisms through integrative pharmacology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The information was compiled from major scientific databases such as the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Elsevier, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Web of Science. Relevant literature was extracted from the above databases using the keywords \"acute lung injury,\" \"Lonicera japonica,\" \"anti-inflammatory,\" \"chlorogenic acid.\"</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LJT's bioactive matrix orchestrates ALI mitigation via: 1) TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB axis suppression, reducing TNF-α, IL-6, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation; 2) Nrf2/HO-1-mediated oxidative stress resolution; 3) direct antiviral effects against influenza. terpenoids enhances bioavailability and target engagement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This mechanistic elucidation positions LJT as a promising multi-target phytotherapeutic against the cytokine storm phase of ALI.</p>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":" ","pages":"106764"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144728969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant polyphenols: Antibacterial activity and structural insights.","authors":"Gui-Qin Li, Ya-Feng Wang, Bing-Yuan Yang, Rui-Jie He, Zhang-Bin Liu, Yong-Lin Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106763","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant global health challenge, highlighting the urgent need for novel antimicrobial agents. Plant polyphenols, known for their diverse structures and broad-spectrum bioactivities, are promising candidates for novel antimicrobial agents due to their natural origin and low toxicity. In this study, 82 plant polyphenols were evaluated against eight bacterial strains using the agar well diffusion and broth microdilution methods. All 23 tested ellagitannins exhibited antibacterial activity, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and β-hemolytic Streptococcus, with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 128 to 512 μg/mL. Significant interspecies differences in susceptibility were observed, with S. aureus and β-hemolytic Streptococcus showing higher susceptibility, while Enterococcus faecalis exhibited considerable resistance. Structure-activity relationship analysis identified key structural determinants: (1) C-O-C-linked gallic acid derivatives in phenolic acids showed superior activity compared to their C-C-linked counterparts; (2) In gallotannins, increasing the number of galloyl groups attached to the glucose core enhanced antibacterial effects; (3) The hexahydroxydiphenoyl group was essential for the antibacterial activity of ellagitannins, and its transformation into the nonahydroxyterphenoyl group significantly broadened the antibacterial spectrum. These findings underscore the potential of plant polyphenols, particularly ellagitannins, as promising antibacterial agents, highlighting the importance of molecular structure in determining antibacterial activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":" ","pages":"106763"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144728970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the effects of the anti-diarrheal formula on intestinal oxidative stress based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and microbiomics","authors":"Yi Ding,&nbsp;Xueyan Wang,&nbsp;Yichao Feng,&nbsp;Xueping Zhang,&nbsp;Chenglin Li,&nbsp;Yichen Ge,&nbsp;Yaosen Yang,&nbsp;Jianqing Su,&nbsp;Xiuling Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The anti-diarrheal formula, a traditional Chinese remedy made from <em>Punica granatum peel</em>, <em>Agrimonia eupatoria</em>, and <em>Gynostemma Blume</em>, contains compounds that reduce oxidative stress. In our previous study, it was shown that the Anti-diarrheal Formula has a therapeutic effect on dysentery in livestock, so follow-up experiments are needed to test the mechanism of action.This study examines the formula's pharmacological mechanisms in treating dysentery through microbiome analysis and network pharmacology to clarify its effects on oxidative stress.Active ingredients with antioxidative properties in the anti-diarrheal formula were identified through non-targeted metabolomics.The Anti-diarrheal Formula reduces oxidative stress and intestinal damage by targeting Src, Stat3, Akt1, Egfr, Hsp90aa1, and Esr1 through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. It improves intestinal flora in mice under oxidative stress, with significant correlations found between flora composition and the diarrhea index and immune indicators. This study used pharmacological and metabolomic methods to clarify the therapeutic mechanisms of this Chinese herbal compound.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 106742"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The anti-inflammatory mechanism of a new skeleton alkaloid isolated from Portulaca oleracea L.","authors":"Xiaoqian Zhang ,&nbsp;Yingdai Zhao ,&nbsp;Jinpeng Liu ,&nbsp;Hongzhe Zhang ,&nbsp;Junjie Yao ,&nbsp;Jing Liu ,&nbsp;Yujuan Niu ,&nbsp;Xixiang Ying","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106760","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106760","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new skeleton alkaloid was isolated from <em>Portulaca oleracea</em> L., which was identified as ethyl (2<em>Z</em>,4<em>E</em>,6<em>E</em>)-3-amino-7-(4-amino-6-ethyl-3-glycyl-5-methylpyridin-2-yl)-2-methylocta-2,4,6-trienoate, trivial named, olerapyridin and the structure was clarified through IR, UV, 1D and 2D NMR as well as UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS methods. Moreover, the bioactivities of anti-inflammation of the compound were investigated via testing RAW 264.7 macrophage cell stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. The results showed that olerapyridin at 5 μ<em>M</em> remarkably downregulated the levels of inflammatory mediators, including IL-1<em>β</em>, the proteins expression levels of iNOS and the mRNA expression levels of COX-2, Additionally, at 15 μ<em>M</em>, olerapyridin effectively reduced the levels of NO and TNF-<em>a</em>, as well as the proteins expression levels of COX-2 and mRNA expression levels of iNOS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 106760"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144714530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovery of flavonoids with quorum sensing inhibitory activity from Hymenocallis littoralis","authors":"Fei Song ,&nbsp;Xiaoxia Gu ,&nbsp;Xiaotong Zeng ,&nbsp;Zhangrong Hou ,&nbsp;Zhengyi Shi ,&nbsp;Chaohu Xiong ,&nbsp;Yeting Zhang ,&nbsp;Mengyi Deng ,&nbsp;Weiguang Sun ,&nbsp;Changxing Qi ,&nbsp;Yonghui Zhang ,&nbsp;Changtian Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Hymenocallis littoralis</em> (Jacq.) Salisb. was a traditional folk medicinal herb used externally in China. The chemical constituents and their bioactivity of the <em>H. littoralis</em> was investigated in our study. Hymevanes A (<strong>1</strong>) and B (<strong>2</strong>), two new flavanes, together with seven known compounds (<strong>3</strong>–<strong>9</strong>), were isolated from <em>H. littoralis</em>. The structures of these compounds were determined through comprehensive NMR spectroscopic data, HRESIMS and ECD comparison. Among the known compounds, three known compounds were isolated for the first time from this plant, including tazettone A (<strong>3</strong>), (2<em>S</em>)-7,4′-dihydroxy-8-methylflavan (<strong>5</strong>), and (<em>S</em>)-liquiritigenin (<strong>7</strong>). Significantly, compound <strong>4</strong> was the first reported flavane as quorum sensing inhibitor of <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> and has been identified as a safe antibacterial agent that synergized with ceftazidime and imipenem and inhibited biofilm formation, that might act through competitively binding to quorum sensing receptors. Based on the present results, compound <strong>4</strong> may be potential antibacterial agent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 106761"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diterpenoids with anti-inflammatory activities from Isodon rubescens","authors":"Xia Tang ,&nbsp;Jin-Lu Xu ,&nbsp;Xin-Yue Li ,&nbsp;Yan-Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Shu-Qing Xiang ,&nbsp;Xiang Luo ,&nbsp;Zhong-Qiu Liu ,&nbsp;Xiang-Le Meng ,&nbsp;Hua Zhou ,&nbsp;Peng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nine previously undescribed diterpenoids, namely, Henanabinins A–I (<strong>1</strong>–<strong>9</strong>), and 14 known analogues (<strong>10</strong>−<strong>23</strong>), were isolated from the aerial part of <em>Isodon rubescens</em>. Henanabinins A–C (<strong>1</strong>–<strong>3)</strong> were classified as <em>ent</em>-abietane diterpenoids, whereas Henanabinins D<img>I <strong>(4</strong>–<strong>9)</strong> as <em>ent</em>-kaurane diterpenoids. Their structures were elucidated through extensive and mass spectrometric analyses. The structure of compound <strong>1</strong> was further confirmed by single- crystal X-ray diffraction, enabling the determination of its absolute configuration. The anti-inflammatory activities of all isolated diterpenes were evaluated using a lipopolysaccharide stimulated RAW264.7 cell model. Compound <strong>10</strong> (rubescensin B) inhibited NF-κB nuclear translocation with an IC₅₀ value of 3.073 μM. Additionally, it showed no cytotoxicity at a concentration of 12.5 μM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 106759"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"C21 steroids from the roots of Tylophora floribunda (Miq.) inhibit inflammation via MAPK/NF-κB pathway","authors":"Peng Wu ,&nbsp;Yebi Qin ,&nbsp;Yinzheng Xie ,&nbsp;Yuan Liu ,&nbsp;Pan Luo ,&nbsp;Song Ang ,&nbsp;Dongli Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Eight C₂₁ steroids, including two undescribed ones (<strong>1</strong>–<strong>2</strong>) and six known analogues (<strong>3</strong>–<strong>8</strong>), were isolated from the roots of <em>Tylophora floribunda</em> (Miq.). Compound <strong>1</strong> possessed a unique 3(4),14(15)-diseco-3-norpregnane skeleton, characterized by an unprecedented [5,6,6,5,5,5]-fused ring system resulting from the cleavage of ring A and transforming into a new lactone moiety, while compound <strong>2</strong> was one of the few reported 14, 15-seco-18-nor-pregnane type steroidal glycosides. Their structures were unequivocally elucidated through comprehensive NMR spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. Notably, compound <strong>3</strong> exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 5.8 ± 2.3 μM. Western blot analysis revealed that compound <strong>3</strong> downregulated the expression of key inflammatory proteins, iNOS and COX-2, by suppressing the activation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. This study not only highlights the phytochemical diversity of <em>T. floribunda</em> but also provides foundational insights into the bioactivity potential of seco-pregnane steroids as anti-inflammatory agents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 106756"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}