Food & Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"Zinc – a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023","authors":"Tor A. Strand, Maria Mathisen","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.10368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v67.10368","url":null,"abstract":"<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !important; float: none;\">Zinc is essential for several biological processes including those critical for the immune system, DNA synthesis, cell division, and growth. Zinc is involved in the pathophysiology of chronic diseases and protects proteins and lipids from oxidative damage. Inadequate zinc intake and low plasma zinc concentration are associated to an increased risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes; however, the evidence is limited. Zinc deficiency increases the risk of infections and poor growth and may contribute to the high burden of infectious diseases and stunting in children living in low- and middle-income countries. The risk of zinc deficiency in the populations of the Nordic and Baltic countries is low.</span></p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138545186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chromium – a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023","authors":"Christine Henriksen, Susanne Bügel","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.10325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v67.10325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !important; float: none;\">Trivalent chromium (CrIII) is the principal form of chromium found in diet and supplements. CrIII has been claimed to be involved in the regulation of carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism. Hexavalent chromium (CrVI) is a carcinogen when inhaled, which is uncommon, and occurs mainly by occupational exposures. There is a concern about adverse health effects also from exposure to CrVI by contaminated drinking water, although data from human studies are limited. Chromium had no recommendation in the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR) 2012 and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) did not set any reference values either. Methods for evaluating chromium status are lacking, and there is still uncertainty about how chromium deficiency in humans manifests itself. The essentiality of chromium is also disputed. This scoping review revealed new research activity relating to high-dose chromium supplements and several health outcomes (overweight, obesity, and diabetes). Although these issues are related to health concerns in the Nordic or Baltic countries, the relevance for the NNR is modest, since such a high intake of chromium cannot be achieved by diet. Thus, no strong evidence was identified in the scientific literature that justifies a recommendation for chromium intake.</span></p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138548414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnesium: a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023","authors":"Christine Henriksen, Jan Olav Aaseth","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.10314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v67.10314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !important; float: none;\">Magnesium is a divalent ion involved in a range of biochemical reactions and cellular functions. The metabolism and requirements for magnesium are still insufficiently understood. In the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations from 2012, a recommended intake was set based on balance studies. However, the average requirement (AR) was not set. Functional indicators of magnesium status have been lacking. This scoping review reveals new research activity related to the beneficial effect of magnesium intake on several health outcomes (cardiovascular disease, diabetes and some cancers). Based on meta-analyses of cohort studies and Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), as well as on plausible mechanisms, a causal association is suggested. However, the optimal intake cannot be set based on these study designs and no new balance studies were found.</span></p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138540634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidants and phytochemicals – a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023","authors":"Mari C. W. Myhrstad, Alicja Wolk","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.10324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v67.10324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !important; float: none;\">Antioxidants are a collection of substances that may prevent or delay the oxidation of cellular components. The antioxidant defense system includes both endogenously produced antioxidants and dietary antioxidants. The consumption of dietary antioxidants has long been speculated to be important for the defense against cellular oxidation, inflammation, and other disease-related processes. In addition to the well-known dietary antioxidants, such as vitamin C, vitamin E, β-carotene, and selenium, whole plants and plant-products contain numerous compounds, called phytochemicals, with antioxidant properties. These phytochemicals are potentially important modulators of oxidative stress and have been linked to health beneficial effects. However, the mechanisms underlying these potential health beneficial effects are not well understood. Foods containing high levels of phytochemicals with antioxidant properties include berries, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and nuts and seeds. The aim of this scoping review is to describe the evidence of the role of specific antioxidants and phytochemicals, but not foods rich in these substances, for health outcomes. Based on a literature search from 2011 to March 2022, we identified eight meta-analyses related to the current topic. These studies include evidence of the effect of resveratrol (present mainly in berries, grapes, and peanuts) on health outcomes related to cardiometabolic risk, blood pressure, obesity, oxidative stress, adipokines, inflammation, and bone quality. In summary, resveratrol did elicit several health beneficial effects. However, the magnitude of effects was low, and whether the effects are related to the redox properties of resveratrol is not known. Even though there is a large body of evidence linking a plant-based diet rich in antioxidants and phytochemicals to beneficial health effects, the role of specific antioxidants and phytochemicals is still unclear.</span></p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138540660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of EAT-Lancet Planetary Health Diet or Finnish Nutrition Recommendations with changes in obesity measures: a follow-up study in adults","authors":"Tiina Suikki, Mirkka Maukonen, Niina E. Kaartinen, Kennet Harald, Sari Bäck, Laura Sares-Jäske, Tommi Härkänen, Seppo Koskinen, Pekka Jousilahti, Anne-Maria Pajari, Satu Männistö","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v67.9107","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Background&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt;&nbsp;Knowledge on the association between the EAT-&lt;em&gt;Lancet&lt;/em&gt;&nbsp;Planetary Health Diet (PHD) or the Finnish Nutrition recommendations (FNR) and anthropometric changes is scarce. Especially, the role of the overall diet quality, distinct from energy intake, on weight changes needs further examination.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Objectives&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt;&nbsp;To examine the association between diet quality and weight change indicators and to develop a dietary index based on the PHD adapted for the Finnish food culture.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Methods&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt;&nbsp;The study population consisted of participants of two Finnish population-based studies (&lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;&nbsp;= 4,371, 56% of women, aged 30−74 years at baseline). Dietary habits at the baseline were assessed with a validated food frequency questionnaire including 128−130 food items. We developed a Planetary Health Diet Score (PHDS) (including 13 components) and updated the pre-existing Recommended Finnish Diet Score (uRFDS) (including nine components) with energy density values to measure overall diet quality. Weight, height, and waist circumference (WC), and the body mass index (BMI) were measured at the baseline and follow-up, and their percentual changes during a 7-year follow-up were calculated. Two-staged random effects linear regression was used to evaluate β-estimates with 95% confidence intervals.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: sta","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"207 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138540633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copper – a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023","authors":"Christine Henriksen, Erik Kristoffer Arnesen","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.10322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v67.10322","url":null,"abstract":"<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !important; float: none;\">Copper functions as a structural component in many proteins involved in energy and iron metabolism, production of neurotransmitters, formation of connective tissue and endogenous antioxidant defence. Several biochemical indices have been suggested and used to assess copper status, but none of these has been found suitable for the detection of marginal copper deficiency or marginal copper toxicity. Copper imbalances have been linked to the pathogenesis of several chronic inflammatory diseases. During the last decade, a number of meta-analyses and systematic reviews have been published shedding light on the association between copper imbalances and some of these pathologies. Most of these meta-analyses are based on case–control studies. All show that blood copper concentrations are higher in cases than in controls, but there is inconclusive evidence to change the recommendations.</span></p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138540641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy – a scoping review for the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023 project","authors":"Lieselotte Cloetens, Lars Ellegård","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.10233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v67.10233","url":null,"abstract":"We need energy intake to provide energy and nutrients to our cells. The amount of daily energy intake should aim for energy balance, which results in good health. Under- or overconsumption of total daily energy over a longer period leads to increased risk of diseases. In this scoping review, the components of daily energy requirement are defined. Several methods to estimate energy requirements and the amount of total daily energy intake (kJ) related to health are also discussed. Reference values for energy intake in children, adults and pregnant and postpartum women, and older adults are evaluated.&#x0D; Results show that it is challenging to set reference values for energy intake since existing methods are not accurate and precise, and there are several factors that influence the estimated amount of energy. Energy requirement is increased during growth as in childhood, pregnancy and lactation. We conclude that more research in this area is needed, and that new high-quality studies in both Nordic and Baltic countries are needed to obtain new recommendation numbers for energy intake.","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"42 13","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134900798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thiamin (Vitamin B&gt;sub&gt;1&gt;/sub&gt;) – A scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023","authors":"Hanna Sara Strandler, Tor A. Strand","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.10290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v67.10290","url":null,"abstract":"Only a few studies have explored relationships between thiamine intake and function, and a few studies have examined the effects of supplements on various clinical or biochemical outcomes. None of these studies, however, makes a useful contribution to understanding requirements in healthy populations. The requirement of thiamine relates to energy and carbohydrate intake. Clinical signs of deficiency have been observed at intakes below 0.5 mg/day, which corresponds to 0.05 mg/MJ. In other studies, thiamine excretion in the urine and normalisation of enzyme activity were normalised at intakes of 0.07–0.08 mg/MJ. The lower limit of intake thus estimates at 0.05 mg/MJ. It has not been possible to set a safe upper intake level for thiamine due to a lack of data.&#x0D; Studies on pregnant and lactating women indicate a higher requirement as assessed by biochemical parameters. A few studies indicate that thiamine utilisation is impaired among elderly subjects.","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"53 16","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136347618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D – a scoping review for Nordic nutrition recommendations 2023","authors":"Magritt Brustad, Haakon E. Meyer","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.10230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v67.10230","url":null,"abstract":"Vitamin D is an essential nutrient. Its role in calcium and phosphorous metabolism, and in the development and maintenance of a healthy skeleton is well documented. In addition, there is some evidence for vitamin D decreasing total mortality and cancer mortality modestly, but not cancer incidence. Vitamin D is unique, as both diet and sun induced production in skin are sources to this vitamin. Individual vitamin D status is thus a sum of both sun exposure and dietary intakes. The discovery of vitamin D receptors and the activation of biological active vitamin D in numerous tissues and organs in the body has given support to hypothesis on vitamin D having extra-skeletal functions. The scientific literature on vitamin D and several health outcomes is high in numbers and has been increasing exponentially the last two decades. However, despite this large body of scientific publications and improvement in study quality, vitamin D supplementation has not shown to give additional health benefits when status is in sufficient range (i.e. circulating 25 hydroxyvitamin D &gt;50 nmol/L). Well-designed studies on insufficient or deficient individuals are lacking.&#x0D; The totality of evidence does not support that increased intake of vitamin D beyond current recommendation will have additional beneficial health effects.","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"51 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136348450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluid and water balance: a scoping review for the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023","authors":"Per Ole Iversen, Mikael Fogelholm","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v67.9975","url":null,"abstract":"Water, being an essential nutrient, is crucial for all life. Adequate maintenance of body water compartments is required for optimal fluid balance, which is a prerequisite for cellular homeostasis and blood pressure regulation. Water balance is the result of dietary intake of both fluids and foods as well as metabolically produced water, excretion from the kidneys and losses from other sources (e.g. sweat and feces). The water content in food items varies considerably and ranges from about 5% in nuts to 90% in many fruits and vegetables. Intake of drinking water and beverages also provides varying amounts of water. In everyday life assessment of water balance (i.e. hydration status) is challenging as clinical observations are inaccurate. There is no data regarding drinking water intake in the Nordic or Baltic countries.","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"50 19","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136348458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}