EyePub Date : 2025-04-15DOI: 10.1038/s41433-025-03792-4
Nir Stanescu, Khaled Khalifa, Roee Arnon, Gilad Rabina, Arie Y Nemet, Itamar Arbel, Noa Geffen, Ori Segal
{"title":"The association between optical density ratio of intraretinal fluid and visual acuity in neovascular age related macular degeneration after 36 months of follow up.","authors":"Nir Stanescu, Khaled Khalifa, Roee Arnon, Gilad Rabina, Arie Y Nemet, Itamar Arbel, Noa Geffen, Ori Segal","doi":"10.1038/s41433-025-03792-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-025-03792-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the prognostic significance of optical density ratio (ODR) of intraretinal fluid (IRF) on best corrected visual acuity (deltaBCVA) in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective study, optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans of treatment-naïve eyes with nAMD treated with anti-VEGF injections were reviewed. ODR of retinal fluid compartments was calculated using strict and flexible methods in each OCT image. We used linear mixed models to investigate the relationship between ODR values on OCT and deltaBCVA after 36 months of follow up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 86 eyes of 78 patients. We found negative associations between strict ODR of IRF (p = 0.02; coef. -0.05, 95% CI -0.10, -0.01), and flexible ODR of IRF (p = 0.03; coef. -0.05, 95% CI -0.10, -0.01), and deltaBCVA after 36 months. ODR of SRF and PED were not significantly associated with deltaBCVA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the largest study to investigate the relationship between ODR in nAMD patients and deltaBCVA. Eyes with higher ODR values of IRF are less likely to have a deterioration in BCVA over 36 months of follow up. ODR could be used as another OCT prognostic biomarker for BCVA in nAMD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143963595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EyePub Date : 2025-04-13DOI: 10.1038/s41433-025-03775-5
Zehua Jiang, Yueyuan Xu, Zhi Wei Lim, Ziyao Wang, Yingxiang Han, Samantha Min Er Yew, Zhe Pan, Qian Wang, Gangyue Wu, Tien Yin Wong, Xiaofei Wang, Yaxing Wang, Yih Chung Tham
{"title":"Comparative performance analysis of global and chinese-domain large language models for myopia.","authors":"Zehua Jiang, Yueyuan Xu, Zhi Wei Lim, Ziyao Wang, Yingxiang Han, Samantha Min Er Yew, Zhe Pan, Qian Wang, Gangyue Wu, Tien Yin Wong, Xiaofei Wang, Yaxing Wang, Yih Chung Tham","doi":"10.1038/s41433-025-03775-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-025-03775-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The performance of global large language models (LLMs), trained largely on Western data, for disease in other settings and languages is unknown. Taking myopia as an illustration, we evaluated the global versus Chinese-domain LLMs in addressing Chinese-specific myopia-related questions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Global LLMs (ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, Google Bard, Llama-2 7B Chat) and Chinese-domain LLMs (Huatuo-GPT, MedGPT, Ali Tongyi Qianwen, and Baidu ERNIE Bot, Baidu ERNIE 4.0) were included. All LLMs were prompted to address 39 Chinese-specific myopia queries across 10 domains. 3 myopia experts evaluated the accuracy of responses with a 3-point scale. \"Good\"-rating responses were further evaluated for comprehensiveness and empathy using a five-point scale. \"Poor\"-rating responses were further prompted for self-correction and re-analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The top 3 LLMs in accuracy were ChatGPT-3.5 (8.72 ± 0.75), Baidu ERNIE 4.0 (8.62 ± 0.62), and ChatGPT-4.0 (8.59 ± 0.93), with highest proportions of 94.8% \"Good\" responses. Top five LLMs with comprehensiveness were ChatGPT-3.5 (4.58 ± 0.42), ChatGPT-4.0 (4.56 ± 0.50), Baidu ERNIE 4.0 (4.44 ± 0.49), MedGPT (4.34 ± 0.59), and Baidu ERNIE Bot (4.22 ± 0.74) (all p ≥ 0.059, versus ChatGPT-3.5). While for empathy were ChatGPT-3.5 (4.75 ± 0.25), ChatGPT-4.0 (4.68 ± 0.32), MedGPT (4.50 ± 0.47), Baidu ERNIE Bot (4.42 ± 0.46), and Baidu ERNIE 4.0 (4.34 ± 0.64) (all p ≥ 0.052, versus ChatGPT-3.5). Baidu ERNIE 4.0 did not receive a \"Poor\" rating, while others demonstrated self-correction capabilities, showing enhancements ranging from 50% to 100%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Global and Chinese-domain LLMs demonstrate effective performance in addressing Chinese-specific myopia-related queries. Global LLMs revealed optimal performance in Chinese-language settings despite primarily training with non-Chinese data and in English.</p>","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143981450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EyePub Date : 2025-04-12DOI: 10.1038/s41433-025-03794-2
Maria Cristina Savastano, Emanuele Crincoli, Alfonso Savastano, Alessandro Gravina, Matteo Mario Carlà, Clara Rizzo, Raphael Kilian, Stanislao Rizzo
{"title":"Comparison of effectiveness of geographic atrophy automatic segmentation with different imaging methods.","authors":"Maria Cristina Savastano, Emanuele Crincoli, Alfonso Savastano, Alessandro Gravina, Matteo Mario Carlà, Clara Rizzo, Raphael Kilian, Stanislao Rizzo","doi":"10.1038/s41433-025-03794-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-025-03794-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare geographic atrophy (GA) size measured with fundus autofluorescence (FAF), near-infrared (N-IR) imaging, retromode (RM) imaging and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) imaging and to compare accuracy of artificial intelligence(AI)-based automatic segmentation of GA with each method.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Available good quality FAF, N-IR- RM and OCTA images acquired on the same date for each patient diagnosed with GA from 2022 to 2024 were retrospectively collected. Seventy(70)% of the images were used to train a Trainable Weka Segmenter (v 3.3.2) based on manual segmentation of GA and spurious areas performed by 2 different blinded expert graders for each of the 4 imaging modalities. For the remaining 30%(testing set), automatic measurement and manual measurement were compared to determine accuracy of the segmentation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 157 eyes were included. Mean ground truth GA area (graders' manual contouring), mean automatic area and mean spurious area of testing set were significantly different with the 4 techniques(respectively p < 0.001, p < 0.001 and p = 0.002). Intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC) between manual and automatic measurements was 0.82 (0.78-0.84) for FAF model, 0.81 (0.78-0.82) for N-IR model, 0.67 (0.64-0.71) for RM model and 0.77 (0.73-0.81) for OCTA model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We report very good performance of automatic segmentation performed on FAF, N-IR and OCTA. A slight overestimation of GA area with automatic measurements would be considered when assessing GA area on FAF and N-IR imaging. RM imaging should not be considered as a valid method for automatic GA area assessment due to superiority of other available enface imaging techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143973547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EyePub Date : 2025-04-12DOI: 10.1038/s41433-025-03777-3
Alan Y Huang, Joshua R Ehrlich, Ali G Hamedani
{"title":"Visual impairment, age-related eye disease, and sleep dysfunction in older adults.","authors":"Alan Y Huang, Joshua R Ehrlich, Ali G Hamedani","doi":"10.1038/s41433-025-03777-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-025-03777-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>The visual system affects circadian rhythms, and both visual and sleep difficulties are common in older adults. This study examines the association between visual impairment, age-related eye disease, and sleep disturbances among older adults in the United States.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study used Round 11 of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS). Vision was assessed using self-report and objective assessments (distance and near acuity, contrast sensitivity). Medicare claims data were used to identify diagnoses of age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and cataract. Primary outcomes included self-reported sleep disturbances, defined by difficulties in sleep initiation, maintenance, and medication use. Logistic regression models were adjusted for demographic and clinical variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 3817 participants (56% female), difficulty with sleep initiation, maintenance, and medication use were reported by 41.7%, 44.2%, and 26.5% of the cohort, respectively. In unadjusted models, self-reported visual difficulty was associated with sleep initiation (OR 1.80, 95% CI: 1.43-2.29) and maintenance difficulties (OR 1.53, 95% CI: 1.16-2.02) and sleep medication use (OR 1.68, 95% CI: 1.27-2.24). After adjusting for covariates, self-reported visual difficulty remained significantly associated with sleep medication use (OR 1.40, 95% CI: 1.00-1.95). Near acuity and contrast sensitivity were associated with sleep initiation difficulties but did not remain significant after adjustment. No associations were found between ophthalmic diagnoses and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Self-reported visual difficulty is associated with increased sleep medication use in older adults. Because visual impairment and sleep medications are associated with falls and cognitive decline, future studies should consider these comorbidity patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143996032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EyePub Date : 2025-04-11DOI: 10.1038/s41433-025-03799-x
Nuwan Niyadurupola, David C Broadway, Tom Eke
{"title":"Complications of cataract surgery in short adult eyes of < 20.5 mm axial length.","authors":"Nuwan Niyadurupola, David C Broadway, Tom Eke","doi":"10.1038/s41433-025-03799-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-025-03799-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The complication rate of cataract surgery in eyes with a short axial length has previously been reported as being high, however previously published studies have had small participant numbers. The aim of the study was to determine the complication rate of cataract surgery in a large cohort of eyes of axial length <20.5 mm undertaken at a tertiary university hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All adult eyes with axial length <20.5 mm having had cataract surgery between 2001 and 2020 at the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital were identified retrospectively. The medical records of the patients meeting the study criteria were accessed to determine complication rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three hundred and sixty-eight consecutive eyes with axial length <20.5 mm were identified. Senior surgeons operated on 89% of eyes and fellows or residents (with at least 3 years of operating experience) operated on 11% of eyes. Intraoperative complications occurred in 4.3% of eyes and the majority of these complications were iris prolapse or iris trauma. Posterior capsule rupture occurred in 0.54% of eyes. There was a slightly higher complication rate for fellows and residents compared with senior surgeons, but this was not statistically significant (p = 0.4). Postoperative complications occurred in 8.2% of eyes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cataract surgery in small eyes can be undertaken safely and with comparatively low complication rates. Cataract surgery carried out by experienced surgeons and their ability to adapt surgical technique to the challenges of eyes with short axial length are fundamental factors to achieving low complication rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EyePub Date : 2025-04-10DOI: 10.1038/s41433-025-03787-1
Sonia B Kim, Jacqueline K Shaia, David C Kaelber, Rishi P Singh, Katherine E Talcott
{"title":"Ocular manifestations in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.","authors":"Sonia B Kim, Jacqueline K Shaia, David C Kaelber, Rishi P Singh, Katherine E Talcott","doi":"10.1038/s41433-025-03787-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-025-03787-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objective: </strong>To provide a large-scale analysis on the demographics and ocular comorbidities in Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) patients in the US.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>This is an exploratory cross-sectional study comparing medical records of EDS patients to the general population on demographic variables and ICD-10 ocular diagnoses. A research platform with de-identified EHR data of over 99 million patients across 60 healthcare organizations was utilized. Groups were stratified by 30-year age groups. Patients aged 0-61+ with an ICD-10 diagnosis of EDS (76,526), the general platform population aged 0-61+ (99,836,639), and patients with a concurrent ICD-10 ocular diagnosis were queried to determine the prevalence of EDS across demographic variables, ocular disease, and odds of ocular disease. Statistical analysis was conducted using Microsoft Excel and R studio, using p < 0.01 and 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An EDS diagnosis was most prevalent in white females aged 0-30 years old (259.6 per 100,000). The majority of ocular diagnoses were more prevalent in the 0-60-year-old EDS population compared to the general population including myopia (5227.0 per 100,000) and dry eye (4211.6 per 100,000). Overall, diagnoses of angioid streaks (POR 18.72, 95% CI 10.32, 33.94) and idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) (POR 18.43, 95% CI 17.51, 19.39) showed the highest increased odds in patients with EDS while significantly decreased odds were shown for type 2 diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and retinal vein occlusion.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EDS was associated with increased odds of having a concurrent ocular pathology, suggesting that, upon diagnosis of EDS, referral to ophthalmology may be valuable.</p>","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantitative automated pupillometry in diabetic patients and correlation with retinal nerve fibre layer thickness.","authors":"Meenakshi Thakar, Samapika Priyadarsini Tripathy, Paromita Dutta, Shruti Bhattacharya, Uttam Dhaka","doi":"10.1038/s41433-025-03793-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-025-03793-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate pupillary function in diabetic patients by automated pupillometry, and to study the correlation between retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness and pupillary parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Diabetic patients underwent detailed systemic and ophthalmic examination including automated pupillometry. The pupillometer used a white stimulus and was equipped with a high-resolution infrared (880 nm) camera. Static pupillary diameters were captured at different levels of background intensity-photopic high (100 cd/m2), photopic low (10 cd/m2), mesopic high (1 cd/m2), and mesopic low (0.1 cd/m2). Dynamic pupillary responses were elicited with white-light flashes (total luminance 100 cd/m2, stimulus on time 200 ms, off time 3300 ms). RNFL thickness was measured using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) RESULTS: The study had 38 diabetic patients with retinopathy (DWR), 27 diabetic patients without retinopathy (DWOR), and 25 healthy controls. Static pupillometry showed significant differences between the three groups. Diabetic patients, both with and without retinopathy had significantly smaller pupillary diameters compared to controls, (p < 0.001). The amplitude of contraction and velocity of contraction was significantly lower in diabetic patients compared to controls (p < 0.001), and between DWR compared to DWOR (p < 0.001). Percent pupillary contraction differed between DWR and controls (p = 0.001) There was a significant difference in superior RNFL thickness between DWR and DWOR (p = 0.032). The superior quadrant RNFL correlated with the maximum number of pupillometry parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The amplitude and velocity of contraction are affected early in diabetic autonomic dysfunction. There is a relationship between RNFL thickness and pupillometry parameters in diabetic patients, indicating simultaneous neurodegeneration and autonomic neuropathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EyePub Date : 2025-04-10DOI: 10.1038/s41433-025-03785-3
Megan Yu, Hannah H Hwang, Andrea L Roberts, Karestan C Koenen, Janey L Wiggs, Louis R Pasquale, Jae H Kang
{"title":"Childhood or adolescent abuse and primary open-angle glaucoma in a longitudinal cohort of women.","authors":"Megan Yu, Hannah H Hwang, Andrea L Roberts, Karestan C Koenen, Janey L Wiggs, Louis R Pasquale, Jae H Kang","doi":"10.1038/s41433-025-03785-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-025-03785-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine associations of childhood/adolescence abuse with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and POAG subtypes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included US female nurse participants from the Nurses' Health Study II (1989-2019). Participants (n = 59,712) were ≥40 years old, reported follow-up eye exams, had no glaucoma, and had early-life adverse experience data. Self-reported childhood/adolescence abuse was assessed in 2001 with the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS) and the 2-item sexual maltreatment scale of the parent-child CTS. We evaluated associations by type (any, physical, sexual) and timing (childhood, adolescence). POAG cases (n = 255) were confirmed and subtyped with medical record review. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Severe childhood/adolescent abuse was reported by 16.5%. There was no association between any childhood/adolescent abuse (HR 1.03; 95% CI: 0.79-1.35), physical abuse, abuse experienced during childhood only or adolescence only, and POAG risk. Compared to no sexual abuse history, any sexual abuse was modestly associated with POAG (HR 1.31; 95% CI: 1.01-1.69). Specifically, we observed adverse associations with sexual abuse for the POAG subtype with paracentral vs. peripheral VF loss (P<sub>heterogeneity</sub> = 0.04). For paracentral POAG, we observed a 1.80-fold higher risk (95% CI: 1.14-2.85) with any sexual abuse history, a 2.38-fold higher risk (95% CI: 1.25-4.53) with a threat of/actual forced sexual activity, and a significant dose-response relationship with increasing severity of sexual abuse (P<sub>trend</sub> = 0.005; P<sub>trend_FDR corrected</sub> = 0.045).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While any childhood/adolescence abuse history was not associated with POAG, the modest adverse associations with early-life sexual abuse history warrant confirmation in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EyePub Date : 2025-04-09DOI: 10.1038/s41433-025-03790-6
Kai-Yang Chen, Hoi-Chun Chan, Chi-Ming Chan
{"title":"Is Botulinum toxin A effective in treating dry eye disease? A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Kai-Yang Chen, Hoi-Chun Chan, Chi-Ming Chan","doi":"10.1038/s41433-025-03790-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-025-03790-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dry eye disease (DED) is a complex condition characterized by tear film instability, inflammation, and neurosensory abnormalities. The efficacy of Botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) in treating DED is unknown. A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases for studies published until December 2024. Inclusion criteria encompassed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs examining BTX-A's effects on DED, with TBUT, Schirmer test scores, tear meniscus height (TMH), and OSDI as primary outcomes. Data were synthesized using fixed and random-effects models, accounting for heterogeneity. Fourteen studies (total n = 634 patients) were included. This meta-analysis evaluates the effectiveness of BTX-A in improving outcomes for DED. In 10 studies with 513 participants, BTX-A significantly improved TBUT by 1.79 s (95% CI: 1.48 to 2.10, p < 0.00001), Schirmer test scores by 3.72 mm (95% CI: 3.50 to 3.95, p < 0.00001), and OSDI scores by -7.51 (95% CI: -10.76 to -4.26, p < 0.00001). TMH increased by 0.10 mm (95% CI: 0.08 to 0.11, p < 0.00001). This meta-analysis demonstrates that BTX-A effectively improves clinical outcomes in DED. Post-treatment, TBUT increased by 1.79 s, Schirmer test scores improved by 3.72 mm, OSDI scores decreased by -7.51 points, and TMH increased by 0.10 mm, reflecting enhanced tear stability, production, and symptom relief. These findings support the use of BTX-A in clinical practice as a promising treatment for DED.</p>","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EyePub Date : 2025-04-09DOI: 10.1038/s41433-025-03700-w
Maher Alsusa, Shakeel Ahmad, Zoe Smith, Sam Evans, Elizabeth Wilkinson, Harry Roberts
{"title":"Correction: High patient acceptance of immediately sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS) as part of a one-stop see-and-treat pathway within an innovative NHS cataract unit.","authors":"Maher Alsusa, Shakeel Ahmad, Zoe Smith, Sam Evans, Elizabeth Wilkinson, Harry Roberts","doi":"10.1038/s41433-025-03700-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-025-03700-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12125,"journal":{"name":"Eye","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144005148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}