European journal of orthodontics最新文献

{"title":"The relationship between maxillary and mandibular third molar germ stages and skeletal orthodontic malocclusions.","authors":"Gönül Dinç, Hüseyin Melik Böyük, Saadet Çınarsoy Ciğerim","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjag066","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjag066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the relationship between third molar germ formation and three-dimensional (sagittal, vertical, and transverse) skeletal malocclusions to guide early orthodontic diagnosis and proactive treatment planning.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted using the initial orthodontic records of 483 patients (58.6% female, 41.4% male; mean age 12.42 ± 2.26 years) treated between 2014 and 2025. Initial panoramic, posteroanterior (PA), and lateral cephalometric radiographs were evaluated to determine Sella-Nasion-Point A Angle (SNA), Sella-Nasion-Point B Angle (SNB), Point A-Nasion-Point B Angle (ANB), and Sella-Nasion to Gonion-Gnathion Plane Angle (SN-GoGN) angles, along with maxillary-mandibular skeletal widths. Sagittal classification used ANB angle thresholds (Class III: ANB <0°; Class I: 0°-4°; Class II: ANB >4°); vertical classification used SN-GoGn (<27° = hypodivergent; 27°-38° = normodivergent; >38° = hyperdivergent); transverse classification used PA cephalometric skeletal widths relative to age- and sex-adjusted reference norms. Third molar germs were scored utilizing the Demirjian method. Inclusion criteria strictly required the absence of systemic diseases and prior third molar region surgeries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the early mixed dentition group, the germ formation stage of the mandibular right third molar (tooth 48) showed a nominally significant difference across sagittal skeletal malocclusion classes (P = .018; uncorrected). Skeletal Class III cases exhibited more advanced germ formation for tooth 48 compared to Skeletal Class II cases. However, following Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons (corrected threshold P < .0028), this finding did not reach statistical significance and should be considered an exploratory observation. No significant differences were found regarding transverse or vertical skeletal malocclusions across any dentition groups (P > .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>(i) No significant correlation exists between maxillary/mandibular transverse skeletal widths and third molar germ formation stages. (ii) Skeletal Class III patients in the early mixed dentition period demonstrate accelerated development of tooth 48, likely reflecting advanced sagittal mandibular growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"48 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13552500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148911245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of the registration of a digital dental cast or intraoral scan into a stereophotogrammetric image of the face: a systematic review.","authors":"Anouk E H C Go, Rutger H Schepers, Hans L L Wellens, Johan Jansma, Anne-Marie Kuijpers-Jagtman","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjag057","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjag057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent technological advances enable integration of digital dental casts or intraoral scans with 3D facial stereophotogrammetry. However, evidence on the accuracy of this integration remains limited.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the level of evidence regarding the accuracy of the integration of a digital dental cast or intraoral scan into a 3D-facial image, in comparison to a full face CBCT scan in healthy growing and nongrowing patients.</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library were searched. A manual search was performed of reference lists of included articles.</p><p><strong>Selection criteria: </strong>Inclusion criteria were studies investigating the integration of a digital dental cast or intraoral scan into a 3D stereophotogrammetric picture of the face, with a full face CBCT as a comparator. All study designs except case reports were included.</p><p><strong>Data collection and analysis: </strong>A pilot assessment was conducted, to synchronize the reviewers' criteria for data extraction. After data extraction, a Risk of bias (RoB) assessment was performed using the Quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies (QUADAS-2) tool. Certainty of the evidence was assessed by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four eligible studies were identified and two more after updating the literature search. All reviewed studies confirmed feasibility of integrating intraoral scans with 3D facial images. The QUADAS-2 assessment revealed a high risk of bias for all included studies. Certainty of evidence concerning the accuracy was very low (GRADE). Due to heterogeneity concerning registration procedures and anatomical landmarks between the included studies, a qualitative description analysis of the results was made.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The accuracy of the registration of a digital dental cast or intraoral scan into a facial scan is clinically acceptable. Most, but not all outcomes met the 2 mm or 2 degree threshold, depending on anatomical region, image acquisition, and measurement method. A 3D image of the face with an integrated digital dental cast or intraoral scan may be a promising radiation-free method for orthodontic diagnostics and treatment planning. However, due to the inconsistency in different registration methods and small sample sizes, the accuracy is yet to be further investigated.</p><p><strong>Clinical trials registration: </strong>INPLASY (INPLASY202420038).</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"48 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13445612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148677466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of automated algorithm-based versus manual dental landmark placement for model analysis and evaluation of orthodontic quality indices.","authors":"Norbert Alexander Lang, Franziska Alina Lang, Christian Niederau, Anne Schieberle, Kay Stankov, Michael Wolf, Rogerio Bastos Craveiro","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjag063","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjag063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Digital approaches have fundamentally transformed orthodontics. This study compares an automated, rule-based algorithm with manual landmark placement, evaluating the results of manual versus semi-automated orthodontic quality indices.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This retrospective method-comparison study evaluated 100 digital models from 50 orthodontic patients using the Onyxceph3™ diagnostic software. Primary automated landmark placement was assessed for four predefined dental landmark types across 14 tooth groups and was then compared with expert-based manual landmark placement, which was used as the reference standard. Deviations were quantified using Euclidean distances and signed coordinate differences along the X-, Y- and Z-axes. Secondly, we evaluated semi-automated versus manual orthodontic quality assessment using the ABO eCRE and PAR index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cusps and incisal landmarks show low levels of error when using automatic placement compared with manual placement, with a threshold of ≤1 mm. Vestibular marginal gingival landmarks show the highest deviation. Across tooth groups, mean deviations ranged from 0.54 mm for second molars (95% CI 0.49-0.59) to 0.83 mm for canines (95% CI 0.80-0.85). There was no relevant global directional bias in the X-, Y- and Z-axes. Secondary analysis revealed mean differences of 1.90 points and 3.98 points for ABO eCRE, and -0.08 points and 0.74 for PAR in initial and final models, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The automatic placement of landmarks generally showed acceptable deviations, with the exception of vestibular marginal gingival landmarks. However, the automatic detection of landmarks and orthodontic indices should always be reviewed by a clinician.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"48 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13507319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148818044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteoclast-specific HIF-1α regulates hypoxia-associated bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement.","authors":"Qian Zhang, Yi Tang, Miaomiao Bie, Tairan Wang, Yuxing Xia, Yangyifan Zhou, Rong Cong, Chaoqun Pan, Feiwu Kang","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjag062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjag062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the role of osteoclast-specific HIF-1α in orthodontic tooth movement and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A controlled experimental study was performed using a murine OTM model and osteoclast-specific HIF-1α conditional knockout mice (HIF-1αfl/fl; Ctsk-Cre). In vitro osteoclast differentiation assays were conducted using RAW264.7 cells under hypoxic or hypoxia-mimetic conditions. Tooth movement distance and trabecular bone parameters were assessed by micro-computed tomography. Histological staining (H&E and TRAP), immunofluorescence, quantitative PCR and Western blotting were used to evaluate osteoclast number and the expression of HIF-1α and transferrin receptor (TFRC). Small interfering RNA was used to examine the functional role of TFRC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Osteoclast activity increased during OTM and was associated with reduced local oxygen levels and HIF-1α stabilization. Osteoclast-specific deletion of HIF-1α reduced tooth movement distance, decreased osteoclast numbers and increased trabecular bone volume. HIF-1α upregulated TFRC expression under hypoxic conditions, and TFRC silencing attenuated osteoclast differentiation. Pharmacological stabilization of HIF-1α enhanced tooth movement in wild-type mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Osteoclast-intrinsic HIF-1α contributes to force-induced bone remodeling and promotes osteoclast differentiation n through a TFRC-associated pathway. Modulation of hypoxia-responsive mechanisms may provide a potential approach to influence orthodontic treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"48 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148789852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic analysis of gingival crevicular fluid for dental age and skeletal maturity assessment in growing individuals.","authors":"Tsagkari Eirini, Panteris Eleftherios, Papadopoulos A Moschos, Chatzigianni Athina","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjag064","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjag064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to examine the metabolic profile of growing patients for potential identification of biomarkers related to dental skeletal development.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Gingival crevicular fluid samples from 54 young patients were collected and further analyzed by an untargeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. For the estimation of dental development, the Demirjian method was used, and for the skeletal maturation level, the cervical vertebrae maturation method was applied. Multivariate and univariate analyses were performed to examine possible metabolomic variations according to the chronological, dental, and skeletal age. Group differences were evaluated using Kruskal-Wallis tests, with Bonferroni correction applied to account for multiple comparisons. Spearman's ρ correlation coefficient was used to examine variable correlations. Metabolite expression variations were visualized using boxplots.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 63 compounds were retrieved with metabolomic analysis. The results showed that cadaverine and L-valine uniquely displayed robust dental age-related variation, demonstrating significant elevations during tooth development and decrease in the late stages of the dentition. Malonic acid and nonanoic acid decrease with advanced dental age. Regarding bone growth, cadaverine, L-serine, and L-homoserine have been identified as strong indicators of skeletal maturation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Several distinct metabolites showed coherent associations with skeletal and dental maturation. Additional studies employing complementary analytical methods and broader metabolome profiling are necessary to validate their association with tooth and bone growth pathways.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>The adjunct use of metabolomics in dentistry and orthodontics may lead to more precise diagnosis and personalized healthcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"48 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13587827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149001508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the accuracy of automated tooth segmentation using different orthodontic platforms and models with a large-scale clinical applicability.","authors":"Serena Moschitto, Maria Giovanna Pantalena, Umberto Gulisano, Giuseppe Palazzo, Antonino Lo Giudice","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjag029","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjag029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Tooth segmentation remains the most time-consuming task during model preparation for digital orthodontic setup. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of AI-based tooth segmentation tools of four widely used orthodontic platforms, namely Medit LINK (©Medit Corp, South Korea), DentOne (©DIORCO Co, South Korea), BlueSkyPlan (Blu Sky Bio, USA), and ArchForm, using models categorized by specific clinical characteristics.</p><p><strong>Materials/methods: </strong>A total of 270 digital dental models were retrospectively selected and assigned to nine groups: aligned dentition, crowding, spacing, ectopia, agenesis, gingival recession, tooth wear, orthodontic brackets, and attachments. Automated labeling success and segmentation quality were evaluated for each software. Mesio-distal (MD) tooth widths were calculated using Meshmixer software (Autodesk, San Rafael, Calif) and compared with unsegmented models (ground truth). All data were statistically analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BlueSkyPlan consistently outperformed the other tested software in tooth labeling, surface segmentation, and mesio-distal measurements accuracy across all model groups (P < 0.05). Labeling errors were most frequent in models with ectopic teeth (≤12.2% success) and agenesis (≤53.1% success). Surface-specific errors increased with crowding (buccal/lingual errors), spacing (mesio-distal errors), gingival recession (buccal errors), and tooth wear (occlusal errors). All software overestimated MD widths compared with ground truth with the limits of agreement considered clinically relevant (>0.30 mm) in specific software-model combinations).</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The software evaluated does not provide transparency regarding the AI technologies implemented.</p><p><strong>Conclusions/implications: </strong>The accuracy of automatic segmentation of intra-oral scans is influenced by clinical and anatomical characteristics of the dental arches and still requires clinician supervision. BlueSkyPlan currently appears to provide the most reliable performance among the tested platforms.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148148619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Powered vs. manual toothbrushes in fixed orthodontic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Yinli Liu, Fawn Nitanee Van der Weijden, Nadine Jaquet, Godefridus August Van der Weijden, Dagmar Else Slot","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjag026","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjag026","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The benefits of powered toothbrushes (PTBs) over manual toothbrushes (MTBs) are well established. However, for orthodontic patients with fixed appliances (FAs), the evidence remains diverging. Moreover, direct comparisons between PTBs with different action modes and MTBs in terms of plaque and gingivitis control are limited. With new data emerging, an updated synthesis of the literature, including subgroup analysis by PTB action mode, is warranted.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;To determine the efficacy of PTBs vs. MTBs in orthodontic patients with FAs on reducing plaque scores (PS), gingivitis scores (GS) and gingival bleeding scores (BS).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Search methods: &lt;/strong&gt;PubMed-MEDLINE and Cochrane-CENTRAL were searched until November 2025, and the reference lists of eligible studies were manually reviewed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selection criteria: &lt;/strong&gt;Controlled clinical trials (CCTs) or randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs); involving orthodontic patients with buccal FAs, toothbrushing performed by participants in good general health; comparing PTBs and MTBs; reporting PS, GS, and BS.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data collection and analysis: &lt;/strong&gt;From the included papers, data of interest were extracted, risk of bias was evaluated by RoB 2 or ROBINS-I, and a descriptive analysis was performed. Where possible, meta-analyses were performed with subgroup meta-analyses by evaluation index or/and PTB action mode, along with heterogeneity evaluation, publication bias assessment, sensitivity analysis and trial sequential analysis. The evidence quality and effect sizes were assessed, and, where appropriate, the strength of recommendations was rated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Twenty-three papers (including 39 comparisons) were eligible, with low-to-high risk of bias and considerable heterogeneity. Descriptive analysis found no overall difference in most comparisons for PS (64%), GS (76%), and BS (75%). Incremental-difference meta-analyses indicated PTBs had medium effects over MTBs on PS [standardized mean difference (SMD) = -0.77, 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.33 to -0.21, P = .007, I2 = 92%], large effects on GS (SMD = -0.82, 95% CI: -1.55 to -0.09, P = .03, I2 = 93%), and medium effects on BS (SMD = -0.51, 95% CI: -0.88 to -0.13, P = .008, I2 = 80%). All sensitivity analyses confirmed PTB benefits for BS, with RCT-restricted analyses supporting improvements for PS and GS. Publication bias could not be excluded for any incremental-difference meta-analyses, and evidence quality was low across all parameters. In subgroup meta-analyses by PTB action mode, counter-rotational PTBs (CR-PTBs) showed large effects on PS (very low-quality evidence).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;For fixed orthodontic patients, low-quality evidence limited by methodological weaknesses and inconsistency suggests PTBs may moderately improve PS compared with MTBs, with medium to large effects on gingival parameters. Subanalysis ","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13256007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148224048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maxillo-mandibular changes after maxillary skeletal expansion according to skeletal subtype: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Kun-Woo Park, Ha-Young Kim, Kyung-A Kim, Jin-Young Choi, Hyo-Won Ahn, Su-Jung Kim","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjag045","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjag045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to evaluate three-dimensional (3D) maxillary displacement and secondary mandibular changes following miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) according to pretreatment skeletal subtypes, based on the identification of variables affecting site-specific maxillary displacement.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sixty-three patients (mean age, 21.4 ± 4.3 years) treated with MARPE were categorized by sagittal (Class I, II, III) and vertical (hyperdivergent, nonhypodivergent) subtypes. Pre and postexpansion CBCT scans were used to quantify forward and downward maxillary displacement at the anterior and posterior nasal spine (ANS and PNS), and mandibular positional changes were assessed. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify craniofacial variables affecting differential ANS and PNS displacement. Finally, maxillo-mandibular changes were compared between Class II hyperdivergent (CII-H) and Class III nonhyperdivergent (CIII-NH) patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjustment for age, gender, and the amount of midpalatal suture split, downward displacement at the ANS and PNS was significantly influenced by pretreatment sagittal, vertical, and transverse skeletal subtypes, whereas forward displacement showed no differences among subtypes. The Class III subtype exhibited less downward ANS displacement than Class I and Class II. The hyperdivergent subtype showed greater downward displacement at both ANS and PNS than the nonhyperdivergent subtype. Regarding the mandible, the hyperdivergent subtype showed a greater increase in vertical divergency, while sagittal subtypes showed no significant differences. CII-H patients showed greater 3D maxillary displacement and subsequent mandibular rotation than CIII-NH patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MARPE-induced 3D maxillo-mandibular changes were dependent on pretreatment skeletal subtypes. These findings highlight the importance of subtype-based strategic vertical control to optimize postexpansion orthodontic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148194566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral health-related quality of life after early extraction of primary second molars in children with congenitally missing second premolars: a randomized controlled trial with matched controls.","authors":"Julia Naoumova, Shaker Nawaia, Larisa Krekmanova","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjag048","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjag048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Extraction of mandibular primary second molars in patients with congenitally missing second premolars may influence oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), yet this has not been previously investigated.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the impact of mandibular primary second molar extraction on OHRQoL compared with an age- and gender-matched control group without dental agenesis.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective, randomized, longitudinal split-mouth study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients were recruited from nine public dental clinics in the Skaraborg region, Sweden (2017-2020) with bilateral congenitally missing second mandibular premolars. Each mandibular side was randomly assigned to extraction or hemisection. At the 4-year follow-up, the intervention group underwent a clinical examination and completed the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ11-14) along with a treatment recall and perception questionnaire, whereas the control group underwent a clinical examination and completed the CPQ11-14.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 80 patients, divided equally between the intervention group (n = 40) and the control group (n = 40). There was no significant difference in total CPQ scores between the intervention group (mean 8.5, SD 5.6) and the control group (mean 6.9, SD 5.6; P = 0.218), nor were any differences observed between sexes. The intervention group scored significantly higher in emotional (P = 0.018) and social well-being (P = 0.045). Hemisection was recalled as more painful than conventional extraction (P < 0.001). Despite 65% reported awareness of residual spaces, 82.5% were not interested in further treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Extraction of mandibular primary second molars in patients with congenitally missing second premolars did not adversely affect overall OHRQoL 4 years post-treatment. Hemisection was recalled as more painful than conventional extraction. Most patients were satisfied without additional treatment, indicating good long-term acceptance of residual spaces following interceptive extraction.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The trial was registered with https://www.researchweb.org/is/sverige, registration number: 967125.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13254476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148216941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral health-related quality of life, experience and satisfaction in adolescents treated for dental crowding with self-ligating or conventional fixed appliances: a multicentre randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Linda Bokander Matilainen, Kristina Johansson, Sofia Petrén, Anna Brechter, Michal Wiaderny, Ambrosina Michelotti, Liselotte Paulsson","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjag040","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjag040","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Dental crowding affects nearly half of European adolescents and can negatively impact oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), particularly emotional and social well-being dimensions. Orthodontic treatment aims to improve function, aesthetics, and psychosocial well-being, yet active treatment may temporarily impair OHRQoL due to pain, dietary restrictions, and oral hygiene challenges. Understanding how conditions affect patients requires both objective and subjective assessments, yet patient reported outcomes remain underreported in orthodontic research, especially when comparing treatment techniques.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate and compare OHRQoL, treatment motivation, expectations, quality of care and attention, and satisfaction in adolescents with dental crowding treated with two fixed appliance systems without extractions, and to explore factors associated with satisfaction with treatment outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Trial design: &lt;/strong&gt;Multicentre, two-arm, parallel-group, superiority randomized controlled trial, with pooled analyses of both treatment groups, sex-stratified comparisons, and analyses exploring associations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Adolescents (n = 132), 12-17 years, with dental crowding were randomized with 1:1 ratio using computer generated random permuted blocks, stratified by sex, to receive fixed appliance treatment without extractions with either a conventional bracket system (CB; Victory) or a passive self-ligating bracket system (PSLB; DamonQ) at four orthodontic clinics. Primary outcome was Child Perceptions Questionnaire 11-14 (CPQ) score change. Two items were omitted; sensitivity analysis confirmed minimal impact on results. Secondary outcomes were patient experience and satisfaction questionnaires (10-point scale) assessed before treatment (T0), post-alignment (T1), and post-treatment (T2). Because of the nature of the treatments, only assessors could be blinded.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Both the CB (♀39, ♂31) and PSLB (♀34, ♂28) groups reported improved OHRQoL (median CPQ score change T0-T2 for total sample: 4.5; r = 0.37, P &lt; .001) with minor intergroup differences. Oral symptoms and functional limitations worsened at T1 then improved by T2 (median change T0-T2 for each domain: 1, r = 0.23, 0.27, respectively, P &lt; .001), whereas emotional and social well-being improved throughout treatment (median change T0-T2 for each domain: 1; r = 0.28, P &lt; .001). Median scores were high for motivation (9) and overall satisfaction with treatment outcomes (≥9), and low for regretting having started treatment (1). Correlations between treatment expectations and satisfaction were observed (ρ = 0.330, P &lt; .001). Minor harms expected during orthodontic treatment included plaque accumulation, chafing and gingivitis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;This study indicates that fixed appliance treatment for dental crowding leads to improvements in OHRQoL, with temp","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13244279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148197845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}