The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal最新文献

{"title":"A Mobile-based Application to Improve the Etiologic Diagnosis of Community-acquired Childhood Pneumonia: Another Brick in the Wall?","authors":"David Torres-Fernandez, Quique Bassat","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003383","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"37-38"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39660085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kingella kingae Spondylodiscitis: Treatment Failure With Flucloxacillin.","authors":"Aaron Keene,&nbsp;Julie Creighton,&nbsp;Trevor Anderson,&nbsp;Tony Walls","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kingella kingae infections generally respond well to most beta-lactam antibiotics. We investigated an antibiotic treatment failure in a 3-year-old with K. kingae L3-4 spondylodiscitis. Her disease progressed even after 19 days of high-dose intravenous flucloxacillin. The clinical isolate did not produce a beta-lactamase and despite phenotypic testing and whole-genome sequencing, the mechanism of flucloxacillin resistance remains unknown.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"48-50"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39500752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Cerebellitis in MIS-C: A Case Report.","authors":"Nihal Akçay,&nbsp;Mustafa Oğur,&nbsp;Mehmet Emin Menentoğlu,&nbsp;Ayşe İrem Sofuoğlu,&nbsp;Kübra Boydağ Güvenç,&nbsp;Figen Bakirtaş Palabiyik,&nbsp;Esra Şevketoğlu","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is characterized predominantly by respiratory symptoms and has affected a small subset of children. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) has been reported in children following COVID-19. There is increasing report that COVID-19 may also lead to neurologic manifestations. Cerebellar lesions may be observed in viral infections.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We report a child with MIS-C related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, who developed cerebellar lesion during the disease course. Encephalopathy was the first central nervous system symptom. His consciousness improved but he developed clinical signs of cerebellar dysfunction including ataxia, dysarthria and nystagmus. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed symmetrical pathological signal changes in both cerebellar hemispheres.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We demonstrated the first child with MIS-C to develop cerebellar lesion on brain MRI, suggestive of cerebellitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e16-e18"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8658064/pdf/inf-41-e16.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39500754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 17-Month-old Girl With Lymphocutaneous Thigh Infection.","authors":"Géraldine Laurence Pascale Bono,&nbsp;Franziska Zucol,&nbsp;Adrian Schmid","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003278","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"87-89"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39823804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric Parapneumonic Effusion/Pleural Empyema in Japan: A Nationwide Survey.","authors":"Tadashi Hoshino,&nbsp;Daisuke Nishima,&nbsp;Mayumi Enseki,&nbsp;Naoki Umehara,&nbsp;Chie Fukasawa,&nbsp;Naruhiko Ishiwada","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pediatric parapneumonic effusion/ pleural empyema (PPE/PE) is a severe infectious condition, and its management should be guided by local epidemiology and the patient's medical history. This survey aimed to determine the clinical and bacteriologic features of PPE/PE in Japan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A nationwide retrospective questionnaire survey was conducted, targeting 159 pediatric specialist training medical facilities for inpatients ≤18 years of age who were admitted for PPE/PE between January 2007 and December 2016.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Valid responses were obtained from 122 facilities, and 96 patients were identified from 38 facilities. The median age (interquartile range) was 2.7 (0.8-7.8) years. Overall, 60 (63 %) patients were men and 49 (51%) had comorbidities. The causative bacteria were identified in 59% of patients by culture except in one case identified using PCR. Streptococcus pyogenes (16%), Staphylococcus aureus (14%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (13%) were the major pathogens. Carbapenems were administered to 34% of patients without comorbidities. Chest tube drainage was performed in 71%, intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy in 9.4%, surgery in 25% and mechanical ventilation in 29% of the patients. Five patients (5.2%) had complications and one (1.1%) had sequelae, but all patients (100%) survived.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is first report of a nationwide survey pertaining to pediatric PPE/PE in Japan. We found that the etiology showed a different trend from that reported in other countries. It is worrisome that molecular methods were rarely used for pathogenic diagnosis and carbapenems were overused. Thus, it is imperative to establish clinical guidelines for PPE/PE in Japan.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"20-23"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39689677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripheral Venous Catheter-related Bloodstream Infections in Hospitalized Children: The Role of Gram-negative Bacteria.","authors":"Itay Berger,&nbsp;Tal Cohen,&nbsp;Eyal Rahmani,&nbsp;Itzhak Levy,&nbsp;Alexander Lowenthal,&nbsp;Yoel Levinsky,&nbsp;Lotem Goldberg,&nbsp;Nufar Marcus,&nbsp;Nesia Kropach,&nbsp;Haim Ben-Zvi,&nbsp;Gabriel Chodik,&nbsp;Liat Ashkenazi-Hoffnung,&nbsp;Oded Scheuerman","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Peripheral venous catheter (PVC) is the most used vascular access device in medicine, allowing administration of intravenous fluids and medications. Known complications associated with PVC include extravasation, phlebitis and rarely bloodstream infection (BSI). Data regarding PVC-related BSI in children are lacking. Our aim was to evaluate the epidemiology, clinical and microbiologic characteristics of pediatric inpatients with PVC-related BSI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted in a pediatric tertiary care center. Children with BSI, admitted to general pediatric departments during 2010-2019, were identified and their medical records examined. Patients with BSI and phlebitis were further characterized and included in the analysis. We excluded patients with central venous catheters, other identified source of infection and with BSI upon admission. Data collected included patients' demographics and clinical and microbiologic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-seven children with PVC-related BSI were identified and included in the study, consisting of 0.2% of the total BSI cases. Patient's median age was 24 (range, 1.5-213) months, 14/27 (52%) were female and 6 (22%) were previously healthy while 21 (78%) had prior medical conditions. Sixteen (59.3%) patients had Gram-negative BSI and 6 (22.2%) Gram-positive bacteria. Polymicrobial infection occurred in 4 (14.8%) patients and Candida albicans in 1 (3.7%) patient. The most common isolated bacteria were Klebsiella spp and Staphylococcus aureus. Longer dwell-time was a predictor of Gram-negative bacteria.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PVC-related BSI due to Gram-negative bacteria was more common than to Gram-positive bacteria. Clinicians should consider an initial broad-spectrum antibiotic coverage for PVC-related BSI in hospitalized pediatric patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e395-e399"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39161239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Prevalence of Severe Underlying Pathology in Children With Recurrent Respiratory Tract Infections.","authors":"Daphne Peeters,&nbsp;Pieter Verhulst,&nbsp;Anja Aph Vaessen-Verberne,&nbsp;Xandra W van den Tweel,&nbsp;Jeroen G Noordzij,&nbsp;Gertjan J A Driessen","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>No underlying pathology could be detected in 64% of 208 children presenting with recurrent respiratory tract infections in general pediatric practice. Asthma/preschool wheezing and adenoid hypertrophy were commonly diagnosed. None of the children had a severe primary immunodeficiency or severe pulmonary illness such as cystic fibrosis. Our findings can guide pediatricians in their diagnostic approach of children with respiratory tract infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e424-e426"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39185199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bannwarth Syndrome: A Rare Manifestation of Pediatric Lyme Neuroborreliosis.","authors":"Ankhi Dutta,&nbsp;Jill V Hunter,&nbsp;Jesus G Vallejo","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lymphocytic meningoradiculitis (Bannwarth syndrome) is a rare manifestation of Lyme neuroborreliosis in children. It is the most common clinical manifestation of early Lyme neuroborreliosis in adults in European countries where the disease is endemic but is rare in children. We report an imported case of Bannwarth syndrome in a pediatric patient and review the literature for other pediatric cases reported.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e442-e444"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39532427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preseptal Versus Orbital Cellulitis in Children: An Observational Study.","authors":"Javier Miranda-Barrios,&nbsp;Blanca Bravo-Queipo-de-Llano,&nbsp;Fernando Baquero-Artigao,&nbsp;María Granados-Fernandez,&nbsp;Susana Noval,&nbsp;Ignacio Rabanal,&nbsp;Ana Méndez-Echevarría,&nbsp;Teresa Del Rosal,&nbsp;Talía Sainz,&nbsp;Javier Aracil,&nbsp;Cristina Calvo","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preseptal and orbital cellulitis are two types of infection surrounding the orbital septum with very different potential outcomes. Our aim was to describe key differential features of both conditions, laying special emphasis on diagnostic and therapeutic tools.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review of patients admitted to a tertiary hospital over a 15-year period (January 2004-October 2019) was conducted. We included 198 patients with preseptal and 45 with orbital cellulitis. Descriptive statistics were performed to examine the available information.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistically significant differences were found between patients with preseptal and orbital cellulitis regarding age (3.9 ± 2.14 vs. 7.5 ± 4.24 years), presence of fever (51.5% vs. 82.2%), and preexisting sinusitis (2% vs. 77.8%) (all P < 0.001). Diplopia, ophthalmoplegia and proptosis were only present in orbital cellulitis (P < 0.001). Median values of C-reactive protein were significantly higher among children with orbital involvement [136.35 mg/L (IQR 74.08-168.98) vs. 17.85 (IQR 6.33-50.10), P < 0.0001]. A CRP>120 mg/L cut-off point for orbital cellulitis was obtained. Early CT scans were performed in 75.6% of suspected orbital cellulitis and helped detecting complications at an early stage. Abscesses were revealed in 70.6% of cases, especially medial subperiosteal abscesses (58.8%). All patients received intravenous antibiotics, whereas corticosteroids were preferred in patients with orbital implication (8.6% vs. 73.3%, P < 0.001). Only 26.7% of patients required additional surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Clinical presentation and CRP are extremely sensitive for differential diagnosis of preseptal and orbital cellulitis. Prompt initiation of intravenous antibiotics is mandatory and can prevent surgical procedures even in cases with incipient abscesses.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"969-974"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39532424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health-related Quality of Life After Childhood Bacterial Meningitis.","authors":"Emilie Rugemalira,&nbsp;Mariia Karppinen,&nbsp;Okko Savonius,&nbsp;Manuel Leite Cruzeiro,&nbsp;Heikki Peltola,&nbsp;Irmeli Roine,&nbsp;Tuula Pelkonen","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000003243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Survivors of bacterial meningitis (BM) often suffer from impaired quality of life that stems from disabling sequelae. The authors aimed to estimate health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and the influence of neurologic and audiologic sequelae among pediatric BM survivors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Survivors of 2 BM treatment trials at Luanda Children's Hospital, Angola were evaluated for severity of disability via the modified Glasgow Outcome Scale, which considers neurologic and audiologic sequelae. Children who received vaccinations at the hospital during the time of the study (1-2, 2017) and survivors' siblings served as controls. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory tool (PedsQL) enabled identifying HRQOL disparities between the cases and controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all, 68 BM survivors (median time since BM: 28 months) and 35 controls participated. Survivors scored significantly lower than controls per PedsQL parent-proxy reports, indicating lower HRQOL (physical health: 82.5 vs. 100, P = 0.001; psychosocial health: 80 vs. 90, P = 0.005; and total score: 82.61 vs. 93, P = 0.004), while no difference prevailed between cases and controls in PedsQL child self-reporting. In all Glasgow Outcome Scale classes, cases differed significantly from controls in PedsQL parent-proxy reporting terms, with total scores of 84.21 (mild/no disability), 43.54 (moderate disability) and 55.56 (severe disability), while the controls scored 91.3 (P = 0.04, P = 0.02 and P < 0.001, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Irrespective of possible disability, BM survivors' HRQOL is impaired, according to parents' perceptions. There is a need to facilitate follow-ups for all BM survivors, to enable timely rehabilitation when needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":118937,"journal":{"name":"The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"987-992"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39254091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}