Fibers Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.3390/fib11100085

Zeynep Renkler, Iriczalli Cruz Maya, Vincenzo Guarino

{"title":"Optimization of Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Electrospun Fibers with Bioactive or Electroconductive Phases for Tissue-Engineered Scaffolds","authors":"Zeynep Renkler, Iriczalli Cruz Maya, Vincenzo Guarino","doi":"10.3390/fib11100085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fib11100085","url":null,"abstract":"The accurate mimicking of the fibrillary structure of the extracellular matrix represents one of the critical aspects of tissue engineering, playing a significant role in cell behavior and functions during the regenerative process. This work proposed the design of PVA-based multi-component membranes as a valuable and highly versatile strategy to support in vitro regeneration of different tissues. PVA can be successfully processed through electrospinning processes, allowing for the integration of other organic/inorganic materials suitable to confer additive bio-functional properties to the fibers to improve their biological response. It was demonstrated that adding polyethylene oxide (PEO) improves fiber processability; moreover, SEM analyses confirmed that blending PVA with PEO or gelatin enables the reduction of fiber size from 1.527 ± 0.66 μm to 0.880 ± 0.30 μm and 0.938 ± 0.245 μm, respectively, also minimizing defect formation. Furthermore, in vitro tests confirmed that gelatin integration allows the formation of bioactive nanofibers with improved biological response in terms of L929 adhesion and proliferation. Lastly, the processability of PVA fibers with conductive phases such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) has also been verified. From this perspective, they could be promisingly used to design electroactive composite fibers able to support the regeneration process of electrically stimulated tissues such as nerves or muscles.","PeriodicalId":12122,"journal":{"name":"Fibers","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135969647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical Analysis of Dual-Wavelength Tungsten-Tellurite Fiber Raman Lasers with Controllable Mode Switching 可控模式切换双波长钨碲光纤拉曼激光器的数值分析

Fibers Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.3390/fib11100084

Elena A. Anashkina, Alexey V. Andrianov

{"title":"Numerical Analysis of Dual-Wavelength Tungsten-Tellurite Fiber Raman Lasers with Controllable Mode Switching","authors":"Elena A. Anashkina, Alexey V. Andrianov","doi":"10.3390/fib11100084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fib11100084","url":null,"abstract":"Fiber laser sources in the spectral range near 1.7–1.8 μm are in highly demand for a lot of applications. We propose and theoretically investigate a dual-wavelength switchable Raman tungsten-tellurite fiber laser in the 1.7–1.8 µm range which can produce two stable modes at frequencies separated by ~7 THz with a pump at 1.55 µm. The Raman waves shifted by 19.8 THz (mode 1) and 27.5 THz (mode 2) from the pump frequency can be generated near two different maxima of the Raman gain spectrum (gain is higher at 19.8 THz and twice lower at 27.5 THz). We numerically simulate two-mode Raman lasing with allowance for energy transfer from the pump wave to modes 1 and 2, and from mode 1 to mode 2 due to inelastic Raman scattering. Diagrams of generation regimes depending on system parameters are constructed. We demonstrate controlled switching between two modes by changing the pump power. For the same intracavity losses for both Raman modes at relatively low pump powers, only mode 1 is generated. At medium pump power, generation occurs simultaneously in both modes. At relatively high pump power, only mode 2 is generated near the weaker maximum. This effect seems surprising, but a rigorous explanation with allowance for the nonlinear interaction between mode 1 and mode 2 is found. When losses for one of the modes change, switching of the generated regimes is also predicted.","PeriodicalId":12122,"journal":{"name":"Fibers","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136293040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Overcoming Challenges and Limitations Regarding the Atomic Force Microscopy Imaging and Mechanical Characterization of Nanofibers 克服纳米纤维原子力显微镜成像和力学表征的挑战和局限性

Fibers Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.3390/fib11100083

Stylianos Vasileios Kontomaris, Andreas Stylianou, Georgios Chliveros, Anna Malamou

{"title":"Overcoming Challenges and Limitations Regarding the Atomic Force Microscopy Imaging and Mechanical Characterization of Nanofibers","authors":"Stylianos Vasileios Kontomaris, Andreas Stylianou, Georgios Chliveros, Anna Malamou","doi":"10.3390/fib11100083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fib11100083","url":null,"abstract":"Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a powerful tool that enables imaging and nanomechanical properties characterization of biological materials. Nanofibers are the structural units of many biological systems and their role in the development of advanced biomaterials is crucial. AFM methods have proven to be effective towards the characterization of fibers with respect to biological and bioengineering applications at the nanoscale. However, both the topographical and mechanical properties’ nanocharacterizations of single fibers using AFM are challenging procedures. In particular, regarding imaging procedures, significant artifacts may arise from tip convolution effects. The geometrical characteristics of the AFM tip and the nanofibers, and the fact that they have similar magnitudes, may lead to significant errors regarding the topographical imaging. In addition, the determination of the mechanical properties of nanofibers is also challenging due to their small dimensions and heterogeneity (i.e., the elastic half-space assumption is not valid in most cases). This review elucidates the origins of errors in characterizing individual nanofibers, while also providing strategies to address limitations in experimental procedures and data processing.","PeriodicalId":12122,"journal":{"name":"Fibers","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135093076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preparation and Characterization of Poliglecaprone-Incorporated Polycaprolactone Composite Fibrous Scaffolds 聚己内酯复合纤维支架的制备与表征

Fibers Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.3390/fib11100082

Felix Tettey, Jaclynn Siler-Dearring, Alexis Moody, Narayan Bhattarai

{"title":"Preparation and Characterization of Poliglecaprone-Incorporated Polycaprolactone Composite Fibrous Scaffolds","authors":"Felix Tettey, Jaclynn Siler-Dearring, Alexis Moody, Narayan Bhattarai","doi":"10.3390/fib11100082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fib11100082","url":null,"abstract":"Electrospun fibrous scaffolds made from polymers such as polycaprolactone (PCL) have been used in drug delivery and tissue engineering for their viscoelasticity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and tunability. Hydrophobicity and the prolonged degradation of PCL causes inhibition of the natural tissue-remodeling processes. Poliglecaprone (PGC), which consists of PCL and Poly (glycolic acid) (PGA), has better mechanical properties and a shorter degradation time compared to PCL. A blend between PCL and PGC called PPG can give enhanced shared properties for biomedical applications. In this study, we fabricated a blend of PCL and PGC nanofibrous scaffold (PPG) at different ratios of PGC utilizing electrospinning. We studied the physicochemical and biological properties, such as morphology, crystallinity, surface wettability, degradation, surface functionalization, and cellular compatibility. All PPG scaffolds exhibited good uniformity in fiber morphology and improved mechanical properties. The surface wettability and degradation studies confirmed that increasing PGC in the PPG composites increased hydrophilicity and scaffold degradation respectively. Cell viability and cytotoxicity results showed that the scaffold with PGC was more viable and less toxic than the PCL-only scaffolds. PPG fibers were successfully coated with polydopamine (PDA) and collagen to improve degradation, biocompatibility, and bioactivity. The nanofibrous scaffolds synthesized in this study can be utilized for tissue engineering applications such as for regeneration of human articular cartilage regeneration and soft bones.","PeriodicalId":12122,"journal":{"name":"Fibers","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135864786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Petrography, Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Serpentinite Rocks Exploited in the Ophiolite Units at the Calabria-Basilicata Boundary, Southern Apennine (Italy) 意大利南亚平宁卡拉布里亚-巴西利卡塔边界蛇绿岩单元蛇纹岩岩石学、地球化学和矿物学研究

Fibers Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.3390/fib11100081

Giovanna Rizzo, Roberto Buccione, Marilena Dichicco, Rosalda Punturo, Giovanni Mongelli

{"title":"Petrography, Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Serpentinite Rocks Exploited in the Ophiolite Units at the Calabria-Basilicata Boundary, Southern Apennine (Italy)","authors":"Giovanna Rizzo, Roberto Buccione, Marilena Dichicco, Rosalda Punturo, Giovanni Mongelli","doi":"10.3390/fib11100081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fib11100081","url":null,"abstract":"A multi-analytical study on serpentinites in the ophiolite units (Calabria-Basilicata boundary, southern Apennines) was carried out on samples collected from a serpentinite quarry, locally called “Pietrapica”, which sitsin the Pollino UNESCO Global Geopark. Optical microscopy observations revealed the petrographic characteristics, ICP-MS was used to assess the chemical composition while EMPA mineral chemistry, Raman spectroscopy and X-Ray Powder Diffraction and were used altogether to trace the mineral composition of the rocks. Petrography revealed that serpentinites from Pietrapica quarry are essentially composed of serpentine group minerals, amphibole and carbonate minerals with lower abundances of talc and Cr-spinel. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction analysis clearly allowed to establish that carbonate minerals, serpentine and amphibole-like minerals, are the dominant phases, followed by 2:1 phyllosilicate. Electron probe microanalyses were carried out on different minerals in serpentinites samples including serpentine, amphibole, chlorite, clinopyroxene, magnetite, talc, quartz and titanite which are often associated with carbonate veins. Bulk geochemistry is dominated by major oxides SiO2, MgO and Fe2O3 while the most abundant trace elements are Ni and Cr. Chemical analysis showed that some heavy metals in the studied serpentinites such as Ni and Cr, are beyond the maximum admissible limits for Italian normative for public, private and residential green as well as for commercial and industrial use representing a potential environmental concern. Anyway, some of these heavy metals have been recently listed by Europe as critical raw materials and therefore, the Pietrapica abandoned quarry could represent a new resource considering their economic potentiality.","PeriodicalId":12122,"journal":{"name":"Fibers","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135966109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application of Organosilicon Modifier Based on Tetraethoxysilane for the Production of Heat-Resistant Chrysotile Fibers and Reinforced Cement Composites 基于四乙氧基硅烷的有机硅改性剂在耐热温石棉纤维和增强水泥复合材料中的应用

Fibers Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.3390/fib11100080

Roman Nikolaevich Yastrebinsky, Vyacheslav Ivanovich Pavlenko, Anna Viktorovna Yastrebinskaya, Andrey Ivanovich Gorodov, Anastasia Vladislavovna Akimenko

{"title":"Application of Organosilicon Modifier Based on Tetraethoxysilane for the Production of Heat-Resistant Chrysotile Fibers and Reinforced Cement Composites","authors":"Roman Nikolaevich Yastrebinsky, Vyacheslav Ivanovich Pavlenko, Anna Viktorovna Yastrebinskaya, Andrey Ivanovich Gorodov, Anastasia Vladislavovna Akimenko","doi":"10.3390/fib11100080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fib11100080","url":null,"abstract":"This research is aimed at obtaining boron-containing nanotubular chrysotile fibers with increased neutron absorption capacity. The possibility of using an organosilicon modifier based on tetraethoxysilane to increase the hydrothermal stability of chrysotile, as well as the strength of nanoreinforced composites based on a cement binder is considered. The mechanisms for the synthesis of heat-resistant nanotubular fibers of the composition Mg6(OH)8SiB4O10, which have a chrysotile structure, have been established. To increase the hydrothermal stability of chrysotile, crystalline hydrate phases were localized inside nanotubes using amorphous silica formed as a result of hydrolysis of silicon alkoxide under hydrothermal conditions in an alkaline environment. The modification of chrysotile via amorphous silica increases its hydrothermal stability by 97 °C. It is shown that the introduction of an organosilicon modifier based on tetraethoxysilane into the composition of Portland cement composite material leads to an increase in the structural strength and density of the composite due to the activation of silicate formation processes in the cement matrix, especially under hydrothermal conditions. The experiments showed that the strength of silicon alkoxide-modified samples of composite material increased by 34%.","PeriodicalId":12122,"journal":{"name":"Fibers","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136094252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Solution Blow Spinning to Prepare Preferred Oriented Poly(ethylene oxide) Submicrometric Fibers 溶液吹丝制优定向聚环氧乙烷亚微米纤维

Fibers Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.3390/fib11090079

Javier González-Benito, Miguel A. Lorente, Dania Olmos, Ana Kramar

{"title":"Solution Blow Spinning to Prepare Preferred Oriented Poly(ethylene oxide) Submicrometric Fibers","authors":"Javier González-Benito, Miguel A. Lorente, Dania Olmos, Ana Kramar","doi":"10.3390/fib11090079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fib11090079","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, materials with potential biomedical applications constituted by fibrous poly(ethylene oxide), PEO, are prepared by solution blow spinning (SBS). The SBS setup has a cylindrical collector for which the rotational speed and size are varied to study its effect on the final morphology of the materials. The morphology is inspected using field emission scanning electron microscopy and studied using image analysis. As a result, many doubts were generated because of the use of different methods of image analysis, therefore a simpler and more conventional method using Image J open-source software was used to ensure the accuracy of the final interpretation. It is shown that fiber size and orientation depend on the linear speed associated with the surface of the collector more than on its rotational speed; therefore, it can be said that the morphology of materials prepared by SBS will depend on the size, shape, and rotational speed of the collector. When the linear speed of the cylindrical collector increases, fibers get thinner, less entangled, and more oriented. It is clear, therefore, that the linear speed of material collection by solution blow spinning is a very important parameter of processing to control the final morphology of materials manufactured by that method. Since morphology can affect the final properties of the materials the simple variation of the linear speed might have important implications on their final performance for different biomedical applications.","PeriodicalId":12122,"journal":{"name":"Fibers","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136129539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Review of Out-of-Plane Strengthening Techniques of Unreinforced Masonry Walls 未加筋砌体墙面外加固技术综述

Fibers Pub Date : 2023-09-19 DOI: 10.3390/fib11090078

Athanasia K. Thomoglou, Jagadesh Palanisamy, Maristella E. Voutetaki

{"title":"Review of Out-of-Plane Strengthening Techniques of Unreinforced Masonry Walls","authors":"Athanasia K. Thomoglou, Jagadesh Palanisamy, Maristella E. Voutetaki","doi":"10.3390/fib11090078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fib11090078","url":null,"abstract":"When a seismic load is applied horizontally or laterally on unreinforced masonry walls (URM), the walls behave in two different ways, viz., in-plane (IP) and out-of-plane (OoP). This review beneficially provides a literature overview of the most cited research papers on Scopus, and the database is evaluated with VOSviewer software for scientometric analysis. This review paper delves into the practical applications of various types of reinforcement for masonry walls, specifically focusing on four commonly used systems: externally bonded strengthening techniques using fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP), steel-reinforced grout (SRG), fabric-reinforced cementitious mortar (FRCM), and textile-reinforced mortars (TRM). The main objective of the paper is to explore the efficacy of these reinforcement techniques in strengthening masonry walls, and to provide a comprehensive overview of their respective advantages and limitations. A further detailed study of the extent of the literature is performed about the effect of the different strengthening systems on the mechanical properties of different categories of masonry walls like a cement block, stone, and clay brick are described and categorized. The efficiency of OoP strengthening can depend on various factors, such as the types of masonry units, the rendering mortar, the type of strengthening system, the bond between the different materials interfaces, the geometry of the wall, and the loading conditions. By utilizing the practical method of Dematel (Decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory) analysis, this review can delve deeply into the impact of various factors and precisely identify the crucial components of the cause-and-effect connection. The results indicate that the bond between material interfaces is the critical factor. This meticulous and structured review offers valuable perspectives for researchers and engineers, showcasing current research trends and presenting potential avenues for future exploration.","PeriodicalId":12122,"journal":{"name":"Fibers","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135010752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Flexural Properties of Thin-Walled Specimens with Square Hollow Sections 3D Printed from ABS Reinforced with Aramid Fibers 用芳纶纤维增强ABS 3D打印方形空心截面薄壁试件的弯曲性能

Fibers Pub Date : 2023-09-17 DOI: 10.3390/fib11090077

Jerzy Bochnia, Tomasz Kozior, Mateusz Musialek

引用次数: 0

Innovative and Sustainable Composite Material for the Seismic and Energetic Upgrade of Historic Masonry Buildings 创新和可持续的复合材料，用于历史砖石建筑的抗震和能量升级

Fibers Pub Date : 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.3390/fib11090076

Dora Pugliese, Valerio Alecci, Rosa Romano, Gianfranco Stipo, Mario De Stefano, Antonio Nanni

引用次数: 0

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