Food & Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"Impact of environmental contaminants in fish on cell death and oxidative stress using <i>in vivo, in vitro</i>, and molecular docking.","authors":"Saber Abdelkader Saïdi, Othman Ahmed Alghamdi, Mohiuddin Khan Warsi, ElFeki Abdelfattah, Jos van Pelt","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12687","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12687","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fish species from the Red Sea constitute excellent food sources but may be unsafe to consume because their bioaccumulation of iron (Fe) is greater than the recommended concentration.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We investigated the safety concerns related to the consumption of fish containing iron.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>In this study, Wistar rats were treated with Fe(II) and Fe(III) at a total dose of ~200 mg/kg body weight. For cytotoxicity testing, human liver WRL-68, human hepatoma HepG2, and rat liver FTO2B cells were exposed to Fe(II) and Fe(III). Computational tools were utilized to assess the molecular interactions of iron with critical oxidative stress markers and predict potential toxicological outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The in vivo results showed that only treatment with Fe2+ significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.05) changed aminotransferase activity compared to the control and caused an alteration in the oxidative balance, which was reflected by increases in the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes. The in vitro results revealed that the concentrations of Fe(II) and Fe(III) typically found in Red Sea fish were not toxic to these cell lines. However, the addition of Fe(III) potentiated the harmful effects of H2O2 in FTO2B cells. Moreover, the results demonstrate that exposure to Fe(III) resulted in increased (<i>P</i> < 0.05) expression of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene. The docking analysis revealed that Fe²⁺-Protoporphyrin exhibited strong binding to both SOD (-8.7 kcal/mol) and Catalase (-9.1 kcal/mol), as compared to its known inhibitors, suggesting a potential role in enzymatic inhibition and oxidative stress modulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results reveal that there is a potential risk of toxicity when fish products are consumed. Further investigations are needed, especially in regard to determining the estimated weekly intake of these metals.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12581650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145444412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating network pharmacology, transcriptomics, molecular docking and in vitro experiments to investigate the material basis and mechanism of Liuwei Dihuang Pills for treating diabetic nephropathy.","authors":"Chaoqun Liu, Xiaopeng Zhao, Anlei Yuan, Jiaye Tian, Bin Yu, Zewen Wang, Zhenzhen Xu, Yanxia Liu, Shijie Bi, Liansheng Qiao, Zhaozhou Lin, Yanling Zhang","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12763","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12763","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes. <i>Liuwei Dihuang Pills</i> (LW) has significant clinical efficacy in the treatment of DN, but its pharmacological mechanism and material basis remain poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the substance basis and mechanism of action of LW in treating DN.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The potential mechanism of LW was investigated through UPLC/LTQ-Orbitrap-MS and network pharmacology. The activity of LW and its constituent herbs was evaluated in human renal glomerular endothelial cells (HRGEC) and HK2 cells. Key pathways and targets were identified by transcriptomics and validated by qRT-PCR. Molecular docking was employed to screen for active ingredients of LW.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that LW, Cornus Officinalis (CO), Moutan Cortex (MC), Rhizoma Dioscoreae (RD), and Alismatis Rhizoma (AR) mitigated oxidative damage in HRGEC cells. LW primarily targeted VEGFA and EGR1, thereby modulating the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications. LW also reduced fibrosis in HK2 cells by up-regulating BMP4 and modulating the TGF-beta signaling pathway. Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata (RRP), CO, MC, RD, and Poria Cocos (PC) were identified as key contributors to improving renal fibrosis. Additionally, 43 potential active ingredients were identified in LW, 13 of which exhibited favorable ADMET properties. Six key ingredients, including taxifolin, cianidanol, gallic acid, caffeic acid, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and paeonol were found to be primarily responsible for the effects of LW on microvascular endothelial injury and renal fibrosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, these findings reveal the material basis and mechanism of LW against DN, providing a foundation for its clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":"12763"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12664296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145647543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The performance of Nutri-Score as a tool in guiding and evaluating nutritional quality of food procurements for high schools in Norway.","authors":"Anna Amberntsson, Emilie Heide, Mari Mohn Paulsen, Siri Løvsjø Solberg, Anne Lene Løvhaug, Lene Frost Andersen, Marianne Hope Abel","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.11483","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.11483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Norwegian Directorate of Health has issued school meal guidelines to advocate for the availability of healthy food options. However, awareness and adherence among school officials and canteen staff are low. Moreover, the broadly formulated guidelines complicate evaluation and selection of appropriate foods. Nutri-Score might be a potential tool for guiding and evaluating food procurements.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to 1) examine agreement between the Nutri-Score and the school meal guidelines, 2) investigate the potential of using Nutri-Score to guide food procurements through proposing food-group-specific ranges, and 3) propose realistic goals for food purchases in value (money spent) for recommended and non-recommended foods based on Nutri-Score distribution in a sample of schools.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A list of all foods procured in all high school canteens in Viken County, Norway, from January 2021 to June 2023 was obtained. The Nutri-Score 2023 version was calculated on all products. Based on the school meal guidelines, foods had been classified into three categories by nutrition experts: <i>foods recommended to be offered</i>, <i>foods recommended to be offered in limited amounts</i>, and <i>foods recommended not to be offered</i>. Agreement and disagreement were assessed using boxplots and cross tables. Linear regression presented as scatter plots was used to investigate relevant goals for food purchases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was overall good agreement between the Nutri-Score and the Norwegian school meal guidelines. We propose that foods with Nutri-Score A and B can be recommended, but for some food groups, such as bread toppings, Nutri-Score C and D can also be recommended. A goal for food procurements could be minimum 65% of total value spent on products with Nutri-Score A or B and maximum 15% on products with Nutri-Score E (C-E for beverages).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nutri-Score could be an effective, complementary tool for guiding and evaluating food purchases in alignment with school meal guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":"11483"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12604552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145502955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Allium hookeri</i> root extract restores streptozotocin-induced pancreatic β-cells dysfunction in a type 1 diabetic rat model.","authors":"Hyun Ju Kim, Seong-Soo Roh, Sung-Hyen Lee, Miran Kang, Jong-Sik Jin","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12104","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Allium hookeri</i> (AH), a traditional herb in Southeast Asia, has been documented for its significant health benefits in metabolic diseases. This study was to explore the effects of AH root extract (AHRE) on pancreatic β-cell regeneration in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>AHRE (100 mg/kg body weight) was administered daily to STZ-induced diabetic rats for 2 weeks. Serum glucose and insulin levels, total-cholesterol, hemoglobin A1c, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and pancreatic peroxynitrite and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were measured. Protein expression associated with pancreatic β-cell apoptosis and regeneration was analyzed through Western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Diabetic rats exhibited hyperglycemia, insulin deficiency, increased levels of oxidative stress markers, and pancreatic β-cell apoptosis and impairment. AHRE treatment reduced hyperglycemia, insulin insufficiency, and oxidative stress, implying a reduction in pancreatic β-cell apoptosis and restoration of pancreatic β-cell regeneration-associated protein expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AHRE can facilitate β-cell regeneration in the impaired pancreatic islets through STZ by reducing oxidative stress markers and apoptosis in pancreatic tissue. Owing to pancreatic β-cells are susceptible to oxidative stress, the protective and enhancing effects of AHRE on the apoptosis and regeneration of these cells may be a significant mechanism for its hypoglycemic effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12581647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145444218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant and lipid-lowering effects of freeze-dried kimchi cabbage and onion mediated via inhibition of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.","authors":"Ye-Rang Yun, Wooje Lee, Sung Wook Hong","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.11101","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.11101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Kimchi exhibits various beneficial effects on human health, which are ascribed to its ingredients, bioactive compounds, lactic acid bacteria, and metabolites.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the antioxidant and lipid-lowering effects of individual ingredients of freeze-dried kimchi in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The lipid-lowering effects of six kimchi ingredients were investigated using 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Their antioxidant activities, cytotoxicity, and the effect on triglyceride (TG) content, lipid accumulation, and obesity-associated biomarker expressions were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Freeze-dried ginger exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, followed by kimchi cabbage and onion. Freeze-dried garlic and green onion showed cytotoxicity, and the TG content in freeze-dried ginger-treated cells was similar to that of the control. Freeze-dried kimchi cabbage- and onion-treated cells exhibited increased antioxidant activities, low cell toxicity, and remarkable effects on the TG content. Selected freeze-dried kimchi cabbage and onion significantly inhibited lipid accumulation and decreased the expression of obesity-associated messenger RNA (mRNA) and proteins, with freeze-dried kimchi cabbage being more efficient (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The six kimchi ingredients showed differences in anti-obesity effects, and these effects may be related to antioxidant properties.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Freeze-dried kimchi cabbage exhibited the most pronounced antioxidant and lipid-lowering effects among the six kimchi ingredients tested, highlighting the potential applications of kimchi in obesity-associated metabolic pathway research.</p><p><strong>Graphical abstract: </strong></p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12581648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145444475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Cheonggukjang</i>, a gut microbiota-modulating Korean fermented food, improves cholesterol and bile acid metabolism.","authors":"Jung Eun Park, So-Min Oh, Jin Young Baek, Hee-Jong Yang, Do-Youn Jeong, Anna Han, Youn-Soo Cha","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.13034","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.13034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypercholesterolemia (HCE) is one of the major causal factors of the development of cardiovascular disease. <i>Cheonggukjang</i> (CGJ), a representative Korean fermented soybean paste, has multiple health benefits, including cholesterol-lowering effects; however, the effects of CGJ on detailed mechanisms in cholesterol and bile acid metabolism, and the correlation between gut microbiota alterations and cholesterol and bile acid metabolism remain unclear. In this study, mice were randomly divided into the normal diet (ND, 10% fat of total kcal), high-cholesterol and fat diet (HCFD, 1% cholesterol + 45% fat of total kcal), and HCFD with 30% of two different CGJ (CGJ#1 and CGJ#2). There were no significant differences in <i>α</i>-diversity indices between the two CGJs. However, CGJ#1 was dominated by <i>Bacillales</i>, while CGJ#2 was dominated by <i>Bactobacillales</i>. Compared to HCFD, CGJ significantly reduces body weight gain, lipid accumulation in the liver and adipose tissues, and serum lipid indicators by downregulating mRNA levels involved in lipogenesis. Furthermore, CGJ strongly changes mRNA levels associated with cholesterol and bile acid metabolism in the liver and ileum and increases bile acid excretion compared with HCFD. In addition, CGJ markedly recovers HCE-derived gut microbiota dysbiosis by altering the <i>α</i>-diversity index and decreasing the <i>Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes</i> ratio. Most significantly, this recovery of HCE-derived gut microbiota composition is significantly associated with the changes of HCE-associated markers. These observations strongly suggest that CGJ, regardless of its different microbial composition, improves HCE by changing cholesterol and bile acid metabolism via reorganization of gut microbiota imbalance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12581651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145444404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Health Eating Index-2015 and prostate-specific antigen levels: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 2001-2004.","authors":"Xingpeng Di, Jie Zhang, Liyuan Xiang, Xin Wei, Banghua Liao","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12639","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Prostate cancer is the most common carcinoma among men worldwide. To elaborate the effect of dietary quality on prostate-specific antigen (PSA), we investigated the association between Health Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) and PSA concentration from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional analysis of men aged 40 years and older was enrolled from the year 2001-2004. Weighted multivariable logistic and linear regression models were employed to evaluate the association between the HEI-2015 and PSA level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,467 males were enrolled in the study. The results demonstrated that a higher HEI-2015 score was associated with a lower PSA level in the fully-adjusted model (β = -0.388, 95% Confidence interval (CI) = -0.746 to -0.030, <i>P</i> = 0.030). Specifically, the consumption of seafood and plant proteins group was found to have an inverse correlation with PSA levels (β = -0.049, 95% CI = -0.088 to -0.009, <i>P</i> = 0.020).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that a higher HEI-2015 score is associated with a reduced risk of PSA among adult men aged 40-55 years in the United States. Furthermore, race, body mass index (BMI), and alcohol drinking may be modifiers of the relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12661391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145647880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of (6S)-5-Methyltetrahydrofolate dicholine salt compared to folic acid: a randomized double-blind single dose cross-over study.","authors":"Christiane Schön, Antje Micka, Daniel Menzel, Manfred Wilhelm, Rima Obeid","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12633","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>(6S)-5-Methyltetrahydrofolate ((6S)-5-MethylTHF) is the physiological folate form in biological fluids. Salts of (6S)-5-MethylTHF may have advantages compared to folic acid and are increasingly used in foods and supplements.</p><p><strong>Objective and design: </strong>The present study describes the physicochemical properties of the (6S)-5-MethylTHF-2Chol salt as a source of methylfolate with respect to solubility, conductivity, and melting point. The pharmacokinetics of (6S)-5-MethylTHF-2Chol and folic acid were compared in a randomized controlled double-blind cross-over study using a single equimolar oral dose of each of the folate substances.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The solubility of the dicholine salt was very high (650 mg/mL in H₂O and 40 mg/mL in H₂O under acidic conditions). The incremental area under the curve (iAUC_0-8h) was significantly higher after the administration of (6S)-5-MethylTHF-2Chol compared to folic acid ([1.64-fold, <i>P</i> < 0.0001] for total folate and 2.56-fold higher for (6S)-5-MethylTHF [<i>P</i> < 0.0001]).</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>The bioavailability of (6S)-5-MethylTHF-2Chol is higher compared to folic acid. The crystalline structure of (6S)-5-MethylTHF-2Chol and its water solubility are advantageous in terms of stability in nutraceutical products and absorption in the gut. (6S)-5-MethylTHF-2Chol is the source of folate that may enable the development of new applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12499688/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145243994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycemic fluctuations exacerbate cognitive impairment and hippocampal neuronal dysfunction in mice by repeatedly inducing calcium overload","authors":"Jian Yin, Li Cheng, Yan Hong, Zhaofeng Li, Caiming Li, Xiaofeng Ban, Ling Zhu, Zhengbiao Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.fnutr.2025.100048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fnutr.2025.100048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"2 1","pages":"100048-100048"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147916857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ACE inhibitory activity and fibroblast proliferation of collagen peptides: Comparing amino acid composition and sequence","authors":"Wei Hu, Cuihua Chang, Junhua Li, Yanjun Yang, Yujie Su, Luping Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.fnutr.2025.100039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fnutr.2025.100039","url":null,"abstract":"This study compared the degree of hydrolysis, peptide sequences, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity, and fibroblast proliferation activity of collagen derived from fish skin, pig skin, and bovine bone. The amino acid composition revealed that fish skin collagen had the lowest hydroxyproline content, while bovine bone collagen had the highest. Bovine bone collagen peptides contained a greater number of sequences with proline at the C-terminus, whereas fish and pig skin collagen peptides had a higher percentage of sequences containing PO and GPO, at 47.2 ​% and 55.2 ​%, respectively. Peptide sequences may determine the functional variability of collagen peptides from different sources: bovine bone collagen peptides exhibited the highest ACE inhibitory activity, with an IC50 value of 1.5 ​mg/mL; the fish skin and pig skin collagen peptide groups increased fibroblast proliferation rates by 139.1 ​% and 149.5 ​%, respectively, and cell migration rates by 19.3 ​% and 22.1 ​%, respectively; furthermore, fibroblasts showed the most significant enhancement in proline and hydroxyproline synthesis after treatment with pig skin collagen peptides. These results indicate that Pig and fish skin collagen peptides are more effective in promoting proliferation, migration, and collagen synthesis, which provides important guidance for selecting optimal collagen sources based on specific functional requirements. • Bovine bone collagen peptides had most hydroxyproline and proline at the C-terminal. • Fish and pig skin collagen peptides had a higher percentage of sequences with PO and GPO. • Bovine bone collagen peptides demonstrating the highest ACE inhibitory activity. • Pig and fish skin collagen peptides showed greater efficacy in promoting collagen synthesis.","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"2 1","pages":"100039-100039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147882249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}