European Journal of Medical Research最新文献

{"title":"Neuromotor rehabilitation in Parkinsonian syndromes: outcomes and disability after hip fracture.","authors":"Pietro Giuseppe Scamarcia, Ferdinando Ambrosi, Alessandra Demontis, Emanuela Monica Huci, Sabrina Perego, Luca Sanavia, Laura Vulpio, Gianluca Concardi","doi":"10.1186/s40001-025-03294-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40001-025-03294-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with Parkinsonian syndromes, including Parkinson's disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonism (AP), are at increased risk of disability following hip fracture. Limited data are available on their functional recovery after inpatient rehabilitation. This study aimed to compare rehabilitation outcomes in patients with parkinsonism versus non-parkinsonian controls after hip fracture surgery and to identify clinical predictors of worse recovery within the parkinsonian group.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on 60 patients with parkinsonism (45 PD, 15 AP) and 60 age- and sex-matched non-parkinsonian controls undergoing inpatient rehabilitation after hip fracture surgery. Functional status was assessed at admission and discharge using the Modified Barthel Index (MBI) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Linear mixed-effects models were applied to explore associations between clinical variables (including diagnosis, dementia, dysphagia, postural instability) and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with parkinsonism had significantly lower functional scores at both admission and discharge as compared to controls (p < 0.001), with AP patients performing worse than PD patients (p = 0.02). Among parkinsonian individuals, dementia, dysphagia, and postural instability were independently associated with worse outcomes (p < 0.001). Although MBI change scores (delta-MBI) did not differ significantly between groups, mRS change (delta-mRS) was greater in controls, suggesting that parkinsonian patients experienced a higher overall disability burden at both admission and discharge, despite a smaller relative improvement. These findings indicate that non-motor symptoms substantially influence rehabilitation trajectories and should be considered in planning care.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Parkinsonian patients, particularly those with atypical parkinsonism, experience worse functional outcomes after hip fracture rehabilitation when compared with non-parkinsonian individuals. The presence of dementia, dysphagia, and postural instability further impairs recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"1002"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12538860/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145344261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma injections for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Chengjing Wang, Bowen Yao","doi":"10.1186/s40001-025-03253-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40001-025-03253-4","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disorder affecting a significant portion of the elderly population. Despite the availability of various non-surgical and pharmacological treatments, their effectiveness is often limited by temporary symptom relief and lack of disease-modifying properties. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a promising biological therapy for KOA, with preclinical evidence suggesting its potential to promote cartilage repair and modulate inflammation. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of PRP injections in the treatment of KOA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A systematic literature search was conducted from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2024, encompassing major medical databases, clinical trial registries, and grey literature sources. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing PRP with other treatments for KOA were included based on predefined eligibility criteria. Data extraction and analysis were performed using various statistical software packages and machine learning models. A neural network model was constructed to predict PRP treatment outcomes by integrating multidimensional clinical features. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool, and publication bias was evaluated through funnel plot analysis and Egger's test.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The meta-analysis included 28 RCTs with a total of 3246 KOA patients. PRP demonstrated comparable pain relief to hyaluronic acid (HA) but superior functional improvement, especially when combined with HA. Compared to corticosteroids, PRP showed no significant difference in efficacy as monotherapy but enhanced outcomes when used in combination. PRP also outperformed physical therapy and exercise therapy in both pain control and functional improvement. The optimal PRP concentration range was identified as 600-900 × 10⁹/L, with 3-5 injections at 7-14-day intervals yielding the best results. Early intervention, particularly in KL grade I-II patients, was associated with superior outcomes. The neural network model accurately predicted treatment responses based on patient characteristics and disease factors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Discussion: &lt;/strong&gt;The findings of this study have important implications for understanding the individualized regulatory mechanisms of PRP therapy. The nonlinear relationship between PRP concentration and treatment efficacy reflects the complex cytokine network dynamics and receptor saturation effects. The superiority of the 3-5 injection regimen may be attributed to its alignment with the time window of chondrocyte gene expression regulation, potentially mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. The synergistic effects of PRP with HA and the time-dependent treatment response patterns provide new insights for developing personalized, multi-target treatment strategies. The deep learning model demonstrated the potentia","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"992"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12535052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145312100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal changes in estimated glucose disposal rate and risk of cardiovascular disease among adults with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages 0-3: a nationwide prospective cohort study.","authors":"Xiaoming Zhang, Rui Zeng, Zhigang Wu, Yi Xiao, Siyi Wang, Yufei Zeng, Tenghui Fan, Huajing Wu, Kun Huang, Wan Zhu, Fayi Xie, Ke Zhu, Dongmei Ye, Zhiqi Jiang, Aizhang Zhu, Lihuan Chen, Mengxia Shi, Mingxing Lai, Ruohan Wu, Yunfeng Liu, Jiahui Bian, Xiaotong Sun, Jiang Wang, Wenwu Zhang, Yunzhi Yang","doi":"10.1186/s40001-025-03286-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40001-025-03286-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aging population and medical advancements have led to a rise in chronic conditions such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and chronic kidney disease, giving rise to the concept of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome. The estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) is an important surrogate marker of insulin sensitivity; however, its longitudinal impact on CVD risk across CKM syndrome stages 0 to 3 remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). After excluding participants lacking CKM stage 0-3 diagnostic indicators and those with incomplete data, a total of 3,503 eligible individuals were included. eGDR was calculated based on waist circumference, hypertension status, and HbA1c level. K-means clustering was applied to classify participants into five distinct trajectories based on eGDR dynamics. Cox proportional hazards models with increasing levels of adjustment were constructed to examine the association between eGDR and incident CVD. Additionally, restricted cubic spline (RCS) and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression analyses were conducted for further evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a three-year follow-up, 504 participants (14.39%) developed CVD. Compared with participants in the persistently high eGDR group (Class 1), the fully adjusted Cox models revealed significantly increased CVD risk in Class 4 (HR = 2.01; 95% CI 1.46-2.77; P < 0.001), and Class 5 (HR = 2.09; 95% CI 1.16-3.97; P < 0.05), while no significant association was observed for Class 2 and Class3. When cumulative eGDR was treated as a continuous variable, each unit increase in eGDR was associated with a 7% reduction in CVD risk (HR = 0.93; 95% CI 0.90-0.96; P < 0.001). Participants in the highest cumulative eGDR quintile exhibited a 66% lower risk of CVD compared to those in the lowest quintile in the fully adjusted model. RCS analysis showed an overall inverse relationship between cumulative eGDR and CVD risk, with a marked risk reduction when cumulative eGDR exceeded 28.5 (P for non-linearity > 0.05). WQS regression further identified waist circumference as the most influential component of eGDR in relation to CVD risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lower cumulative eGDR and unfavorable eGDR trajectories are significantly associated with increased CVD risk among individuals in CKM stages 0-3. These findings suggest that monitoring eGDR may enhance early CVD risk prediction and guide prevention strategies in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"994"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12534988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145312660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LncRNA Rmst-driven DNMT3A mRNA stabilization through HuR: implications for neuropathic pain therapy.","authors":"Shaoqing Zhang, Peng Jiang, Yongcheng Li, Yuanyan Tu","doi":"10.1186/s40001-025-03259-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40001-025-03259-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the role of lncRNA Rmst in regulating DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) expression and its impact on neuropathic pain (NP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A SAM-based lncRNA library screening system was employed to identify lncRNAs regulating DNMT3a stability. Spared nerve injury (SNL) and chronic constriction injury (CCI) rat models of neuropathic pain were established. LncRNA Rmst was knocked down in injured dorsal root ganglia via microinjection of siRmst. Lentiviral vectors carrying siRmst or pcDNA-DNMT3A were constructed and injected into mouse spinal cords. Analyses included qRT-PCR, Western blot, in situ hybridization, immunofluorescence, dual-luciferase reporter assays, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). Pain-related behaviors were assessed using behavioral tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 121 lncRNAs that could enhance DNMT3A stability, and Rmst was among the five lncRNAs significantly upregulated in the neuropathic pain model. In SNL and CCI rat models, knockdown of Rmst led to downregulation of DNMT3A expression, reduced neuronal excitability, inhibited microglial activation, and decreased release of inflammatory factors. The expression of DNMT3A increased over time in both models, and it was positively correlated with Rmst. Mechanistically, Rmst interacted with the -RNA-binding protein HuR to stabilize DNMT3A mRNA. Overexpression of DNMT3A in mice increased pain sensitivity, pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, and microglial activation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LncRNA Rmst binds to HuR to enhance the stability of DNMT3A mRNA, thereby facilitating neuropathic pain progression. Targeting the Rmst-HuR-DNMT3A axis could represent a promising therapeutic approach for neuropathic pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"993"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12535087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145312600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of diagnostic biomarkers and mitochondrial metabolic characteristics in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury.","authors":"Yichun Xia, Yiming Qian, Guanyu Hu, Yuehong Pu, Jian Guo","doi":"10.1186/s40001-025-03266-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40001-025-03266-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study intended to explore the molecular mechanisms and the mitochondrial metabolic characteristics of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (S-AKI) through bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The datasets of S-AKI were acquired from the GEO database while mitochondrial related genes (MRGs) were procured utilizing MitoCarta3.0 database. The \"limma\" R package was used to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Weighted Gene Correlation Network Analysis identified the co-expressed gene modules. GO, together with KEGG, was applied for enrichment analysis. A PPI network was constructed using the STRING database. The LASSO algorithm was adopted to screen prognostic predictors of S-AKI. The correlation between immune cells and diagnostic biomarkers was reflected through immune cell infiltration analysis utilizing CIBERSORT. In cellular experiments, the CCK-8 assay detected the cell viability. RT-qPCR and western blot assessed PMPCA and PMPCB expressions. The release of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers was assessed using ELISA and corresponding assay kits. Western blot assessed the expressions of proteins implicated in mitochondrial function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>163 intersected genes between DEGs and MRGs were screened. 103 key genes were acquired via the intersection of module genes with the 163 MRDEGs and 10 hub genes were determined. Functional enrichment analysis disclosed that the key genes were primarily enriched in mitochondrial metabolic pathways. Five significant immune cells showing differences between S-AKI and controls were identified. Correlation analysis displayed a negative association of Gpx4 with resting NK cells, its positive association with M2 macrophages as well as a negative association of Amacr with Th17 Cells. Three independent diagnostic biomarkers Gpx4, PMPCB and Amacr for S-AKI were determined. The validation cellular experiments showed that PMPCB overexpression could alleviate LPS-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and viability damage in HK-2 cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This work determined three independent diagnostic biomarkers in S-AKI, which might shed novel insight into its diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"991"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12535092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145312185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adipocytes promoted anoikis resistance of head and neck cancer cells via overexpressed ITGA5.","authors":"Yurong He, Yueyue Shi, Xinyu Li, Ru Wang, Lingwa Wang, Haiyang Li, Siyu Zhu, Shizhi He, Jugao Fang","doi":"10.1186/s40001-025-03252-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40001-025-03252-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) was the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Given the evidence that adipocytes are related to the progression of various cancers, this study explored the internal connection and mechanism between HNSCC and adipocytes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to examine the transfection efficiency of integrin subunit α5 (ITGA5) overexpression plasmid and small interfering RNA of ITGA5 (si-ITGA5). Colony formation assay was employed to detect the colony formation rate of FaDu and SAS cells, while flow cytometry was used to measure cell apoptosis rate. The protein levels of cleaved-caspase-3 (apoptosis marker) and cell adhesion markers (ITGA5, integrin subunit β1 (ITGB1) and cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44)) were analyzed by western blotting. After HNSCC cells and adipocytes were co-cultured, the last three experiments above-mentioned were repeated and Calcein AM/EthD-1 double stain assay was performed to examine anoikis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overexpressed ITGA5 enhanced colony formation and inhibited anoikis in HNSCC cells (p < 0 p < .001), while reducing the expression of the apoptosis-related protein and increasing those of adherence-related proteins (p < 0.05). However, si-ITGA5 had the opposite effect. After co-culture of HNSCC cells with adipocytes, cell colony formation was increased, anoikis was inhibited and the expressions of ITGA5 and cell adhesion markers were upregulated (p < 0.05). The effects of HNSCC cells co-cultured with adipocytes on colony formation, anoikis and cell adhesion markers were reversed by ITGA5 silencing (p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adipocytes promote anoikis resistance of head and neck cancer cells via overexpressed ITGA5.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"989"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12535057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145312663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden of environmental heat and cold exposure and its attributable risk factors in 204 countries and territories (1990-2021).","authors":"Zhongyong Xie, Zhihua Huang, Wenmin Luo, Wei Du","doi":"10.1186/s40001-025-03263-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40001-025-03263-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Environmental heat and cold exposure poses significant public health challenges worldwide. Understanding the global, regional, and national burden of disease, as well as sociodemographic and risk factor associations, is essential for targeted interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This secondary data analysis utilized age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR), mortality rates (ASMR), and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) rates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 to assess the health impacts of environmental heat and cold exposure globally from 1990 to 2021. Regional and national variations, as well as age, sex, and Socio-demographic Index (SDI) patterns, were analyzed. Health workforce density data from WHO were incorporated to examine associations with temperature-attributable burden.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021, 3.4 million incident cases (ASIR: 45.1 per 100,000; 95% UI: 42.3-48.1) and 36,000 deaths (ASMR: 0.4 per 100,000; 95% UI: 0.3-0.5) were attributed to environmental heat and cold exposure worldwide, with 1.68 million DALYs (age-standardized rate: 20.4 per 100,000; 95% UI: 18.9-22.1). From 1990 to 2021, DALYs decreased by 53% (95% UI: 49-57%), highlighting global progress. However, disparities persist, with Central Asia and sub-Saharan Africa exhibiting the highest burden. Mongolia reported the highest national rates (ASIR: 366.4; ASMR: 5.2; DALY rate: 238.1 per 100,000). Men generally faced greater risks than women, particularly in older age groups. Cold exposure contributed 68% of total temperature-related DALYs, with opposing SDI gradients for heat (negative correlation) and cold (positive correlation) burden.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While global reductions in temperature-attributable burden demonstrate progress, significant regional and national disparities persist, particularly in low-SDI regions. Effective healthcare policies, health workforce strengthening, and targeted interventions are critical to reducing the persistent burden in vulnerable areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"990"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12534928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145312679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the pathogenesis of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head co-regulated by mesenchymal stem cells and pyroptosis-related genes with the use of transcriptome.","authors":"Xiang-Bin Rong, Wei-Wei Wang, Qiang Ding, Zhao Tian, Liang Guo, Hong-Cheng Tao, Chi-Cheng Niu, Xue-Shen Mo, Jin-Fu Liu, Ping Zeng","doi":"10.1186/s40001-025-02920-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40001-025-02920-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and pyroptosis play an important part in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH). The present study aimed at the identification and analysis of MSC and pyroptosis-related biomarkers for the treatment of SONFH, as well as the elucidation of their biological mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study first use the outliers in GSE123568 data set were removed by principal component analysis (PCA). Next, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in GSE123568 were identified using different expression analysis. Then, immune infiltration analysis and Wilcoxon test were performed. Later, acquires the DE_MSCs between DEGs and MSC, and DE_PRGs between DEGs and PRGs score. After, the top 20 intersected genes were selected by overlapping the two related genes. Afterward, select characteristic genes and diagnostic genes. Finally, the function enrichment analysis, drug prediction, molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulation. Then, reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT qPCR), Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemical staining were performed on the femoral head specimens separately. (The model group specimens are from necrotic femoral heads, while the control group specimens are from femoral heads of patients with femoral neck fractures).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expression of FKBP8 and ANK1 was significantly lower in RT qPCR, western blot analysis, and immunohistochemical staining compared to the control samples. The expression of PTGS2 is actually higher.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, FKBP8, PTGS2 and ANK1 were identified as the biomarkers of SONFH, providing a potential rationale for diagnosing and treating SONFH.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"985"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145307287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of 3-year changes in panoramic radiomorphometric indices and fractal dimension values in primary hyperparathyroidism patients.","authors":"Furkan Ozbey, Adem Pekince, Dilek Coban, Yasin Yasa","doi":"10.1186/s40001-025-03290-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40001-025-03290-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Longitudinal radiographic data on how primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) affects the jawbone are scarce. This study aimed to quantify 3-year mandibular changes in PHPT using radiomorphometric indices and fractal dimension (FD) analysis on panoramic radiographs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective, age- and gender-matched, 3-year longitudinal comparison was performed using 120 panoramic radiographs from 60 individuals (30 PHPT; 30 controls). Each participant contributed baseline and 3-year images (mean interval: 3.26 ± 0.13 years). Radiomorphometric indices (SI, MI, AI, PI, PMI) and FD from three standardized regions of interest (ROI1: condyle; ROI2: angle; ROI3: mental) were measured. Intra-observer reliability was excellent (ICCs 0.80-0.96). Between-group and within-group comparisons used Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests (two-sided, p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The antegonial index (AI) was lower in PHPT than controls at baseline (3.26 ± 0.43 vs. 3.62 ± 0.81 mm; p = 0.034) and remained lower at 3 years (3.24 ± 0.35 vs. 3.55 ± 0.43 mm; p = 0.050). Other indices (SI, MI, PI, PMI) showed no between-group differences at either timepoint and no significant within-group change (all p > 0.05). FD analysis showed a lower ROI2 (mandibular angle) value in PHPT at baseline (p = 0.050) and a significant difference at 3 years (p < 0.01); ROI1 and ROI3 did not differ between groups at either timepoint and exhibited no temporal change (all p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a 3-year age- and gender-matched comparison, PHPT was associated with consistently lower AI and reduced FD in the mandibular angle, while other indices and regional FDs were largely unchanged. These findings identify panoramic AI and ROI2-FD as adjunctive, non-invasive markers that could prompt biochemical evaluation when clinical suspicion exists; confirmation and clinical integration require larger multicenter prospective studies with concurrent biochemical profiling.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"980"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12529785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145299308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crosstalk between ferroptosis and miRNA in type 2 diabetes mellitus and possible therapeutic targeting.","authors":"Hebatallah M Saad, Esraa A Salem, Omnya Elhussieny, Tasnim S Waheeb, Abeer E Elsayed","doi":"10.1186/s40001-025-03178-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40001-025-03178-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 2 diabetes (T2D) accounts for over 90% of diabetes mellitus and is characterized by peripheral tissue insulin resistance, a defective compensatory insulin secretion, and reduced insulin output from pancreatic β-cells. T2D is a complex metabolic syndrome involving multiple cell types within multiple organs, such as the liver, muscle, adipose tissue, and pancreas. Because the adult human endocrine pancreas does not have regenerative capability, understanding of the pathogenesis of T2D is vital for working out successful strategies for the delay or arrest of disease development. Newly, ferroptosis, an iron-dependent, regulated cell death, has emerged as a significant promoter of the pathogenesis and development of T2D. Ferroptosis is distinguishable from apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis, and is characterized by the accumulation of iron, lipid peroxidation, and suppression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). Ferroptosis in pancreatic β-cells results in the defective secretion of insulin. The labile iron pool (LIP), particularly Fe²⁺, enhances the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during the Fenton reaction, thereby leading to ferroptosis. Recent empirical studies have revealed an exquisite regulatory interaction between ferroptosis and microRNAs (miRNAs), with the implication being that miRNAs play a central role in the regulation of ferroptosis during T2D. Two-way regulation of ferroptosis by miRNAs has been highlighted herein, with special focus on new insights and the speculation on the potential of using inhibition of ferroptosis as a strategy for treatment. Therapeutic approaches targeting ferroptosis include the use of ferroptosis inhibitors, such as Ferrostatin-1 and Deferoxamine, and miRNA-guided therapy that regulates iron homeostasis and lipid peroxidation. Such interventions may find practical applications in sustaining β-cell function and stimulating insulin secretion in diabetic patients. In conclusion, understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate ferroptosis and identifying specific drugs targeting ferroptosis and associated miRNAs may unlock novel and effective therapies for individuals with T2D.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"982"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12529866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145299360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}