European Journal of Psychotraumatology最新文献

{"title":"Psychometric properties of the City Birth Trauma Scale in Black trauma-exposed women.","authors":"Rebecca Lipschutz, Sriya Karra, Kaitlyn K Stanhope, Nicole R Nugent, Merom Arthur, Shimarith Wallace, Elizabeth E Mcafee, Meghna Ravi, Emma C Lathan, Abby Britt, Vasiliki Michopoulos, Abigail Powers","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2690729","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2690729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Black women in the USA, who face disproportionate risks of obstetric complications and adverse birth outcomes, may be at heightened risk of birth-related post-traumatic stress symptoms. However, the City Birth Trauma Scale (BiTS) has not yet been psychometrically evaluated in this population.<b>Objective</b>: This study examined the psychometric properties of the BiTS, including internal consistency, convergent and divergent validity, and factor structure, among Black postpartum trauma-exposed women.<b>Method</b>: In total, 130 women who were 6-8 weeks postpartum completed the BiTS, along with validated measures of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to assess BiTS factor structure. Internal consistency, convergent and divergent validity, and PTSD diagnostic prevalence were also examined.<b>Results</b>: The BiTS demonstrated excellent internal consistency (<i>α</i> = 0.91) and strong convergent and divergent validity with PTSD, depression, and anxiety measures. CFA supported a two-factor model (birth-related symptoms and general symptoms subscales) with good model fit. One-third (33.6%) of women reported their birth as traumatic and met criterion A (e.g. the belief that she or her baby would die during childbirth). Using the BiTS, 4.6% of women met full DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for PTSD, while 7.6% were above the established BiTS diagnostic cut-off for probable PTSD diagnosis.<b>Conclusion:</b> The BiTS demonstrates strong psychometric properties in Black postpartum trauma-exposed women.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2690729"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148469650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring comorbidity patterns of psychosis-related post-traumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms in stabilised hospitalised schizophrenia patients and relationships with sleep quality and quality of life: a latent profile analysis.","authors":"Laixi Kong, Xiucheng Ma, Cui Yang, Xiaofeng Hou, Yunqiong Wang, Dongmei Wu","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2629072","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2629072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Comorbidity symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression are common and debilitating in schizophrenia, yet their patterns of co-occurrence remain poorly understood. This study aimed to identify severity-based comorbidity profiles of psychosis-related PTSD (PR-PTSD) and depression symptoms in hospitalised patients with schizophrenia and to examine their associations with sleep quality and quality of life.<b>Methods:</b> We conducted a cross-sectional study of 482 stabilised inpatients with schizophrenia (PANSS total score < 60), assessing PR-PTSD symptoms (IES-R), depression symptoms (SDS), sleep quality (PSQI), and quality of life (SQLS). Latent profile analysis was used to identify comorbidity profiles based on scores for PR-PTSD (intrusion, avoidance, arousal) and depression. Multinomial logistic regression and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were employed to examine correlates of profile membership and compare differences in outcomes.<b>Results:</b> LPA revealed an optimal three-profile solution: 'Low PR-PTSD/Low Depression' (50.0%), 'Moderate PR-PTSD/Mild Depression' (42.3%), and 'High PR-PTSD/Moderate Depression' (7.7%). Multinomial logistic regression indicated that a history of coercive treatment and polypharmacy were significantly associated with membership in the high-symptom profile. A clear dose-response relationship was observed for sleep quality, which progressively worsened with increasing comorbidity severity across profiles (<i>p</i> < .001). However, the overall group difference in quality of life total scores did not reach statistical significance (<i>p</i> = .067).<b>Conclusion:</b> Comorbid symptoms of PR-PTSD and depression in schizophrenia manifest as parallel severity profiles rather than distinct symptom-dominant subtypes. Sleep quality is a key differentiating factor and a potent transdiagnostic target for intervention. These findings underscore the need for stratified care models that address clinical correlates of high symptom burden, such as iatrogenic trauma and polypharmacy, to improve outcomes in this vulnerable population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2629072"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12931326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147275917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Doubt regarding abuse-related appraisals and identification with the aggressor as predictors of complex PTSD in female child abuse survivors.","authors":"Yael Lahav, Marylene Cloitre, Mark Shevlin, Menachem Ben-Ezra, Thanos Karatzias","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2629213","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2629213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Child abuse (CA) is a significant risk factor for trauma-related psychopathology, with potential outcomes that extend beyond posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to include complex PTSD (CPTSD) - a condition characterized by disturbances in self-organization (DSO). This trauma can also lead to identification with the aggressor (IWA), where survivors internalize the perpetrator's beliefs, perspectives, and behaviors, as well as doubt regarding abuse-related appraisals (DARA), which reflects uncertainty in interpreting aspects of the abuse. Although IWA and DARA have been proposed as potential contributors to trauma-related symptomatology, their predictive roles have not been empirically examined.<b>Objective:</b> This two-wave study explored the implications of IWA and DARA for subsequent PTSD and DSO symptoms.<b>Method:</b> The current study was conducted among 273 adult female CA survivors, aged 18-53 (M = 33.01, SD = 9.78). Participants completed online self-report measures assessing IWA and DARA at the first measurement (T1) and PTSD and DSO symptoms at two time points (T1 and T2).<b>Results:</b> The results revealed positive associations between IWA and DARA at T1 and PTSD and DSO symptoms at T2. Analyses further indicated that the IWA component, which involves the replacement of one's agency with that of the perpetrator at T1, predicted variance in PTSD and DSO at T2 (ES = 0.15 and 0.15, respectively). Additionally, the DARA component, which reflects doubt regarding the abuse at T1, predicted variance in DSO symptoms at T2 (ES = 0.17). These effects remained significant even after accounting for polyvictimization, PTSD, and DSO at T1.<b>Conclusions:</b> IWA and DARA may be important psychological factors contributing to survivors' vulnerability to trauma-related psychopathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2629213"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12961711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147354321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tinnitus among post-9/11 veterans: psychiatric comorbidity and associations with health and functional outcomes.","authors":"Beth M McCormick, Sara E Wallander, Mark W Miller, Xiang Zhao, William P Milberg, Catherine B Fortier, Erika J Wolf","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2623718","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2623718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Tinnitus is common among Veterans and is associated with PTSD and traumatic brain injury (TBI).<b>Objective:</b> To characterize tinnitus and examine the overlap of tinnitus, PTSD, and TBI and their relative associations with sleep disturbance, chronic pain, and cognitive and functional impairment.<b>Method:</b> Participants were 735 primarily young (<i>M</i> = 34.7, <i>SD</i> = 9.1), male (90.2%) post-9/11 US Veterans. Hierarchical regressions were performed to determine whether additional variance in cross-sectional and longitudinal health outcomes was explained by tinnitus beyond PTSD and TBI.<b>Results:</b> Tinnitus was common (67.5%) and evidenced substantial comorbidity with both PTSD and TBI in 35.6% of the sample. Tinnitus explained an additional 1.9-3% of the variance (both Δ <i>p</i> < .001) in pain (β = .184, <i>p</i> < .001) and functional impairment (β = .145, <i>p</i> < .001) after accounting for PTSD severity and number of TBIs and adjusting for multiple testing. PTSD significantly predicted all outcomes (βs = -.226 -.657, all <i>p</i>s < .001). Tinnitus showed stability over time but did not predict later pain or functional impairment.<b>Conclusions:</b> Results suggest tinnitus is common among young treatment-seeking Veterans and highlight the need for future research aimed at reducing the toll of this chronic condition. Tinnitus should be evaluated alongside PTSD and TBI, as it may be associated with more negative health outcomes, even among those already at increased risk due to PTSD and TBI. Clinicians should be informed about best practices for managing tinnitus in efforts to improve health and well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2623718"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12947285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147289558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The experience of professionals receiving patients with manifestations of traumatic dissociation: a qualitative study.","authors":"Elea Mezard, Mayssa' El Husseini, Rahmeth Radjack, Marie Rose Moro, Sevan Minassian","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2634587","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2634587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Traumatic dissociation is defined as a disruption or disturbance in the integration of various cognitive functions in response to a traumatic event and has been the subject of extensive research in recent decades. For mental health professionals, exposure to patients with a history of trauma can have both negative and positive effects on their well-being. However, few studies have focused on the specific experiences of professionals encountering patients with traumatic dissociation.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study analyzed the experiences of 23 professionals (psychiatrists, psychologists, and residents in psychiatry) working with patients presenting manifestations of traumatic dissociation, using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) methodology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This approach led to the identification of three key themes: (1) professionals' reactions to patient dissociation, (2) professionals' emotional and dissociative response, and (3) factors influencing reactions and impact on professionals' life.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In light of these findings, we propose several key points for training and supervision: taking into account the question of the body and physical contact; addressing the emotions experienced by professionals, particularly helplessness and loneliness, and carefully utilizing the diffusion of emotions and dissociation from the patient to the professional as a therapeutic tool to help patients self-regulate and reintegrate dissociated parts of themselves.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2634587"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12973776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147390027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The microbiome and PTSD: a scoping review across preclinical and clinical studies.","authors":"Ronja Berendse, Marieke Verkleij, Joost Daams, Sian Hemmings, Ramon Lindauer, Aniko Korosi, Jasper B Zantvoord, Anja Lok","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2627060","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2627060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that substantially impairs quality of life and global health. Emerging evidence implicates that the human microbiome contributes to PTSD pathophysiology via gut-brain-immune interactions, although the underlying mechanisms and therapeutic implications remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review aimed to systematically map the evidence linking microbiome alterations to PTSD, with a focus on mechanistic pathways, therapeutic potential, and research gaps.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This scoping review was conducted in Medline, Embase, and PsychINFO from inception to 18-03-2025. Eligible studies included human participants with PTSD and preclinical rodent models employing validated PTSD paradigms. Outcomes of interest included microbiome diversity and composition, gut-brain axis biomarkers, and effects of microbiome-targeted interventions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty studies were included, comprising 20 human, 29 preclinical and one cross-species study. Human observational studies frequently observed reduced overall microbial diversity, along with a loss of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, such as Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae, and an increased abundance of <i>Veillonella</i>, <i>Odoribacter</i>, and <i>Catenibacterium</i> linked to gut permeability and inflammation. Human intervention studies testing probiotics, prebiotics, fermented soy, and dietary fibre showed preliminary evidence for symptom and related metabolic and inflammatory marker improvements; however, microbiome effects were inconsistent. Preclinical models revealed stress-induced reductions in <i>Bifidobacteria</i>, Verrucomicrobia, and <i>Parabacteroides</i>, and increases in <i>Coprobacillus</i> and <i>Anaeroplasma</i>. Functional consequences included impaired barrier integrity, altered SCFA levels, and heightened immune activation. Preclinical interventions, particularly <i>Mycobacterium vaccae</i>, as well as probiotics, synbiotics, acetate, and MDMA, mitigated microbial alterations, reduced anxiety-like behaviours, and modulated neuroimmune pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Current evidence supports an association between PTSD and microbiome alterations, with convergent human and preclinical findings. However, human research remains limited by small, cross-sectional designs, which preclude causal inferences. Rigorous longitudinal and interventional studies are required to establish causality and assess microbiome-targeted therapies as adjuncts in PTSD treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2627060"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12973796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147369237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoting social cohesion, compassion and forgiveness among Rwandan survivors and perpetrators through community resiliency model training: a longitudinal randomized comparison study.","authors":"Samuel Habimana, Kimberly Freeman, Emmanuel Biracyaza, Zephon Lister, Susanne Montgomery","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2621634","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2621634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> The 1994 genocide against the Tutsi severely broke Rwandan society, leaving deep family and societal scars. Efforts to restore resilience and social cohesion hold promise but continue to face significant challenges. This study aimed to investigate whether the Community Resiliency Model (CRM) intervention was able to promote social cohesion, forgiveness, and compassion while strengthening personal resilience among survivors and released genocide perpetrators in post-genocide, Rwanda. We set out to address a methodological gap by exploring whether participants who experienced the Rwandan genocide do better in mixed groups versus homogeneous groups on key social function outcomes.<b>Methods:</b> A longitudinal randomized comparison group study design was employed to evaluate the impact of CRM on social cohesion, compassion, resilience, and forgiveness in a convenience sample of three comparison groups to which participants were randomly assigned: one with genocide survivors (<i>N</i> = 51), one with genocide perpetrators (<i>N</i> = 51), and one with a combination of both (<i>N</i> = 50). In August 2023, participants completed a consecutive three-day Community Resiliency Model (CRM) training in community settings. Data were collected using standardized tools at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at six-month follow-up, between August 2023 and March 2024. ANOVA was conducted to identify significant differences among outcome variables.<b>Results:</b> The results showed that social cohesion (F(1) = 36.1, <i>p</i> < .001), compassion (F(1) = 131, <i>p</i> < .001), forgiveness (F(1) = 19.8, <i>p</i> < .001), and resilience (F(1) = 8.10, <i>p</i> = .005) significantly improved across all groups. Participants in the mixed group showed slightly more improvement than other groups, but the difference was not statistically significant.<b>Conclusion:</b> The results are promising, suggesting that CRM could serve as an effective intervention to address the challenges of rebuilding cohesive and resilient communities by improving social functioning in societies that have experienced fragmentation due to societal traumas.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2621634"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12912240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146200562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological and neurocognitive correlates of comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder and alcohol use disorder: a systematic review.","authors":"Ellen E Towers, Joel Hoffman, Eva E Louie, Gezelle Dali, Warren Logge, Katherine Mills, Kirsten C Morley","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2640736","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2640736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) frequently co-occur, leading to greater clinical burden than either disorder alone. Despite this, little is known about the biological pathways linking these two disorders.<b>Objective:</b> We conducted a systematic review to synthesize evidence on molecular, genetic, neural, and cognitive mechanisms contributing to comorbid PTSD & AUD.<b>Method:</b> Following PRISMA guidelines, we performed a comprehensive search of five databases using PTSD-related, AUD-related, biological, and neurocognitive terms. Participants had to meet diagnostic criteria for both PTSD and AUD, and studies were required to have a comparator including controls, PTSD only, or AUD only. A critical appraisal was completed for all studies.<b>Results:</b> From 3904 identified papers, 14 met the inclusion criteria. Four studies examined the same molecular marker, with three papers derived from the same cohort, investigating baseline and stress-induced cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone, and found no differences unique to PTSD & AUD. One study linked low brain-derived neurotrophic factor and hazardous drinking to PTSD onset over 2 years following hospital admission. Genetic studies showed considerable overlap (72%) between PTSD and AUD in female twins, whereby the <i>DRD2</i> A1 allele and the absence of the <i>APOE</i> ϵ2 allele were strongly associated with PTSD and drinking. Studies also reported lower neurometabolites, white matter integrity, and hippocampal volume in PTSD & AUD. Critical appraisal of these studies highlighted prominent selection bias (predominantly male and veterans) and limited justification of sample size.<b>Conclusions:</b> These findings suggest that PTSD & AUD may be characterized by distinct neurobiological alterations and genetic vulnerabilities relative to comparator groups. However, as there are currently insufficient data to support or refute these findings, this highlights the need for further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2640736"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13215429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148028472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to war-related trauma and symptoms of complex posttraumatic stress disorder among children and adolescents in Gaza.","authors":"Basel El-Khodary, Rawan Iriqat, Abdallah Abo-Shamla, Mahmoud Ali, Wael Al-Delaimy","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2665509","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2665509","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The war in Gaza has exposed children and adolescents to extreme trauma, violence, and loss, yet little empirical data exist on its psychological impact. This study examines war-trauma exposure and associated mental health outcomes, including probable PTSD, probable complex PTSD (cPTSD), depression, anxiety, and stress.<b>Objective:</b> This study aimed to assess the psychological impact of prolonged and repeated war-related trauma on post-traumatic symptoms among children and adolescents in Gaza during the ongoing war, with the goal of informing public mental health and humanitarian interventions.<b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted with 250 participants aged 12-18 displaced into refugee camps during the war in Gaza. War-related trauma was assessed using the Gaza <i>Traumatic Event Checklist (GTEC)</i>. PTSD and cPTSD symptoms were measured with the <i>International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ)</i>, and depression, anxiety, and stress were assessed using the <i>Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale for Youth (DASS-Y).</i><b>Results:</b> The results showed that all participants are exposed to at least three war traumatic events. Males exposed to more war trauma compared to females. Exposure to war-related trauma has a positive significant correlation with PTSD, cPTSD, stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms. Furthermore, no gender differences were found regarding PTSD and cPTSD diagnosis. Older adolescents reported higher stress, anxiety, and depression, but age did not predict PTSD or cPTSD. Children and adolescents with greater trauma exposure had higher PTSD and cPTSD scores than those with lower exposure.<b>Conclusions:</b> Children and adolescents in Gaza experience extremely high levels of PTSD and cPTSD due to chronic war-related trauma. Both genders are affected, with older adolescents showing more internalizing symptoms. These findings underscore the urgent need for culturally sensitive, comprehensive mental health interventions to mitigate long-term psychological harm.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2665509"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13231820/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148143196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated rates of adverse PTSD symptom trajectories in a civilian mass-trauma cohort.","authors":"Lisa Simon, Ophir Netzer, Roy Salomon, Roee Admon","doi":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2679938","DOIUrl":"10.1080/20008066.2026.2679938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Civilian mass-trauma events can produce heterogeneous outcomes, ranging from resilience to adverse symptom trajectories that may develop into chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Key factors associated with adverse PTSD symptom trajectories include female sex, childhood adversity, and sleep disturbances.<b>Objectives:</b> To characterize PTSD symptom trajectories in a large civilian cohort during the first year following the 7 October 2023 Nova music-festival mass-trauma event.<b>Method:</b> 392 survivors completed the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) at T1 (1-5 months post-event) and T2 (8-12 months post-event). Symptom trajectories were classified using k-means clustering with three standardized features: intercept, rate of change, and time since the event. Within-class changes over time were tested with paired t-tests. Multinomial logistic regression examined associations with pre-specified factors with 10-fold cross-validation and false-discovery-rate (FDR) correction.<b>Results:</b> Among survivors, four symptom classes emerged: Resilient (25.3%), Partially Improved (20.2%), Consistently High (28.8%), and Worsening (25.8%). Overall, 54.6% of survivors exhibited adverse symptom trajectories (Consistently High or Worsening) one year following trauma. Female sex, childhood adversity, and post-trauma sleep disturbances were each associated with lower odds of Resilient class membership.<b>Conclusions:</b> Adverse PTSD symptom trajectories were unusually high one year following a civilian mass-trauma event, indicating a sustained mental-health burden among survivors. These findings support extended follow-up and may help inform future research on intervention strategies in civilians exposed to complex and prolonged trauma.</p>","PeriodicalId":12055,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychotraumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2679938"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13270861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148257912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}