European Journal of Medical Research最新文献

{"title":"Metabolic profiling and early prediction models for gestational diabetes mellitus in PCOS and non-PCOS pregnant women.","authors":"Jin Wang, Can Cui, Fei Hou, Zhiyan Wu, Yingying Peng, Hua Jin","doi":"10.1186/s40001-025-02526-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40001-025-02526-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common pregnancy complication, significantly affecting maternal and neonatal health. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder characterized by metabolic abnormalities, which notably elevates the risk of developing GDM during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we utilized ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography for untargeted metabolomics analysis of serum samples from 137 pregnant women in the early-to-mid-pregnancy. The cohort consisted of 137 participants, including 70 in the PCOS group (36 who developed GDM in mid-to-late pregnancy and 34 who did not) and 67 in the non-PCOS group (37 who developed GDM and 30 who remained GDM-free). The aim was to investigate metabolic profile differences between PCOS and non-PCOS patients and to construct early GDM prediction models separately for the PCOS and non-PCOS groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings revealed significant differences in the metabolic profiles of PCOS patients, which may help elucidate the higher risk of GDM in the PCOS population. Moreover, tailored early GDM prediction models for the PCOS group demonstrated high predictive performance, providing strong support for early diagnosis and intervention in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Untargeted metabolomics analysis revealed distinct metabolic patterns between PCOS patients and non-PCOS patients, particularly in pathways related to GDM. Based on these findings, we successfully constructed GDM prediction models for both PCOS and non-PCOS groups, offering a promising tool for clinical management and early intervention in high-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11971856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143787708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dihydroartemisinin inhibits lung cancer bone metastasis by modulating macrophage polarization.","authors":"Guihua Hang, Xia Gu, Yuanyuan Gu, Ping Gan, Chunwang Hua, Aiming Chen","doi":"10.1186/s40001-025-02467-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40001-025-02467-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The high metastasis rate of lung cancer contributes to its low 5-year survival rate. Bone metastasis is a common complication in advanced lung cancer, adversely affecting postoperative recovery. This study investigates the effects of DHA on macrophage polarization and its underlying mechanisms. In vitro, DHA was found to inhibit M2 polarization while promoting M1 polarization of macrophages, thereby reducing the invasion and migration of lung cancer cells. In vivo, DHA inhibited lung cancer growth and bone metastasis by modulating macrophage M1/M2 polarization in both lung cancer tissues and bone metastatic sites. In addition, through the CCL2/CCR2 pathway, DHA decreased macrophage recruitment and accumulation. These results suggest that DHA is effective in inhibiting lung cancer growth and bone metastasis, offering promising research and application prospects.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"247"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11971743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143788229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence (AI) approaches to male infertility in IVF: a mapping review.","authors":"Kowsar Qaderi, Foruzan Sharifipour, Mahsa Dabir, Roshanak Shams, Ali Behmanesh","doi":"10.1186/s40001-025-02479-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40001-025-02479-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Male infertility contributes to 20-30% of infertility cases, yet traditional diagnostic and treatment methods face limitations in accuracy and consistency. Artificial intelligence (AI) promises to transform male infertility management within in vitro fertilization (IVF) by enhancing precision and efficiency.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to map current AI applications in male infertility, evaluate their performance in IVF contexts, identify gaps in research, and propose strategies for clinical adoption.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a mapping review of 14 studies, sourced from PubMed, Scopus, IEEE, and Web of Science up to 2024. Using PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched titles and abstracts with keywords like \"IVF,\" \"AI,\" and \"sperm analysis.\" Two authors independently screened records, extracted data on AI techniques, sample sizes, and outcomes, and categorized applications through content analysis, resolving discrepancies via consensus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AI employs tools like support vector machines (SVM), multi-layer perceptrons (MLP), and deep neural networks across six key areas. These include sperm morphology (e.g., SVM with AUC 88.59% on 1400 sperm), motility (e.g., SVM with 89.9% accuracy on 2817 sperm), and non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) sperm retrieval (e.g., gradient boosting trees [GBT] with AUC 0.807 and 91% sensitivity on 119 patients). AI also predicts IVF success (e.g., random forests with AUC 84.23% on 486 patients) and assesses sperm DNA fragmentation. Research surged since 2021, with 8 of 14 studies (57%) published between 2021 and 2023, reflecting growing interest..</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AI enhances diagnostic accuracy and treatment outcomes in male infertility. Future steps include multicenter validation trials, AI-driven sperm selection for IVF/ICSI, and standardized methods to ensure clinical reliability. Addressing ethical concerns like data privacy will further enable AI to improve IVF success globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"246"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11971770/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143788223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is the ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT) procedure truly a sphincter preserving procedure for anal fistula? A scoping review of the literature.","authors":"Ian Jse-Wei Tan, Bei En Siew, Jerrald Lau, Carol Pei Ling Yap, Stephanie Marie May Ee Soon, Ker-Kan Tan","doi":"10.1186/s40001-025-02380-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40001-025-02380-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT) procedure has garnered popularity with its success rates and purported sphincter-continence preservation. However, there remains a paucity in the literature on the objective evaluation of sphincter integrity and fecal continence after the LIFT procedure.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study undertakes a scoping review to systematically explore and map the published literature, to evaluate the sufficiency of data on the impact on continence in patients after the LIFT procedure.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A systematic search of MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASe, CINAHL was performed from January 2007 to April 2020 and 597 publications were identified. Forty-two satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We performed a scoping review in accordance to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only 3 (7.1%) of publications were randomized controlled trials, of which just 1 (2.4%) measured incontinence as a primary outcome. Continence was measured both pre- and post-LIFT in 30 (71.4%), of which 19 (45.2%) had a fixed protocol for continence assessment, which was heterogeneous between the studies. Continence was assessed using subjective scoring systems in 27 (64.3%) and objective measurement was performed in just 6 (14.3%). No studies performed post-operative anatomical assessment of the anal sphincter complex.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Long-term continence in post-LIFT patients is not supported with adequately powered prospective longitudinal trials using rigorously protocoled pre- and post-operative assessment of continence. Future research that focuses on a combination of objective assessment using anal manometry as well as anatomical assessment of the sphincter complex on top of subjective evaluation is needed before we can be certain if LIFT is indeed a sphincter and continence preserving technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11971777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143788235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term outcome following postoperative enhanced recovery implementation in patients with perforated peptic ulcer.","authors":"Amna A Desoky, Mahmoud T Ayoub, Neama M Mostafa, Eman M Hashem, Mona A Mohammed","doi":"10.1186/s40001-025-02432-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40001-025-02432-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the short-term outcome following postoperative enhanced recovery implementation in patients with perforated peptic ulcer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Quasi-experimental research design was utilized. Thirty patients received postoperative enhanced recovery after open surgical repair of perforated peptic ulcer compared with control group who received routine care. Patient assessment sheet and gastrointestinal quality of life index were the tools used for data collection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 40.43 ± 8.39 years for the study group and 39.53 ± 8.08 for the control group (56.7%, 70%), respectively, were males. The study group demonstrated early first bowel movement, flatus and stool passage (8.1 ± 1.16 (h), 12.6 ± 2.46 (h), and 2.47 ± 0.82 (days)), respectively, compared to control group (10 ± 1.11, 15.1 ± 2.04, and 3.57 ± 0.82). A significant reduction (6.93 ± 1.29 vs. 12.3 ± 4.96 (days)) and (30% vs. 60%) in hospital length of stay and postoperative complications among study group compared to control group (P < 0.01). The mean scores (56.17 ± 13.78 and 72.6 ± 11.89 vs. 34.33 ± 8.91and 53.43 ± 16.14) of gastrointestinal quality of life index were significantly better in study group (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Improved gastrointestinal functional recovery, reduced postoperative complications, and improved quality of life, all were a result of implementing postoperative enhanced recovery among patients with perforated peptic ulcer. Trial Registration Number (TRN) -URL: https://www.</p><p><strong>Clinicaltrials: </strong>gov . Unique identifier: NCT06570018 Date of registration July August 22, 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"234"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11970008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143788046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathologic response as an early endpoint for survival following neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy plus abiraterone acetate for metastatic prostate cancer.","authors":"Kaichen Zhou, Haosen Lu, Fukun Wei, Jie Wang, Zhen Song, Lijun Mao","doi":"10.1186/s40001-025-02521-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40001-025-02521-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to explore the factors affecting pathologic complete response (pCR) and prognosis of locally advanced prostate cancer (LAPCa) or metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) treated with neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with abiraterone acetate (AA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study enrolled patients diagnosed with LAPCa or mPCa who were divided into three groups based on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) nadir following ADT with AA: group 1 (PSA ≤ 0.2 ng/ml), group 2 (PSA 0.2-4.0 ng/ml), and group 3 (PSA > 4.0 ng/ml). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were utilized to investigate the relationship between the variables and pCR, and risk factors of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 79 enrolled patients, 33 (41.8%) patients presented with tumor downstaging and 12 (15.2%) patients presented with pCR. PSA nadir was an independent risk factor for tumor downstaging and pCR. Total 71 (89.87%) patients developed CRPC. The median progression time to CRPC in group 1, 2, and 3 was 28, 26, and 24.5 months, respectively. Compared to control group, patients with tumor downstaging, pCR, or PSA nadir < 0.2 ng/ml had better progression-free survival. Tumor downstaging, pCR, and PSA nadir were independent risk factors for progression to CRPC in LAPCa or mPCa.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For patients with LAPCa or mPCa after neoadjuvant AA plus ADT, PSA nadir help predict tumor downstaging or pCR. The patients with tumor downstaging, pCR, or PSA nadir < 0.2 ng/ml have a longer progression time to CRPC.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11969834/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143788021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of respiratory synchronization for laser lithotripsy using a robotic retrograde intrarenal surgery system Zamenix™ in an in-vitro model.","authors":"Joonhwan Kim, Chinnakhet Ketsuwan, Kyu-Seob Song, Jae-Chul Kim, Joonyeong Kim, Hyeji Park, Dong-Soo Kwon, Joo Yong Lee, Sung Yong Cho","doi":"10.1186/s40001-025-02395-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40001-025-02395-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to investigate the improvement of stone fragmentation efficiency and safety in robotic-assisted retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) that implements the respiratory motion synchronization using an in vitro model.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Laser lithotripsy was performed in three groups: manual procedure (group M), robotic procedures without respiratory synchronization (group RNR), and robotic procedures with respiratory synchronization (group RR). The study assessed fragmentation time, laser time, number of mucosal contacts, and total energy used. Two surgeons having different experience of conventional RIRS (> 2500 and < 500) were participated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In overall results of the two surgeons, the fragmentation time significantly decreased to 74.8% in group RNR (P = 0.012) and 65.0% in group RR (P = 0.001), compared to group M. The laser time was significantly shorter in group RR compared to the group M (P = 0.003). The number of mucosal contacts was significantly reduced to 37.4% in group RNR (P = 0.048) and it was 34.0% in group RR, compared to group M. The total energy significantly decreased in group RR compared to group M (P = 0.011). There were no significant differences between group RR and RNR across all outcomes in the overall results of the two surgeons. For less experienced surgeon, the fragmentation time was significantly shorter in group RR compared to group RNR (P = 0.013).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Robotic-assisted RIRS resulted in reduced fragmentation time, laser time, mucosal contacts, and total energy compared to manual RIRS during laser lithotripsy. The incorporation of respiratory synchronization in robotic-assisted RIRS reduced laser time compared to manual RIRS and shortened the fragmentation time compared to the robotic-assisted RIRS without respiratory synchronization, particularly for less experienced surgeon. These initial results demonstrated the feasibility of robotic-assisted RIRS with respiratory synchronization, highlighting its potential to improve procedural efficiency and safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11969758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143788232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Umbilical cord blood-derived platelet-rich plasma as a coating substrate supporting cell adhesion and biological activities of wound healing.","authors":"Thanh-Hai Tong, Xuan-Hai Do, Thanh-Thao Nguyen, Bich-Hanh Pham, Quang-Dung Le, Xuan-Hung Nguyen, Nhung Thi My Hoang, Thu-Huyen Nguyen, Nam Hoang Nguyen, Uyen Thi Trang Than","doi":"10.1186/s40001-025-02494-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40001-025-02494-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11969813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143788225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic potential and mechanisms of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in Alzheimer's disease: a literature review.","authors":"Xinlei Zhang, Lingling Zhu, Yuan Li, Hongna Yu, Tao Wang, Xiuli Chu","doi":"10.1186/s40001-025-02493-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40001-025-02493-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, affecting tens of millions worldwide with projections indicating increasing prevalence in coming decades. Characterized by progressive cognitive decline, AD manifests with varying degrees of executive, language, and visuospatial impairments that worsen over time, eventually leading to severe psychiatric symptoms, mobility difficulties, sleep disturbances, and incontinence. While pharmacological treatments remain the primary intervention approach, their efficacy often diminishes over time and may produce significant adverse effects. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), as a non-invasive neuromodulation technique, has emerged as a promising alternative or complementary therapy. This literature review examines the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of rTMS in Alzheimer's disease. Through electromagnetic induction, rTMS can selectively modulate cortical excitability, with high-frequency stimulation (≥ 5 Hz) enhancing neural excitability and low-frequency stimulation (≤ 1 Hz) producing inhibitory effects. Recent clinical evidence demonstrates that rTMS can significantly improve cognitive function, memory, language abilities, and motor performance in AD patients, particularly when administered with optimized parameters targeting key brain regions, such as the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The neurobiological mechanisms underlying these effects include enhanced synaptic plasticity, increased expression of neurotrophic factors, modulation of neurotransmitter systems, and reduction of pathological protein aggregation. Meta-analyses indicate that high-frequency protocols (particularly 20 Hz) delivered over at least 3 weeks with a minimum of 20 sessions produce the most significant cognitive improvements, with effects potentially persisting for months post-treatment. Combined approaches integrating rTMS with cognitive training show particular promise through synergistic enhancement of neuroplasticity. Despite encouraging results, standardization of treatment protocols and larger clinical trials are needed to establish definitive guidelines and determine long-term efficacy. This review synthesizes current evidence supporting rTMS as an effective intervention for alleviating clinical symptoms of Alzheimer's disease while highlighting opportunities for advancing its therapeutic application.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"233"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11969782/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143788166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between glycemic variability and all-cause mortality in critically ill patients with non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage: a retrospective study based on the MIMIC-IV database.","authors":"Yuyang Hou, Xinyi Guo, Jiasheng Yu","doi":"10.1186/s40001-025-02468-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40001-025-02468-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Abnormal glycemic variability (GV), defined as acute fluctuations in blood glucose, is a prevalent phenomenon observed in critically ill patients and has been linked to unfavorable outcomes, including elevated mortality. However, the impact of this factor on patients with non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remains unclear. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between GV and all-cause mortality (ACM) in patients with non-traumatic SAH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All blood glucose measurements taken within the initial 72-h period following intensive care unit (ICU) admission for non-traumatic SAH patients were extracted. The coefficient of variation (CV) was employed to quantify GV, defined as the ratio of the standard deviation (SD) to the mean blood glucose. Patients were stratified into tertiles based on their GV. Furthermore, we assessed ACM at multiple timepoints, including at ICU, in-hospital, 30 days, 90 days, 180 days, and 1 year. The relationship between GV and ACM was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression models and restricted cubic splines (RCS). Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to estimate survival across different GV groups. Subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness of the findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study cohort comprised a total of 1056 patients, of whom 55.6% were female. The mortality rates observed in the ICU, hospital, and at various timepoints, including 30 days, 90 days, 180 days, and 1 year, were 12.8%, 16.2%, 17.5%, 21.5%, 24.3%, and 26.6%, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed a significant association between the high GV (≥ 20.4%) and ACM among patients with SAH. RCS analysis revealed a nonlinear U-shaped correlation between GV and ACM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>GV was identified as an independent risk factor for ACM in critically ill patients with non-traumatic SAH. These findings indicate that enhancing GV stability could potentially contribute to reducing mortality rates among non-traumatic SAH patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11949,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11969825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143788224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}