Eye最新文献

{"title":"Hallmarks of aging in age-related macular degeneration and age-related neurological disorders: novel insights into common mechanisms and clinical relevance","authors":"Stela Vujosevic, Celeste Limoli, Igor Kozak","doi":"10.1038/s41433-024-03341-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03341-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and age-related neurological diseases (ANDs), such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases, are increasingly prevalent conditions that significantly contribute to global morbidity, disability, and mortality. The retina, as an accessible part of the central nervous system (CNS), provides a unique window to study brain aging and neurodegeneration. By examining the associations between AMD and ANDs, this review aims to highlight novel insights into fundamental mechanisms of aging and their role in neurodegenerative disease progression. This review integrates knowledge from the emerging field of aging research, which identifies common denominators of biological aging, specifically loss of proteostasis, impaired macroautophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation. Finally, we emphasize the clinical relevance of these pathways and the potential for cross-disease therapies that target common aging hallmarks. Identifying these shared pathways could open avenues to develop therapeutic strategies targeting mechanisms common to multiple degenerative diseases, potentially attenuating disease progression and promoting the healthspan.</p>","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding malarial retinopathy: key predictors of cerebral parasite sequestration in an autopsy cohort.","authors":"Owen K Banda, Alice Muiruri Liomba, Kyle J Wilson, Karl B Seydel, Terrie E Taylor, Nicholas A V Beare","doi":"10.1038/s41433-024-03329-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03329-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142282612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular effects of Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibition: a systematic review","authors":"Jonathan B. Lin, James M. Harris, George Baldwin, Deborah Goss, Milica A. Margeta","doi":"10.1038/s41433-024-03342-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03342-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Topical therapies targeting Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) signalling, including netarsudil (Rhopressa®) and ripasudil (Glanatec®), have become widely adopted as part of standard clinical practice to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with ocular hypertension or glaucoma. Given the pleiotropic roles of ROCK signalling, ROCK inhibition has the potential to cause unintended ocular side effects beyond IOP lowering in other substructures of the eye, both beneficial and deleterious. Additional experience and observation of patients treated with this class of medications have uncovered both new side effects not reported in the initial clinical trials, as well as potential benefits that have inspired off-label uses and that have been the topic of numerous clinical studies, case series, case reports, and translational studies. Here, we performed a comprehensive systematic review and identified 170 studies describing ocular effects of ROCK inhibition. In addition to describing well-established ocular effects associated with inhibition of ROCK signalling, such as conjunctival hyperaemia, corneal verticillata, and reticular corneal epithelial oedema, we also highlight other effects, such as corneal haemorrhages, changes in corneal contour, anterior subcapsular opacities, contact dermatitis, punctal stenosis, and eyelid wound dehiscence, which have been described in case series and case reports. Finally, we evaluated studies describing potential novel applications of ROCK inhibition for treating disorders affecting the cornea, the retina, and the optic nerve, finding strong evidence in support of a beneficial effect of ROCK inhibitors on corneal oedema due to corneal endothelial cell dysfunction. The other potential applications require further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between hypertransmission defect size and progression in eyes with intermediate age-related macular degeneration","authors":"Onnisa Nanegrungsunk, Giulia Corradetti, Phichayut Phinyo, Janejit Choovuthayakorn, Srinivas R. Sadda","doi":"10.1038/s41433-024-03338-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03338-0","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>To determine the associations between the presence of various-sized hypertransmission defects (hyperTDs) and progression to incomplete <u>r</u>etinal pigment epithelial (RPE) and <u>o</u>uter <u>r</u>etinal <u>a</u>trophy (iRORA) and complete RORA (cRORA) in eyes with intermediate age-related macular degeneration (iAMD).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Optical coherence tomography (OCT) data from consecutive iAMD patients, were retrospectively reviewed. All of iAMD eyes with or without iRORA (but not cRORA) at baseline were included. Graders evaluated the presence of hyperTDs at baseline (small: 63–124 µm; medium: 125–249 µm; large: ≥ 250 µm in diameter on choroidal en face OCT) and the progression two years later.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Of the 145 eyes that not developed neovascular AMD at two years, the eyes that progressed to or developed iRORA or cRORA included 13 eyes (10.7%), 5 eyes (83.3%), 9 eyes (81.8%), and 6 eyes (85.7%) in the groups with no, small, medium, and large hyperTDs at baseline, respectively (<i>P</i>-value &lt; 0.001). The odds ratios (95% CI) for progression were 41.6 (4.5–383.6), 37.4 (7.3–192.0), and 49.9 (5.6–447.1) in the small, medium, and large hyperTDs groups, compared to no hyperTDs (<i>P</i>-value ≤ 0.001). Eyes with ≥ 2 hyperTDs also showed more frequent progression than eyes with one or no hyperTDs (100% vs. 16.4%; <i>P</i>-value &lt; 0.001).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>While most iAMD eyes with no hyperTDs remained stable on OCT over two years, eyes with hyperTDs of any size appeared to be at a higher risk for progression. HyperTDs may provide an important OCT biomarker for identifying high-risk iAMD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphologic features of iris in highly myopic eyes based on a novel swept-source optical coherence tomography","authors":"Ching Kang, Jiaqi Meng, Lan Wang, Chao Chen, Yuxi Chen, Wenwen He, Keke Zhang, Yi Lu, Yanwen Fang, Xiangjia Zhu","doi":"10.1038/s41433-024-03321-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03321-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>To investigate the morphologic features of iris in the highly myopic (HM) eyes using a novel swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>In this retrospective case-control study, 100 eyes of 100 patients scheduled to have cataract surgery were included, categorized into the control (22 mm&lt; AL &lt; 24.5 mm) and HM (AL ≥ 26 mm) groups. Iris volume (IV), area of anterior iris surface (IS), area of posterior IS, and average iris thickness (IT), as well as anterior chamber volume (ACV) and trabecular-iris space at 500 µm (TISA 500) were evaluated using SS-OCT. The associated factors with morphologic features of iris were also investigated.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The HM group showed significantly larger IV and area of anterior and posterior IS than the control group (all <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), while no difference was identified in IT between the groups. Similar trend in IV was seen in the superior and nasal segments, and area of anterior and posterior IS showed similar trends in all segments except the temporal segment. The IV, area of anterior and posterior IS were all positively correlated with AL (all <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). Multivariate linear regression revealed that a larger IV was associated with greater ACV. Both larger areas of anterior IS and posterior IS were associated with male, longer AL, greater ACV, and smaller TISA 500.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The HM eyes showed larger IV and area of IS than the control eyes, indicating a coronal expansion of the iris with AL. Iris morphology correlated with anterior chamber angle configuration.</p>","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term efficacy of photobiomodulation in early and intermediate age-related macular degeneration: the PBM4AMD study","authors":"Marco Nassisi, Claudia Mainetti, Giorgia Rosapia Paparella, Luca Belloni Baroni, Paolo Milella, Gaia Leone, Davide Galli, Francesco Pozzo Giuffrida, Laura Dell’Arti, Chiara Mapelli, Giuseppe Casalino, Francesco Viola","doi":"10.1038/s41433-024-03326-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03326-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>This independent prospective study evaluated the short-term effects and safety of photobiomodulation (PBM) in early and intermediate age-related macular degeneration.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>patients were treated with PBM in one eye. Functional parameters and drusen volume were measured at one (W4), three- (W12) and six-months (W24) after PBM.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The study included 38 subjects who completed the PBM protocol. Two patients developed macular neovascularization during the study period. Best corrected visual acuity improved from 77.82 ± 5.83 ETDRS letters at baseline to 82.44 ± 5.67 at W12 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), then declined to 80.05 ± 5.79 at W24 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01 vs. baseline). Low luminance visual acuity showed a similar pattern, improving from 61.18 ± 8.58 ETDRS letters at baseline to 66.33 ± 8.55 at W12 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), and decreasing to 62.05 ± 9.71 at W24 (<i>p</i> = 0.02). Contrast sensitivity improved at W12 (20.11 ± 9.23 ETDRS letters, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), but returned to baseline by W24 (16.45 ± 9.12, <i>p</i> = 0.5). Scotopic microperimetry showed a decrease in mean absolute retinal sensitivity from 9.24 ± 3.44 dB to 7.47 ± 4.41 dB at W24 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), while relative sensitivity decreased only at W24 (<i>p</i> = 0.04). Drusen volume decreased at W4 (0.018 ± 0.009 mm3, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) and W12 (0.017 ± 0.009 mm3, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), with a slight increase at W24 (0.019 ± 0.012 mm3, <i>p</i> = 0.154).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>PBM resulted in temporary improvements in visual function and a reduction in drusen volume, but these effects were not sustained at six months. The long-term efficacy and impact on disease progression are uncertain, necessitating further research to confirm these findings and determine optimal patient selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Intraocular pressure, primary open-angle glaucoma and the risk of retinal vein occlusion: a Mendelian randomization mediation analysis.","authors":"Andreas Katsimpris, Sebastian-Edgar Baumeister, Nafsika Voulgari, Hansjörg Baurecht, Stylianos Kandarakis, Michael Nolde","doi":"10.1038/s41433-024-03340-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03340-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142282609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound biomicroscopy qualitative and quantitative signs of phacoantigenic uveitis","authors":"Francesco Pichi, Khalid Qadha, Khaled Almasri, Sahar AlAli, Piergiorgio Neri","doi":"10.1038/s41433-024-03317-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03317-5","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background/objective</h3><p>To describe the ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) diagnostic features in patients suspected of experiencing chronic inflammation due to phacoantigenic uveitis</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Subjects/methods</h3><p>This single-center study enrolled patients referred to the Uveitis Department of Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi for chronic anterior uveitis and traumatic cataract. Patients’ demographics, causes and dates of the inciting traumatic event, and ophthalmic findings were recorded. 20-MHz UBM assessment of the status of the anterior capsule and the crystalline lens was performed. Then, cataract surgery was performed using a single technique. Comparison of the anterior capsule and lens status by clinical, UBM, and intraoperative evaluation.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Forty eyes with phacoantigenic uveitis were considered. The slit-lamp examination could identify interruption of the anterior capsule in 20% of the eyes and liquefied sinking lens material in 10%. An intra-operative defect in the anterior capsule was documented in 87.5% of eyes. UBM imaging showed anterior capsule irregularity in 63.3% of eyes and confirmed the presence of anterior capsule defects in 47.5% and lens matter herniating into the anterior chamber in 15%. Hypoechogenic lacunae within the cataractous lens were detected in 12.5% of eyes. For UBM, sensitivity and specificity values were 82.86% (95% CI: 66.35–93.44) and 100% (95% CI: 47.82–100), respectively. Positive and negative predictive values for UBM were 100% (95% CI: 88.06–100) and 45.45% (95% CI: 28.69–63.32), respectively. The overall diagnostic accuracy of UBM was 85% [95% CI: 70.16–94.29].</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Ultrasound Biomicroscopy (UBM) is essential for assessing suspected anterior capsule ruptures in phacoantigenic uveitis cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142191115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical features, risk factors and outcomes of contact lens-related bacterial keratitis in Nottingham, UK: a 7-year study","authors":"Lakshmi Suresh, Yasmeen Hammoudeh, Charlotte S. Ho, Zun Zheng Ong, Jessica Cairns, Bhavesh P. Gopal, Lazar Krstic, Ahmad Elsahn, Michelle M. Lister, Dalia G. Said, Harminder S. Dua, Darren S. J. Ting","doi":"10.1038/s41433-024-03323-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03323-7","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background/Objectives</h3><p>To examine the clinical characteristics, risk factors and outcomes of contact lens-related bacterial keratitis (CLBK) in a large UK tertiary referral centre.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Subjects/Methods</h3><p>A retrospective analysis of all patients who presented to the Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK, with suspected CLBK between October 2015 to September 2022 (a 7-year period) was performed. Relevant data on demographic factors, CL wear behaviour, causes, clinical characteristics, and outcomes were analysed.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>We included 138 patients with CLBK; the mean age was 42.0 ± 17.8 years and 74 (53.6%) patients were male. Most CLBK were related to soft CL wear (94.5%), particularly monthly disposable (42.5%) and daily disposable (24.4%) CLs. Poor CL wear behaviour/hygiene was documented in 57.1% cases. Among the 64 (46.4%) microbiological-positive cases (n = 73 organisms), <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (36, 49.3%) and <i>Staphylococcus spp</i>. (16, 21.9%) were most commonly identified. Six (4.3%) cases were polymicrobial. Most (97.0%) patients were successfully treated with topical antibiotics alone, with 80.6% achieving good final corrected-distance-visual-acuity (CDVA) of ≥ 0.30 logMAR. Poor visual outcome (final CDVA &lt; 0.30 logMAR) was significantly associated with presenting CDVA &lt; 0.6 logMAR (<i>p</i> = 0.002) and central ulcer (<i>p</i> = 0.004). Poor corneal healing (complete healing of &gt; 30 days from initial presentation) was significantly associated with age &gt; 50 years (<i>p</i> = 0.028), female gender (<i>p</i> = 0.020), and infiltrate size &gt;3 mm (<i>p</i> = 0.031).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Poor CL wear behaviour/hygiene is commonly observed in CLBK, highlighting the importance of improved counselling and awareness regarding CL use and hygiene. When presented early and managed appropriately, most patients are able to achieve good clinical outcomes with medical treatment alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142191117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infographic: comparison of natamycin and voriconazole for the treatment of fungal keratitis","authors":"Bianca Louise C. Carandang, George Michael N. Sosuan","doi":"10.1038/s41433-024-03325-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03325-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Reference to original study:</b></p>","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142191114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}