IF 2.8 3区医学

Eye Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-03540-0

Akira Ishikawa, Kazumi Kusaka, Akane Nakanishi, Yu Yokoyama

{"title":"The performance of optic disc-macula distance to disc-diameter ratio in qualitative and quantitative assessment of the optic disc size.","authors":"Akira Ishikawa, Kazumi Kusaka, Akane Nakanishi, Yu Yokoyama","doi":"10.1038/s41433-024-03540-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03540-0","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the performance of the optic disc-macula distance to disc-diameter ratio (DM/DD) in qualitative and quantitative assessment of optic disc size.Methods: In 300 apparently normal eyes, we determined the correlation between DM/DD and the planimetric disc area (DA) and evaluated the performance of DM/DD in discriminating between small and large discs. The ability of DM/DD to predict the actual DA was validated in a separate cohort of 200 eyes. The disc size in eyes with glaucoma or related diseases was compared with DA- or DM/DD-based disc size.Results: The DM/DD and its square of inverse (DD2/DM2) showed excellent non-linear and linear correlations, respectively, with DA (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively), demonstrating their performance in discriminating between small (<2.04 mm2) and large (>2.94 mm2) disc sizes with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.901 and 0.959, respectively. The difference between the predicted DA and planimetric DA was within ±10% in more than 80% of the eyes. Eyes with suspected and normal-tension glaucoma exhibited larger discs (p < 0.01) when evaluated using both DM/DD and DA. The variation in disc-macula distance seemed to be a confounding factor for DM/DD in inferring the precise disc size.Conclusion: DM/DD, which can be easily calculated from various kinds of fundus photographs or images, was an excellent and interchangeable tool for qualitative and quantitative assessment of disc size, which did not require correction for ocular magnification.","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pursher's like retinopathy in a child. Pursher就像小孩的视网膜病变。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Eye Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-03484-5

Manu Sharma, Ramandeep Singh, Deeksha Katoch, Basavaraj Tigari

引用次数: 0

Retinal astrocytoma as a presenting feature of Tuberous sclerosis: a photo essay. 视网膜星形细胞瘤是结节性硬化症的表现特征：一篇摄影文章。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Eye Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-03535-x

Abhishek Gupta, Jayadev Nanda

引用次数: 0

Multimodal imaging of retinal astrocytoma in a patient with tuberous sclerosis. 结节性硬化症患者视网膜星形细胞瘤的多模态成像。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Eye Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-03524-0

Mehmet Ali Sekeroglu, Kemal Tekin

引用次数: 0

Forming cataract surgery partnerships can reduce reversible blindness; an example from the Caribbean. 结成白内障手术伙伴可以减少可逆性失明；一个来自加勒比海的例子。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Eye Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-03479-2

Franka Mohammed, Ronnie Bhola, Anura Bodoe-Bunsee, Hazel Shillingford-Ricketts, Dharmendra Shah

引用次数: 0

The potential role of retinal slip in National Football League (NFL) officiating and its effect on on-field decision making: mechanisms and countermeasures. 视网膜滑动在NFL裁判中的潜在作用及其对场上决策的影响：机制和对策。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Eye Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-03533-z

Nicholas Panzo, Joshua Ong, Hamza Memon, Nicole V Carrabba, Ethan Waisberg, Nasif Zaman, Virginia A Lee, Prithul Sarker, Ashtyn Z Vogt, Noor Laylani, Alireza Tavakkoli, Andrew G Lee

{"title":"The potential role of retinal slip in National Football League (NFL) officiating and its effect on on-field decision making: mechanisms and countermeasures.","authors":"Nicholas Panzo, Joshua Ong, Hamza Memon, Nicole V Carrabba, Ethan Waisberg, Nasif Zaman, Virginia A Lee, Prithul Sarker, Ashtyn Z Vogt, Noor Laylani, Alireza Tavakkoli, Andrew G Lee","doi":"10.1038/s41433-024-03533-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03533-z","url":null,"abstract":"Visual processing involves numerous neuro-ophthalmic pathways that enable humans to perceive and interact with the world. These visual pathways can negatively impact visual perception and decision-making. The Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex (VOR) is a compensatory mechanism that stabilizes gaze on a target during head movement, such as running or turning. However, inadequate VOR stabilization can lead to retinal slip, reducing visual acuity. In the National Football League (NFL), officials require exceptional visual training and performance. NFL officiating utilize rapid visual processing, strategic movements, and precise judgement to make accurate penalty calls in real-time. Retinal slip can adversely affect play calling and penalty assessment by NFL officials. Despite these challenges, NFL officials achieve high precision and accuracy in up to 98.9% of plays. To maintain such high standards, the NFL has implemented a standardized curriculum to mitigate the effects of VOR and retinal slip. This manuscript outlines the basics of VOR function and explores countermeasures to minimize retinal slip in NFL officiating. We believe that these scientific endeavours can improve both penalty assessment accuracy and precision. The use of these general principles might also be potentially applicable to other sports.","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An education-based intervention investigating the accuracy of community-based optometrists evaluating limbal anterior chamber depth. 以教育为基础的干预调查社区验光师评估角膜缘前房深度的准确性。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Eye Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-03492-5

Anish Jindal, Tess Agnew, Dilani Siriwardena, Eleni Nikita, Winifred Nolan

{"title":"An education-based intervention investigating the accuracy of community-based optometrists evaluating limbal anterior chamber depth.","authors":"Anish Jindal, Tess Agnew, Dilani Siriwardena, Eleni Nikita, Winifred Nolan","doi":"10.1038/s41433-024-03492-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03492-5","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In the UK, referrals for suspected primary angle closure (PAC) by community-based optometrists (CBO) to the hospital eye service show moderate accuracy. This study aimed to assess the interobserver agreement of limbal anterior chamber depth (LACD) between CBOs and ophthalmologists and evaluate the impact of an education intervention.Methods: Using a 7-point LACD grading scale, consultant ophthalmologists graded an LACD image dataset developed from 100 patients attending Moorfields Eye Hospital. Two sets of 84 images were utilised for two LACD online assessments. CBO were recruited and undertook assessments before and after a PAC education package (EP) between August 2023 and January 2024.Results: Fifty-two optometrists completed the initial LACD assessment with a median of 19.0 (IQR 9.3-24.8) years post-registration experience. Using the 7-point LACD grading scale, mean weighted kappa (Kw) for pre-EP was moderate, 0.42 (95% CI, 0.36-0.48), increasing to 0.47 (0.42-0.53) post-EP. Conversion to the 4-point grading scale, Kw was substantial, pre-EP 0.61, (0.56-0.66) and post-EP Kw 0.64 (0.58-0.69). An LACD threshold (<25%) sensitivity and specificity pre-EP was 86.0% (79.9-91.3%) and 84.6 (82.3-86.9), respectively. Post-EP sensitivity decreased to 78.2% (74.1-85.1%) (p = 0.049) but specificity increased to 90.4 (88.1-92.8) (p < 0.001).Conclusion: The 4-point LACD grading scale would be more applicable for a case-finding setting. An accessible EP improved agreement and specificity using the joint Royal College of Ophthalmologists/College of Optometrists PAC referral threshold. This EP may reduce false positive PAC referrals and could be rapidly disseminated to CBO. Further research is needed to assess real-world PAC referrals after an education intervention.","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Annual acknowledgement of manuscript reviewers 稿件审稿人的年度确认。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Eye Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-03507-1

引用次数: 0

Colobomatous congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium associated with familial adenomatous polyposis. 先天性结肠瘤性视网膜色素上皮肥大与家族性腺瘤性息肉病有关。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Eye Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-03515-1

Prithvi Ramtohul, Kevin Mairot, Thierry David

引用次数: 0

Edridge Green Lecture 2022-demystifying clinical trials and regulatory approvals in drug development. Edridge Green Lecture 2022-揭秘药物开发中的临床试验和监管批准。

IF 2.8 3区医学

Eye Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-03520-4

Victor Chong

{"title":"Edridge Green Lecture 2022-demystifying clinical trials and regulatory approvals in drug development.","authors":"Victor Chong","doi":"10.1038/s41433-024-03520-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03520-4","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides a comprehensive overview of clinical trial design and regulatory pathways essential for drug development, specifically in the context of retinal diseases. Key concepts include trial structure, efficacy and safety endpoints, and regulatory expectations from agencies like the FDA. It delves into recent regulatory advancements, such as the inclusion of low-luminance vision as a secondary endpoint and analyses case studies from age-related macular degeneration (AMD) trials. Approvals for key retinal drugs, such as ranibizumab and aflibercept, treatments for AMD and diabetic macular oedema, are discussed highlighting criteria like the 15-letter gain/loss in visual acuity as approvable/clinical meaningful efficacy endpoints. Insights into geographic atrophy (GA) and diabetic retinopathy trials showcase the evolving landscape, where anatomical endpoints and new drugs bring fresh challenges and opportunities. It also emphasizes the importance of academic-industry collaboration, citing instances of gene therapy development and innovative endpoint measures like the Multi-Luminance Mobility Test for retinal dystrophies. The overarching aim of this lecture was to demystify the process that spans the design of clinical trials to regulatory approval of drugs so that clinicians understand these complexities. In particular, it is important to understand the reasons behind selection of trial design, inclusion and exclusion criteria, primary and secondary efficacy endpoints and safety endpoints. Since this lecture, there have been important changes in this field including new guidance from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as well as lessons learnt from recent drug approvals that are included in this manuscript.","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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