European Journal of Clinical Nutrition最新文献_第3页

Comparison of three different daily doses of vitamin D3 in the treatment of nutritional rickets in Indian children under age 5 years: A randomized controlled trial. 比较三种不同的维生素D3日剂量治疗营养性佝偻病在印度5岁以下儿童：一项随机对照试验。

IF 3.2 3区医学

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition Pub Date : 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-026-01820-4

Aashima Dabas, Raman Kumar Marwaha, Binita Goswami, Radhika Batra, Devi Dayal, Vineet Dabas, Tom D Thacher, Ritika Shrivastava, Pamali Nanda, Medha Mittal, Sumana Kundu

{"title":"Comparison of three different daily doses of vitamin D3 in the treatment of nutritional rickets in Indian children under age 5 years: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Aashima Dabas, Raman Kumar Marwaha, Binita Goswami, Radhika Batra, Devi Dayal, Vineet Dabas, Tom D Thacher, Ritika Shrivastava, Pamali Nanda, Medha Mittal, Sumana Kundu","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01820-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-026-01820-4","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To compare the efficacy of three different doses of oral vitamin D in treatment of nutritional rickets METHODS: This three-group open-labeled randomized controlled trial enrolled children age 6 months to 5 years with nutritional rickets to receive oral vitamin D3 (2000, 3000 or 4000 IU) for 12 weeks. The outcomes were final radiological rickets severity score (RSS) (primary), change in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) at 12 weeks.Results: A total of 132 children (68 boys) with a median (IQR) age 24 (18, 39.5) months and mean (SD) RSS 8.86 (1.89) were enrolled (44 in each of the three groups). The median (IQR) RSS improved significantly from baseline to endline RSS 2.0 (1.0, 5.0), 1.0 (0.0, 4.0) and 1.75 (0.5, 4.25); p = 0.280, in the 2000, 3000, and 4000 IU groups, respectively. The median (IQR) serum 25(OH)D levels increased at 12 weeks to 27.3 (17.7, 48.7), 38.95 (19.0, 67.6) and 46.3 (26.7, 64.6) ng/mL in 2000, 3000 and 4000 IU groups, respectively; p = 0.058. One-third children who had RSS > 1.5 had lower serum phosphorus and higher ALP at baseline (p < 0.05). Dietary calcium intake was significantly (p = 0.008) related to final log RSS irrespective of allocation group when adjusted for baseline covariates. Three children had hypercalciuria and six had serum 25(OH)D > 100 ng/mL (all belonged to the 3000/4000 IU groups).Conclusions: Daily oral vitamin D3 doses of 2000, 3000 and 4000 IU were comparable in efficacy in the treatment of nutritional rickets. CTRI: CTRI/2023/05/053097 [ https://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pmaindet2.php?EncHid=NzY0MTk=&Enc=&userName= ].","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From mother's plate to newborn's health: dietary patterns and pregnancy outcomes-a cohort study. 从母亲的餐盘到新生儿的健康：饮食模式和怀孕结果——一项队列研究。

IF 3.2 3区医学

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition Pub Date : 2026-09-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-026-01817-z

Tahnee Zacher, Rebecca Opel, Carolin Sobek, Peggy Ober, Wieland Kiess, Mandy Vogel

{"title":"From mother's plate to newborn's health: dietary patterns and pregnancy outcomes-a cohort study.","authors":"Tahnee Zacher, Rebecca Opel, Carolin Sobek, Peggy Ober, Wieland Kiess, Mandy Vogel","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01817-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-026-01817-z","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Maternal nutrition during pregnancy significantly influences both maternal and neonatal health outcomes, yet distinct dietary patterns and their impacts remain underexplored. The objective of this study was to identify dietary patterns during pregnancy and to investigate associations between these patterns and pregnancy outcomes.Methods: We analyzed data from 1404 pregnant women in the LIFE Child cohort (Germany, 2011-2025) who completed a Food Frequency Questionnaire. To identify food groups and dietary patterns, hierarchical clustering was applied. Linear and logistic models were used to examine how these dietary patterns are associated with maternal parameters such as BMI, socioeconomic status, and age, as well as infant birth outcomes including gestational age, birth weight, and birth length.Results: Four distinct dietary patterns were identified: mixed-diet, traditional bread-based, high-ultra-processed foods (high-UPF), and vegetable-rich. Significant differences in maternal characteristics were observed across these dietary patterns. Women adhering to the high-UPF pattern had the highest pre-pregnancy BMI and highest gestational weight gain, whereas women following the vegetable-rich pattern had the lowest pre-pregnancy BMI. Regarding neonatal outcomes, infants born to mothers in the vegetable-rich pattern had a significantly higher gestational age at birth and greater birth length compared with selected other dietary patterns. Furthermore, mothers adhering to the high-UPF pattern had the lowest proportion of infants born appropriate for gestational age; however, these differences were not statistically significant.Conclusion: Maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy were associated with maternal characteristics and selected neonatal outcomes, supporting the critical importance of early nutritional information in pregnancy care.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148879743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long-term weight maintenance after a low-carbohydrate diet: a real-world retrospective cohort study. 低碳水化合物饮食后的长期体重维持：一项真实世界的回顾性队列研究。

IF 3.2 3区医学

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition Pub Date : 2026-08-29 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-026-01815-1

Yuting Ruan, Huanyu Hu, Qi Cheng, Fengxia Deng, Peng Lin, Tongxi Zhu, Qisheng Zhang, Hong Chen

{"title":"Long-term weight maintenance after a low-carbohydrate diet: a real-world retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Yuting Ruan, Huanyu Hu, Qi Cheng, Fengxia Deng, Peng Lin, Tongxi Zhu, Qisheng Zhang, Hong Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01815-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-026-01815-1","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) promotes short-term weight loss in individuals with overweight or obesity, but long-term maintenance remains uncertain, particularly in real-world settings. This study aimed to identify predictors of weight regain following a short-term LCD intervention in a hospital-based weight management program.Methods: This retrospective cohort study included adult individuals with overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 24 kg/m²) who underwent an LCD between July 2016 and July 2020. Baseline anthropometric and metabolic data were extracted from medical records, and follow-up weight and lifestyle information were collected via structured telephone interviews and questionnaires at least 12 months post-intervention. Weight regain was defined as regaining ≥25% of initial weight loss. Multivariable logistic regression identified independent predictors of weight regain, adjusting for age, sex, and other confounders.Results: Among 294 participants, all subjects received an LCD intervention for an average of 6.9 ± 4.2 weeks, and the average follow-up duration was 36.7 months. Of these, 153 (52%) regained weight, while 141 (48%) maintained weight loss. Despite a higher initial BMI (30.6 ± 5.3 vs. 29.1 ± 4.4 kg/m², p = 0.008), maintainers exhibited greater long-term stability. A family history of obesity significantly increased weight regain risk (OR = 2.36-2.84, p < 0.01), whereas adequate sleep (6-8 h/night) was protective (OR = 0.15-0.16, p < 0.05). LCD duration, initial weight loss, and exercise frequency were not consistently associated with maintenance.Conclusion: Both genetic predisposition and lifestyle factors influence long-term weight outcomes, underscoring the interplay between immutable and modifiable determinants in weight management.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148857154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Increasing levels of industrially derived trans fatty acids in European erythrocytes. 欧洲红细胞中工业衍生的反式脂肪酸水平升高。

IF 3.2 3区医学

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition Pub Date : 2026-08-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-026-01818-y

Clemens von Schacky, Adrian Passow

引用次数: 0

Association between maternal milk intake during pregnancy and birth size of infants: results from the Japan Environment and Children's Study. 怀孕期间母乳摄入量与婴儿出生尺寸之间的关系：来自日本环境与儿童研究的结果。

IF 3.2 3区医学

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition Pub Date : 2026-08-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-026-01786-3

Kazue Ishitsuka, Sjurdur F Olsen, Thorhallur Halldorsson, Naho Morisaki, Norie Sawada, Utako Murai, Takehiro Michikawa, Shoji F Nakayama

{"title":"Association between maternal milk intake during pregnancy and birth size of infants: results from the Japan Environment and Children's Study.","authors":"Kazue Ishitsuka, Sjurdur F Olsen, Thorhallur Halldorsson, Naho Morisaki, Norie Sawada, Utako Murai, Takehiro Michikawa, Shoji F Nakayama","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01786-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-026-01786-3","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Cow milk is rich in essential nutrients for fetal growth. We investigated associations of maternal milk intake and macronutrient intake from milk with birth size.Methods: We included 79,976 mother-infant pairs from an ongoing nationwide prospective Japanese cohort study. Maternal milk intake (full-fat and low-fat milk) was assessed through a food frequency questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression was performed to investigate the associations of total milk intake and macronutrient intake from milk with small for gestational age (SGA) and large for gestational age.Results: Median total milk intake was approximately 96.9 mL/day during pregnancy. The highest quintile of total milk intake was associated with a decreased SGA risk compared with the lowest quintile of total milk intake (odds ratio: 0.87; 95% confidence interval: 0.80-0.95). Compared with women who consumed full-fat milk less than once per month, women with a higher frequency of full-fat milk intake were less likely to have SGA. No association was observed when the analysis was limited to those who did not consume full-fat milk. Compared with the lowest quintile, the higher quintiles of protein, fat, and carbohydrate intake from milk were associated with a reduced risk of SGA. There were no associations of milk intake with large for gestational age.Conclusions: We found that milk intake during pregnancy, particularly full-fat milk, was associated with a lower risk of SGA in a cohort of pregnant women with relatively low milk intake. Our results support the hypothesis that milk intake during pregnancy promotes fetal growth.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148789677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of orange juice enriched with probiotics and vitamin D3 on glucose metabolism in high-cardiometabolic risk individuals: secondary outcomes of a randomised controlled trial. 富含益生菌和维生素D3的橙汁对高心脏代谢风险个体葡萄糖代谢的影响：一项随机对照试验的次要结果

IF 3.2 3区医学

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition Pub Date : 2026-08-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-026-01808-0

Sofia Tsitsou, Nikolaos Zacharodimos, Stamatia Vitsou-Anastasiou, Olga S Papadopoulou, Chrysoula C Tassou, Emilia Papakonstantinou

{"title":"Effects of orange juice enriched with probiotics and vitamin D3 on glucose metabolism in high-cardiometabolic risk individuals: secondary outcomes of a randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Sofia Tsitsou, Nikolaos Zacharodimos, Stamatia Vitsou-Anastasiou, Olga S Papadopoulou, Chrysoula C Tassou, Emilia Papakonstantinou","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01808-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-026-01808-0","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) compared the effects of 100% orange juice (OJ) enriched with probiotics and vitamin D3 on glucose metabolism to unfortified OJ in high-cardiometabolic risk individuals.Methods: This 8-week double-blinded RCT included two groups consuming 250 mL daily: unfortified OJ (control) and OJ with vitamin D3 (2000 IU) and probiotics (Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG and Lacticaseibacillus casei Shirota, 108 CFU/mL) (FunJuice). Participants were fitted with a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system for 14 days before and during the last 2 weeks of the intervention, and underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at baseline and 8 weeks.Results: Fifty individuals (17 males, 34%; 48.7 years; body mass index = 32 kg/m2) completed the trial (control-n = 24; FunJuice-n = 26). Measures of OGTT, as well as most of the CGM-derived indices, remained comparable between groups (p > 0.05). From the pairwise comparisons: (a) FunJuice reduced the high blood glucose index [-0.06 (-0.1, -0.02), p = 0.010)]; (b) the control and FunJuice decreased the 24-h area under the curve for glucose [-9 (-14.5, -3.5), p = 0.002, and -8.9 (-14.2, -3.6), p = 0.002, respectively]; and (c) the control group increased 30-min glycemic responses [20 (5.6, 34.4), p = 0.007)], at 8 weeks compared to the baseline.Conclusions: Daily consumption of enriched OJ did not lead to significant changes in glucose metabolism compared to the unfortified OJ. However, the OJ intake, with or without fortification, may have favorable effects on glycemic fluctuations. This study was a part of FunJuice-T2EDK-01922, which was funded by the EU Regional Development Fund and Greek National Resources.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148789736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A study for markers of low energy availability in athletes: a meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies. 运动员低能量可用性标志物的研究：横断面研究的荟萃分析。

IF 3.2 3区医学

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition Pub Date : 2026-08-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-026-01811-5

Seungah Han, Jimmy Kim, Minjun Kim, Taewoong Oh

{"title":"A study for markers of low energy availability in athletes: a meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies.","authors":"Seungah Han, Jimmy Kim, Minjun Kim, Taewoong Oh","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01811-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-026-01811-5","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: When low energy availability (LEA) falls below threshold levels, it is associated with declines in physiological functions such as bone health and endocrine function. This is associated with diminished physical capabilities and impaired performance in athletes. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis examining body composition and hormonal status in athletes according to low energy availability (LEA) status, with the aim of identifying physiological characteristics associated with energy imbalance.Method: To compare LEA and normal energy availability (NEA), a literature search was conducted using keywords related to body composition and hormones by limiting it to studies from January 2007 to July 2023 in Web of Science, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect databases. As a result, 11 studies were finally selected.Result: A total of 11 studies met the inclusion criteria for this meta-analysis, encompassing 1006 athletes (471 females [49.4%] and 535 males [50.6%]), of whom 509 (50.6%) were identified as having LEA. Athletes with LEA tended to have lower weight, body mass index (BMI), and total body BMD Z-score. Furthermore, several physiological markers were lower, while cortisol levels were higher and leptin levels did not differ significantly.Conclusion: The results suggest that athletes with LEA may experience impairments in physiological functions, including alterations in gonadal hormones and bone mineral density markers. This study systematically examined endocrine responses in athletes with low energy availability. These findings suggest that LEA is associated with adverse health outcomes in athletes.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148789606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: Circannual prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in older and minoritized ethnic adults in Northern Britain: screening outcomes from a clinical trial 更正：英国北部老年人和少数民族成年人维生素D不足的年际患病率：来自临床试验的筛选结果。

IF 3.2 3区医学

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition Pub Date : 2026-08-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-026-01813-3

Alice Goddard, Anthony Watson, Rowena Tilbury, Bernard M. Corfe, Andrea Fairley

引用次数: 0

Prevalence, risk factors, and clinical consequence of enteral feeding intolerance in elderly patients with traumatic brain injury: a two-center study. 老年外伤性脑损伤患者肠内喂养不耐受的患病率、危险因素和临床后果：一项双中心研究

IF 3.2 3区医学

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition Pub Date : 2026-08-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-026-01812-4

Yuanrun Zhu, Wei Ji, Chen Jiang, Kangli Xu, Haibo Li, Xiaofeng Yang, Yadong Wang

{"title":"Prevalence, risk factors, and clinical consequence of enteral feeding intolerance in elderly patients with traumatic brain injury: a two-center study.","authors":"Yuanrun Zhu, Wei Ji, Chen Jiang, Kangli Xu, Haibo Li, Xiaofeng Yang, Yadong Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01812-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-026-01812-4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Enteral nutrition (EN) support is important for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Enteral feeding intolerance (EFI) is common among critically ill patients and may lead to inadequate EN support. Currently, TBI in elderly individuals poses a growing health concern. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and clinical consequences of EFI in elderly patients with TBI.Methods: We performed a two-center retrospective analysis. Elderly patients (>59 years old) with TBI admitted from January 2022 to December 2024 were included. A total of 934 patients were screened, and 159 were finally analyzed.Results: The overall prevalence of EFI was 44.0%. High gastric residual volume (42.9%) and diarrhea (41.4%) were the two most common direct causes of EFI. Age, blood transfusion and ventilation duration were independent risk factors for EFI. Patients with EFI were more likely to receive inadequate EN support (adjusted odds ratio 3.84, 95% CI: 1.39-10.63) and had higher in-hospital mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 2.76, 95% CI: 1.16-6.56), as well as lower Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores at discharge (adjusted odds ratio 0.49, 95% CI: 0.25-0.96).Conclusions: EFI is common in elderly patients with TBI, and the risk increases with age. Blood transfusion and prolonged ventilation duration are independent risk factors for EFI, in addition to age. EFI episodes are associated with inadequate nutrition support and worse clinical outcomes. Interventions to manage EFI may benefit elderly patients with TBI.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148789749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nutritional intake and growth in very low birth weight infants: a comparison of standardized versus parent-led complementary feeding 极低出生体重儿的营养摄入和生长：标准化喂养与家长主导的补充喂养的比较

IF 3.2 3区医学

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition Pub Date : 2026-08-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-026-01809-z

Melanie Gsoellpointner, Margarita Thanhaeuser, Margit Kornsteiner-Krenn, Fabian Eibensteiner, Robin Ristl, Bernd Jilma, Sophia Brandstetter, Angelika Berger, Nadja Haiden

{"title":"Nutritional intake and growth in very low birth weight infants: a comparison of standardized versus parent-led complementary feeding","authors":"Melanie Gsoellpointner, Margarita Thanhaeuser, Margit Kornsteiner-Krenn, Fabian Eibensteiner, Robin Ristl, Bernd Jilma, Sophia Brandstetter, Angelika Berger, Nadja Haiden","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01809-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-026-01809-z","url":null,"abstract":"The complementary feeding (CF) period is critical for ensuring adequate nutrient intake to support optimal growth in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. This analysis compares nutritional intake and growth across two CF strategies: a standardized, protocol-driven approach and a non-standardized, parent-led approach. Both cohorts included infants with a birth weight <1500 g. The standardized group followed an age-dependent CF protocol utilizing commercial baby jars, whereas the non-standardized cohort practiced parent-led feeding without dietary restrictions. Nutritional intake was assessed using 3-day dietary records. Infants in the non-standardized study had significantly higher intakes of protein, fat, arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acid, while the standardized cohort showed higher iron and zinc intakes from 6 months corrected age onwards. Despite nutritional differences, growth was similar between cohorts. This comparison demonstrates notable differences in nutrient intake between CF approaches and may guide individualized strategies to support the nutritional needs of VLBW infants. Clinical trial registration: Randomized, standardized study: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01809548. Non-standardized, prospective study: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02936219.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 10","pages":"1105-1108"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-026-01809-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148697074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0