Fitoterapia最新文献

{"title":"Optimization on the extraction conditions of flavonoids from Suaeda glauca and the research of its hepatoprotection in mice","authors":"Xiaojuan Zhao ,&nbsp;Shengjie Peng ,&nbsp;Ting Hui,&nbsp;Xinrong Yu,&nbsp;Haorong Li,&nbsp;Min Ni,&nbsp;Xue Liu,&nbsp;Yu Chen,&nbsp;Jiankang Zhang,&nbsp;Hua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liver disease is a serious threat to health worldwide. Flavonoids from <em>Suaeda glauca</em> (SGF) is able to alleviate liver lipid peroxidation. However, it is unclear whether SGF could protect against liver glycogen accumulation, inflammation and fibrosis. In this study, the extraction conditions of SGF were optimized with response surface methodology. The qualitative analysis of components in SGF was carried out by a LC-MS/MS method. Moreover, SGF was administered orally to male mice given 10 % carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) for 4 weeks at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg once daily for 4 weeks. The optimal extraction conditions of SGF were as follows: the ratio of material to liquid 1:35, the temperature 67 °C, the time 3 h, and the ethanol concentration 89 %. Thirty-five compounds were preliminarily identified in SGF. Furthermore, SGF could significantly improve liver dysfunction, regulate the hepatic protein levels of glucose-6-phosphatase, glycogen synthase, glycogen phosphorylase L, Laforin, interleukin−1β, gasdermin-D, NOD-like receptor (NLR) family, pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome, α-smooth muscle actin, the hepatic mRNA levels and enzyme activities of matrix metallopeptidase 9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1, and collagen 1α1, reduce the liver glycogen accumulation, inflammation and fibrosis in mice induced by CCl₄. These results indicated that SGF may be a promising drug for the treatment of liver injury.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106606"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coumarin MAMMEA A/BB cytotoxicity inhibits the chemoresistance and migration of glioblastoma cells in vitro","authors":"Ísis Barbosa Costa ,&nbsp;Frederico Guaré Cruz ,&nbsp;Heiter Valverde Magalhães Boness ,&nbsp;Edson Marques ,&nbsp;Julita Maria Pereira Borges ,&nbsp;Giselle Pinto de Faria Lopes ,&nbsp;Victor Diogenes Amaral da Silva ,&nbsp;Alessandra Estrela-Lima ,&nbsp;Ramon dos Santos El-Bachá","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-grade gliomas are the most aggressive brain tumors, which have no effective treatment. This work investigated a new anti-glioma strategy using mammea A/BB <em>in vitro</em>, a 4-phenylcoumarin isolated from the roots of <em>Kielmeyera argentea</em>. This work evaluated the cytotoxicity of mammea A/BB to human glioblastoma (U251), rat glioma (C6) cells and rat astrocytes in primary culture, comparing to temozolomide (TMZ) by MTT test. Cell migration assay, morphological analysis of DAPI-labeled nuclei and immunofluorescence for P-glycoprotein (P-gp) were also performed. After 72 h, the mammea A/BB significantly induced cytotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner in U251 and C6 cells, with the EC₅₀ 27 ± 2 μM and 57 ± 14 μM, respectively. The natural compound was not cytotoxic to astrocytes in primary culture up to 200 μM. It was possible to observe a significant inhibition of tumoral cell migration in treatments with 10 mM mammea A/BB. Both cell lines were resistant to TMZ, but significantly sensitive to mammea A/BB. The percentage of picnotic nuclei of cells treated with 30 mM mammea A/BB was higher than the control. Besides, the treatment with mammea A/BB showed no significant difference in P-gp expression, but it was increased in TMZ treatment after 72 h. Even with cell lines presenting different molecular profiles, the results indicate that mammea A/BB is a promising candidate as a new antitumor drug against glioma cells <em>in vitro</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106607"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143946743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leafing a mark on immunity: Quercetin-3-O-D-glucopyranoside and quercetin-3-O-(2″,6″-digalloyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside-rich Melia azedarach L. extract's immunoinflammatory effects on an sRBC-immunized BALB/c model","authors":"Arghadip Das,&nbsp;Gayathri Veeraraghavan,&nbsp;Sweatha Vijayakumar,&nbsp;Ganesh Babu,&nbsp;Shonam Tamrakar","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Melia azedarach</em> L. (Meliaceae) (MA) leaves are traditionally used for inflammatory disorders, yet their immunomodulatory effects on lymphocytes remain underexplored. This study investigates the ethyl-acetate partition of a 90 % ethanolic leaf extract (MLE) using LC-MS, HPLC-UV, in silico, in vitro, and in vivo methods to evaluate lymphocyte responses. HPLC-UV identified quercetin-3-O-D-glucopyranoside (C1, 7.75 % <em>w/w</em>) and quercetin-3-O-(2″,6″-digalloyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside (C3, 15.81 % <em>w/w</em>) as major constituents. In silico QSAR and molecular docking predicted immunotoxicity for C1 and C3, targeting CD28, CD4, and CD11b receptors. MLE (125 μg/mL) was non-cytotoxic to splenocytes, enhancing B and T-cell proliferation and IgM production (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), assessed via MTT and plaque-forming assays (PFA) in vitro. MLE was further tested in a sheep red blood cell (sRBC) immunized BALB/c mouse model at 200 (T₁) and 400 (T₂) mg/kg b.wt. At T₁, MLE mildly suppressed lymphocyte proliferation, supporting traditional anti-inflammatory properties. At T₂, MLE significantly increased (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) lymphocyte counts, sRBC hemolysis, NK cell activity, and cytotoxic T-cell function, measured by hemagglutination and LDH release assays. Serum cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-12, TNF-α) were elevated as quantified by ELISA. Mechanistically, qRT-PCR and phospho-ELISAs confirmed NF-κB upregulation via PI3K/AKT/IκBα signaling without influencing NFAT, supported by network pharmacology. These dose-dependent effects highlight MLE's potential for modulating lymphocyte-driven immune responses, particularly in immunostimulatory applications. However, the immunotoxicity of C1 and C3, predicted in silico and observed at higher doses, necessitates further safety studies to optimize therapeutic use of MA leaf extracts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106601"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects of Valeriana tuberosa L. constituents: Integrating in vitro and in silico studies","authors":"Cansel Çelik ,&nbsp;Yağmur Özhan ,&nbsp;Ceren Öztürk ,&nbsp;Zulal Sevgi Dede ,&nbsp;Tugce Citoglu ,&nbsp;Burcin Gungor ,&nbsp;Başak Aru ,&nbsp;Enise Ece Gurdal ,&nbsp;Wolfgang Sippl ,&nbsp;Hande Sipahi ,&nbsp;Mehtap Tekşen ,&nbsp;Hasan Kırmızıbekmez","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Valeriana tuberosa</em> L. yielded four new iridoids, valtuberoside I-IV (<strong>1</strong>–<strong>3</strong> and <strong>15</strong>), along with 13 known secondary metabolites <em>via</em> activity-directed fractionation. Compounds were characterized by NMR and HRESIMS. EtOH extract, fractions, and isolates were evaluated for their inhibition on nitric oxide (NO) release in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Compounds <strong>3</strong>, <strong>4</strong>, <strong>6</strong>, <strong>8</strong>, <strong>9</strong>, <strong>11</strong>, <strong>13</strong>, <strong>16</strong>, and <strong>17</strong> exhibited anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the release of NO (IC₅₀ 43.44–95.71 μM), and their mode of actions were elucidated by ELISA, Western blot, qPCR, immunostaining techniques and supported by molecular modelling studies. Compounds <strong>8</strong>, <strong>9</strong>, <strong>11</strong>, <strong>13</strong>, and <strong>17</strong> showed significant reduction in TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, PGE₂, and COX-2 enzyme production, while <strong>9</strong> and <strong>13</strong> decreased iNOS protein expression in RAW 264.7 cells. Compound <strong>13</strong> exhibited remarkable inhibition on pro-inflammatory markers, <em>cox-2</em> gene expression and translocation of NF-κB to the nuclear region. Moreover, it had the most favourable interaction (ds: −6.46 kcal/mol) with iNOS in <em>in silico</em> analyses. The cytotoxic activities of the most active isolates against MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, U87, A172, MIA PaCa-2, PANC-1, Mahlavu, and Hep3B cancer cell lines were assessed using CCK8 assay and their cell death mechanisms were unveiled <em>via</em> Apoptosis/Necrosis Assay Kit. Compound <strong>8</strong> had significant cytotoxic activity against MIA PaCa-2 (IC₅₀ 23.7 μM) and Hep3B (IC₅₀ 25.4 μM) cancer cell lines, <em>via</em> arresting cell cycle especially in G2/M phase and triggering the apoptotic pathway. These findings indicated that <strong>8</strong> and <strong>13</strong> deserve further <em>in vivo</em> assays on the way to discover new potential drug leads.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106604"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effect of aqueous extract of Reineckea carnea (Andrews) Kunth against cigarette smoke-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in mice and its impact on gut microbiota","authors":"Jiu-Qiong Chen ,&nbsp;Xi-Jun Wu ,&nbsp;Xu-Xian Wu ,&nbsp;Bill D. Geng ,&nbsp;Dan Zhou ,&nbsp;Jun Wen ,&nbsp;Sze Chun Leo Chan ,&nbsp;Cen Jin ,&nbsp;Jian-Wei Xu ,&nbsp;Jun-Hou Lu ,&nbsp;Guo Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Reineckea carnea</em> (Andrews) Kunth (RCK) is known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. But, its effects and underlying mechanisms on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are not well understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of RCK on COPD and to elucidate the mechanisms by which it modulates gut microbiota. A COPD mouse model was established through exposure to cigarette smoke (CS). Mice were then treated with oral administration of RCK aqueous extract. The anti-inflammatory effects and efficacy of RCK aqueous extract on COPD, as well as changes in microbiota composition, were evaluated. RCK aqueous extract ameliorated gut dysbiosis in CS-induced COPD mice by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacterial phyla and reducing the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria. Importantly, RCK treatment inhibited the expression of inflammatory mediators, such as IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α at both mRNA levels and protein levels, attenuated oxidative stress in vivo in mice, and suppressed CS-induced activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby attenuating lung inflammation and restoring lung tissue structure. In conclusion, the beneficial effects of RCK aqueous extract on CS-induced COPD may be attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties as well as its ability to modulate gut microbial composition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106600"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143943267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydroalcoholic extract from Syagrus cocoides Martius almonds (ariri coconut) induces diuretic effects in rodents","authors":"Jhônata Costa Moura ,&nbsp;Thâmara de Paula Reis Sousa Pires ,&nbsp;Ellen Caroline da Silva Penha ,&nbsp;Vinicius Santos Mendes ,&nbsp;Beatriz da Silva Ferreira de Lima ,&nbsp;Lara Possapp Andrade ,&nbsp;Gabriel Antônio Bezerra Costa e Souza ,&nbsp;Nicolas Melo de Cerqueira Salgado ,&nbsp;Mateus Balbino Barbosa De Carvalho ,&nbsp;Emanoel Ribeiro De Brito Junior ,&nbsp;Caritas De Jesus Silva Mendonça ,&nbsp;Cláudia Quintino da Rocha ,&nbsp;Rachel Melo Ribeiro","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106589","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Recent studies point to the great biotechnological potential of <em>Syagrus cocoides</em> as a tool for treating cardiovascular disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Evaluate the diuretic activity of the extract of <em>S. cocoides</em> Martius almonds (SYA) in normotensive Wistar rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The animals received distilled water (10 mL/Kg, orally) and were placed individually in metabolic cages. The animals were randomized into 4 groups: Group I, the health control, received distilled water (0.01 g/Kg), Group II, treated with the standard drug (Furosemide 0.01 g/Kg) and Group III and IV, treated with SYA by gavage over 7 consecutive days, in a single daily dose. The doses of SYA were 0.1 g/Kg and 0.3 g/Kg, respectively. Serum and urine biochemical parameters were assessed. Urinary electrolytes were measured, and Natriuretic Activity (NA), Saliuretic Activity (AS), and Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitory Activity (CAI) were determined.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The phytochemical study of SYA showed it to be rich in phenols and flavonoids, with high antioxidant activity. Regarding serum biochemical parameters, only a slight increase in glycemia was observed in the SYA 0.3 g/Kg group (113.4 ± 6.55 mg/dL). About electrolyte excretion, SYA in rats treated with 0.3 g/Kg produced greater K⁺ excretion when compared to the group treated with Furosemide 0.01 g/Kg (<em>p</em> = 0.04) and showed an increase in Cl⁻ excretion compared to the Control group, Furosemide and SYA-0.1 g/Kg (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). All test doses of SYA produced a CAI index &lt;0.8. The treatment did not cause significant changes in weight gain, water and feed consumption, density, and urinary pH. On the 6th day of treatment, the two groups treated with the extract showed greater diuretic activity when compared to the Control group (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). On the 7th day, dose-dependent diuretic activity was observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings support the potential of S. cocoides as a promising natural agent for diuretic therapy and warrant further investigation into its mechanisms of action and therapeutic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106589"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diarylheptanoid-flavanone adducts from Alpinia officinarum and their neuroprotective activities","authors":"Teng Ren ,&nbsp;Qiuping Miao ,&nbsp;Yan Pan ,&nbsp;Shiqing Zhang ,&nbsp;Lei Shi ,&nbsp;Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Wen-Cai Ye ,&nbsp;Zhen-Long Wu ,&nbsp;Xiao-Jun Huang ,&nbsp;Jian-Guo Song","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106594","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106594","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Guided by the characteristic highly π-conjugated system of HPLC-UV experiments, four pairs of enantiomeric diarylheptanoid-flavanone adducts, officinoids A–D (<strong>1</strong>–<strong>4</strong>), were isolated from the rhizomes of medicinal plant <em>Alpinia officinarum</em>. Their structures with absolute configurations were fully characterized through a combination of extensive spectroscopic analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and density functional theory quantum chemical calculation. These isolated compounds represent a new class of diarylheptanoid-flavanone adducts with an unprecedented C-11–C-8′(C-6′) and C-9–<em>O</em>–C-7′ connection mode. Notably, compounds <strong>3</strong> and <strong>4</strong> contain an unusual ketal motif in the dihydropyrano[2,3-<em>f</em>]chromone or dihydropyrano[3,2-<em>g</em>]chromone skeleton. In the bioactivity assays, compound <strong>2</strong> exhibited significant neuroprotective effects against neuronal injury induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation and re‑oxygenation (OGD/R) in SH-SY5Y cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106594"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring indigenous South African plants as alternative treatments for dermatophytosis: Focusing on the antifungal properties and mechanism of action of Searsia lancea","authors":"Murunwa Madzinga ,&nbsp;Mammoloro Boitshoko L. Malefo ,&nbsp;Chris van der Merwe ,&nbsp;Marco Nuno De Canha ,&nbsp;Ashish Wadhwani ,&nbsp;Namrita Lall ,&nbsp;Quenton Kritzinger","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Numerous medicinal plants are reported to have activity against dermatophytes, however, there are limited studies providing insights into their mechanism of action, which may be hindering their clinical use. This study aimed to investigate the antifungal activity and toxicity of three South African plants traditionally used to treat skin infections caused by dermatophytes and to investigate the mechanism of action of the most active plant extract. <em>Searsia lancea</em> showed the highest antifungal activity against <em>Microsporum canis</em> (MIC 0.156 mg/mL). <em>Warburgia salutaris</em> and <em>M. comosus</em> showed no toxic effects on HaCaT cells while <em>S. lancea</em> exhibited moderate cytotoxicity. The most active combination of <em>S. lancea</em> combined with <em>M. comosus</em> showed to be non-toxic. <em>Searsia lancea</em> and <em>M. comosus</em> were non-mutagenic at 500 μg/mL. The ethyl acetate partition of <em>S. lancea</em> demonstrated a two-fold increase in activity against <em>Microsporum</em> species while fraction fifteen (F15) exhibited a four-fold increase in activity against <em>T. mentagrophytes</em>. Two compounds in F15 were identified as sakuranetin and gentisic acid, with sakuranetin showing the best activity against <em>T. mentagrophytes</em>. Electron microscopy showed alterations of hyphal surfaces in the form of shrinkage and folding of the plasma membrane (24–48 h) and breakage and leakage of cytoplasmic material (72 h). The RT-qPCR showed significant repression (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) of the <em>SSU1</em> gene of <em>M. canis</em> treated with <em>S. lancea</em> (0.312 mg/mL) after 2 and 7 days. The findings not only support traditional usage of <em>S. lancea</em> but also provide targets of <em>S. lancea</em>'s anti-dermatophytic activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106596"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Algal bioactive compounds: A review on their characteristics and medicinal properties","authors":"Yesmine Bouafir ,&nbsp;Mustapha Mounir Bouhenna ,&nbsp;Amira Nebbak ,&nbsp;Leila Belfarhi ,&nbsp;Badis Aouzal ,&nbsp;Fehmi Boufahja ,&nbsp;Hamdi Bendif ,&nbsp;Maurizio Bruno","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bioactive compounds derived from marine algae drawn increasing interest in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics due to their wide range of therapeutic properties. These natural molecules, which include polysaccharides, polyphenols, phlorotannins, carotenoids, and pigments, exhibit potent antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antitumor activities. Algal bioactives are safer and more sustainable options for drug discovery since they often have less negative effects than synthesized compounds. This review highlights the structural diversity of algal biomolecules and their mechanisms of action, with emphasis on validated bioactivities supported by recent studies. It also critically examines challenges such as the low bioavailability of high-molecular-weight compounds like fucoidans, variability in metabolite production linked to environmental factors, and limitations in scalable extraction processes. Recent advances in nano-encapsulation, metabolic engineering, and eco-friendly extraction methods are explored as promising strategies to enhance bioavailability and industrial applicability. By integrating traditional knowledge with biotechnological innovations, this review underscores the underexploited potential of macroalgae in addressing chronic diseases and the urgent need for standardized protocols to facilitate the clinical translation of algal-derived bioactives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 106591"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trichosanthis Radix: A comprehensive review on botany, ethnomedicine, phytochemistry, pharmacology, quality control and toxicology","authors":"Joyce Mudondo ,&nbsp;Kenneth Happy ,&nbsp;Dennis Okello ,&nbsp;Youngmin Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trichosanthis Radix, derived from the roots of <em>Trichosanthes kirilowii</em> Maximowicz and <em>Trichosanthes rosthornii</em> Harms, is used widely in traditional Asian medicine. It has been used for centuries across China, Japan, South Korea, and other Asian countries to treat several ailments, including diabetes, cancer, inflammation, cardiovascular and respiratory conditions. The pharmacopoeias in several countries recognize its ability to clear heat, reduce swelling, expel pus, generate fluids, and regulate menstruation. This review provides a comprehensive synopsis of botanical, and ethnomedicinal uses of Trichosanthis Radix. In addition, the phytochemical constituents, including proteins (trichosanthin), terpenoids (cucurbitacins), alkaloids, lignans, coumarins, and flavonoids, which contribute to its diverse pharmacological effects including antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, abortifacient, neuroprotective, immunoregulatory, and antiviral activities are examined. Furthermore, the clinical, pharmacokinetic, quality control measures, processing methods, and toxicity associated with Trichosanthis Radix are discussed. Finally, future research opportunities and potential applications of Trichosanthis Radix in modern medicine are explored with a focus on expanding its therapeutic use and ensuring safe and effective medicinal applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12147,"journal":{"name":"Fitoterapia","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 106597"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}