Food & Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"Seasonal variations in the connection between tomato consumption and all-cause and cardio-cerebrovascular mortality.","authors":"Jiayin Lin, Jie Li, Lili Wang, Ming Cui, Liang Chen","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12302","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tomatoes have full of nutritional value as well as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. It contains substances such as lycopene and micronutrients that are beneficial to human health. Tomato consumption has been associated with reduced mortality, but the role of seasonal intake is not well understood. To address this gap, we investigated the association between in-season and off-season tomato consumption and all-cause as well as cardio-cerebrovascular mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study enrolled 6,260 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The endpoint events were all-cause and cardio-cerebrovascular mortality within 10 years. Cox proportional hazards analyses and competing risk modeling were employed to evaluate the influences of total and seasonal tomato consumption. Further studies were conducted on the relationship between lycopene intake and all-cause and cardio-cerebrovascular mortality over 10 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fresh tomato consumption was significantly associated with lower all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.45-0.87, <i>P</i> = 0.005). Moderate in-season consumption (once a week to once a day) was linked to a further reduction in all-cause mortality (HR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.24-0.95, <i>P</i> = 0.034). Conversely, off-season consumption was associated with decreased cardio-cerebrovascular mortality (subhazard ratio [SHE] = 0.43, 95%CI: 0.23-0.79, <i>P</i> = 0.006). Moderate ketchup intake (< 1 time/day) lowered both all-cause and cardio-cerebrovascular mortality, whereas tomato juice conferred no significant survival benefit, and higher daily consumption may negate potential advantages. Elevated total and trans lycopene concentrations were also correlated with reduced mortality risks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tomato consumption in different seasons shows different results with mortality: in-season intake corresponds to decreased all-cause mortality, whereas off-season intake is related to a lower risk of cardio-cerebrovascular mortality. These findings underscore the importance of considering seasonal dietary patterns in nutritional recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12499685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145244006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Egg yolk phosphopeptides exhibit potent osteogenic activity over ordinary egg yolk peptides in MC3T3-E1 cells","authors":"Junhua Li, Hanqi Chen, Wenhui Feng, Luping Gu, Yujie Su, Yanjun Yang, Cuihua Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.fnutr.2025.100040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fnutr.2025.100040","url":null,"abstract":"As osteoporosis and related bone disorders continue to rise in prevalence, identifying bioactive components that enhance osteoblast function has emerged as a key priority in nutritional and bone health research. In this context, the present study compared the effects of egg yolk peptides (EYP) and egg yolk phosphopeptides (EYPP) on osteoblast differentiation and mineralization using MC3T3-E1 Subclone 14 cells, by evaluating alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralized nodule formation, and their structural properties (e.g., phosphorus content, amino acid composition). Results showed distinct molecular differences: EYPP had a significantly higher phosphorus content (2.23% vs. 0.45% in EYP) and distinct amino acid composition, particularly a higher proportion of phosphorylated serine and small molecular weight peptides (<1000 Da). Functionally, EYPP showed a stronger concentration-dependent promotion of ALP activity during early osteoblast induction. Specifically, the 0.8 mg/mL EYPP group increasing ALP activity by 18.75%, 14.47%, and 7.91% at 3, 7, and 14 days, respectively. These effects were more pronounced than those of EYP, whose promoting effect weakened over time. In mineralization, alizarin red staining revealed that 0.8 mg/mL EYPP significantly enhanced mineralized nodule formation, with its absorbance being 8-fold higher than the control at 14 days, whereas EYP showed minimal effect until 21 days. These findings highlight EYPP as a more potent promoter of osteoblast differentiation and mineralization compared to EYP. • EYPP is more osteogenic than EYP in MC3T3-E1 via ALP promotion. • EYPP enhances mineralized nodule formation more effectively than EYP. • EYPP's superiority is due to higher phosphorus and distinct amino acids.","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"1 2","pages":"100040-100040"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147890798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to the EAT-lancet dietary pattern among older adults in Rwanda and its association with micronutrient intake.","authors":"Theogene Habumugisha, Anna Stubbendorff, Penias Tembo, Eric Matsiko, Inger Elisabeth Måren, Matthias Kaiser, Karin Borgonjen-van den Berg, Alida Melse-Boonstra, Ingunn M S Engebretsen, Jutta Dierkes","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12174","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sub-Saharan Africa is facing a dietary transition with both undernutrition and rising rates of non-communicable diseases. Adopting the reference diet proposed by the EAT-Lancet Commission can reduce both the environmental burden and improve health outcomes. However, whether this diet provides micronutrient adequacy in older adults in low-income settings has not been investigated. This study examines adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet and its association with micronutrient intake among older adults in the Gasabo district, Kigali, Rwanda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study involved 334 older adults aged 55-93 years from Kigali, Rwanda. Dietary intake was assessed using two non-consecutive 24-h recalls, and socio-demographic data were collected through interviews. Adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet was evaluated using a 42-point index based on food group consumption and micronutrient intake was analyzed in relation to adherence tertiles. Multivariable regression models, adjusted for age, sex, and energy intake, were used to assess associations between diet adherence and micronutrient intake.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The EAT-Lancet adherence score ranged from 13 to 36, with a mean of 24. Higher adherence was associated with increased consumption of whole grains, vegetables, fish, and nuts, while red meat, dairy, and poultry intake declined. Adherence was positively associated with energy intake and intake of retinol-equivalents, thiamine, niacin, folate, vitamins B12 and D, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, and zinc. When adjusting for energy intake, the association with zinc and potassium became non-significant and the association with riboflavin became negative.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet was associated with higher intake of energy and several micronutrients important for healthy aging in this population of predominantly older, poor adults in Kigali. However, the potential for nutrient gaps, particularly in riboflavin, highlights the need for context-specific dietary adaptations to ensure nutritional adequacy in older populations in Rwanda.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12413755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145014220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing processing conditions for crispy pork: A comparative study on frying and air baking focusing on heterocyclic amine formation and sensory attributes","authors":"Zhong‐Ce Hu, Tian Yang, Weiben Ge, Jinghui Chen, Yu Wang, Chaoyang Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.fnutr.2025.100036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fnutr.2025.100036","url":null,"abstract":"High-temperature processing of meat products is prone to the formation of heterocyclic amines (HAAs), substances with potential carcinogenic risks. However, the regulatory mechanisms of HAAs in frying and air baking, as the main processing methods, are not yet well understood. This study systematically compares the effects of frying (140–220 ​°C, 180–260 ​s) and air baking (160–200 ​°C, 12–20 ​min) on the formation of HAAs, physicochemical properties, and sensory qualities of crispy fried pork. The HAA content was quantified by UPLC-MS/MS, and the mechanisms were revealed through electronic nose, low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR), and texture analysis. The results showed that the total HAA content in fried samples was significantly higher than that in air-baked samples, but carcinogenic HAAs (IQ, MeIQx) were only stably detected in the baked samples (2.46–2.83 ​ng/g), which is attributed to the fact that baking requires 4–5 times more time than frying to achieve similar color and texture, allowing for the complete transformation of precursor substances (creatinine, glucose). Sensory and instrumental analyses indicated that the fried samples exhibited a stronger Maillard reaction, with aldehyde (S2 sensor response value 58.2 vs. 27.4 a.u.) and sulfur compound (S4 sensor 42.7 vs. 18.9 a.u.) levels 2.1 times higher than those in the baked samples. LF-NMR confirmed that the fried samples retained more bound water, significantly enhancing juiciness. Considering both HAA control (<50 ​ng/g) and sensory characteristics, frying at 180 ​°C for 180–220 ​s was identified as the optimal processing method. • Frying is 4–5 times more efficient than air baking for the same texture results. • Frying (180 ​°C 220 ​s) is the best process condition for crispy fried pork. • Air baking contains more carcinogenic HAAs.","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"1 2","pages":"100036-100036"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147879483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties in honey, pollen and propolis according to regional and <i>Apis mellifera</i> genotypes.","authors":"Semiramis Karlıdağ","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12234","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Honey, bee pollen and propolis are natural apicultural products whose chemical composition and biological activities are influenced by the floral characteristics of the regions in which they are produced. In this study, the phenolic profiles and antioxidant properties of honey, pollen and propolis samples collected from two distinct altitudinal zones (Yamadağ and Battalgazi) and derived from two different bee genotypes (<i>Apis mellifera caucasica</i> and <i>Apis mellifera carnica</i>) were systematically compared.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The phenolic content of the ethanol extracts was quantified in terms of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). The phenolic composition was identified using HPLC-PDA (high-performance liquid chromatography - photodiode array detector), calibrated with 26 phenolic standards. The antioxidant activity was assessed using the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and diphenylpicrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings of this study demonstrate that both regional flora and bee genotype significantly affect the phenolic composition and antioxidant capacities of these bee products. Specifically, <i>A. m. carnica</i> was found to be more influential for pollen production, while <i>A. m. caucasica</i> exhibited greater significance in propolis. Furthermore, the results highlighted that, in terms of phenolic content and antioxidant potential, propolis exhibited approximately 300 times the richness of honey and 20 times the richness of pollen.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Thus, the phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of bee products vary depending on factors such as regional flora, bee genotype and geographical location.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12320770/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144783890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deodorization of Oviductus ranae: Establishment of ultrasound-composite natural products method","authors":"Yu Wang, Weiben Ge, Haixuan Sun, Jinghui Chen, Zhong‐Ce Hu, Guandong Fang, Wenping Lv, Hongxin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fnutr.2025.100022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fnutr.2025.100022","url":null,"abstract":"Oviductus ranae (OR) is often used in health food and preparation of delicious dishes, but its fishy odor seriously affects its quality. In this study, we aimed to develop an efficient deodorization method for OR, and systematically evaluated the effects of ultrasound treatment (UA), rosemary/asparagus extract treatment (AR) and its combined ultrasound-plant extract treatment (UAR) on the deodorization of fishy substances and the oxidative stability of fats/proteins in the OR. The results of GC-MS showed that the three treatments, namely, UA, AR and UAR, could significantly (p ​< ​0.05) reduce the content of the main fishy substances (aldehydes, ketones and alcohols) in the OR). content of the main fishy substances (aldehydes, ketones and alcohols) in the OR, with the UAR treatment having the best deodorizing effect. Compared with the control group, UAR treatment significantly reduced the contents of nonanal, octanal, hexanal and hexanol, the main fishy substances, by 71.3 ​%, 86.0 ​%, 25.2 ​% and 50.0 ​%, respectively. Meanwhile, UAR treatment significantly improved the oxidative stability of the product: the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS, secondary products of lipid oxidation) value was reduced by 60.0 ​% compared with that of the control group, indicating that the lipid oxidation was effectively inhibited; the total sulfhydryl content was significantly increased by 26.5 ​%, suggesting that the oxidative damage of proteins was significantly reduced. The intelligent sensory analysis of the electronic nose and electronic tongue further confirmed the superiority of UAR treatment, and its deodorization effect was significantly better than that of single UA or AR (p ​< ​0.05). In conclusion, UAR not only significantly reduced the main fishy substances of OR, but also effectively inhibited lipid and protein oxidation during processing, which laid a solid foundation for the improvement of the quality of OR and the development of high-value products.","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"1 2","pages":"100022-100022"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147894344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between low-carbohydrate diet and chronic kidney disease in population with gestational diabetes mellitus history: based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database.","authors":"Junli Zhang, Youlian Dong","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.10986","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.10986","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common metabolic complications during pregnancy, and is associated with a significantly increased risk of postpartum chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) is recommended for glycaemic management in GDM patients, its long-term impact on kidney health remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To address this knowledge gap, this study aimed to investigate the association between LCD and the risk of CKD in women with a history of GDM, providing evidence for optimising postpartum dietary intervention strategies.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>GDM data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database (2009-2018) were used, with LCD as an independent variable and CKD as a dependent variable. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to investigate factors related to CKD. Stratified and sub-group analyses were conducted to investigate association of LCD with CDK. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) were utilised to analyse non-linear relationship between the two variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 701 samples in all (CKD: <i>n</i> = 130; non-CKD: <i>n</i> = 571). The LCD score and CKD risk were shown to have a significant positive association (Odds Ratio [OR] > 1, <i>P</i> < 0.05) in multivariate weighted logistic regression model. The link between LCD score and CKD was strongly impacted by race, body mass index (BMI), and smoking status (<i>P</i> for interaction < 0.05). In patients who presently smoke and use alcohol, stratified analysis showed a substantial positive correlation (<i>P</i> < 0.05) between LCD score and CKD risk. RCSs curve indicated a potential linear relationship (<i>P</i>-non-linear = 0.9561) between risk of LCD and CKD, with an LCD score of 10 serving as the criterion threshold for CKD risk and OR < 1 when LCD < 10, signifying a protective factor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among women with GDM, higher LCD scores showed a significant positive correlation with CKD risk, particularly in sub-groups with smoking or alcohol consumption habits. The study suggests the need for careful evaluation of the long-term renal safety of LCD and highlights the importance of developing individualised dietary plans for high-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12320768/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144783878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of ethanolic extract from <i>Abeliophyllum distichum</i> (<i>Miseon</i> Tree) leaves in mice with dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis.","authors":"Hye-Jung Moon, Youn-Soo Cha, Kyung-Ah Kim","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.11052","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.11052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Abeliophyllum distichum</i> (Miseon tree), a native Korean plant, is known for the high phenolic content in its leaves. The ethanolic leaf extracts of <i>A. distichum</i> have shown antioxidant, anti-obesity, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, studies on its potential to improve colitis are limited. This study aimed to determine whether the ethanolic extract of <i>A. distichum</i> leaves (ADE) could alleviate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. The mice were divided into three groups, and the experimental group was given 300 mg/kg ADE for 4 weeks. One week before the end of the experiment, 3% DSS was added to the drinking water to induce colitis. The clinical symptoms of colitis and damage to colon tissue, including the increase in <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> abundance and a decrease in <i>Bifidobacterium</i> in the colon, were evaluated during DSS treatment. DSS overactivated the nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway, resulting in excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In contrast, ADE alleviated the DSS-induced colitis symptoms, protected against colonic tissue damage, and restored the balance of <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> and <i>Bifidobacterium</i> levels in the colon. Moreover, ADE effectively inhibited the DSS-induced overactivation of the NF-κB signaling pathway within the colon and mitigated abnormal inflammatory responses. These findings suggest that ADE protects against colitis by modulating the growth of some intestinal strains and the NF-κB pathway in the colon, supporting its potential as a natural agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12320766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144783877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy can improve infection level nutrition condition and prognosis of patients with sepsis.","authors":"Li Zhao, Sheng Wang","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12746","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) on infection level, nutrition condition and prognosis of patients with sepsis.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>According to the fecal elastase-1 (FE1) level, 68 sepsis patients who were diagnosed with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) from 2014.11 to 2015. 12 in our hospital were randomly divided into two groups: regular nutritional support (RNS) group or PERT group. A total of 15 patients were dropout for various reasons.Finally, 25 patients were enrolled in PERT group and 28 in RNS group. APACHEII score, SOFA score, inflammatory biomarkers including C-reaction protein (CRP), white blood cell (WBC), procalcitonin (PCT), nutrition markers including prealbumin (PA), transferrin (TFN), retinol binding protein (RBP), creatinine/height index (CHI) were recorded at the day 1 (D1), day7 (D7) and day14 (D14) since they were admitted in ICU. These data were compared between and within the two groups chronologically. Also, the duration of vasoactive drug using (DVAD), mechanical ventilation (DMV), length of stay in ICU (LOS) and survival rate within 14 days were compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no differences in general information (Age and gender) between PERT and RNS groups. Compared with the RNS group, CRP, WBC and PCT declined significantly at D14 in the PERT group. Especially, CRP declined significantly over time in both groups. In addition, compared with the RNS group, in the PERT group at D14, nutrition markers, including PA, TFN, RBP and CHI increased significantly, APACHEII score and SOFA score decreased significantly. And DVAD, DMV and LOS were significantly shortened in PERT group, but the survival rate within 14 days was not significantly changed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PERT can improve infection level, nutrition condition and prognosis of patients with sepsis. And the underlying mechanism may be related to improve pancreatic exocrine insufficiency of these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12320769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144783891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aged garlic attenuates neuroinflammation via modulating the NF-κB pathway: Insights from multi-omics analyses.","authors":"Junjun Meng, Chengquan Wen, Xiaofan Fan, Jinxiu Guo, Shiyuan Zhao, Wenxue Sun, Wenxiu Han, Pei Jiang","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.11923","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.11923","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neuroinflammation is a key pathological feature in many neurodegenerative diseases, and the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway is a central mediator of this response. Aged garlic extract (AGE) is a functional food with well-documented antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but its role in mitigating neuroinflammation remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates the effects of AGE on neuroinflammation by modulating the NF-κB signaling pathway using multi-omics analyses and experimental validation.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 microglial cells and LPS-treated C57BL/6 mice were used to assess the effects of AGE. Transcriptomics, metabolomics, and network pharmacology approaches identified potential targets and pathways, focusing on NF-κB signaling. In vitro and in vivo models were employed to evaluate behavioral, biochemical, and histological outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AGE reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2) in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells and suppressed microglial activation and neuronal damage in LPS-induced mice. Transcriptomic analysis showed that NF-κB pathway inhibition mediated these effects, with molecular docking confirming interactions between aged garlic compounds and NF-κB targets (NF-κB2 and NF-κB3).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AGE attenuates neuroinflammation by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway, improving cognitive and motor functions, and reducing neuronal injury in experimental models. These findings suggest aged garlic as a promising neuroprotective agent against neuroinflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12320767/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144783876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}