European journal of orthodontics最新文献

{"title":"Determination of optimal incisor overtreatment and molar anchorage preparation for first-premolar extraction patients treated with clear aligners.","authors":"Yi Yang, Ziwei Tang, Xinyu Yan, Qingxuan Wang, Yan Wang, Wenli Lai, Hu Long","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjaf049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to analyze the optimal incisor overtreatment and molar anchorage preparation in premolar-extraction cases with clear aligner therapy (CAT) and generate a formula to provide reference values in the digital setup.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eligible patients who underwent upper first premolar extraction with CAT were recruited. Angular changes (buccolingual tipping of central incisors, mesiodistal tipping of upper first molars) and linear movements (incisor retraction, molar protraction) were measured. Target value was defined as the required value for the tooth to revert to its normal angulation. Excessive amount (overtreatment and anchorage preparation) beyond target values were designed in digitized setup. The differences between achieved and target values (DAT) for incisors and molars were analyzed. Associations between DAT and demographic, clinical, cephalometric, and anatomic factors were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Undesired lingual tipping (-5.5 ± 7.1º) of central incisors and mesial tipping (0.2 ± 2.5º) of first molars were observed. DAT of incisor proclination was significantly associated with incisor overtreatment, U1-SN, incisor retraction, incisor and canine attachment. DAT of molar inclination was significantly correlated with molar anchorage preparation, overbite, molar mesial displacement, incisor overtreatment, crowding, U1-SN, and cortical anchorage of canines.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>Residual confounding may persist due to limitations inherent to observational studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Optimal incisor overtreatment is influenced by incisor retraction, U1-SN, incisor and canine attachment. Molar anchorage preparation is influenced by molar mesial displacement, U1-SN, overbite, incisor overtreatment, crowding, and cortical anchorage of canines.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bullying, cyberbullying, self-esteem, psychological distress and relationship with oral health related quality of life: a cross-sectional survey in adolescents.","authors":"Francesca Cinelli, Elisabetta Paolini, Michele Nieri, Ludovica Di Paola, Giada Fiorentini, Ersilia Menesini, Lorenzo Franchi","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf058","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bullying, including cyberbullying, is a global concern. Few studies have looked at the impact of dentofacial features on bullying and their relationship with psychosocial factors. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of bullying, cyberbullying, low self-esteem, high psychological distress, and investigate the relation with Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional survey used a self-administered questionnaire distributed among middle school students (ages 10-15). The questionnaire assessed bullying/victimization (Florence Bullying and Cyberbullying Scales), self-esteem (Rosenberg scale), psychological distress (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire), and OHRQoL (CPQ11-14 ISF:16). Two-level (school and student) logistic regressions with random intercept analyzed relationships between OHRQoL and other variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 437 participants, 18% reported bullying victimization, 14% admitted bullying perpetration, 6% experienced cybervictimization, and 4% perpetrated cyberbullying. Low self-esteem was found in 22%, and 26% reported high psychological distress. CPQ11-14 ISF:16 was associated with victimization (OR = 1.08; 95%CI from 1.05 to 1.10; P < 0.001), bullying perpetration (OR = 1.07; 95%CI from 1.04; 1.11; P < 0.001), cybervictimization (OR = 1.07; 95%CI from 1.03 to 1.10; P < 0.0001), cyberbullying perpetration (OR = 1.09; 95%CI from 1.04; 1.13; P < 0.001), low self-esteem (OR = 1.07; 95%CI from 1.04 to 1.10; P < 0.001), and high psychological distress (OR = 1.10; 95%CI from 1.07 to 1.13; P < 0.001). The four most implicated reasons for teasing related to mouth/teeth/chin were tooth color or shape, orthodontic appliance wear, protruding maxillary incisors, and spacings or missing teeth.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study found a relationship between perceived oral health and bullying/cyberbullying, low self-esteem, and psychological distress. Furthermore, it highlighted that adolescents can be teased as a result of their dentofacial characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12351380/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144854911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reporting quality of randomized controlled trial abstracts presented at the European Orthodontic Society Congress between 2015-2024: has there been an improvement over time?","authors":"Saumiya Paheerathan, Dihya Flitti, Martyn T Cobourne, Fang Hua, Nikolaos Pandis, Jadbinder Seehra","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjaf039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Throughout a trial report, clear and accurate reporting is essential. The aim of this study was to assess the reporting quality of RCT abstracts presented at the European Orthodontic Society (EOS) Congress between 2015-2024. Associations between reporting quality and abstract characteristics were explored.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>All EOS Congress scientific abstracts published between 2015-2024 (2020 excluded) were included. Descriptive statistics and frequency distributions were calculated. Mean values for adequate reporting per CONSORT item and sum score were calculated. On an exploratory basis, univariable linear regression between summary score and abstract characteristics was undertaken.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>139 RCT congress abstracts were analysed. The most frequent years of RCT abstract presentation were 2018 (14.4%) and 2023 (19.4%). RCT abstracts were more likely to be poster types (62.6%), with corresponding authors based in Europe (77.7%), single centre (64.7%) and reporting a non-significant result for the primary outcome (54.0%). The mean overall total quality reporting score was 17.6 (SD 5.6, min 15 and max 22.8) out of a maximum score of 50. Items that tended not to be reported include authors contact details, participant (settings), randomization procedures and trial registration. Posters achieved lower scores compared to oral abstracts (-2.96; 95% CI -4.86, -1.07; P < 0.01). Additionally, an abstract word count greater than 251 words was associated with higher total score (3.28; 95% CI 0.74, 5.82; P = 0.012). A weak association (0.29, 95% CI: -0.03-0.62, p = 0.07) between year of abstract publication and an improvement in overall reporting score over time was evident.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>Only one society congress were assessed which may impact the generalisability of the results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In relation to the CONSORT reporting Randomized Controlled Trials in Journal and Conference Abstracts checklist, RCT abstracts presented at EOS congress between 2015-2024 remain sub-optimal with reporting of key items lacking. However, reporting quality scores have shown an association with type of presentation (oral or poster), abstract word count and some evidence of improvement over time. Measures to encourage clear and consistent RCT abstract reporting are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orthognathic surgery-induced bone remodeling and the acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement: a scoping review.","authors":"Camila Massaro, Karine Evangelista, Graziela De Luca Canto, Maria Alves Garcia Silva, José Valladares-Neto","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf059","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accelerated tooth movement after orthognathic surgery has been observed in clinical settings and referenced in the literature.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To map the existing literature on whether orthodontic tooth movement is accelerated by reactive bone remodeling after orthognathic surgery.</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>A scoping literature review of human and animal studies was conducted. Unrestricted searches in six electronic databases and gray literature sources were performed and updated in January 2025. A manual search of the reference list was also undertaken.</p><p><strong>Selection criteria: </strong>We searched for primary studies assessing the rate of tooth movement (primary outcome) or change in bone remodeling or bone density (secondary outcomes) in patients who underwent orthognathic surgery or in animals subjected to major jaw osteotomy.</p><p><strong>Data collection and analysis: </strong>Two independent reviewers selected studies and extracted data, with a third reviewer consulted if needed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 8296 identified records, eight studies published between 2008 and 2021 were included. In the animal model (n = 4), significant individual variation was noted in the rate of tooth movement following osteotomies. In humans (n = 4), metabolic changes in bone markers and a decreased alveolar bone density were recognized.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The results of the present scoping review are based mainly on human secondary outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and implications: </strong>Increased cellular and molecular activity following orthognathic surgery or major jaw osteotomy has been demonstrated in human and animal models. This biological response is associated with the systemic acceleratory phenomenon and regional acceleratory phenomenon triggered by the extent of surgical trauma. At the local level, these changes involve enhanced bone remodeling activity accompanied by a transient reduction in bone mineral density. Most available evidence in humans suggests that these effects are temporary, typically peaking within the first month post-surgery and diminishing within three months. However, definitive evidence supporting a clinically significant acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement in humans remains limited, with current understanding primarily based on robust animal studies. While the primary outcome could not be demonstrated in humans and warrants further investigation, the potential for optimizing the efficiency of post-surgical orthodontic treatment should not be overlooked.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>Open Science Framework (10.17605/OSF.IO/CWGA3).</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>The present study has not received any contributions from private or public funding agencies. The National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) supports Professor Graziela De Luca Canto.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144658769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemisection versus conventional extraction as interceptive treatment in congenitally missing mandibular second premolars: a randomised controlled split-mouth trial.","authors":"Sarah Abdul Jabbar, Shaker Nawaia, Vini Rughwani, Ken Hansen, Julia Naoumova","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf043","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The congenital absence of mandibular second premolars is a common anomaly requiring careful treatment planning. Conventional extraction of the primary molar often causes spontaneous space closure but may lead to mesial tipping of adjacent teeth. Hemisection offers an alternative to control tooth movement and reduce tipping. However, evidence comparing hemisection and conventional extraction, particularly on space closure and tooth angulation, is limited.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare conventional extraction with hemisection of the mandibular primary second molars in terms of space closure, tooth angulation, complications and associated economic implications in patients with congenital absence of mandibular second premolars.</p><p><strong>Trial design: </strong>prospective, randomised longitudinal split-mouth.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Patients with bilateral agenesis of the second mandibular molars and unerupted second molars were included and randomly allocated to either extraction or hemisection on the left or right side of the mandible. Clinical and radiographic examinations were conducted at baseline (T1) and after a mean follow-up period of 4.2 years (T2). Measurements of the residual spaces and tooth angulation of the mandibular first molar and premolar following extraction were blinded assessed on panoramic radiographs and cast models. The number of visits, chair time, social costs, and direct and indirect costs were calculated using cost minimisation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 40 patients (25 boys and 15 girls) with a mean age of 10.03 ± 1.07 years at T1 participated. No patient was lost to follow-up. The residual space between the first permanent molar and the first permanent premolar was 2.04 ± 1.67 mm for hemisection and 2.39 ± 1.86 mm for extraction (p = 0.053). A larger residual space was observed between the first permanent premolar and the canine on the hemisection side (1.80 ± 1.01 mm) than on the extraction side (1.55 ± 0.92 mm), (p = 0.045). No difference was found between the interventions regarding the angulation of the first permanent molar (p = 0.0914) or the angulation of the first permanent premolar (p = 0.7812). Hemisection resulted in significantly more complications (p = 0.0176) and was associated with substantially higher material costs, more chair time and higher indirect costs than conventional extraction (p < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hemisection is not recommended as an interceptive extraction option for patients with congenitally missing mandibular second premolars, as only minimal, clinically irrelevant differences were observed compared with conventional extraction. Moreover, hemisection is associated with increased costs and a higher risk of complications.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The trial was registered with https://www.researchweb.org/is/sverige, registration number: 967125.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12159412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of fluoride and xylitol varnishes in treating post-orthodontic white spot lesions: a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Hooman Zarif Najafi, Mojgan Shavakhi","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf047","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>White spot lesions (WSLs) are frequently encountered after orthodontic treatment. Natural remineralization is often limited, necessitating supplementary treatments.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study evaluated the remineralizing effects of 10% xylitol varnish, 5% fluoride varnish, and placebo on WSLs after orthodontic treatment.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This single-center, randomized, placebo-controlled, triple-blind clinical trial enrolled 84 patients (n = 28/group) aged 14‒25 years, who had developed WSLs after completing orthodontic treatment. The participants were randomly assigned to 5% fluoride varnish, 10% xylitol varnish, or placebo varnish groups. Randomization was performed using computer-generated block randomization. Participants, the clinician applying the varnishes and outcome assessors were all blinded to group allocation. Varnishes were applied every three months after debonding, and enamel mineralization was assessed using DIAGNOdent and visual scoring at baseline (T0), 6 months (T1), and 12 months (T2). Statistical analysis included the Kruskal-Wallis test, GEE modeling, and chi-squared test for WSL frequency (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-one participants were included in the intention-to-treat (ITT) and 76 in the per-protocol analyses. Significant improvements in mineral content were observed in all the groups after six (p = 0.007) and 12 months (p < 0.001). At T2, the fluoride group demonstrated a greater increase in enamel mineralization compared to the xylitol group (p= 0.045 in ITT, p = 0.063 in per-protocol). Visual assessment revealed significantly fewer WSLs in the fluoride group (12.1%) compared to the placebo group (25.1%) at T2 (OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.24-0.69, p = 0.001). No significant difference in WSL reduction was noted between the xylitol and placebo groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both fluoride and xylitol varnishes improved enamel mineralization, with fluoride showing superior long-term efficacy in reducing WSLs. These findings support using fluoride varnish after orthodontic treatment to prevent and manage WSLs.</p><p><strong>Harms: </strong>No harm was observed during this study.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This trial was registered and approved by the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials under the registration code IRCT20180913041032N2.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>This study was funded by Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to clinical practice guidelines amongst adolescents with buccal fixed orthodontic appliances in northeast Netherlands: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Sebastiaan P van Doornik, Scott Lietmeijer, Yijin Ren, David J Manton, Pieter U Dijkstra, Anne Marie Kuijpers-Jagtman","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf041","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescents undergoing orthodontic fixed appliance treatment face an increased risk of dental caries and developing white spot lesions (WSLs) due to challenges in maintaining effective oral hygiene. Preventive measures, including adherence to clinical guidelines, are important to reduce these risks.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyse adherence to clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) amongst patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with buccal fixed appliances in the northeast of the Netherlands.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A survey was presented to 539 adolescents aged 12-17 undergoing buccal fixed appliance treatment. Participants were recruited from ten orthodontic practices. The survey assessed adherence to the six recommendations of the Dutch CPGs. An adherence sum score (range 0 to 6) was calculated. Descriptive statistics and linear regression analyses (1000 bootstrap samples) were performed to analyse the relationships between participants' characteristics and adherence sum scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 485 adolescents started the survey, of whom 393 (72.9%) could be included (57% female; 48.9% aged 13 or 14). The median adherence sum score was 5 (IQR 4, 5), and 22.6% (n = 89) had an adherence sum score of 6. Males had a lower adherence sum score than females (-0.442, 95% CI: -0.979, -0.234). Older participants had a lower adherence sum score than younger participants (-0.066, 95%CI: -0.136, 0.002) per year of age. Higher educated participants had a lower adherence sum score than participants with lower education (-0.534, 95%CI: -0.953, -0.096).</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>Self-reported data may introduce information bias as participants may give socially desirable answers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adherence to the CPGs amongst adolescents with buccal fixed orthodontic appliances is suboptimal, particularly in boys and older adolescents. Tailored educational interventions may address these gaps.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12167228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional condyle and glenoid fossa alterations after class II treatment with twin block and herbst functional appliances - a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Manuel Gustavo Chávez-Sevillano, Felipe de Assis Ribeiro Carvalho, Jose Augusto Mendes Miguel, Klaus Barreto Dos Santos Lopes Batista, Luciana Quintanilha Pires Fernandes, Daniel José Blanco-Victorio, Cátia Cardoso Abdo Quintão","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf038","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Functional appliances, such as Twin Block and Herbst, produce dental and skeletal effects to correct Class II division 1 malocclusion. Although widely studied, there are no prospective randomized studies in the literature evaluating the effects of these appliances on the condyle (CO) and glenoid fossa (GF).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the differences in the CO and GF after treatment using Twin Block (TB) and Herbst (HB) functional appliances for skeletal Class II malocclusions.</p><p><strong>Trial design: </strong>A single-center, two-arm, parallel-group randomized controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The sample consisted of 24 patients (12 in the TB group, 11.9 ± 1 year; 12 in the HB group, 12.5 ± 1.8 years) with Class II division 1 malocclusion. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were recorded before (T0) and after (T1) treatment (12 months). Superimpositions were performed on Dolphin Imaging software, and partial 3D models of CO and GF were segmented in ITK-SNAP software. A coordinate system (X, Y, and Z axes) was created using Geomagic Qualify software in each 3D T0 model. CO and GF models were aligned in the 3D T0 and T1 models. A 3D centroid point was generated between T0 and T1 in each CO and GF.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The TB group showed posterior growth in the right CO (1.3 mm), left CO (1.3 mm), right GF (0.8 mm), and left GF (0.4 mm). The HB group showed posterior growth in the right CO (1.4 mm), left CO (1.7 mm), right GF (0.1 mm), and left GF (0.1 mm).</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>As the operator and patients were aware of the type of functional appliance, blinding could be performed only to assess and measure the CBCT exams.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In both groups, CO and GF grew posteriorly; CO grew vertically in the superior direction, and GF in the inferior direction. The effects on CO and GF were similar when using TB or HB.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT02411812). It was registered before commencement.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144834585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of early and later timed cervical headgear treatment on the eruption timing and pattern of permanent upper canines and molars from 7 to 18 years of age: follow-up of a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Katja Käsmä, Anna-Sofia Silvola, Ville Vuollo, Johanna Julku","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf056","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although cervical headgear (CH) is a widely studied method for the correction of Class II malocclusion, there is a lack of evidence regarding the effects of early versus later treatment timing on permanent upper canines and molars.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the differences between early versus later cervical headgear treatment to the eruption time and inclination of maxillary permanent canines and second molars, inclination of the first molars, and the overlapping between second and third molars.</p><p><strong>Trial design: </strong>Randomized, parallel-group, prospective controlled trial on timepoints T0-T2, follow-up study on T2-T4.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The material consisted of 67 seven-year-old children, with a Class II malocclusion, randomized into two equal-sized groups using opaque sealed-envelope randomization. In the early group (EG, n = 33), CH treatment was started at the age of 7.8 (T0) and in the later group (LG, n = 34) at the age of 9.5 (T1). Children received active CH treatment until Class I molar occlusion was achieved, after which individualized orthodontic treatment was provided at timepoints T2-T4. Dental panoramic tomographs (DPTs) were taken at five timepoints: T0-T4 (T0 = mean age 7.3 years, T1 = 9.6 years, T2 = 11.5 years, T3 = 15.3 years, and T4 = 17.8 years). The comparisons between the groups in DPT measurements were made at different timepoints using t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test and by combining the results using a linear mixed model. Due to the nature of the trial, the clinicians and children could not be blinded during the study; therefore, blinding was applied during data assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the LG, the right canine erupted earlier in T1 and in T2 and in combined results both canines erupted earlier. In the LG canines were more vertically inclined in T2. The second molars in the EG were more distally tipped in T1 and on the left side in combined results. The eruption stage of the second molars was earlier in the LG than in the EG. In the EG, more overlapping of the right and left third molars with the second molars was observed in T1. All P-values were < 0.05. No harms were encountered.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A later treatment timing seems more beneficial, with earlier eruption and more vertically oriented canines, less distal tipping, and earlier eruption of second molars and less overlapping between second and third molars.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinical Trials ID: NCT02010346.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12203327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GuREx-MIH: radiographic assessment of eruption patterns of second permanent molars and premolars in 11-year-olds after early extraction of the first permanent molar - a split-mouth trial.","authors":"Adnan Hajdarević, Christina Stervik, Nina Sabel, Birgitta Jälevik, Agneta Robertson, Ken Hansen, Emina Čirgić","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf055","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Molar-Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) affects 14% of the global population, often leading to compromised first permanent molars (FPM). Early extraction of severely affected FPMs may temporarily affect proper eruption and alignment of second permanent molars (SPM) and second premolars (SP). This study aimed to evaluate the eruption patterns of SPMs and SPs, and the overeruption of opposing FPMs, after early FPM extraction using panoramic radiographs in 11-year-old patients. A secondary aim was to assess radiographic quality for these evaluations.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>This split-mouth trial included patients aged 6-9 with severe MIH requiring FPM extraction. Panoramic radiographs were taken pre-extraction (T0) and at age 11 (T1) to measure eruption length and angulation of SPMs and SPs. Radiographs were analysed using Facad software, and imaging errors were recorded. Paired t-tests compared extraction and non-extraction sides.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 47 patients, 31 had maxillary and 25 mandibular FPM extractions. At T0, eruption length and angulation of SPMs and SPs were similar between sides. At T1, maxillary SPMs erupted faster (13.5mm vs. 10.8mm, p < 0.001) and more upright (72.9° vs. 62.1°, p < 0.001) on the extraction side, while SPs showed increased mesial angulation (82.5° vs. 89.3°, p < 0.05). Mandibular SPMs and SPs showed no differences. No overeruption of opposing FPMs was observed. Measurement reliability was excellent (ICC: 0.997-0.999), despite 75 of 94 radiographic contained errors.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The three-year follow-up limits long-term insights, and radiographic distortions may affect reliability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Early FPM extraction impacts maxillary but not mandibular SPM and SP eruption patterns without causing overeruption of opposing FPMs by age 11. Radiographic techniques are essential to minimize incorrect patient positioning, as such factors may impact measurement reliability.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12351381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144854912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}