European journal of orthodontics最新文献

{"title":"Does incisor inclination change during orthodontic treatment affect gingival thickness and the width of keratinized gingiva? A prospective controlled study.","authors":"Dimitrios Kloukos, George Koukos, Ioannis Doulis, Andreas Stavropoulos, Christos Katsaros","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf001","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This prospective controlled study aimed to assess whether changes in mandibular incisor inclination during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances affect gingival thickness (GT) and the width of keratinized gingiva (WKG), and having as reference an untreated group of participants.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty consecutively recruited adult orthodontic patients and 40 untreated volunteers, matched for age and gender and selected from the same background population serving as controls, were included. Mandibular incisor inclination was measured in lateral cephalograms before treatment commencement (T0) and 1 month before fixed appliances' removal (T1). Gingival thickness was measured using an Ultrasound Device (US) and width of keratinized gingiva (WKG) using a standard periodontal probe within the frames of a full periodontal examination at T0, T1, and 1 year after bracket removal (T2), that is, at about 30 months from T1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nineteen females and 21 males in each group [mean age in years (range): intervention group 23.1 (16.8-43.3); control: 21.85 (18.2-43.9)] were analysed. Overall, change in incisor proclination [mean change in Incisor Mandibular Angle Plane-IMPA (ΔIMPA) was 6.35° (SD 5.08°)] was not associated with any significant change in soft tissue thickness and with alterations in WKG. The group receiving fixed appliances did not exhibit thickening or thinning of GT in comparison to the control group; the WKG was reduced in the intervention group in comparison to the untreated group, where it essentially remained unchanged (#41: coeff.: -0.29, P value: .1, 95% CIs: -0.65, 0.06; #31: coeff.: -0.51, P value: .01, 95% CIs: -0.88, -0.14).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lower incisor proclination during orthodontic treatment does not appear to significantly alter GT and WKG, but orthodontic treatment, overall, leads to reduction of the WKG.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11803420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143364104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical risk factors caused by third molar levelling following extraction of a mandibular second molar.","authors":"Chiho Kato, Keita Ishizuka, Takashi Ono","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjaf005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Mandibular second molar (MdM2) is often lost, and its space is filled with a bridge or implant. MdM2 extraction followed by orthodontic treatment protracting mandibular third molar (MdM3) towards the MdM2 position may overcome the missing of MdM2. The objectives of our study were to describe the outcome of the procedure and examined clinical risk factors such as external apical root resorption (EARR) and alveolar bone loss (ABL), as the indicators of poor orthodontic treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Materials/methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 70 cases in 56 patients who received orthodontic treatment at Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital between 2007 and 2018. Multi-bracket appliances were used in all patients for MdM3 protraction. Using linear mixed effects models, EARR and ABL were regressed on various factors, including panoramic and cephalometric variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>With the mean treatment duration of 1040.4 ± 441.8 days, MdM2 space closure was achieved in 92.8% (65 cases). The ANB angle (P = .023) and the use of temporary anchorage devices (TADs) (P = .021) were significantly associated with the greater EARR, while the mandibular plane angle (P = .033) was associated with the greater ABL. MdM3 protraction using the fixed appliances resulted in the closure of MdM2 space in > 90% of cases without evident root resorption.</p><p><strong>Limitation: </strong>There is a possibility of residual confounding due to the nature of observational study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion/implication: </strong>Orthodontic treatment of MdM3 protraction may be a feasible strategy to close the space of the missing MdM2.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143364101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roles of B-cell lymphoma 6 in orthodontic tooth movement of rat molars.","authors":"Wasupol Sodsook, Yukiho Kobayashi, Hiroyuki Kamimoto, Yuki Niki, Koji Yokoo, Pintu-On Chantarawaratit, Keiji Moriyama","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjaf006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>B-cell lymphoma 6 (Bcl6) inhibits osteoclast differentiation in vitro; however, its role in orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of Bcl6 in OTM of rat molars.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>OTM was performed on the maxillary first molars of male rats using nickel-titanium coil springs (25 gf) for 14 days with or without local injection of FX1 (50 mg/kg), a Bcl6 inhibitor (n = 10 per group). Micro-computed tomography (CT) images were used to analyse OTM distance and bone morphometric parameters. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) determined Bcl6 expression and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining (TRAP) staining assessed osteoclast differentiation. TRAP staining, and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction determined the effect of FX1 (1 μM) on in vitro rat osteoclast differentiation. The effect of FX1 on cell proliferation and Smad4 expression in periodontal ligament (PDL) cells was determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Administration of FX1 significantly increased OTM distance and decreased the bone/tissue volume compared with vehicle treatment. IHC staining showed that the vehicle-OTM group had higher expression of Bcl6 than the FX1-OTM group. The number of osteoclasts on the compression side was significantly higher in the FX1-OTM group than that in the vehicle-OTM group. FX1 enhanced osteoclast differentiation and expression of Nfatc1, Dc-stamp, and Ctsk mRNA in osteoclasts in vitro. FX1 significantly promotes PDL cell proliferation in vivo and in vitro.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>We evaluated only 14 days of OTM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Bcl6 may play an important role in OTM via modulation of osteoclast differentiation and PDL cell proliferation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143364106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of genetic and environmental factors on transverse growth.","authors":"Sameer Al-Obaidi, Spyridon N Papageorgiou, Marianne Saade, Kristina M Caradonna, Alpdogan Kantarci, Leslie Will, Melih Motro","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjaf003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to determine the genetic and environmental effects on transverse growth of craniofacial structures, within and between identical and fraternal twins.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample consisted of 142 children in total, divided into 29 pairs of monozygotic twins, 42 pairs of dizygotic twins, and 1 set of dizygotic triplets. Postero-anterior cephalometric radiographs were taken at the ages of 9, 12, and 15 years. Intercanine width, maxillary width, mandibular width, nasal width, and facial width variables were measured. The genetic and environmental components of variance were analyzed with structural equation modeling for multilevel mixed effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Intercanine width was initially mainly characterized by a moderate genetic component at 9 years (53%), with environmental influence increasing at age 12 (36%) and peaking at 15 years (84%). Maxillary width was under strong genetic influence at 9 years (70%), with genetic influence remaining strong up to 15 years (73%). Mandibular width was under additive genetic influence at 9 years (76%), with dominant genetic influence remaining high at 15 years (81%). Nasal width was under strong additive genetic influence at 9 years (69%) but switched to increased environmental influence at 15 years (59%). Finally, facial width had a moderate genetic influence at 9 years (66%), which increased at 15 years (90%).</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>This study included patients of European descent, which may limit the generalizability of the findings to other ethnic groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although monozygotic and dizygotic twins share at least part of their genetic material, environmental factors accounted for about 10%-84% of variability at various ages, with intercanine width being most affected.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of micro-osteoperforation (MOP) in molar distalization treatments: an exploratory systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs.","authors":"Erfan Bardideh, Mahsa Ghorbani, Mina Fani Disfani, Hooman Shafaee, Fatemeh Mehmani","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjaf004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Molar distalization is a therapeutic approach commonly used for treating Class II malocclusions. However, the extended duration of this treatment often leads to its replacement with alternative methods that offer shorter treatment times. Micro-osteoperforation (MOP) has been introduced as a technique aimed at accelerating tooth movement and reducing treatment duration. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of MOP on molar distalization outcomes to provide evidence for its effective and safe use.</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases, including MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane's CENTRAL, up to April 2024, without any language or date restrictions.</p><p><strong>Selection criteria: </strong>Only randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that addressed the defined PICO question were included in the analysis. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 (RoB 2) tool.</p><p><strong>Data collection and analysis: </strong>Relevant data were extracted using custom-designed forms, and a random-effects inverse variance meta-analysis was performed to synthesize the results. The primary outcomes analyzed were the rate and amount of molar distalization, while secondary outcomes included pain levels, root resorption, and periodontal health.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four RCTs, involving a total of 71 participants, were included in this exploratory review. Most studies were at low or some concerns risk of bias. The meta-analysis revealed no significant differences in the rate or amount of molar distalization between the MOP and control groups (mean difference [MD] = 0.1 mm/month and 0.01 mm, respectively, P > .05). However, the MOP group reported significantly higher pain levels on the day of the procedure (MD = 2, P = .01) on a 10-point visual analog scale (VAS) compared to the control group. This difference in pain perception was no longer significant seven days after the procedure (MD = 0.52, P = .52).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While MOP is associated with increased immediate postoperative pain, it does not significantly enhance the efficiency of molar distalization. Therefore, the use of MOP for distalization should be judiciously considered and reserved for cases that involve particularly challenging or prolonged movements, based on the specific needs and characteristics of each patient. Limitations of this review include the small number of available RCTs and variability in MOP protocols, which may limit the generalizability of the findings.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>The protocol for this systematic review was registered at PROSPERO with the ID CRD42024589482.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palatal rugae change shape following orthodontic treatment: a comparison between extraction and non-extraction borderline cases using fractal analysis and 3D superimposition.","authors":"Miltiadis A Makrygiannakis, Dimitrios Konstantonis, Heleni Vastardis, Athanasios E Athanasiou, Demetrios J Halazonetis","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjae070","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjae070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Palatal rugae are used as anatomical landmarks on the hard palate, in various clinical applications; in forensics, for insertion of mini-screws, and for superimposition. There is ambiguous evidence on whether they change during orthodontic treatment and to what extent. Therefore, we investigated changes in the shape, complexity, and area occupied by palatal rugae following orthodontic treatment with and without extractions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Pre- and post-treatment plaster models of maxillae of 28 cases involving first premolar extractions (17 females and 11 males) and 33 non-extraction cases (19 females and 14 males) were scanned and analysed. All participants were selected from a parent sample via discriminant analysis and represent borderline cases. We applied mesh cropping, ball pivoting, distance mapping, contour cropping of rugae, best-fit superimposition, fractal dimension (FD) analysis, and creation of rugae's convex hull area with Viewbox 4 software. The average distance between the closest points of the outlines of pre- and post-treatment palatal rugae (indicating shape change in the set of rugae), disparity in their pre- and post-treatment FDs (reflecting the complexity of their shapes), area occupied by rugae, arch depth, and size of palatal surface were then computed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The medians of the average distance between pre- and post-treatment outlines after best-fit superimposition were 0.39 mm (interquartile range [IQR]: 0.34-0.51) and 0.27 mm (IQR: 0.22-0.34) mm for the extraction and non-extraction groups, respectively (P < 0.001). The median pre-treatment FDs were 1.497 (IQR: 1.481-1.521) for the extraction group and 1.481 (IQR: 1.456-1.509) for the non-extraction group, whereas their median post-treatment FDs were 1.502 (IQR: 1.472-1.532) and 1.489 (IQR: 1.469-1.501), respectively. The differences between pre- and post-treatment fractal dimensions were not found to be significant, neither within each group, nor across the groups. On the other hand, the surface area occupied by rugae showed a median increase of 14.7 mm2 (IQR: 0.0-46.5) (P = 0.003) following non-extraction treatment only.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Palatal rugae change shape during orthodontic treatment, but their shape complexity, as measured by fractal dimensions, remains unaltered. Extraction treatment exerts a more pronounced effect in shape change compared to treatment without extractions. Nevertheless, non-extraction orthodontic treatment increases the surface on which rugae lie, as measured by means of the convex hull. Although the alterations may appear minor, it is necessary to exercise caution and prudence when employing rugae for superimposition and forensic dentistry purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the pain experienced during orthodontic treatment and bracket removal depend on the architecture of the bracket or debonding method?","authors":"Marta Gibas-Stanek, Piotr Fudalej","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjae073","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjae073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The fear of pain during the various stages of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances is a common concern of patients. Therefore, the present research aimed to thoroughly investigate the impact of bracket architecture on pain perception during active treatment, debonding, and adhesive removal.</p><p><strong>Materials: </strong>One hundred consecutive patients who completed treatment with one of two bracket systems (2-slot brackets with an integral base or conventional twin brackets with foil mesh) were included in this prospective cohort study. Participants were asked to evaluate the level of pain encountered throughout their orthodontic treatment with the fixed appliances and during bracket and adhesive removal, utilizing a 0-10 numerical rating scale. Two different methods of bracket removal (bracket debonding pliers and Lift-Off Debonding Instrument) and adhesive removal (adhesive removal pliers and rotary instrument) were tested.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study found moderate and comparable levels of pain during active treatment in both groups (4.4 ± 1.6 in the 2-slot group and 3.9 ± 1.9 in the Twin group). Debonding of brackets with integral base caused more discomfort compared to conventional twin brackets and using bracket removal pliers elicited more pain sensations than when Lift-Off Debonding Instrument were employed. Patients are likely to prefer adhesive removal methods involving rotary instruments despite the sound and vibrations produced by contra-angle handpiece.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The lack of randomization in patient grouping introduces an increased risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of the present study suggest that the bracket architecture, particularly the construction of the bracket base, affects the level of discomfort experienced during debonding.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06324162, Registered 20 March 2024-Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06324162.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635638/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Masseter muscle thickness before and after the correction of unilateral functional posterior crossbite in growing individuals: a prospective controlled clinical trial.","authors":"Fara Beltrami, Stavros Kiliaridis, Gregory S Antonarakis","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjae078","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjae078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate whether unilateral functional posterior crossbite in growing children creates an asymmetry in masseter muscle thickness and whether this asymmetry is normalized after crossbite correction.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Two groups of growing individuals were studied prospectively: (i) a treatment group: children with unilateral functional posterior crossbite, undergoing crossbite correction with maxillary expansion; and (ii) a control group: children without transversal malocclusions and orthodontic treatment. The thickness of the masseter muscles was measured bilaterally using ultrasonographic recordings at three time points: pre-treatment (T0); 9 months after (T1); and 30 months after posterior crossbite correction (T2); and at equivalent time points in the control group. Differences within and between the groups were evaluated using paired and unpaired t-tests respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was found that the thickness of the masseter muscles in patients with unilateral functional posterior crossbite was significantly thinner on the crossbite side (P = .013) by 0.5 mm. At T1, the masseter muscle of the treated crossbite side was thicker than that of the previous normal side (0.3 mm difference; P = .046) while this difference disappeared at T2 (P > .05).</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The lack of the inclusion of an untreated posterior crossbite group, and the heterogeneity in appliances used are the principal limitations of this study.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The masseter muscles in untreated individuals with unilateral functional posterior crossbite are thinner in the crossbite side than in the contralateral non-crossbite side. This muscular asymmetry however is eliminated some time after successful treatment of this malocclusion, possibly due to the bilateral symmetrization of the activity of the elevator masticatory muscles.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142893173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidimensional characterization of craniofacial skeletal phenotype of obstructive sleep apnea in adults.","authors":"Jae-Yon Roh, Nurdana Darkhanbayeva, Hye Kyu Min, Kyung-A Kim, Su-Jung Kim","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjae041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjae041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to characterize a craniofacial skeletal phenotype (CSP) of adult obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients from a multidimensional perspective, exploring the impact of transverse skeletal discrepancy (TSD) on multivariable polysomnographic profiles.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective, cross-sectional study included 102 adult OSA patients. Sagittal, vertical, and transverse skeletal patterns were categorized on the cone beam computed tomography images. The CSP of OSA patients, characterized by a Class II hyperdivergent pattern, was divided into CSP2D and CSP3D subgroups according to the presence of TSD, and compared with the non-CSP of OSA patients. Both nasal and pharyngeal airway variables were involved for assessment, and 12 polysomnographic variables with a sleepiness symptom variable were used for phenotype-based inter-group comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CSP patients revealed greater disease severity than the non-CSP patients (indicated by eight polysomnographic variables), despite being younger (P < .05) and less obese (P < .01). The CSP3D patients with TSD exhibited more severe OSA than the age- and BMI-matched CSP2D patients without TSD, as indicated by nine polysomnographic variables, in relation to smaller nasal airway volume, smaller pharyngeal minimum cross-sectional area, and longer pharyngeal airway length (all P < .05). The probability of multiperspective characteristics among three phenotypes was significantly contrasted in 19 variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>From a multidimensional perspective, the CSP patients showed greater OSA severity with more vulnerable nasal and pharyngeal airways than non-CSP patients, despite being younger and less obese. Specifically, the CSP3D patients revealed far more severe OSA than the CSP2D patients, indicating the significance of TSD on the polysomnographic profiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143051992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and risks of sleep bruxism in children and adolescents presenting for orthodontic treatment.","authors":"Ryan Koch, Alberto Monegro, Stephen Warunek, William Tanberg, Thikriat Al-Jewair","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf002","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study determined the prevalence and risks of definite sleep bruxism (SB) among children and adolescents presenting for orthodontic treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study of 7-16-year-old subjects pursuing orthodontic treatment for the first time. The presence or absence of SB was determined using an overnight mandibular movement monitoring inertial measurement sensor, worn by each participant for two consecutive nights. Data from the sensor were extrapolated, then processed and analyzed to automatically identify rhythmic masticatory muscle activity for SB assessment. SB risks were evaluated from previously validated questionnaires, clinical examinations, lateral cephalometric radiographs, and digital study models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 87 subjects with a mean age of 12.82 years ± 2.24 and body mass index of 21.45 ± 5.49 participated in the study. The prevalence of SB was 60.7%. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that SB had statistically significant association with microarousals (events/h) (β=0.31, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.25-0.36, P < .001) and maxillary 6-6 dimension (mm) (β = 0.08, 95% CI 0.02-0.13, P = .008). A second model excluding microarousals showed that SB had a statistically significant association with sleep efficiency (SE) percentage (β = -0.15, 95% CI -0.28 to -0.01, P = .026) and obstructive respiratory disturbance index (ORDI) (events/h) (β = 0.33, 95% CI 0.15-0.51, P < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and implications: </strong>In a growing orthodontic population, definite SB is very common. SB is related to microarousals, maxillary intermolar width, SE percentage, and ORDI.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}