European Journal of Dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Reply to the Comment: Comparing ChatGPT and Dental Students' Performance in an Introduction to Dental Anatomy Examination.","authors":"Rizwan Ullah, Muhammad Saad Shaikh, Muhammad Sohail Zafar","doi":"10.1055/s-0046-1820115","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0046-1820115","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12028,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"1371-1372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13623489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148155674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoparticle Saltwater Fish Powder and Cell Protein Pathways in Enamel Density Enhancement.","authors":"Sandy Christiono, Islamy Rahma Hutami, Fourier Dzar Eljabbar Latief, Yayun Siti Rochmah, Grahita Aditya, Suparmi Suparmi, Shaista Afroz, Savira Nurazky Yuniar","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1813035","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1813035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the effect of nanoparticle saltwater fish powder on amelogenin expression and FABP-3 levels in fetal mice, with the goal of enhancing enamel density and supporting tooth mineralization. To date, this relationship has not been clearly explained in previous studies.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This randomized experimental study involved 16 pregnant mice, divided into two groups: control and treatment. The treatment group received nanoparticle saltwater fish powder (2.14 mg/mL) orally three times daily, while the control group received distilled water. On gestational day 18, placental and fetal jaw tissues were collected. Amelogenin and FABP-3 expressions were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), while enamel density was assessed using micro-computed tomography (µCT).</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>Data were analyzed using SPSS 26 and presented as mean ± SD. Group differences were tested using an independent <i>t</i>-test; results were considered significant at <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IHC analysis revealed significantly increased amelogenin expression in the treatment group receiving nanoparticle saltwater fish powder (4.34 ± 3.26) compared to the control group (0.49 ± 0.40), with a <i>p</i>-value of 0.005. FABP-3 expression was also significantly higher in the treatment group (2.26 ± 0.85) than in the control (1.50 ± 0.40), with a <i>p</i>-value of 0.038. µCT imaging displayed differences in enamel density between the treatment group (228.73 ± 5.31) versus the control (220.75 ± 5.95), with a <i>p</i>-value of 0.022.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nanoparticle saltwater fish powder modulates amelogenin expression during enamel secretion and enhances FABP-3 expression, suggesting potential benefits for promoting enamel development through nutritional interventions. Moreover, µCT analysis revealed an increase in the mean enamel density.</p>","PeriodicalId":12028,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"1136-1142"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13623468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145818661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cleaning Efficacy, Debris Extrusion, and Instrument Separation during Root Canal Filling Removal using Continuous Rotation, Reciprocation, and Optimum Torque Reverse Motions: An In Vitro Study.","authors":"Tarek Abboud, Mouhammad Al-Tayyan, Hassan Achour, Yasser Alsayed Tolibah","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1814775","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1814775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to address the Optimum Torque Reverse (OTR) efficacy in root canal obturationmaterials removal, the amount of apically extruded debris, and separating instruments (SI) as a complication compared to continuous rotational motion (CRM) and reciprocating motion (RM).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The sample involved 45 straight mandibular first premolars. The crowns were decoronated to standardize the length to 16 mm. The root canals were prepared up to a size 25 taper 0.06, obturated using the lateral compaction technique with a resin-based sealer, stored for 7 days, and divided according to the motion type used during retreatment into three groups (each group consisted of 15 samples); Group 1: CRM using Protaper Universal Retreatment system (D3 20 0.07 last file reach apical third), Group 2: RM using WaveOne Gold system Medium 25 0.07 variant taper, and Group 3: OTR motion using Protaper Universal Retreatment system (D3 20 0.07 last file reach apical third). The extruded debris weight was measured using an analytical balance. Samples were sectioned longitudinally and photographed at 20X magnification using an optical microscope. The images were analyzed in ImageJ to assess the percentage of residual obturation material. The number of SI during retreatment was recorded. Statistical Analysis Data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and chi-square tests at an α = 0.05 significance level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicate that the incidence of SI during retreatment in the OTR motion group was higher than the CRM group and the RM group (<i>p</i> = 0.001). There were no significant differences among the groups regarding the amount of apically extruded debris and the percentage of residual obturation material (<i>p</i> >0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The effectiveness of root canal obturation material removal and the amount of extruded debris during retreatment do not depend on the motion used. However, the OTR motion is associated with an increased risk of SI during retreatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12028,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"1328-1338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13623475/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146009413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Finite Element Analysis of Stress Concentration in Class V Lower Premolar Cavities Differently Restored by Adhesive Dental Materials.","authors":"Shakhawan Kadir Kadir","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1814776","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1814776","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the stress distribution of different restorative materials in Class V restorations under varying occlusal loads using finite element analysis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A three-dimensional model of the mandibular first premolar was prepared using computer-aided design (version 4.0 SR8, United States), MIMICS, and 3-MATIC software (3-Matic Medical 13.0, Materialise NV, Belgium). The ANSYS 16.0 (2020) program was used to calculate and evaluate the displacement and stress distribution under four different applied forces at the buccal cusp tip (0.4 mm, right angles), ranging from 100 to 250 N in a restored Class V cavity using (glass ionomer cement [GIC], Activa BioActive-Restorative, and Cention40).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The stress values in the unrestored tooth increased progressively with the applied load, ranging from 49.23 MPa at 100 N to 123.15 MPa at 250 N. Stress concentrations in the GIC restoration were lower compared with the unrestored tooth at all load levels, with values starting at 35.00 MPa at 100 N and rising to 87.51 MPa at 250 N. Among the tested materials, Cention40 composite exhibited the lowest stress concentrations especially at 100 N (28.02 MPa), suggesting better performance under high-load conditions. Activa BioActive-Restorative showed favorable stress distribution but had slightly higher stress values compared with the other materials.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in stress distribution among the materials (<i>p</i> = 0.202). There were statistically significant differences between loads in terms of stress (<i>p</i> = 0.004). Stress values increased significantly with higher occlusal loads for all groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>All the restorative materials exhibited comparable stress distribution patterns. Load intensity is the dominant factor influencing stress distribution in Class V restorations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Load intensity was the dominant factor influencing stress distribution in Class V restorations, while the type of restorative material played a secondary role.</p>","PeriodicalId":12028,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"1345-1352"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13623470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146009390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing an Artificial Intelligence Solution to Autosegment the Edentulous Maxillary Bone for Implant Planning.","authors":"Mohammad-Adel Moufti, Tharwat Alhalabieh, Kawthar Mohammad, Talal Alfailakawi, Tima Alshimmari, Sumaia Sabouni, Sebelan Danishvar","doi":"10.1055/s-0046-1818558","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0046-1818558","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Digital dental implant planning using panoramic radiographs and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging is labor-intensive and prone to error due to clinician fatigue, limited digital expertise, and time constraints. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers a promising solution by automating image analysis. This study aimed to develop a deep learning system for segmenting edentulous maxillary ridges to support automated implant planning.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 209 CBCT scans were retrieved from the University Dental Hospital Sharjah image archive (Romexis, Planmeca), of which 77 met the inclusion criteria. Manual segmentation was performed using 3D Slicer software and reviewed by a third examiner. A convolutional neural network (CNN) based on the U-Net architecture was developed using the Medical Open Network for AI (MONAI) framework. The dataset was split into training (90%) and testing (10%) sets.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>Model performance was evaluated using the Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC). Low-scoring cases (DSC <0.70) were inspected in detail to identify sources of discrepancy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 77 cases comprised 30 unilateral and 47 bilateral edentulous spaces. Most involved posterior edentulism (<i>n</i> = 57), with fewer anterior (<i>n</i> = 5) or combined (<i>n</i> = 15). The model achieved a mean DSC of 76.57%. Discrepancies between manual and model segmentation mainly arose from annotators excluding narrow bone regions (<4 mm) or irregular sinus floors, and from smoothing during manual labelling. In several instances, the model provided greater anatomical precision than manual segmentation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The developed AI model segmented maxillary edentulous spaces with moderate-to-high accuracy. With larger, more balanced datasets and refined manual labelling protocols, this approach shows strong potential to streamline digital implant planning and enhance clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12028,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"1353-1359"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13623469/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147654005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual Regulation of Osteogenesis and Inflammation by Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Extract in Periodontal Ligament-Derived Stem Cells: Implications for Regenerative Medicine.","authors":"Safaa Baz, Heba Mahmoud, Shereen N Raafat, Ali A W Kotb, Joudy Kamalah, Mai Hafez","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1814461","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1814461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This article aims to compare the osteogenic along with anti-inflammatory activity of different concentrations of pomegranate extract (PG) on human periodontal ligament-derived stem cells (hPDLSCs) in vitro.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>hPDLSCs were acquired from the root surface of removed molars, cultured, and then distinguished by flow cytometry analysis and several lineage differentiation potentials. To identify the effect of PG on hPDLSCs' viability, an MTT assay was performed. hPDLSCs were maintained in osteogenic induction medium with varying concentrations of PG. At the end of the induction period, osteogenesis was assessed using Alizarin Red staining, ALP assay, and qRT-PCR to determine the expression of OPG, RUNX2, Ki67, and TNF-α.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>All experiments were conducted in triplicate, and data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD). One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test was performed to assess statistical significance at a threshold of <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the MTT assay demonstrated that 100 mg/mL PG had significantly lower cell viability than the other concentrations. Statistical analysis of the ALP enzyme activity was mostly pronounced at 6.25 and 12.5 mg/mL concentrations, while it was least pronounced at 50 mg/mL. PCR revealed that the group treated with a 6.25-mg/mL concentration exhibited significantly elevated expression rates of RUNX2, OPG, and Ki67 in contrast with the control group. Conversely, the 50-mg/mL concentration group demonstrated the lowest expression levels. Regarding TNF-α, the 50-mg/mL concentration group showed the greatest expression levels compared with the control group and all other concentrations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The data indicate that low concentrations of PG could enhance osteogenic differentiation and exert anti-inflammatory effects on hPDLSCs. These dual actions suggest that PG, at optimized doses, may serve as a promising natural agent for periodontal regeneration and bone tissue engineering. Future studies are warranted to evaluate its clinical potential in regenerative medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":12028,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"1223-1232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13623485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146040732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Benchmark of Seven Large Language Models for Traumatic Dental Injury Knowledge.","authors":"Kittipat Termteerapornpimol, Sirinya Kulvitit, Sasiprapa Prommanee, Zohaib Khurshid, Thantrira Porntaveetus","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1812064","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1812064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) are complex clinical conditions that require timely and accurate decision-making. With the rise of large language models (LLMs), there is growing interest in their potential to support dental management. This study evaluated the accuracy and consistency of DeepSeek R1's responses across all categories of TDIs and benchmarked its performance against other common LLMs.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>DeepSeek R1 and six other LLMs, ChatGPT-4o mini, ChatGPT-4o, Claude 3.5 Sonnet, Claude 3 Opus, Gemini 1.5 Flash, and Gemini 1.5 Advanced, were assessed using a validated question set (125 items) covering five subtopics: general introduction, fractures, luxations, avulsions of permanent teeth, and TDIs in the primary dentition (25 items per group) with a specific prompt. Each model was tested with five repetitions for all items.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>Accuracy was calculated as the percentage of correct responses, while consistency was measured using Fleiss' kappa analysis. Kruskal-Wallis H and Dunn's post-hoc test were applied for comparisons of three or more independent groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DeepSeek R1 achieved the highest overall score of 86.4% ± 2.5%, despite the most inconsistent responses (κ = 0.694), statistically higher than those of ChatGPT-4o mini (74.7% ± 0.9%), Claude 3 Opus (75.2% ± 1.0%), and Gemini 1.5 Flash (73.85% ± 2.3%) (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Across all models, accuracy was notably lower for luxation injury questions (68.3% ± 3.2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LLMs achieved moderate to high accuracy, yet this was tempered by varying degrees of inconsistency, particularly in the top-performing DeepSeek model. Difficulty with complex scenarios like luxation highlights current limitations in artificial intelligence (AI)'s diagnostic reasoning. AI should be viewed as a valuable dental educational and clinical adjunctive tool for knowledge acquisition and analysis, not a replacement for clinical expertise.</p>","PeriodicalId":12028,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"1215-1222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13623463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145344304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reimagining Dental Education: Integrating Digital Technologies for a Global, Digitally Native Generation-A Perspective.","authors":"Ulla Palotie, Mikko Liukkonen, Peter Lingström, Szabolcs Felszeghy, Outi Huhtela, Mohammed Al-Haroni, Andreea Didilescu, Simona Georgiana Schick, Damiano Pasqualini, Khaled Ahmed, Anthony J Smith, Łukasz Zadrozny, Gulsun Gul, Barbara Kispélyi, Bekhzod Yarmukhamedov, Rachid Ait Addi, Benjamin Huberson, Daniela Alejandra Pino Valenzuela, Deepika Kapoor, Edgar Quenta-Silva, Gideon K Helegbe, Hala Ragab, Hany Mohamed Aly Ahmed, Hilal Aktaş, Kaan Orhan, Katalin Nagy, Kinga Bágyi, Laurah Turner, Latifa Berrezouga, Laura Gartshore, Leonardo M Nassani, Magrur Kazak, Mahmoud Bakr, Małgorzata Ponto Wolska, Maria Florencia Sittoni Pino, Masako Nagasawa, Mengwei Pang, Mihaela Pantea, Nikunj Sondagar, Nino Tebidze, Thanaphum Osathanon, Peter Hermann, Priyanka Gudsoorkar, Punnya Angadi Rao, Rita Marincsák, Samantha Bryne, Sibel Dincer, Ulf Örtengren, Zohaib Khurshid, Sompop Bencharit, Barry Quinn, Gianrico Spagnuolo, Margaret J Cox, Mutlu Özcan, Hiroe Ohyama, David P Rice, Reinhard Chun Wang Chau","doi":"10.1055/s-0046-1823144","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0046-1823144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Digital technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), virtual reality (VR), and haptic simulation, are rapidly reshaping oral health education. Traditional phantom head and clinic-based teaching remain essential but no longer suffice alone for digital-native learners or for regulators who increasingly view digital competence as mandatory. Post-COVID evidence suggests immersive and hybrid approaches can enhance motivation, deepen learning, support well-being, and strengthen clinical competence when thoughtfully embedded into curricula. Done well, this integration can foster safer, patient-centered digital care.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Sustainability concerns around traditional, resource-intensive methods are also growing; digital tools can reduce material waste and resource use, aligning dental education with the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. However, access to these innovations is uneven, raising concerns about a digital divide in graduate readiness and patient care. Networks such as the American Dental Education Association (ADEA), the Association for Dental Education in Europe (ADEE), the Haptic and AI Digital Education Network for Excellence and Research (HAiDENERS) show how collaboration and benchmarking can democratize advanced simulation. Together with active communication involving global research bodies and industry, these developments enable a hybrid, evidence-informed, and equitable training ecosystem whose ultimate goal is improved, safer, and more predictable oral health care worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":12028,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"1091-1100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13623480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148293872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical and Chemical Properties of All-in-One Root Canal Irrigants: A Laboratory Study.","authors":"Sonia Gupta, Rajkumar Narkedamalli, Krishna Prasad Shetty, Nidambur Vasudev Ballal","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1812107","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1812107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This <i>ex vivo</i> study aimed to compare the physical and chemical properties of two all-in-one root canal irrigants-Dual Rinse HEDP (DR HEDP) and Triton-with respect to their soft tissue dissolution efficacy, effect on dentin surface roughness, and demineralization potential.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty extracted human single-rooted teeth were used to evaluate soft tissue dissolution and demineralization, while 40 dentin slices from 20 teeth were used for surface roughness analysis. Irrigants tested included DR HEDP, Triton, NaOCl (positive control) alone, and distilled water (negative control). Soft tissue dissolution was assessed using standardized pulp tissue analogs. Calcium ion release was measured via atomic absorption spectrometry to assess demineralization. Surface roughness was analyzed using atomic force microscopy. Statistical analysis included analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc tests with significance set at <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DR HEDP and NaOCl alone showed the highest tissue dissolution (36.49 and 35.57%, respectively, <i>p</i> > 0.05), significantly outperforming Triton (29.50%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Triton exhibited the greatest dentin surface roughness (191.37 nm), significantly higher than DR HEDP (104.25 nm) and NaOCl (101.24 nm) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Calcium ion release was highest in the Triton group (135.61 mg/L), followed by DR HEDP (49.66 mg/L) and NaOCl (26.06 mg/L), with all intergroup differences being significant (<i>p</i> < 0.001), except between DR HEDP and NaOCl (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DR HEDP exhibited superior soft tissue dissolution similar to NaOCl, while causing significantly less dentin surface roughness and demineralization than Triton.</p>","PeriodicalId":12028,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"1196-1204"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13623460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145344313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenome and Metabolic Pathways in Plaque Biofilms of Thai ELANE-Associated Neutropenic Patients: An Original Study and Scoping Review.","authors":"Wanna Chetruengchai, Kanokwan Sriwattanapong, Chawan Manaspon, Kausar S Fakhruddin, Lakshman Samaranayake, Vorasuk Shotelersuk, Thantrira Porntaveetus","doi":"10.1055/s-0046-1818559","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0046-1818559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Congenital neutropenia, particularly ELANE-associated forms, is associated with recurrent oral infections and aggressive periodontitis. While ELANE deficiency compromises oral health, its relationship to plaque biofilm ecology and metabolic function remains unclear. The oral microbiome-metabolome interplay in this condition remains largely uncharacterized globally. Here, we address this gap by characterizing the dental plaque metagenome and inferred metabolic pathways in a defined cohort of Thai neutropenia patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this exploratory study, we sequenced dental plaque samples from a defined cohort of nine individuals: three patients with severe congenital neutropenia or cyclic neutropenia (CyN) with confirmed ELANE variants, and six from age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Shotgun metagenomics was used for genomic analysis, followed by comprehensive microbiota examination. Subsequently, MetaCyc, a curated database, was used for in silico analysis and comparisons of the predicted functional pathways between the test and control plaque biofilms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The principal coordinate analysis plot and heat map revealed distinct segregation of microbial profiles between the patients and control groups. A significant variation in the proportions of the five core phyla was noted in patients and controls. Two commensal species, Aggregatibacter sp oral taxon 458 and Leptotrichia sp oral taxon 212, were enriched in the controls. Conversely, four species were significantly enriched in the patients, Selenomonas flueggei, Streptococcus milleri, Kingella oralis, and Actinobaculum sp oral taxon 183; the latter being notably elevated across all patients. The MetaCyc in silico analyses suggested predicted enrichment of functional pathways associated with inflammation and oxidative stress in patients, including L-methionine biosynthesis IV, formaldehyde assimilation III, L-rhamnose degradation, and the superpathway of (R,R)-butanediol biosynthesis pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study advances the understanding of ELANE-associated periodontitis by moving beyond descriptive microbiota analysis to suggest potential associations between host immune deficiency, microbial dysbiosis, and the microbiota-associated metabolic pathway alterations. These findings provide preliminary insights into targeted periodontal care in neutropenic patients, though further validation in larger cohorts is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":12028,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"1281-1296"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13623484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147510856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}