European journal of orthodontics最新文献

{"title":"Studying the dynamics of mandibular growth spurts in individuals with Class I and Class II skeletal growth patterns using the Bayesian superimposition by translation and rotation (SITAR) model.","authors":"Satpal S Sandhu, George Leckie, Kate Tilling, Rachael A Hughes","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf088","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Comparing the mandibular growth patterns of Class I and Class II children offer valuable insights into adolescent growth dynamics that are crucial for planning growth modification procedures.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To test the null hypothesis of no class differences (Class I vs. Class II) in mandibular growth spurt parameters (size, timing, intensity) versus clinically relevant differences defined as ≥ 5 mm for size, ≥ 1 year for timing, and ≥ 1 mm/year for intensity.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Data (Condyle-Pogonion distance) available from the American Association of Orthodontists Foundation Craniofacial Growth Legacy Collection is analyzed. The dataset includes 160 children, 40 each in Class I and Class II groups for both sexes. A three-level Bayesian SITAR model is fitted, incorporating individual- and study-level random effects for all three growth spurt parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average mandibular size is greater in Class I than in Class II for both males [5.0 mm, 95% CI (3.0, 7.0)] and females [4.4 mm, 95% CI (3.2, 5.7)]. The growth spurt occurs later for Class I than Class II across both sexes [males: 0.6 years, 95% CI (0.3, 0.9); females: 0.6 years, 95% CI (0.2, 0.9)], and the intensity of the growth spurt is slightly greater in Class I than in Class II [males: 0.2 mm/year, 95% CI (0.0, 0.4); females: 0.2 mm/year, 95% CI (0.0, 0.4)]. The results show individual-level variation in size, timing, and intensity parameters across both Class II and Class I.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>No evidence found for clinically meaningful class differences in the timing or intensity of the adolescent growth spurt dynamics for either sex. The mandibular deficiency observed in Class II children is established early, during the pre-adolescent growth period. The cumulative deficiency in mandibular size for Class II children worsens with age, which leads to a more pronounced skeletal discrepancy in adulthood. The clinical implications for treatment planning are discussed.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>Considering the retrospective nature of the historical data analyzed, caution is warranted when generalizing our findings to contemporary populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12603614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145488271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review considering the risk of bias in orthodontic RCTs over 55 years.","authors":"Sofia Petrén, Lars Bondemark, Mikael Sonesson, Liselotte Paulsson","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf083","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>When assessing the effectiveness of interventions, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are considered to generate the highest level of evidence. The CONSORT 2010 recommendations promote clear and transparent reporting of RCTs. However, to perform a complete analysis of methodological errors and risk of bias that RCTs may be subjected to, the Risk of Bias tool 2 (RoB 2) has been constructed.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this systematic review was to assess the last 55 years of changes in methodological quality of orthodontic RCTs by using the RoB 2 tool.</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>The MEDLINE via Entrez PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane library databases were searched for orthodontic RCT publications from 1 January 1968 to 31 December 2024.</p><p><strong>Selection criteria: </strong>All RCTs on humans in the field of orthodontics were included. Non-randomized trials, animal studies, orthognathic surgery, syndrome patients, CLP patients, sleep apnea, and in vitro studies were excluded.</p><p><strong>Data collection and analysis: </strong>The quality assessment of the studies was conducted using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool (RoB2). The RCTs were divided into three time periods, i.e. before CONSORT 2010, from 2011 to 2016, and from 2017 to 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 3135 RCTs were identified, and after excluding studies not fulfilling the criteria, 1231 RCTs were included in the quality assessment. Publications in the later or latest time-period had a larger number with low risk of bias than early ones. However, significant room for improvement remained since, in the latest time period there were relatively many RCTs with high risk of bias (67.6%). The main factors to high bias were unclear or missing information about 'who generated the random allocation sequence and enrolled participants' (selection bias), whether 'ITT or intention-to-treat' was used (attrition bias) as well as omitting reporting of 'all important harms or unintended effects' (other bias). Another factor was that baseline characteristics were missing (selection bias).</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The RoB2 tool is complex, and it requires trained individuals to use the tool.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There remains a need to enhance the quality of RCTs in orthodontics. To reduce the risk of bias, researchers should become well-acquainted with RoB2 before developing research protocols and plans. Specifically, use the 'signaling questions of RoB2' as extensively as possible to aid in designing the plans and protocols concerning the trial's conduct and progression.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>PROSPERO: CRD42023390206.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12540042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145344373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distoangulation of mandibular second premolars in individuals with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate: a cohort longitudinal assessment.","authors":"Isadora Medeiros, Beatriz Quevedo, Claudia Resende Leal, Gisele da Silva Dalben, Daniela Garib","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjaf077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the frequency of distoangulation of mandibular second premolars (MnP2) in individuals with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate, the angular changes of distoangulated MnP2 from the mixed to the permanent dentition, the clinical outcomes after the follow-up period and the frequency of other associated dental anomalies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The distoangulation group (DA) was composed of 37 patients (mean age 9.29, SD = 1.24 years, 15 females, 22 males) with distoangulation of MnP2. The control group (CG) was composed of 37 patients (mean age 9.9 years, SD = 1.13, 13 females, 24 males) without distoangulation of MnP2. Digital panoramic radiographs taken in the mixed dentition (T1) and early permanent dentition (T2) were analyzed in both groups. Longitudinal angular changes, the degree of root formation, second premolar depth, and the frequency of associated dental anomalies were analyzed. Intergroup comparison was performed with paired and independent t tests and χ² test (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of MnP2 distoangulation in the mixed dentition was 18.5%. The DA showed a smaller initial distal angle (θ = 56.45° ± 6.72) compared to the CG (78.24° ± 6.09). The most common clinical outcome was the uprighting and spontaneous eruption of the MnP2 observed in 80.0% of the sample. MnP2 distoangulation was significantly associated with deciduous molar infraocclusion, agenesis of maxillary second premolar and ectopic eruption of maxillary first permanent molar.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The frequency of MnP2 distoangulation among individuals with UCLP was 18.5%, with favorable spontaneous uprighting and eruption observed in most cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145307288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maxillary arch expansion in different dentition stages using clear aligners: a three-dimensional finite element analysis.","authors":"Runzhi Guo, Yuanyuan Zheng, Zining Chen, Qingyi Dai, Qianyi Qin, Min Wu, Yifan Lin, Weiran Li","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjaf094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To analyze the maxillary arch expansion efficiency and biomechanical mechanisms of clear aligners (CAs) in different dentition developmental stages.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four 3D finite element models of maxillary arch expansion with CA were established to represent distinct dentition stages: (A) early mixed dentition (1, 2, C, D, E, 6); (B) late mixed dentition (1, 2, C, 4, E, 6); (C) early permanent dentition (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6); and (D) permanent dentition (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7). A 0.2 mm buccal expansion in one CA was simulated for the maxillary posterior teeth. 3D displacement of maxillary teeth and von Mises stress distribution in roots were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The late mixed dentition showed the greatest mid-arch expansion (0.102 mm) with notable buccal tipping, while the early mixed dentition had the least (0.065 mm). Early permanent dentition demonstrated better torque control, with less buccal tipping of first premolars. Posterior-arch expansion was less pronounced than mid-arch expansion: permanent dentition showed smaller first molar displacement (Group C: 0.016 mm, Group D: 0.027 mm), while mixed dentition exhibited palatal molar displacement (Group A: -0.014 mm, Group B: -0.011 mm). Maxillary incisors displayed labial proclination in mixed dentition but lingual inclination in permanent dentition. The highest von Mises root stress was found in the first primary molar of early mixed dentition (0.134 MPa).</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The study only analyzes dental expansion and does not take into consideration the sutural maturation status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The efficacy and biomechanics of CA maxillary expansion differ by different dentition stages in adolescent patients. In mixed dentition, expansion mainly occurs at the mid-arch, with palatal molar displacement and labial incisor tipping. Permanent dentition achieves more effective posterior arch expansion with better torque control compares to mixed dentition. The clinical applicability of these findings requires cautious interpretation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145539661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A scoping review of sustainable orthodontic supply chains: innovations and waste management in clear aligner therapy.","authors":"Chanakan Boonchanachai, Pimsiri Kanpittaya, Kausar Sadia Fakhruddin, Somsak Chengprapakorn, Niranlarp Rerksanan, Vudhibhong Laoamata, Yardpiroon Jirawattanakul","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf080","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clear aligner therapy has become a popular orthodontic treatment, with over 14 million users globally. However, its environmental impact is significant, generating over 1000 tons of plastic waste annually, alongside microplastic contamination and high carbon emissions. Despite digital advancements, recycling rates remain low, ranging from only 12% in Asian clinics to 29% in the EU, underscoring the urgent need for sustainable practices in orthodontics.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This scoping review aimed to synthesize current evidence on the environmental impact of clear aligner therapy and evaluate sustainable strategies and implementation challenges, guided by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines and was registered in the Open Science Framework (Registration ID: pnjd4). Twenty-seven studies from eight countries (2017-25) were analyzed, focusing on sustainability strategies, waste management, and innovations. Data were synthesized thematically using the 4R framework (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Rethink) and aligned with relevant sustainable development goals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Key findings revealed that (i) staged aligner production and digital workflows reduce waste by 30%-41% and lower carbon emissions by 58%; (ii) bioplastics (e.g. silk fibroin) and 4D-printed shape-memory aligners show promise but face cost and material scalability challenges, and (iii) stakeholder collaboration across manufacturing, clinics, and policy is essential. Barriers include inadequate infrastructure and a lack of lifecycle data.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review fills a critical gap by linking clinical orthodontic innovations to broader environmental and public health goals. Future research must prioritize lifecycle analyses, enzymatic recycling, and AI-driven planning to bridge evidence gaps. By integrating these strategies, orthodontics can balance ecological responsibility with clinical efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145476866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dentoalveolar changes following extraction of mandibular primary second molars in patients with congenitally missing second premolars-a longitudinal randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Shaker Nawaia, Nameer Al-Taai, Sarah Abdul Jabbar, Ken Hansen, Julia Naoumova","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf095","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early management of congenitally missing mandibular second premolars may influence craniofacial growth, yet the long-term effects of extracting the primary second molars remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the skeletal and dental effects of extracting mandibular primary second molars in patients with congenitally missing mandibular second premolars and to compare with historical control data.</p><p><strong>Trial design: </strong>Prospective, randomized longitudinal split-mouth trial.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This longitudinal study is based on 40 patients (aged 9-12 years) with bilateral agenesis of mandibular second premolars, who were randomly assigned to either extraction or hemisection of the primary second molar. Randomization to determine the side and order of extraction or hemisection was performed using an online tool, with allocation concealment ensured by sequentially numbered, opaque, sealed envelopes prepared in advance by the author responsible for treatment assignment, who was not involved in patient care. The present study examines the overall treatment effect, regardless of the method applied in the split-mouth design. Cephalometric analyses were performed at baseline (T1) and after 4 years (T2). Dental casts were evaluated at T2 to measure residual space. A control group of 29 untreated individuals with normal occlusion was included for comparison. All measurements were conducted by an independent examiner blinded to the treatment assignment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the extraction group both the maxilla and the mandible exhibited forward growth (P < .05), while only minor changes were detected in the control group. Extraction caused significant retroclination of the lower incisors by 4.5° (P < .01) and retrusion by 1.8 mm (P < .01), leading to an increased overjet of 1.2 mm (P < .05) and overbite of 1.5 mm (P < .05). Compared with controls, dental changes were significantly greater in the extraction group (P < .05). Residual space after extraction showed no significant correlation with cephalometric changes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Extraction of mandibular primary second molars in cases of agenesis induces favourable dental changes without detrimental skeletal effects. This approach may be a viable option in selected patients, although caution is recommended for those with deep bite tendencies.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The trial was registered with https://www.researchweb.org/, registration number: 967125.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12628498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145548774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality and stability of orthodontic treatment outcomes with clear aligners versus fixed appliances: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Ziad Mohamad Alhafi, Mohammad Y Hajeer, Mohammad Khursheed Alam, Samer T Jaber","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf091","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clear aligners represent a modern alternative to traditional fixed orthodontic appliances, offering aesthetic and removable treatment options. However, variability in clinical outcomes and treatment protocols has led to inconsistent evidence regarding their effectiveness and stability.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To systematically review and synthesize available evidence from randomized and non-randomized trials comparing the quality and stability of orthodontic treatment outcomes using clear aligners versus fixed appliances.</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted across seven databases (PubMed®, Google™ Scholar, Embase®, Scopus®, Web of ScienceTM, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ProQuest) up to February 2025, identifying relevant clinical trials assessing treatment outcomes with clear aligners and fixed appliances.</p><p><strong>Selection criteria: </strong>Randomized controlled trials and non-randomized clinical trials comparing orthodontic treatment outcomes of clear aligners versus conventional fixed appliances in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment were included.</p><p><strong>Data collection and analysis: </strong>Two reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts, and full texts, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias for each included study. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (RoB2 tool) was used for randomized controlled trials, while the ROBINS-I tool was applied for non-randomized studies. When appropriate, random-effects meta-analyses were performed. The certainty of the evidence for each outcome was evaluated using the GRADE approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen trials involving 1084 patients were included. The risk of bias varied across studies. No significant differences were found in treatment quality or duration between clear aligners and fixed appliances in non-extraction cases, although sensitivity analyses suggested shorter treatment duration with clear aligners. In extraction cases, fixed appliances provided superior treatment quality, attributed to enhanced control of tooth movements. Limited evidence indicated similar post-treatment stability between the two interventions. However, study heterogeneity and short follow-up durations limited the strength of conclusions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both clear aligners and fixed appliances effectively achieve orthodontic treatment goals. Case complexity and patient compliance should guide appliance selection. Further large-scale, well-designed trials with long-term follow-up are necessary to define comparative outcomes.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>The protocol for this review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251072157) during its initial stages.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145344388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of skeletal and dentoalveolar effects of mini-implant-supported twin block versus conventional twin block in treating growing patients with Class II Division 1 malocclusion: a two-arm randomized controlled clinical trial.","authors":"Rabea A Ghareeb, Kinda Sultan, Mohammad Younis Hajeer, Mowaffak A Ajaj, Hasan Alzoubi","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf093","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the skeletal and dentoalveolar changes resulting from the functional treatment with mini-implant supported Twin Block (MITB) appliance compared to the conventional Twin Block (TB) appliance in treating skeletal Class II Division 1 malocclusion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A two-arm, parallel-group RCT was conducted at X University from March to September 2021. Forty-four patients with Class II Division 1 malocclusion (ANB 5°-9°, SNB 72°-77°, overjet 5-8 mm) were randomized to receive either MITB (n = 22, experimental group) or TB (n = 22, control group). Randomization was computer-generated, and outcome assessors were blinded. Skeletal and dentoalveolar changes were assessed using lateral cephalometric radiographs before treatment (T0) and at the end of the active treatment phase (T1). Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, paired t-test, and independent t-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 44 participants randomized, 41 completed the study (23 males, 18 females; mean age 12.05 ± 1.02 years). Both groups showed reduction in maxillary position (SNA) with no significant differences between or within groups. Mandibular advancement (SNB) and skeletal relationship (ANB) improved significantly in both groups, with greater changes in the MITB group (SNB: 3.35° vs. 2.17°, P = 0.004; ANB: -3.76° vs. -2.41°, P = 0.003; Cohen's d = 0.91 vs. Cohen's d = 0.97). The MITB group also showed significantly greater increases in mandibular corpus length (3.47 mm vs. 2.23 mm; P = 0.016; Cohen's d = 0.83), total mandibular length (4.48 mm vs. 3.26 mm; P = 0.049; Cohen's d = 0.66), and mandibular base position (4.01 mm vs. 2.7 mm; P = 0.004; Cohen's d = 0.95). Skeletal discrepancy decreased more in the MITB group (3.71 mm vs. 2.29 mm; P = 0.005; Cohen's d = 0.93). The MITB group also exhibited less lower incisor protrusion (0.73° vs. 3.81°; P < 0.001; Cohen's d = 2.62) and mesial positioning of the mandibular molar (0.13 mm vs. 1.33 mm P < 0.001; Cohen's d = 1.81). Pancherz's analysis revealed 74% skeletal correction of overjet and 82% skeletal correction of molar relationship in the MITB group.</p><p><strong>Harms: </strong>Four orthodontic mini-implants out of 42 (9.5%) failed in two patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The mini-implant supported Twin-Block appliance produced greater skeletal correction and reduced dentoalveolar side effects compared to the conventional Twin Block. These results support the use of mini-implants supported Twin Block as a treatment option for Class II Division 1 malocclusion.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov, Clinical Trials ID: NCT06403033.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145676950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of novel 3D printed customized facemask appliance for treatment of class III malocclusion: a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Ghassan B Abdulkareem, Martyn T Cobourne, Mushriq Abid","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf075","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Utilizing 3D facial scans with the aid of digital modeling tools and additive manufacturing is a promising technique for customization of facemask (FM) appliance for correction of Class III malocclusion.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of a modified 3D-printed maxillary protraction FM compared with a commercially available adjustable FM for the correction of Class III malocclusion due to maxillary retrognathism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective randomized controlled clinical trial enrolled a total of 34 patients aged 7-12 years with skeletal Class III malocclusion requiring maxillary protraction therapy, and were randomly allocated into two groups with a 1:1 ratio. Group 1 was allocated a 3D customized protraction facemask (3DFM), while Group 2 was allocated to a commercially available conventional Petit-type facemask (CFM). The 3DFM was individually designed using a 3D scan of the face obtained using a Revopoint scanner (Revopoint 3D Technologies Inc., China). The FM was modeled using SolidWorks software and manufactured from Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene polymer using a Creality K1 Max 3D printer (Creality 3D Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China). Lateral cephalograms were taken at pretreatment (T1) and post-treatment (T2) after 9 months for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups showed significant forward movement of point A (A point to SN perp, P < .000 for both groups) over the period of evaluation, with no significant differences between groups (mean difference (MD) = 0.32 mm, 95% CI: -0.11 to 0.43, P = .240). Both groups showed a significant posterior displacement of SNB (P < .000), with no significant difference between groups (MD = 0.14°, 95% CI: -0.46 to 0.71, P = .671). The ANB angle significantly improved in both groups (P < .000) with no statistically significant differences (MD = 0.21°, 95% CI: -0.51 to 0.96, P = .542). The 3DFM group reported less soft tissue irritation compared with the CFM group. Sleep disturbances were significantly more common in the CFM group compared with the 3DFM group (P = .032, 95% CI: 0.028 to 0.625).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both 3DFM and CFM produced significant advancement of the maxilla, as demonstrated by increases in SN-nasion perpendicular and SNA angle. Slightly greater maxillary protraction in the 3DFM group suggests a potential biomechanical advantage although this is unlikely to be clinically significant over the long-term.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov on 12 April 2021 (registration number: NCT06250127).</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145344409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Longitudinal study of root resorption on incisors caused by impacted maxillary canines-a clinical and cone beam CT assessment.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf090","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf090","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"47 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12530319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145307245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}