European Journal of Psychotraumatology最新文献

{"title":"The mental health and traumatic experiences of mothers of children with 22q11DS.","authors":"Alexandra Finless, Andrea L Rideout, Ting Xiong, Holly Carbyn, Patricia Lingley-Pottie, Lisa D Palmer, Andrea Shugar, Donna M McDonald-McGinn, Patrick J McGrath, Anne S Bassett, Cheryl Cytrynbaum, Matt Orr, Ann Swillen, Sandra Meier","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2353532","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2353532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> 22q11 Deletion Syndrome (22q11DS) is the most common microdeletion syndrome with broad phenotypic variability, leading to significant morbidity and some mortality. The varied health problems associated with 22q11DS and the evolving phenotype (both medical and developmental/behavioural) across the lifespan can strongly impact the mental health of patients as well as their caregivers. Like caregivers of children with other chronic diseases, caregivers of children with 22q11DS may experience an increased risk of traumatisation and mental health symptoms.<b>Objective:</b> The study's primary objective was to assess the frequency of traumatic experiences and mental health symptoms among mothers of children with 22q11DS. The secondary objective was to compare their traumatic experiences to those of mothers of children with other neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs).<b>Method:</b> A total of 71 mothers of children diagnosed with 22q11DS completed an online survey about their mental health symptoms and traumatic experiences. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the prevalence of their mental health symptoms and traumatic experiences. Logistic regression models were run to compare the traumatic experiences of mothers of children with 22q11DS to those of 335 mothers of children with other neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs).<b>Results:</b> Many mothers of children with 22q11DS experienced clinically significant mental health symptoms, including depression (39%), anxiety (25%), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms (30%). The types of traumatic events experienced by mothers of children with 22q11DS differed from those of mothers of children with other NDDs as they were more likely to observe their child undergoing a medical procedure, a life-threatening surgery, or have been with their child in the intensive care unit.<b>Conclusion:</b> 22q11DS caregivers are likely to require mental health support and trauma-informed care, tailored to the specific needs of this population as they experience different kinds of traumatic events compared to caregivers of children with other NDDS.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"2353532"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11123504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141081187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do multigenerational homes moderate the intergenerational transmission of maternal adverse childhood experiences?","authors":"Yantong Zhu, Gengli Zhang, Shuwei Zhan, Dandan Jiao, Tokie Anme","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2355757","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2355757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b><b>Background:</b> Maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may lead to increased behavioural problems in children. However, the mediating roles of psychological distress and corporal punishment, two common mechanisms underlying the intergenerational transmission of maternal ACEs, in these relations have not been examined in Chinese samples. Multigenerational homes (MGH) are the dominate living arrangement in China; however, limited research focuses on the effects of MGHs on the intergenerational transmission of maternal ACEs.<b>Objective:</b> This study explored the parallel mediating effects of corporal punishment and psychological distress on the association between maternal ACEs and children's behaviour and whether MGHs can strengthen or weaken the relationship between maternal ACEs and corporal punishment or psychological distress.<b>Participants and setting:</b> Participants were 643 three-year-old children and their mothers (mean age of 32.85 years, SD = 3.79) from Wuhu, China.<b>Methods:</b> Mothers completed online questionnaires measuring ACEs, psychological distress, corporal punishment, their family structure, and children's behavioural problems. This study used a moderated mediation model.<b>Results:</b> The findings suggest that psychological distress and corporal punishment mediate the association between maternal ACEs and children's behavioural problems. The mediating role of corporal punishment was found depend on whether mothers and their children reside in MGHs. MGHs were not found to have a moderating role in the indirect relationship between maternal ACEs and children's behaviour problems via psychological distress.<b>Conclusion:</b> Our findings highlight the importance of addressing psychological distress and corporal punishment when designing interventions targeted Chinese mothers exposed to ACEs and their children, especially those living in MGHs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"2355757"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11138223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141174917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex posttraumatic stress disorder and dissociation in trauma-exposed Chinese adolescents: a latent class analysis.","authors":"Li Wang, Haibo Fu, Hengjia Guo, Ping Liu, Yajie Bi, Shu Luo, Yuwei Han, Yuxuan Wang, Chengqi Cao","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2351292","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2351292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Preliminary evidence provides support for the proposition that there is a dissociative subtype of Complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD). Research on this proposition would extend our knowledge on the association between CPTSD and dissociation, guide contemporary thinking regarding placement of dissociation in the nosology of CPTSD, and inform clinically useful assessment and intervention.<b>Objectives:</b> The present study aimed to investigate the co-occurring patterns of CPTSD and dissociative symptoms in a large sample of trauma exposed adolescents from China, and specify clinical features covariates of such patterns including childhood trauma, comorbidities with major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and functional impairment.<b>Methods:</b> Participants included 57,984 high school students exposed to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. CPTSD and dissociative symptoms, childhood traumatic experience, and functional impairment were measured with the Global Psychotrauma Screen for Teenagers (GPS-T). Major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) symptoms were measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), respectively. Latent class analysis (LCA) was employed to test the co-occurring patterns of CPTSD and dissociative symptoms. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and chi-square tests were respectively used to examine between-class differences in continuous and categorical clinical covariates.<b>Results:</b> A 5-class model emerged as the best-fitting model, including resilience, predominantly PTSD symptoms, predominantly disturbances in self-organization (DSO)symptoms, predominantly CPTSD symptoms, and CPTSD dissociative subtype classes. The CPTSD dissociative subtype class showed the lowest level of functioning and the highest rates of MDD, GAD and childhood trauma.<b>Conclusions:</b> Our findings provide initial empirical evidence supporting the existence of a dissociative subtype of CPTSD, and inform for further research and clinical practice on traumatized individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"2351292"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11138217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141174952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How do young men narrate the redemption story of a sexual assault perpetrator?","authors":"Brianna C Delker, Paige Michel, Camille A Fogel, Aubrie L Patterson, Greyson Mize, Thea Huber, Kate C McLean","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2386829","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2386829","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Little is known about how young men who have committed sexual assault might acknowledge wrongdoing and eventually change and make amends. There are practical barriers to seeking the real redemption stories of perpetrators.<b>Objective:</b> To explore hypothetical pathways to young men's accountability-taking and amends (i.e. redemption) after perpetration of sexual assault.<b>Method:</b> In a pre-registered, qualitative story completion study, we presented heterosexual, cisgender college men (<i>N</i> = 54) with a date-based sexual assault story written by a fictional male perpetrator. Participants were prompted to complete the story so that the protagonist, who initially denies wrongdoing, eventually changes and becomes a violence prevention advocate.<b>Results:</b> A thematic analysis of the redemption stories revealed that this study's speculative task was a challenging one. Half of the stories did not provide an explanation for how the perpetrator was able to acknowledge wrongdoing. Overall, individualistic themes (e.g. he introspected) were more common than relational, community, or societal facilitators of redemption.<b>Conclusions:</b> Without infrastructure for accountability-taking and repair, or narrative exemplars to draw from in public life, it is difficult to envision redemption from violence. Rare gender-based, structurally attuned analyses of sexual violence in the stories point the way towards a more transformative vision of redemption.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"2386829"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11328808/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141975447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Norwegian traumatic grief inventory-self report plus (TGI-SR+): a psychometric evaluation in traumatically bereaved people.","authors":"Lonneke I M Lenferink, Iren Johnsen, Pål Kristensen, Nataskja-Elena Kersting Lie, Josefin Sveen","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2391248","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2391248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Prolonged grief disorder (PGD) has been added to the ICD-11 and DSM-5-TR. The Traumatic Grief Inventory-Self Report Plus (TGI-SR+) assesses self-rated PGD intensity as defined in ICD-11 and DSM-5-TR. The TGI-SR + is available in multiple languages, but has not been validated yet in Norwegian.<b>Objective:</b> The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Norwegian TGI-SR + .<b>Method:</b> Bereaved adults (<i>N</i> = 307) whose child or sibling died ≥6 months ago due to a sudden or violent loss completed the TGI-SR + and measures for posttraumatic stress, depression, and precursor PGD symptoms. We examined the factor structure and internal consistency of the ICD-11 and DSM-5-TR PGD items. Convergent validity and known-groups validity was evaluated. Probable PGD cases, pair-wise agreement between diagnostic scoring rules for both PGD criteria-sets, and cut-off scores were calculated.<b>Results:</b> The 1-factor model for ICD-11 and DSM-5-TR PGD showed the best fit and demonstrated good internal consistency. Convergent validity was supported by strong associations between summed ICD-11 and DSM-5-TR PGD scores and summed posttraumatic stress, depression, and precursor prolonged grief scores. Known-groups validity was supported by PGD intensity being related to educational level and time since loss. The perfect pair-wise agreement was reached using the ICD-11 and DSM-5-TR PGD diagnostic scoring rules. The optimal cut-off score for detecting probable PGD cases, when summing all TGI-SR + items, was ≥73.<b>Conclusions:</b> The Norwegian TGI-SR + seems a valid and reliable instrument to assess ICD-11 and DSM-5-TR PGD intensity after losing a child or sibling under traumatic circumstances.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"2391248"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11338194/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142003928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adult refugees' perspectives on the impact of trauma and post-migration hardships on learning.","authors":"Janita Flem Tomren, Marianne Opaas","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2403249","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2403249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Research shows that adult refugees' well-being and future in the reception country heavily depend on successfully learning the host language. However, we know little about how adult learners from refugee backgrounds experience the impact of trauma and adversity on their learning.<b>Objective:</b> The current study aims to investigate the perspectives of adult refugee learners on whether and how trauma and other adversity affect their learning.<b>Methods:</b> We conducted in-depth interviews with 22 adult refugees (10 women) attending the Norwegian Introduction Programme (NIP). The participants came from six Middle Eastern, Central Asian, and African countries. Two questionnaires were included, one about past stressful life events (SLESQ-Revised), and one about mental health symptoms and current psychological distress following potentially traumatic experiences (PCL-5).<b>Results:</b> Participants held varying beliefs about trauma's impact on learning: that it had a constant impact, that it was situational, or that it had no impact. Other aspects they brought up as having an essential effect on learning and school attendance include psychological burdens from past and present school experiences, and post-migration hardships such as loneliness, depression, ongoing violence, and negative social control. Post-migration trauma and hardships exacerbated the burden of previous trauma and were frequently associated with a greater negative influence on learning.<b>Conclusion:</b> This study adds new insights from adult refugee learners themselves into how post-migration hardships as well as trauma can impact their learning, and the importance of recognising their struggles. A safe space is required for refugees to open up about their difficulties in life and with learning. This knowledge can be used to enhance teaching practices, foster better teacher-student relationships, and inform policy-making decisions, ultimately benefiting both individuals and society.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"2403249"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11445927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of childhood adversities on alexithymia features vary between sexes. Results of a prospective population study.","authors":"Raimo K R Salokangas, Tiina From, Henri R W Salokangas, Lara Lehtoranta, Jaana Suvisaari, Seppo Koskinen, Jarmo Hietala, Matti Joukamaa, Max Karukivi","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2407256","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2407256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) associate with various mental disorders, including personality features. Our understanding of how ACEs influence alexithymia features in the general population is limited. In a prospective population setting, we studied whether ACEs associate with alexithymia, and the role of sex and emotional symptoms in this association.<b>Methods:</b> In a Finnish population-based prospective study, 3,142 individuals aged between 30 and 64 years completed eleven ACE questions and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale in 2000 and 2011, and the Hopkins Symptoms Checklist in 2011. The effect of ACEs on alexithymia and its subdomains - difficulty identifying feelings (DIF), difficulty describing feelings (DDF), and externally oriented thinking (EOT) in 2000 and 2011 - was analysed using repeated measures ANOVA.<b>Results:</b> The number of ACEs and their main component, childhood social disadvantage, associated positively with total alexithymia scores and its subdomains DIF and DDF, and negatively with EOT. After controlling for the effect of depression and anxiety, the strength of these associations was reduced, but the effect of social disadvantage on DIF and EOT remained significant in females. Childhood family conflicts associated positively with DIF in males and negatively with EOT in females. Additionally, maternal mental problems associated positively with DIF and DDF in females.<b>Discussion:</b> In the general population, ACEs, particularly social disadvantage, are associated with adult alexithymia features. Alexithymia features, detectable from youth, may predispose individuals to emotional disturbances caused by childhood adversities. The effect of family conflicts and maternal mental problems on alexithymia features varies between sexes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"2407256"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11485702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the concordance between CAPS-5 and PCL-5 scores.","authors":"Daniel J Lee, Frank W Weathers, Michelle J Bovin, Brian P Marx","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2407728","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2407728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> As reported in this journal, Resick and colleagues (2023) investigated discrepancies between scores from two widely used PTSD measures: the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5; Weathers et al., 2013) and the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5; Weathers et al., 2013), a clinician-rated structured interview and a self-rated questionnaire, respectively. Using data from four clinical trials of active-duty military personnel and veterans, the authors replicated the common finding that PCL-5 scores are higher than CAPS-5 scores. They then examined item response distributions, finding that ratings on the PCL-5 were more evenly distributed across all five options whereas specific CAPS-5 scores were used relatively infrequently. Concluding that this finding indicates a problem that should be addressed, they offered suggestions for revising anchors and items to improve correspondence between the two measures.<b>Objective:</b> The results are informative and the nature and size of the sample are well-suited to this important research question. However, we have a number of concerns and comments about this paper.<b>Conclusion:</b> In our view, the authors mischaracterized the CAPS-5 and PCL-5 in several important ways, resulting in some erroneous conclusions about their findings and the expected nature of the relationship between the CAPS-5 and PCL-5. Given that these issues are vital to the field of traumatic stress, we felt compelled to address them and provide an alternative perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"2407728"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11565655/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142617516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of trauma on asylum seekers and refugees receiving a WHO psychological intervention: a mediation model.","authors":"Riccardo Serra, Marianna Purgato, Federico Tedeschi, Ceren Acartürk, Eirini Karyotaki, Ersin Uygun, Giulia Turrini, Hildegard Winkler, Irene Pinucci, Johannes Wancata, Lauren Walker, Mariana Popa, Marit Sijbrandij, Maritta Välimäki, Markus Kösters, Michela Nosè, Minna Anttila, Rachel Churchill, Ross G White, Tella Lantta, Thomas Klein, Thomas Wochele-Thoma, Lorenzo Tarsitani, Corrado Barbui","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2355828","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2024.2355828","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Scalable psychological interventions such as the WHO's Self-Help Plus (SH+) have been developed for clinical and non-clinical populations in need of psychological support. SH+ has been successfully implemented to prevent common mental disorders among asylum seekers and refugees who are growing in number due to increasing levels of forced migration. These populations are often exposed to multiple, severe sources of traumatisation, and evidence of the effect of such events on treatment is insufficient, especially for non-clinical populations.<b>Objective:</b> We aim to study the effect of potentially traumatic experiences (PTEs) and the mediating role of symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on the improvement following SH+.<b>Method:</b> Participants allocated to SH+ who received at least three sessions (<i>N</i> = 345) were extracted from two large, randomised, European prevention trials involving asylum seekers and refugees. Measures of distress, depression, functional impairment, and post-traumatic stress symptoms were administered at baseline and 6 months post-intervention, together with measures of well-being and quality of life. Adjusted models were constructed to examine the effect of PTEs on post-intervention improvement. The possible mediating role of PTSD symptoms in this relationship was then tested.<b>Results:</b> Increasing numbers of PTEs decreased the beneficial effect of SH+ for all measures. This relationship was mediated by symptoms of PTSD when analysing measures of well-being and quality of life. However, this did not apply for measures of mental health problems.<b>Conclusions:</b> Exposure to PTEs may largely reduce benefits from SH+. PTSD symptomatology plays a specific, mediating role on psychological well-being and quality of life of participants who experienced PTE. Healthcare professionals and researchers should consider the role of PTEs and PTSD symptoms in the treatment of migrants and refugees and explore possible feasible add-on solutions for cases exposed to multiple PTEs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"2355828"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11149571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141199172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Somatic symptoms and insomnia among bereaved parents and siblings eight years after the Utøya terror attack.","authors":"Erik-Edwin Leonard Nordström, Riittakerttu Kaltiala, Pål Kristensen, Jens C Thimm","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2023.2300585","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2023.2300585","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Levels of prolonged grief symptoms (PGS) and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) can be high, many years following bereavement after terror, but knowledge concerning somatic health is scarce. Terrorism is a serious public health challenge, and increased knowledge about long-term somatic symptoms and insomnia is essential for establishing follow-up interventions after terrorism bereavement.<b>Objective:</b> To study the prevalence of somatic symptoms and insomnia and their association with PGS, PTSS, and functional impairment among terrorism-bereaved parents and siblings.<b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional quantitative study included 122 bereaved individuals from the Utøya terror attack in Norway in 2011. The sample comprised 88 parents and 34 siblings aged 19 years and above (<i>M_age</i> = 49.7 years, <i>SD_age</i> = 13.8 years, 59.8% females). The participants completed questionnaires 8 years after the attack assessing somatic symptoms (Children's Somatic Symptoms Inventory) and insomnia (Bergen Insomnia Scale) along with measures of PGS (Inventory of Complicated Grief), PTSS (Impact of Event Scale-Revised), and functional impairment (Work and Social Adjustment Scale).<b>Results:</b> Fatigue was the most frequently reported somatic symptom (88% of females and 65% of males). Females reported statistically significantly more somatic symptoms than males. In total, 68% of the bereaved individuals scored above the cut-off for insomnia. There were no statistically significant gender differences for insomnia. Female gender, intrusion, and arousal were associated with somatic symptoms. Intrusion and somatic symptoms were associated with insomnia. Somatic symptoms, avoidance, and hyperarousal were associated with functional impairment.<b>Conclusion:</b> Many bereaved parents and siblings report somatic symptoms and insomnia eight years after the terror attack. Somatic symptoms are associated with functional impairment. Long-term follow-up and support after traumatic bereavement should focus on somatic symptoms and insomnia.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"2300585"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10791101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139424593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}