European Journal of Dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Exosomes Derived from Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Attenuate Glycation-Induced Oxidative Stress and Cytotoxicity in Neuronal Cells.","authors":"Damratsamon Surangkul, Anyapat Atipimonpat, Mathurada Saephu, Panadda Jongtep, Waritsara Sangburan, Wararat Chiangjong, Hathaitip Sritanaudomchai","doi":"10.1055/s-0046-1827769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0046-1827769","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) induce oxidative stress and cellular injury through excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), contributing to aging- and diabetes-related degenerative conditions. Exosomes derived from stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) exhibit regenerative and cytoprotective properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects of SHED-derived exosomes on AGE-induced oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in neuronal cells.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Exosomes were isolated from SHED-serum-free conditioned medium by differential ultracentrifugation and characterized using transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western blotting for CD81, TSG101, and HSP70. Uptake of PKH26-labeled exosomes by SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells was evaluated using confocal microscopy. AGEs were generated by incubating bovine serum albumin with glucose and confirmed by fluorescence analysis. Cell viability and intracellular ROS levels were assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCHF-DA) assays, respectively. Proteomic analysis was performed to identify proteins associated with cytoprotective activity.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>Data were presented as mean ± standard deviation from triplicate experiments. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance followed by appropriate post hoc tests. A <i>p</i>-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SHED-derived exosomes exhibited a typical cup-shaped morphology with sizes ranging from 37 to 200 nm and expressed canonical exosomal markers. SK-N-SH cells efficiently internalized SHED-derived exosomes. AGE treatment induced dose-dependent cytotoxicity (IC₅₀ = 5.24 mg/mL) and significantly increased intracellular ROS levels. Treatment with SHED-derived exosomes at 30 to 50 µg/mL significantly improved cell viability, whereas 20 µg/mL significantly reduced AGE-induced ROS accumulation (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Proteomic analysis identified proteins associated with oxidative stress response, cellular repair, and cell survival pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exosomes derived from SHED attenuated AGE-induced oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in neuronal cells. These findings suggest the potential application of SHED-derived exosomes as a cell-free approach for oxidative stress-related cellular injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":12028,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148911159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Prevalence: An Exploratory Framework for Patient Phenotyping and Clinical Burden Analysis of Incidental Findings in Dental Cone-Beam Computed Tomography.","authors":"Anthony R Mecham, Mariah Newman, Tyler Peterson, Jared Kirby Fausnaught, Frank W Licari, Shankargouda Patil","doi":"10.1055/s-0046-1827797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0046-1827797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To move beyond simple prevalence reporting by applying an exploratory, transferable multi-method analytical framework to incidental findings on dental cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The framework combines multiple correspondence analysis (MCA), data-driven patient clustering, association rule mining, co-occurrence network analysis, and clinical burden quantification, and is intended to generate hypotheses for prospective validation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this retrospective, cross-sectional, single-center study, 100 consecutive CBCT scans acquired for implant treatment planning were interpreted by a single board-certified oral and maxillofacial radiologist using a structured reporting template. Findings were classified into three investigator-defined clinical-action categories (I: intervention; II: monitoring/correlation; III: no action) and by anatomical domain. MCA (prevalence ≥5%) was followed by agglomerative clustering in MCA space; association rules were mined with the Apriori algorithm; a phi-coefficient co-occurrence network was built with Louvain community detection; and a weighted Clinical Burden Index (CBI) was computed per patient. Finding counts were modeled by Poisson regression, with sensitivity analyses for the prevalence threshold and CBI weights. This study is exploratory and hypothesis-generating.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across 100 patients, 488 incidental findings (86 unique types) were identified (mean 4.9 ± 2.0; range 1-10), with Category I findings in 86% of patients. MCA yielded two dimensions explaining 43.9% of inertia. Clustering identified two exploratory phenotypes, \"High-Burden Multimorbidity\" (<i>n</i> = 23, mean 6.1 findings) and \"Standard-Burden\" (<i>n</i> = 77, mean 4.5; Kruskal-Wallis <i>p</i> = 0.001). Five association rules were found (top lift = 1.90, stable across thresholds), and a sparse, modular co-occurrence network bridged dental and nondental domains. Poisson regression identified Category I (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.21, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14-1.28) and Category III (IRR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.16-1.34) counts as independent predictors of burden. Mean CBI was 10.3 ± 4.8; 18% of patients were high-burden, with tier assignment robust to weighting (Spearman ρ ≥ 0.90). An estimated 86% of patients would potentially require at least one specialist referral based on incidental findings alone.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Applied to a retrospective single-center dataset, this exploratory analytical framework reveals patient phenotypes, clinically relevant co-occurrence patterns, and a potentially substantial specialist-referral burden that univariate prevalence reporting does not capture. These preliminary observations require prospective, multi-center external validation, and the framework may become a valuable tool for structured, data-driven CBCT interpretation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12028,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148911171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postoperative Mandibular Positional Changes after NM-Low Z Plasty: Implications for Interpreting Skeletal Stability in Surgery-First and Conventional Orthognathic Approaches.","authors":"Sarunpong Imampai, Narissaporn Chaiprakit, Siripatra Patchanee","doi":"10.1055/s-0046-1827465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0046-1827465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This article compares skeletal movement after mandibular setback surgery using the NM (novel modification)-low Z plasty technique between patients treated with the surgery-first approach (SFA) and the conventional orthognathic surgery (COS) approach.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 42 skeletal class III patients (ANB < 0°) who underwent mandibular setback using the NM-low Z plasty technique between 2017 and 2022. Consecutive lateral cephalograms were obtained at three time points: preoperative (T0), immediate postoperative (T1), and 6 to 12 months postoperative (T2). Horizontal and vertical movements at the dentoalveolar point of the mandible were defined as primary outcomes. Data distribution was evaluated using the Shapiro-Wilk test and Q-Q plots. Within-group changes were analyzed with paired <i>t</i>-tests. Between-group comparisons were performed using Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> tests according to data distribution. Statistical significance was set at <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean mandibular setback was 9.34 mm in the COS group and 13.89 mm in the SFA group, respectively. Horizontal mandibular forward movement was 2.8 mm in COS (30%) and 2.06 mm in SFA (14.8%). Vertical movement at T2 showed upward movement of 1.68 and 2.8 mm, respectively. No statistically significant differences were found between groups for horizontal or vertical movement (<i>p</i> = 0.072). Changes in incisor inclination were also not significantly different between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mandibular setback surgery using the NM-low Z plasty technique demonstrated comparable skeletal stability in both orthodontic-driven treatment protocols. The findings further suggest that postoperative mandibular positional changes in SFA were reflected as a consequence of planned orthodontically occlusal adaptation. Furthermore, vertical mandibular changes after surgery appeared to be primarily governed by postoperative orthodontic tooth movement rather than being attributable to the surgical technique itself.</p>","PeriodicalId":12028,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Analysis in Alveolar Ridge Preservation: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Tengku Natasha Eleena Tengku Ahmad Noor, Zohaib Khurshid, Alexander Patera Nugraha, Nastiti Faradilla Ramadhani, Erni Noor","doi":"10.1055/s-0046-1827029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0046-1827029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) after tooth extraction depends on accurate three-dimensional bone assessment to optimize implant placement and prosthetic outcomes. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) provides high-resolution volumetric imaging, yet manual interpretation remains operator-dependent and poorly standardized. Artificial intelligence (AI) may automate CBCT-based assessment, but its clinical role in ridge preservation remains insufficiently defined. This narrative review with structured thematic synthesis, reported in accordance with the Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA), examined AI applications in CBCT analysis relevant to ARP, explicitly distinguishing technical performance from clinical usefulness. A structured search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus (January 2026) identified English-language studies published between 2012 and 2026. Articles were appraised using adapted Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) criteria and synthesized thematically. Thirty-three articles were retained: 17 AI-focused primary studies forming the core synthesis, seven conventional (non-AI) CBCT-based ARP or implant studies, and nine reviews providing background context. AI-driven segmentation of teeth and alveolar bone consistently achieved Dice similarity coefficients above 0.90 with markedly reduced processing times, and selected architectures generalized across CBCT devices and populations. Multimodal CBCT-intraoral-scan fusion enabled crown-root-bone visualization, while deep-learning image enhancement supported diagnostic quality at reduced radiation doses. However, these findings reflect technical (geometric) accuracy: no included study linked AI output to patient-centered ARP outcomes such as implant survival, aesthetics, complications, or need for re-augmentation. External validation on independent datasets was reported in only four AI studies, and reporting metrics were heterogeneous. Current evidence therefore supports the technical feasibility of AI-assisted CBCT analysis for ridge preservation and implant planning, but not yet its clinical effectiveness. Translation will require prospective multicenter studies with patient-centered endpoints, standardized reporting, cost-effectiveness evaluation, and clear regulatory pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":12028,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volumetric Alterations and Bond Performance of Epoxy Resin, Silicone Bioactive Glass, and Bioceramic Sealers Following Obturation.","authors":"Thanh Quang Nguyen, Pinpana Thaweesit, Kanet Chotvorrarak, Chantida Pawaputanon Na Mahasarakham, Angsana Jainaen","doi":"10.1055/s-0046-1827030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0046-1827030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is to evaluate the time-dependent volumetric changes, push-out bond strength (POBS), and dentine adaptation of epoxy resin, silicone bioactive glass and calcium silicate root canal sealers over 60 days.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>One hundred and twenty-five mandibular premolars were instrumented using ProTaper Next (size 40/06) and assigned to five groups (<i>n</i> = 25). Each canal was obturated using the matched single-cone technique with one of the following sealers: AH Plus Jet (AHP Jet), GuttaFlow Bioseal (GFB), CeraSeal (CS), Endosequence BC (ES BC), or AH Plus Bioceramic (AHP Bioceramic). In each group, 20 samples were subdivided into two subgroups (<i>n</i> = 10) to assess POBS (push-out test) and dentine adaptation (scanning electron microscopy) of the filling materials at 2 and 60 days post-obturation. Micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) was used to evaluate sealer volumetric changes over 60 days (<i>n</i> = 5).</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Two-way ANOVA assessed the interaction between sealer type and post-obturation time on POBS. One-way ANOVA compared POBS and volumetric alterations among the sealers, while paired and independent <i>t</i>-tests evaluated differences within each sealer. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to analyze interfacial adaptation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For the POBS, AHP Jet, CS, and ES BC exhibited higher POBS values than GFB and AHP Bioceramic at 2 days post-obturation (<i>p</i> < 0.001). At the 60-day evaluation, CS and ES BC demonstrated higher POBS than the other sealers (<i>p</i> < 0.001), whereas GFB exhibited the lowest value. No significant difference in dentine adaptation was found among the sealers at either 2 days (<i>p</i> = 0.07) or 60 days (<i>p</i> = 0.08). After 60 days post-obturation, GFB, CS, ES BC, and AHP Bioceramic showed a significantly higher POBS (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and dentine adaptation (<i>p</i> < 0.05) than under the 2-day condition, whereas AHP Jet maintained consistent POBS (<i>p</i> = 0.87) and dentine adaptation (<i>p</i> = 0.76). Micro-CT revealed that silicone bioactive glass and bioceramic sealers expanded, whereas the epoxy resin sealer showed slight shrinkage after setting.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CS and ES BC demonstrated the most stable long-term POBS, whereas all sealers illustrated favorable dentine adaptation. The volumetric expansion might relate to improvements in bond strength and dentine adaptation post-obturation in silicone bioactive glass and bioceramic sealers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12028,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin C-Incorporated Polycaprolactone Membranes Enhance Angiogenic-Osteogenic Coupling by Modulating Oxidative Stress In Vitro.","authors":"K G Aghila Rani, Elaf Akram Abdulhameed, Savitha Suresh, Ensanya A Abou Neel, Nadia Khalifa, Yanti Johari, Marzuki Omar, A B Rani Samsudin","doi":"10.1055/s-0046-1827187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0046-1827187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study investigates the influence of vitamin C-incorporated polycaprolactone (PCL-Vit C) membrane in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enhancing angiogenic-osteogenic coupling <i>in vitro</i>.Human umbilical vein endothelial cells and human fetal osteoblast cells were co-cultured on PCL membrane alone and PCL-Vit C membranes under osteogenic conditions to mimic the bone microenvironment. Angiogenic-osteogenic crosstalk was visualized by confocal microscopy, using PECAM1 and connexin-43 antibodies. Cell viability was assessed by XTT assay and ROS generation measured by flow cytometry. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) release were determined calorimetrically and by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), respectively. <i>ALP</i>, <i>Col1</i>, <i>RUNX-2</i>, <i>OC, VEGF</i> messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Col1, OC, BMP-7, HIF-α protein levels were assessed by western blotting. Activation of P38, P44, and JNK signaling was also analyzed.PCL-Vit C membrane co-cultures showed abundant expression of gap junction protein, Cx43, and significantly increased viability compared to PCL alone. ROS production significantly declined in co-cultures grown on PCL-Vit C membranes, with elevated levels of VEGF and ALP. Expression of <i>ALP</i>, <i>Col 1</i>, <i>RUNX2, OC,</i> and <i>VEGF</i> mRNA was significantly higher in PCL-Vit C membranes. PCL-Vit C co-cultures further demonstrated significantly lower HIF-α levels, increased Col 1, OC, and BMP-7 levels, and enhanced activation of phospho-p38/P38, phospho-p44/44, and phospho-pJNK/JNK.PCL-Vit C membranes supported angiogenic-osteogenic coupling, accompanied by changes in oxidative stress, intercellular communication, and osteogenesis through activating key signaling pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":12028,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148857010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraoral Scanner Evaluation of Cyclic Wear in Heated Versus Injectable Composites for Indirect Restoration.","authors":"Sara Makdis Antoun, Alexandre Cohen, Francisca Marro, Peter Bottenberg","doi":"10.1055/s-0046-1827192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0046-1827192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to compare the cyclic abrasive wear behavior of an injectable composite and a preheated restorative composite when used as luting agents for indirect partial restorations, using a controlled <i>in vitro</i> model. A secondary objective was to evaluate the ability of an intraoral scanner (IOS) to detect wear progression in comparison with a non-contact profilometer (NCP).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty extracted human posterior teeth were prepared for standardized lithium disilicate onlays and randomly assigned to two groups (<i>n</i> = 10): luting with an injectable composite or with a preheated restorative composite. Specimens were subjected to three-body toothbrushing abrasion for up to 22,500 cycles. Using an IOS and a NCP, wear was measured at baseline and following each brushing interval. Mixed-effects models were used to analyze surface roughness and volumetric wear (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Volumetric wear increased significantly with brushing cycles for both materials (<i>p</i> < 0.05), with no significant differences between the injectable and preheated composites (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Surface roughness was significantly higher for the preheated composite compared with the injectable composite at all evaluation points (<i>p</i> < 0.001). No significant differences were found between IOS and NCP volumetric wear measurements, although IOS data showed greater variability at higher wear levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Injectable and preheated composites used as luting agents for indirect restorations showed similar resistance to abrasive wear under the conditions of this <i>in vitro</i> study. IOS-based wear assessment demonstrated agreement with NCP measurements, and injectable composites showed reduced surface roughness.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The present study contributes to the understanding of the wear behavior of contemporary composite materials used as luting agents and highlights the potential of IOSs as a noninvasive tool for monitoring wear over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":12028,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148856994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammation-Modified Odontogenic Keratocyst Mimicking an Inflammatory Cyst: A Clinically Silent Case.","authors":"Faisal Mehsen Alali, Maya Al-Jokhadar, Mohammad Zakaria Nassani, Mohammad Al-Qudsi, Rawda Omar Alghabban, Rafif Alshenaiber, Shahad Albader, Bashayer Ahmed Alzahrani, Bassel Tarakji","doi":"10.1055/s-0046-1827188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0046-1827188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is a developmental odontogenic cyst with distinctive histopathological features and a recognized potential for recurrence. However, secondary inflammation may significantly alter or obscure its classical histopathological features, resulting in diagnostic overlap with inflammatory odontogenic cysts. A 40-year-old male patient presented with an incidentally detected, well-defined radiolucent lesion in the left posterior mandible associated with an impacted third molar. The lesion remained asymptomatic for approximately 11 years. Radiographic findings initially suggested a dentigerous cyst. Surgical management consisted of extraction of the impacted tooth followed by complete enucleation of the lesion. Histopathological examination revealed a non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelial lining with prominent inflammatory infiltrate and numerous cholesterol clefts. The cystic contents lacked typical keratinaceous material and appeared as a creamy cystic fluid. Despite the absence of classical keratinization, the diagnosis of inflammation-modified OKC was supported by preserved architectural features, including epithelial fragility and detachment, daughter (satellite) cysts or focal microcystic formations, odontogenic epithelial islands, and focal dystrophic calcification. Inflammatory modification may obscure the classical histopathological features of OKC and create significant diagnostic overlap with inflammatory odontogenic cysts. The absence or attenuation of keratinization does not exclude the diagnosis of OKC when preserved architectural clues remain identifiable within the cyst wall. Careful evaluation of preserved architectural features, combined with clinicopathologic correlation, is essential for accurate diagnosis, appropriate management, and structured long-term follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":12028,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148856967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Artificial Intelligence Models in Predicting Post-Prosthetic Facial Esthetics in Edentulous Patients: Clinical and Anthropometric Comparative Study.","authors":"Rania Moussa, Mostafa I Fayad, Omar M Alaryani, Faisal Suliman Altamimi, Elaf Barri, Leen Ahmed Qarras, Marwa Kothayer","doi":"10.1055/s-0046-1827191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0046-1827191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in esthetic dentistry; however, its accuracy in predicting post-prosthetic facial outcomes in edentulous patients remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of AI models to simulate post-denture facial esthetics compared with actual clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A prospective within-subject observational study was conducted on 14 completely edentulous patients receiving new complete dentures. Standardized facial photographs were obtained pretreatment (T0) and posttreatment (T1). AI-generated images were produced from T0 photographs using Gemini (G-P) and FaceApp (FA-P). Outcomes included patient preference, expert esthetic evaluation, and quantitative facial anthropometric measurements.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>Nonnormally distributed paired facial measurements were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Differences among image types and expert panel scores were analyzed using the Friedman test (two-way analysis of variance by ranks), with post hoc Wilcoxon signed-rank tests where applicable. Participant preferences were assessed using the chi-square goodness-of-fit test. Statistical significance was set at <i>p</i> ≤0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences were found in patient preferences (<i>p</i> = 0.247) and in expert evaluations between actual and AI-generated images (<i>p</i> = 0.316), with high inter-rater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.85). Anthropometric analysis revealed significant differences across most variables (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in oral commissure width, upper and lower lip height, and lower facial height. AI-generated images showed partial agreement but significant deviations in magnitude, particularly in FA-P, which were exaggerated. Bilateral comparison of commissure height showed no significant differences (<i>p</i> > 0.05), indicating preserved facial symmetry across all conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AI-generated simulations provide esthetically comparable representations to actual outcomes; however, they lack quantitative accuracy in reproducing facial anthropometric changes. While AI may serve as a useful adjunct for patient communication and visualization, it cannot replace clinically driven prosthodontic assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12028,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148856980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental Health Assessment in Pediatric Patients with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome.","authors":"Marta Łyszczarz, Agnieszka Moll-Maryńczak, Sylwia Majewska-Beśka, Krzysztof Zeman, Marcin Tkaczyk","doi":"10.1055/s-0046-1827460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0046-1827460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aims of this study were to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the dental status in pediatric patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) and to analyze the associations between clinical dental findings, general medical conditions, and oral hygiene habits.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The cross-sectional study included 20 children (10 girls, mean age 6.45 years) with a confirmed diagnosis of 22q11.2DS. Each child underwent a detailed dental examination, including caries (dmft/DMFT: decayed, missing, and filled teeth index for primary and permanent teeth), developmental defects of enamel (DDE), hypodontia, occlusal relationship disorder, and soft tissue findings assessment. Additionally, the functioning of the oral cavity, especially speech and swallowing patterns, was evaluated. Dental findings were correlated with medical history, oral hygiene habits, and laboratory results, with a specific focus on calcium-phosphate metabolism and immunological parameters.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>Categorical variables were reported as counts and percentages, while continuous variables were presented as medians and interquartile ranges. Nonparametric methods, including Fisher's exact test and the Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> test, were used for group comparisons. Correlations were assessed using Pearson's (<i>r</i>) and Spearman's rank correlation coefficients. All tests were two-tailed with a significance level of <i>α</i> = 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DDE were identified in 13 (65%) children, of whom 6 (30%) were presented with only hypomineralization, 4 (20%) exhibited only hypoplasia, and 3 (15%) demonstrated both defects. Caries prevalence was 70%, with a mean dmft of 4.65 (standard deviation [SD] 5.05) and DMFT of 8.6 (SD 5.77). Occlusal relationship disorders were observed in 11 (55%) children and hypodontia in 3 (15%) children. Age was the most significant variable associated with caries experience (<i>r</i> = 0.73, <i>p</i> < 0.001), while dysmorphic features were the only significant factor for DDE (<i>p</i> = 0.022). No significant correlations were found between dental findings and laboratory parameters or oral hygiene habits.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The most common dental manifestations of 22q11.2DS are DDE, dental caries, and oral dysfunctions. No direct correlation was found between oral health and immunological status or calcium-phosphorus metabolism. Caries is a significant problem and more dependent on age than on oral hygiene alone. Patients require early, comprehensive, and coordinated care from dentists, orthodontists, and speech-language pathologists.</p>","PeriodicalId":12028,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148856972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}