European journal of orthodontics最新文献

{"title":"Treatment modalities in bone-borne maxillary protraction in children with maxillary retrognathism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Sarah J Kathem, Thomas K Pedersen","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf023","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the systematic review and meta-analysis is to compare the efficacy of 4 different bone-anchored maxillary protraction techniques: 1) bone-anchored maxillary elastics (BAMP), 2) maxillary bone anchors combined with facemask (BAFM), 3) hybrid hyrax combined with facemask (HHFM) and 4) hybrid hyrax combined with mandibular bone anchors (HH-BAMP).</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>The search was performed in four electronic databases: Pubmed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science. In addition, the reference lists of eligible articles have been hand-searched.</p><p><strong>Selection criteria: </strong>Study designs included: randomized controlled trials, non-randomized controlled trials, case-control studies including more than 4 patients.</p><p><strong>Data collection and analysis: </strong>Qualitative and quantitative information were extracted for each study including author, year of publication, study type, sample size, chronological age of patient group pretreatment (years), skeletal maturity stage, gender (female/male), treatment duration (months), treatment type, type of skeletal anchorage, force magnitude (grams), duration of protraction (hours), RME or Alt-RAMEC and cephalometric measurements.Statistical heterogeneity was assessed by a stratified analysis for mean difference (MD) and a graphical display of the estimated treatment effects. A meta-analysis comparing treatment effects for the four groups were only made if two or more outcomes were reported.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>653 articles were initially screened, 25 full-text articles satisfied the inclusion criteria including 6 randomized controlled trials. Comparing the four maxillary protraction protocols, SNA improved significantly more in group 4 compared to the other groups including group 1 (mean difference 1.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6-2.1; p < 0.001).Treatment with facemask (group 2) seemed to increase the lingual inclination of the lower incisors (IMPA) while in the other groups, proclination of the lower incisors were evident.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The level of evidence in the selected articles ranged from low to moderate. The current evidence suggests that skeletally anchored rapid maxillary expansion combined with maxillary protraction with mandibular bone anchors yields the greatest maxillary advancement in cl.III patients.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>The study has been registered at PROSPERO with registration number CRD42023380964.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Craniofacial dimensions and malocclusions in children and adolescents with a high body mass index: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Douglas Teixeira da Silva, Luiz Renato Paranhos, Helena Benatt do Nascimento Alves, Heitor Bernardes Pereira Delfino, Caio Melo Mesquita, Walbert de Andrade Vieira, Carlos Flores-Mir, Guilherme de Araújo Almeida","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf044","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity and overweight represent significant public health concerns affecting children and adolescents. Besides their association with accelerated pubertal growth, the high body mass index (BMI) has been implicated in craniofacial dimension alterations and malocclusion development within this age group.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the impact of high BMI on sagittal and vertical craniofacial dimensions and malocclusions in children and adolescents. Search methods: We conducted unrestricted electronic searches across nine databases until November 2024. Selection criteria: Inclusion criteria were cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies involving participants aged 5 to 19 years that established a relationship between BMI, dimensional changes in craniofacial structures, and the presence of malocclusion. The research question applied the PECO framework. Data collection and analysis: After removing duplicates, extracting the data, and assessing the risk of bias with the JBI Critical Appraisal Tools for observational studies, we performed random-effects meta-analyzes of mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Subsequently, we assessed the quality of evidence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 21 articles (19 cross-sectional, one cohort, one case-control) with low-to-moderate risk of bias. Eight studies focused on craniofacial dimensions, and 13 on malocclusion. The meta-analysis revealed significantly larger sagittal dimensions in patients with obesity or overweight, including extended cranial base length (S-N, MD = 0.8452 [0.5531-1.1373]), mandibular length (Cd-Gn, MD = 0.5770 [0.0639-1.0902]), maxillary length (Cd-A, MD = 0.8021 [0.4251-1.1790]), and bimaxillary protrusion (SNA, MD = 0.6008 [0.1099-1.0916]; SNB, MD = 0.6712 [0.1328-1.2096]; SNPg, MD = 0.5921 [0.0666-1.1175]). Concurrent gains in posterior facial height (S-Go, MD = 0.6619 [0.2385; 1.0853]) in the vertical dimension usually did not alter the overall facial plane, tending towards more horizontal growth. These gains were higher for girls with high BMI. Regarding malocclusions, only two of the 13 studies identified statistically significant associations between dental crowding and high BMI. While seven studies exhibited a low risk of bias, the included articles commonly demonstrated limited control over potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on limited evidence, children and adolescents with high BMI presented enhanced bimaxillary prognathism and enlarged sagittal and vertical craniofacial dimensions. The BMI did not consistently impact malocclusions, although a few studies linked dental crowding to overweight. Orthodontic planning for this population should consider the patient's BMI.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>PROSPERO (CRD 42024511194).</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic or local administration of bisphosphonate and the orthodontic tooth movement in animals: a systematic review.","authors":"Fryal Mohammad Ali Rahme, Ahmad S Burhan, Mohammad Y Hajeer, Fehmie R Nawaya","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf027","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Applying a pharmacological substance to provide appropriate anchorage is a simple procedure that does not depend on the patient, does not irritate the soft tissue inside or outside the mouth, is accepted by the patient aesthetically, and has a lower cost than anchorage devices. Bisphosphonates (BPs) have been suggested in the orthodontic literature for anchorage, but there is little evidence regarding their effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This systematic review aimed to assess the quality of evidence from animal research that demonstrated how bisphosphonate, when administered locally and systemically, reduced the movement of teeth in orthodontics.</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>We performed a broad electronic search to retrieve relevant studies from eight databases and hand-searching from 1990 up to June 2024 to identify the animal trials that met the inclusion criteria of this systematic review.</p><p><strong>Selection criteria: </strong>The review included animal studies that evaluated the rate of tooth movement following localized injection of bisphosphonates with simulated orthodontic tooth movement.</p><p><strong>Data collection and analysis: </strong>The Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation's tool (SYRCLE) was used to assess the risk of bias for the included papers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>690 titles were found using the search method. Following screening, 361 articles were excluded. The full texts of the remaining 65 papers were read entirely, and ten papers were included in this review. Two studies were judged as having a 'low risk of bias', whereas the other showed an 'unclear risk of bias'. When BPs treatment was used in comparison to the naive and saline groups, the results showed a decrease in OTM, osteoclast number, and alveolar bone loss, but there are conflicting findings about how BPs affect root resorption. In the periodontal ligament, the BPs groups showed decreased vascularization and increased necrotic zones without causing osteonecrosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Local or systemic application of bisphosphonate can alter the bone remodeling cycle, affecting osteoclast activity and, consequently, orthodontic tooth movement. So, they could be applied to give a high degree of anchorage to limit adverse movement. However, longer-term research is needed to evaluate potential side effects from bisphosphonate use during orthodontic treatment.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>The systematic review protocol was registered on 23/8/2022 in the National Institute of Health Research's PROSPERO; the registration number is CRD42022348745.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editor's report 2024.","authors":"David P Rice","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjaf031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Root resorption associated with minimally invasive surgical acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review.","authors":"Mohamad Radwan Sirri, Mohammad Y Hajeer, Feras Baba, Ossama Aljabban, Ahmad S Burhan, Mohammad Osama Namera","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjaf035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Root resorption (RR) is a critical concern in orthodontics. It is influenced by treatment duration and techniques. Minimally invasive surgically accelerated orthodontics (MISAO) aims to reduce treatment time but may impact RR, necessitating a systematic evaluation of its effects.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review aims to evaluate the impact of MISAO techniques on RR across different types of orthodontic movements compared to conventional techniques.</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>A systematic search of nine databases and a manual screening of journals were conducted following PRISMA guidelines, with no restrictions on language or publication date (up to June 2024).</p><p><strong>Selection criteria: </strong>Studies evaluating RR before/after MISAO in humans, with ≥ 5 participants per group, were included. Animal studies, non-surgical interventions, and studies lacking RR data were excluded.</p><p><strong>Data collection and analysis: </strong>Bias risk was assessed using the RoB 2.0 tool for RCTs and the ROBINS-I tool for CCTs. RR assessment quality was evaluated using the McHarm tool, and evidence certainty was determined using the GRADE approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A review of 23 studies (585 participants, ≈ 2,420 teeth) showed varied MISAO effects on RR. MOPs and piezocision had no significant impact on RR during leveling, alignment, and canine retraction (P > 0.05), except for isolated cases where piezocision reduced RR (P < 0.05). IN En-masse retraction, piezocision reduced RR in central incisors and the right canine (P = 0.030, 0.046, 0.025), while MOPs had no effect (P = 0.175). Upper molar distalization with MOPs increased RR in mesiobuccal roots (P = 0.043) but decreased it in distobuccal roots (P < 0.001). Piezocision reduced RR during lower second molar protraction (P = 0.005), while MOPs and piezocision increased RR during buccal tipping (P = 0.029 and P = 0.001, respectively). Evidence quality ranged from 'very low' to 'moderate'.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This review indicates that while MISAO affects RR similarly to conventional methods during leveling and alignment, its impact varies for other orthodontic movement types. Minimizing surgical invasiveness is key to reducing RR risk while maximizing the benefits of accelerated treatment. Direct resorption occurs due to poorly planned procedures applied too close to the root, while indirect resorption is influenced by bone density and tooth movement. Further research is needed to standardize RR assessment methods and explore long-term outcomes to refine MISAO techniques for safer and more predictable results.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>The protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (ID: CRD42023393763).</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clear aligner treatment in adult patients with class III malocclusion: lower distalization and class III elastics vs class III elastics alone - a RCT.","authors":"Francesca Gazzani, Chiara Pavoni, Francesca Chiara De Razza, Letizia Lugli, Paola Cozza, Roberta Lione","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf052","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>to analyze the effects of clear aligner treatment in adult patients with moderate Class III malocclusion, comparing the lower molar distalization and Class III elastics protocol with the application of Class III elastics alone.</p><p><strong>Null hypothesis: </strong>There is no significant difference between lower molar distalization and the use of Class III elastics alone in the correction of Class III disharmony.</p><p><strong>Trial design: </strong>Two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial with a 1:1 allocation ratio.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>31 adult patients with moderate Class III malocclusion were blindly assigned into two groups.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>Group 1 (7 f, 8 m; 19.1 ± 1.7 y) was treated with lower molar distalization combined with Class III elastics and dento-alveolar expansion. In Group 2 (9 f, 6 m; 19.7 ± 0.1.3 y) all subjects underwent Class III elastics and dento-alveolar expansion.</p><p><strong>Primary objective: </strong>to evaluate changes in the position of the lower first molars and of the lower incisors at the end of both treatment protocols (i.e. lower molar distalization and Class III elastics vs Class III elastics).</p><p><strong>Secondary objectives: </strong>to compare sagittal and vertical skeletal changes obtained at the end of treatment with both protocols.</p><p><strong>Outcome assessment: </strong>a customized cephalometric analysis, including 16 dento-skeletal variables, was performed before (T0) and at the end of treatment (T1) with an average time interval of about 24 +/- 6 months.</p><p><strong>Randomization: </strong>randomization sequence was generated with a 1:1 allocation ratio.</p><p><strong>Blinding: </strong>cephalometric analysis and statistical comparisons were conducted by blinded operators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>30 patients completed treatment and were included in the final analysis (1 drop-out in Group 2). Group 1 revealed a significant improvement in vertical and sagittal position of both molars and incisors compared to Group 2 (respectively L6-MP, -2.8 mm and -0.6 mm; L6^MP, -0.7° and -2.5°, L6 crown-CoGo, -1.4 mm and -0.2 mm; L6 apex-CoGo, -3.3 mm and -1.5 mm; L1 crown-CoGo, -2.9 mm and + 1.9 mm; L1 apex- CoGo -1.7 mm and + 2.6 mm). Both groups showed a significant increase in upper incisor inclination (Group 1, + 2°; Group 2, + 2.7°), overjet (Group 1, + 1.6 mm; Group 2; + 1.3 mm), and overbite (Group 1, + 1.3 mm; Group 2; + 1.1 mm).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The lower molar distalization protocol combined with Class III elastics allowed a more significant improvement in occlusal relationships in the treatment of Class III malocclusion in adult patients, compared to a protocol that involves the use of intermaxillary elastics alone.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06859606.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing tooth mobility before and after miniscrew implantation for diagnosing root contact: a cadaveric animal study.","authors":"Yasuhiko Oga, Keita Yamagata, Junya Kusumoto, Naoki Miura, Shouichi Miyawaki","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf030","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether miniscrew-root contact can be diagnosed by assessing tooth mobility before and after miniscrew implantation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Cadaveric pig mandibles were used, with 80 miniscrews placed mesial to the first premolars and distal to the fourth premolars. Maximum insertion torque (MIT) was measured for the first premolar miniscrews. Tooth mobility was assessed before and after implantation, and the Periotest Value difference (PTV-Diff) was calculated. Miniscrew-root distance (MS-R Dist) was measured using computed tomography. Spearman's rank correlations were analysed between MS-R Dist and PTV-Diff, and between MS-R Dist and MIT. Diagnostic efficacy was assessed using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PTV-Diff exhibited a positive correlation with MS-R Dist (rs > 0.7, P < 0.001), confirming reduced tooth mobility when miniscrews contacted tooth roots. PTV-Diff demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy, with an area under the ROC curve > 0.9, outperforming MIT. Three observed root fractures influenced the correlation between MS-R Dist and PTV-Diff.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The primary limitation is the use of cadaveric mandibles, allowing ideal perpendicular percussion with the Periotest system, which may be challenging to replicate in humans due to anatomical constraints.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggested that PTV-Diff effectively diagnoses miniscrew-root contact, outperforming MIT. Differences between first and fourth premolars emphasize the need for tooth-specific cut-off values in clinical applications. Root fractures significantly affected diagnostic accuracy, underscoring the importance of multiple PTV measurements during miniscrew placement. Measuring tooth mobility before and after miniscrew implantation may hold promise as a diagnostic approach for detecting miniscrew-root contact.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144728993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictability of tooth derotation with clear aligners and its influencing factors: a retrospective study.","authors":"Shangyou Wen, Donger Lin, Xuechun Yuan, Shuangcheng Wang, Yi Yang, Guannan Hu, Wenli Lai, Hu Long","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjaf036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the predictability of derotation in incisors, canines, and premolars, as well as to determine overtreatment ratios associated with derotation using clear aligners.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 461 rotated teeth from 44 patients undergoing Invisalign® (Align Technology, Santa Clara, CA) clear aligner treatment. The sample was divided into maxillary and mandibular incisors, canines, and premolars. The occlusal and mid-sagittal planes were constructed, and derotation angles and efficiencies were measured using intraoral scans imported into Geomagic Control X (3D Systems, Rock Hill, SC, USA, 2022). Age, sex, skeletal patterns, derotation direction, anterior spacing, premolar extraction, attachment types, and direction of intermaxillary elastics traction were recorded and analyzed for their correlation with derotation discrepancies. Calibrated predictability values were reevaluated, and the corresponding overtreatment design ratios were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant difference in derotation effectiveness across tooth types (P > 0.05). The discrepancy between the predicted and achieved derotation values was significantly correlated with the designed derotation values for maxillary teeth and mandibular incisors (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that age, sex, skeletal patterns, derotation direction, anterior spacing, premolar extraction, attachment types, and direction of intermaxillary elastics traction differentially influenced derotation movements. The suggested overtreatment ratios for maxillary incisors, mandibular incisors, maxillary canines, and maxillary premolars are 27%, 30%, 35%, and 38%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Derotation predictability is primarily influenced by factors such as the magnitude of derotation, available space, derotation direction, intermaxillary elastics traction direction, and the mesiodistal/buccolingual ratio, but not by the type of attachment used.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of mouthwashes on the morphology, structure, and mechanical properties of orthodontic materials: a systematic review of randomized clinical studies.","authors":"Angeliki Anna Gkinosati, Miltiadis A Makrygiannakis, Eleftherios G Kaklamanos","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf048","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Therapeutic mouthwashes are commonly used in dentistry to support mechanical plaque removal. Their interaction with orthodontic materials is increasingly studied due to potential effects on biocompatibility and biomechanics.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate in a systematic manner and evaluate the quality of the available evidence from randomized clinical trials regarding the effects of various mouthwashes on the morphology, structure, and mechanical properties of polymeric and metallic orthodontic materials.</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>Comprehensive electronic and manual searches were conducted in seven databases from inception until August 2024.</p><p><strong>Selection criteria: </strong>We analysed randomized controlled clinical studies that examined the impact of mouthwashes on the morphology, structure, and mechanical properties of both polymeric and metallic orthodontic materials.</p><p><strong>Data collection and analysis: </strong>Data eligibility, data extraction, and risk of bias (RoB-2 tool) were performed independently.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten studies were included, with most of them presenting some concerns in terms of bias. Chlorhexidine mouthrinse use did not affect the shear bond strength of polycarbonate brackets, the soldering alloys, as well as the stainless-steel bracket surfaces, but increased the roughness and friction of stainless-steel wires. The corrosion and mechanical properties of NiTi wires were not significantly affected by chlorhexidine. Rinsing with fluoride solutions increased surface roughness of NiTi wires, with more pronounced effects seen in acidulated fluoride solutions. While yield strength increased, no significant impacts on unloading force or modulus of elasticity was observed. Mouthwashes containing Salvadora persica did not significantly alter the surface topography of stainless-steel brackets and the roughness of stainless-steel archwires.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The evidence from randomized clinical trials suggests that chlorhexidine- and fluoride-containing mouthwashes may impact the structure and certain mechanical properties of stainless-steel and NiTi archwires. While study limitations exist, clinicians should be mindful of possible effects on orthodontic treatment.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>Open Science Framework: osf.io/hz6wk.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12159413/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasolabial shape and aesthetics in patients with cleft lip and palate: analysis of 3D facial images.","authors":"Silvan Schmutz, Nikolaos Gkantidis, Andrzej Brudnicki, Piotr S Fudalej","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf051","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>In individuals with cleft lip and palate, nasolabial asymmetry and dysmorphology are associated with lower aesthetic ratings, though this relationship remains unclear. This study examines how deviations in nasolabial shape from the average affect aesthetic ratings.</p><p><strong>Materials/methods: </strong>3D stereophotogrammetric images were taken from 53 children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) (34 boys, 19 girls; mean age: 10.5 ± 0.6 years) and 53 age and sex-matched children without cleft. UCLP repair was performed by three experienced surgeons in a single stage at 8.2 ± 2.3 months. An average 3D nasolabial shape model of noncleft individuals was created via geometric morphometrics with 10 fixed points and 100 semilandmarks. The Procrustes distances of the noncleft average shape from each cleft shape quantified nasolabial dysmorphology, while 15 laypersons rated nasolabial aesthetics on a 100-mm visual analogue scale (VAS; lower scores = poorer aesthetics). Internal rater-consistency was assessed via the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Correlation analysis examined the relationship between aesthetics and nasolabial dysmorphology in the cleft group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean ICC of 0.85 (95% CI: 0.78-0.91) indicated high consistency among the raters. The average aesthetic rating for the cleft group was 42.2 ± 16.5. The mean Procrustes distance was 0.0993 ± 0.0205. Greater deviation from the average noncleft shape was associated with lower aesthetic ratings (Pearson's r = -0.282, p = 0.041).</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>This single-centre, retrospective study may have selection bias and limited generalizability, with a predominantly prepubertal sample.</p><p><strong>Conclusions/implications: </strong>Nasolabial aesthetics is influenced by the degree of deviation from the average noncleft shape, although this relationship explains only a small portion of the variance (R2 = 0.08). Other factors likely contribute to nasolabial aesthetic ratings.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12187994/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144483694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}