European journal of orthodontics最新文献

{"title":"Correction to: Glass ionomer open exposure and closed exposure of palatally displaced canines: a randomised controlled trial comparing postoperative pain perception and complications.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjag052","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjag052","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13274297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148263847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Musculoskeletal complaints, working conditions, and job satisfaction among Dutch orthodontists.","authors":"Annemieke Bos, Ronald M van der Bie, David B Hardjosantoso, Ronald E G Jonkman, Jan J M Bruers","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjag046","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjag046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study explored the extent to which orthodontists experience work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) and burdensome working conditions, assessed job satisfaction, and identified factors associated with job satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected by means of a web-based survey comprising 64 items addressing general and professional characteristics, work-related musculoskeletal complaints, and five subscales addressing working conditions, stress, private circumstances, coping ability, and job satisfaction. Descriptive statistics, reliability analyses, and bivariate and multivariable linear regression analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 115 orthodontists participated. Almost three-quarters (73.0%) reported at least one WMSD, with the shoulders, neck, and lower back being the most frequently affected anatomical regions. While orthodontists reported a moderate burden from working conditions and private circumstances, most experienced low levels of stress, demonstrated high coping ability, and reported high job satisfaction. In bivariate analyses, fewer WMSDs, lower perceived burden from working conditions and stress, and higher coping ability were associated with greater job satisfaction. In the multivariable model, working conditions, practice ownership, and coping ability explained 25.2% of the variance in job satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Greater job satisfaction was most strongly associated with more favourable working conditions, owning a practice, and higher coping ability. Although lower perceived stress and fewer work-related musculoskeletal disorders were associated with job satisfaction in unadjusted analyses, they did not remain independent predictors in the multivariable model. These findings suggest that both organizational and individual factors contribute to professional satisfaction among orthodontists. However, additional determinants not examined in this study are likely to play a role.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"48 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13251738/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148216957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated assessment of 3D facial asymmetry: a systematic review.","authors":"Jiale Peng, Wanting Qu, Shiming Zhang, Yifan Lin","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjag012","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjag012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This systematic review aims to evaluate the clinical applicability of automated 3D facial asymmetry assessment methods based on 3D facial scans.</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>A comprehensive search of electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Medline, and Scopus) and manual literature searches were conducted in April 2025.</p><p><strong>Selection criteria: </strong>Studies that were published in English and evaluated the validity or reliability of automated asymmetry assessment methods in 3D facial scans for medical or biological settings were included.</p><p><strong>Data collection and analysis: </strong>Two reviewers independently screened the articles for eligibility. Risk of bias was assessed using QUADAS-2, and the certainty of evidence was graded using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed for methodology, validity, and reliability. Methodologies for assessing facial asymmetry were categorized into four approaches: landmark-based, depth-stratified, original-mirror alignment, and template-based approaches. While landmark and depth-stratified methods rely on sparse data, original-mirror and template-based methods enable comprehensive surface analysis. Six studies evaluating validity against alternative methods, synthetic ground truth, or human ratings consistently demonstrated moderate-to-strong correlation coefficients and classification accuracy. Reliability was examined across nine studies using repeated measurements and multi-observer designs, generally showing minimal measurement variation. Notably, methodological analysis revealed that original-mirror alignment, typically implemented using unconstrained iterative closest point (ICP)-based best-fit registration, is susceptible to registration errors (the \"Pinocchio effect\") in cases of severe asymmetry, whereas template-based methods mitigate this through correspondence transfer and weighted registration strategies that stabilize anatomical alignment.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The review is limited by a high risk of bias in primary studies and significant methodological heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite \"very low\" certainty evidence, template-based approaches that transfer anatomical correspondence and apply weighted registration appear preferable due to their robustness against localized deformities. Conversely, original-mirror alignment, typically implemented via unconstrained ICP, remains a practical alternative for mild asymmetry. Future research should prioritize end-to-end deep learning automation, dynamic analysis, and the development of accessible, open-source tools to bridge the gap between technical innovation and routine clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>PROSPERO (CRD420251025105).</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"48 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13207581/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148028393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor.","authors":"Sarath Kumar Venkatesan","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjag016","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjag016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"48 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying artificial intelligence to assess the impact of orthognathic treatment on gender-affirming facial features.","authors":"Shankeeth Vinayahalingam, Radu Timofte, Tong Xi, Marc Schätzle, Raphael Patcas","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjag039","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjag039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Orthognathic therapy aims to correct severe maxillofacial deformities and enhance facial appearance. Certain orthognathic osteotomies may achieve gender-affirming changes, shifting a face towards a more feminine or masculine appearance. The objective was to develop a convolutional neural network (CNN) to quantify orthognathic therapy's effect on gender-defining facial features, in relation to malocclusion and osteotomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A computational algorithm combining a face detector and a CNN trained on >0.5 million gender-labelled facial images and further fine-tuned on dedicated 7591 face images to predict perceived gender was applied on 2164 annotated facial images of 146 orthognathic patients. Perceived gender was graded and post-treatment scores were compared with pre-treatment scores, differentiating between corrected malocclusion and performed surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Female orthognathic patients demonstrated a significant feminizing shift (P < .001) particularly evident in the Class III female subgroup. This feminization effect was also observed in female patients with vertical, transverse and retrognathic facial disbalances. Male patients experienced strengthened masculine facial features especially in the Class II subgroup (P = .029), while the correction of vertical and transverse discrepancies resulted in minimal change. The most pronounced gender-affirming changes were achieved when bimaxillary osteotomies were performed in conjunction with chin osteotomy (P ≤ .002).</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>CNN-based models offer dependable possibilities to quantify orthognathic treatment's impact on gender-related facial features, underlining their value in treatment planning and patient education. The results suggest that orthognathic corrections can significantly alter gender-affirming facial traits, which must be considered when defining individual treatment goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"48 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148137103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor.","authors":"Mahmood Dashti, Farshad Khosraviani, Ella Golrang","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjag009","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjag009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"48 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of salivary alpha-amylase and cortisol levels in patients undergoing orthodontic mini-implant treatment: a short-term prospective comparative study.","authors":"Ismayil Malikov, Turkan Sezen Erhamza, Himmet Yildirim, Ebru Ilhan Kocak, Osman Caglayan","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf112","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjaf112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) and salivary cortisol (sC) levels, alongside self-reported dental anxiety, in patients undergoing orthodontic mini-implant (OMI) placement compared with those receiving routine orthodontic treatment (noninvasive follow-up procedures such as archwire or elastic ligature replacement). The primary outcomes were the changes in sC and sAA levels, while the secondary outcome was the dental fear survey (DFS) score. It was hypothesized that OMI placement would elicit stronger physiological and psychological stress responses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A short-term prospective comparative study was conducted on 54 participants (27 OMI and 27 control), aged 12-30 years. Dental anxiety was assessed using the DFS. Salivary samples were collected at baseline (T1) and immediately after the procedure (T2) for sAA and sC analysis. Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon, t-tests, and mixed ANOVA were performed (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>sC increased significantly in the OMI group (0.30 ± 0.09 to 0.39 ± 0.13 µg/dl; Δ = +0.09 µg/dl, P < .001) but remained stable in controls. The OMI group demonstrated higher DFS scores than controls (63.81 ± 22.59 vs. 40.07 ± 21.28). Female participants reported higher dental fear than males (P = .004), and DFS correlated negatively with age (P = .014). sAA levels were higher in the OMI group, although neither group nor time effects were significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Orthodontic mini-implant placement induces stronger acute stress responses than routine orthodontic treatment, as evidenced by higher dental fear and increased salivary cortisol. These findings highlight the need for enhanced patient management during invasive orthodontic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"48 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13201089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148014129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of microplastic release from 3D-printed orthodontic aligners: a histological and immunological bioassay approach.","authors":"Marina Borgese, Piero Antonio Zecca, Annalisa Grimaldi, Nicolò Baranzini, Mario Raspanti, Francesca Zara, Marco Serafin, Alberto Caprioglio","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjag001","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjag001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study investigated the acute biological effects of micro- and nanoplastics (MPs/NPs) released from 3D-printed orthodontic aligners, focusing on their potential to elicit inflammatory and oxidative responses. Given the dynamic intraoral environment, the use of a biologically relevant invertebrate model (Hirudo verbana) enabled histological and molecular assessment of short-term exposure to plastic-derived particles.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>MPs/NPs were generated from 3D-printed aligner samples via mechanical stress and ultrasonication. Medicinal leeches were exposed to the resulting plastic dispersion for 24, 72 h, and 1 week (triplicate experiments). Morphological alterations were assessed by light and electron microscopy. CD31 and HmAIF-1 immunostaining and acid phosphatase assays evaluated immunological responses. Oxidative stress was quantified by quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis of SOD and GST gene expression. One-way ANOVA with Dunnett's post hoc test comparing MP/NP-treated vs controls (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exposure to MPs/NPs triggered rapid angiogenesis, confirmed by increased CD31 expression and vascular remodelling over time (24 h, P < .01; 72 h, P < .001; 1 week, P < .01). Macrophage-like cell activation was significantly evidenced by elevated HmAIF-1 levels (24 h, P < .001; 72 h, P < .01; 1-week, P < .001) and acid phosphatase activity (24 h, P < .001; 72 h, P < .01; 1-week, P < .001). Oxidative-stress markers (SOD and GST) were significantly upregulated at 24 h (P < .001) and, for glutathione transferase only, slightly increased at 72 h (P < .05), indicating an acute cellular stress response that decreased at later time points.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Even brief exposure to MPs/NPs released from 3D-printed aligners can disrupt tissue homeostasis, activating inflammatory and oxidative pathways. These findings raise concerns about the biocompatibility of photopolymer resins and underscore the need for more dynamic, biologically relevant testing models to evaluate the safety of orthodontic materials under clinically realistic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"48 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13213083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148028444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postgraduate orthodontic education frameworks: the EJO session in the 2026 EOS congress.","authors":"Theodore Eliades","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjag033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjag033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"48 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147873785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental impact of orthodontic treatment: a simplified fast-track comparative life-cycle impact assessment of self-ligating metal brackets and clear aligners.","authors":"Maria Johanna Jacoba Heezen, Geer M van den Dungen, Mette A R Kuijpers, Edwin M Ongkosuwito","doi":"10.1093/ejo/cjag025","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ejo/cjag025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Sustainability is a prominent topic in modern-day society, with a trend toward reducing environmental impact. The growing amount of plastics and the release of greenhouse gases during waste management raise concerns. This study compares the environmental burden of clear aligners- and self-ligating metal brackets (fixed appliances) to identify the production phase where improvements could best reduce impact.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A simplified fast-track life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) was performed for four illustrative patient cases (two aligner, two fixed appliances). Data were derived from the Industrial Design & Engineering Materials open access database (Idemat, 2024) and manufacturer specifications. Environmental indicators were carbon footprint (kg CO2-eq), cumulative energy demand [megajoules (MJ)], and total ReCiPe score [Points (Pt)].</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Clear aligners show a higher environmental impact in all categories. Mean carbon footprint for clear aligners ranged from 20.58 to 24.75 kg CO2 and 0.22 kg CO2 in fixed appliance treatment. The Total ReCiPe ranges 0.54-0.66 Pt) for clear aligners compared with 0.01 Pt in treatment with self-ligating metal brackets. These results should be interpreted cautiously, as they may overestimate true magnitudes.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>This study used a simplified LCIA, incorporating assumptions substantiated by research whenever possible.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Within the limitations of a small sample size and a simplified model, fixed appliance treatment showed a lower environmental impact than clear aligners. The results are exploratory and require validation through larger, clinically based studies incorporating sensitivity analyses and multi-source datasets. The \"materials\" phase seems a key contributor, stimulating environmentally conscious decision making.</p>","PeriodicalId":11989,"journal":{"name":"European journal of orthodontics","volume":"48 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13160670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147873836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}