Environmental Health Perspectives最新文献

{"title":"Categorizing Concentration Confidence: A Framework for Reporting Concentration Measures from Mass Spectrometry-Based Assays.","authors":"Lauren M Petrick, David Achaintre, Amith Maroli, Julio Landero, Priyanthi S Dessanayake, Susan L Teitelbaum, Mary S Wolff, Manish Arora, Robert O Wright, Syam S Andra","doi":"10.1289/EHP15465","DOIUrl":"10.1289/EHP15465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Innovation in mass spectrometry-based methods to both quantify and perform discovery has blurred the lines between targeted and untargeted assays of biospecimens. Continuous data-concentrations or intensity values generated from both methods-can be used in statistical analysis to determine associations with health outcomes, but concentration values are needed to compare measurements from one study to another to inform policy making decisions and to develop clinically relevant thresholds. As a single solution for discovery and quantitation, new hybrid-type assays derive concentration values for chemicals or metabolites but with varying degrees of uncertainty that may be greater than traditional quantitative assays. There is no current single standard to guide reporting bioassay concentrations or their uncertainty in concentration values from hybrid assays. Even when measures are robust, obtained with high scientific rigor, and provide valuable data toward risk assessment, unknown uncertainty can lead to bias in interpretation of reported data or omission of reported data that does not meet the strict criteria for absolute quantitation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this commentary is to articulate a scheme that enables investigators across bioanalytical fields to easily report analyte measurement assurance on the same scale from quantitative, untargeted, or hybrid assays that include a range of concentration confidences.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>We propose a simple scheme to report concentrations for targeted and untargeted analytes. Level 1 is a confirmed concentration following established tolerances in a fully quantitative assay while level 5 is a tentative intensity from a typical untargeted assay. This framework enables easy communication of uncertainty in concentration measurements to aid cross-validation, meta-analysis, and extrapolation across studies. It will facilitate interpretation while supporting analytical advancement and allow clear and concise measurement reporting across a broad range of confidences. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15465.</p>","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":"55001"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycoestrogen Exposure during Pregnancy: Impact of the <i>ABCG2</i> Q141K Variant on Birth and Placental Outcomes.","authors":"Zorimar Rivera-Núñez, Carolyn Kinkade, Anita Brinker, Ranran Zhang, Brian Buckley, Jessica Brunner, Pamela Ohman-Strickland, Xing Qiu, Rani J Qasem, John K Fallon, Philip C Smith, Richard K Miller, Carolyn S Salafia, Thomas G O'Connor, Lauren M Aleksunes, Emily S Barrett","doi":"10.1289/EHP14478","DOIUrl":"10.1289/EHP14478","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Zearalenone (ZEN) is an estrogenic mycotoxin (\"mycoestrogen\") that contaminates global grain crops leading to detectable concentrations of ZEN and its metabolites, including the synthetic version &lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;α&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;-zearalanol (also called zeranol; ZER), in human populations. Despite &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; animal evidence of endocrine disruption by ZEN, there has been limited investigation in humans.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;To examine markers of fetal growth following prenatal exposure to ZEN and evaluate the role of the placental efflux transporter BCRP/&lt;i&gt;ABCG2&lt;/i&gt; in protecting against ZEN's potential fetoplacental toxicity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Placentas were collected from participants (&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;n&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;271&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;) in the Understanding Pregnancy Signals and Development cohort (Rochester, New York, USA). Placental ZEN and its metabolites were analyzed from tissue samples using HPLC-MS. Birth weights and placental weights were obtained from medical records and direct measurement, respectively; fetoplacental weight ratio (FPR) was calculated by dividing birth weight by placental weight. Covariate-adjusted generalized linear regression models were used to examine ZEN, ZER, and total mycoestrogens (sum of ZEN, ZER, and their metabolites) in relation to birth length, birth weight, placental weight and FPR. We additionally stratified models by infant sex and &lt;i&gt;ABCG2&lt;/i&gt; C421A (Q141K) genotype.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Mycoestrogens were detected in 84% of placentas (median ZEN: &lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.010&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mtext&gt; ng&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;mo&gt;/&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;g&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;) and total mycoestrogens were associated with lower FPR [&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;-&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.20&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;; 95% confidence interval (CI): &lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;-&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.32&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;-&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.08&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;], particularly in female infants (&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;-&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.31&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;; 95% CI: &lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;-&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.52&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;-&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.09&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;). Associations with birth weight were inverse and overall nonsignificant. Among the 17% of participants with the reduced function 421A ABCG2 variant (AA or AC), total mycoestrogens were associated with lower birth weight (&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;-&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;113.5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mi&gt;g&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;; 95% CI: &lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;-&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;226.5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;-&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.50&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;), whereas in wild-type individuals, total mycoestrogens were associated with higher placental weight (9.9; 95% CI: 0.57, 19.2) and reduced FPR (&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;-&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.19&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;; 95% CI: &lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;-&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.33&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;-&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0.05&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Discussion: &lt;/strong&gt;Results from this epidemiological study of prenatal mycoestrogen exposure and perinatal health suggest that mycoestrogens may ","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":"57001"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052082/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Noise and Dynamic Brain Connectivity across Adolescence.","authors":"Mónica López-Vicente, Michelle Kusters, Anne-Claire Binter, Sami Petricola, Henning Tiemeier, Ryan Muetzel, Mònica Guxens","doi":"10.1289/EHP14525","DOIUrl":"10.1289/EHP14525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Traffic-related exposures, such as air pollution and noise, show long-term associations with brain alterations in children and adolescents. The associations with functional connectivity have been studied using static approaches of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) (i.e., average connectivity between regions across the scanning session).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Our aim was to investigate the long-term association of traffic air pollution and noise during pregnancy and childhood with functional connectivity across adolescence using a dynamic approach, which captures different connectivity patterns across the scanning session.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the Generation R population-based birth cohort. We estimated levels of 14 air pollutants and traffic noise at home addresses during pregnancy and childhood. We acquired rs-fMRI data at the age-10 y and age-14 y visits. We included participants with rs-fMRI data in at least one visit and either air pollution data (<math><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>3,588</mn></mrow></math>) or noise data (<math><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>2,642</mn></mrow></math>). We used k-means clustering to identify five connectivity patterns, called \"states,\" that reoccur over time and across subjects and visits. We calculated the mean time spent in each state for each participant and visit. We performed multi- and single-pollutant mixed effects models adjusted for socioeconomic and lifestyle variables, including the individual as random effect to test the associations between the exposures and the mean time spent in each state.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exposure to nitrogen oxides, particulate matter (PM), and road-traffic noise was related to differences in the time spent in the connectivity states, both in the multi- and single-pollutant models. For instance, higher levels of exposure to PM with aerodynamic diameter between <math><mrow><mn>2.5</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math> and <math><mrow><mn>10</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math> (<math><mrow><mrow><msub><mrow><mrow><mi>PM</mi></mrow></mrow><mrow><mtext>COARSE</mtext></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow></math>) during pregnancy and higher noise exposure during childhood were associated with more time spent in a state in which the default-mode network, related to self-referential processes and mind-wandering, shows high connectivity.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Traffic-related exposures might be related to long-term alterations in brain functional network organization in adolescents. Further research should explore the potential impact of these differences on cognition and psychopathology. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP14525.</p>","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":" ","pages":"57002"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring environmental and cardiometabolic impacts associated with adherence to the sustainable EAT-Lancet reference diet: findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey.","authors":"Man Wu,Yiqian Lv,Wenjing Liu,Ke Liu,Yin Wang,Zhixin Cui,Huicui Meng","doi":"10.1289/ehp15006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp15006","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDTo contribute to the growing evidence on the potential co-benefits of the EAT-Lancet reference diet for cardiometabolic health and sustainability, we investigated this topic in a nation-wide prospective cohort of Chinese adults. Adherence to this diet has been measured using several indices, including World Index for Sustainability and Health (WISH) and Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI).OBJECTIVESWe aimed to investigate the associations between adherence to the EAT-Lancet reference diet, as evaluated by WISH and PHDI, with risk of new-onset cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), risk of all-cause mortality and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.METHODSWe included adults (N=14,652 for CMDs and 15,318 for all-cause mortality) from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1997-2015) in the analysis. Dietary intake data were collected and WISH and PHDI scores were computed with established methods. CMDs included myocardial infarction (MI), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and stroke. We used Cox proportional hazard regression models, to analyze data with a mean of 10-years of follow-up from the date of baseline to the end of study or until the occurrence of the event of interest whichever came first. We adjusted for sociodemographic, anthropometric, lifestyle and dietary characteristics of participants as confounders.RESULTSGreater adherence to the EAT-Lancet reference diet, as reflected by higher WISH or PHDI scores, were inversely associated with risk of MI (Q4 vs Q1:HR=0.68 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.48-0.96) for WISH and 0.14 (95% CI: 0.07-0.29) for PHDI), T2DM (Q4 vs Q1:HR=0.81 (95% CI: 0.67-0.96) for WISH and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.57-0.82) for PHDI), all-cause mortality (Q4 vs Q1:HR=0.80 (95% CI: 0.68-0.95) for WISH and 0.60 (95% CI: 0.46-0.80) for PHDI) in fully adjusted models (all P-trend <0.05). Both WISH and PHDI were inversely associated with GHG emissions in fully adjusted models (all P-trend <0.05). WISH and PHDI were not significantly associated with risk of stroke.CONCLUSIONSOur findings supported the co-benefits of the EAT-Lancet reference diet for both cardiometabolic health and environmental sustainability. Long-term adherence to this reference diet as effectively indicated by either higher WISH or PHDI scores may reduce the risk and burden of CMDs and all-cause mortality in Chinese adults. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15006.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cumulative Human Health Risk Assessment of Regional Ozone and Volatile Organic Compounds from Unconventional Oil and Gas Sites in Colorado's Front Range.","authors":"Meagan L Weisner,Paige M Varner,I Ting Ku,Jeffrey L Collett,Brent Buck,Lisa M McKenzie","doi":"10.1289/ehp16272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp16272","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDMost unconventional oil and gas (UOG) extraction in Colorado occurs within the Denver Metro/North Front Range (DMNFR) ozone Non-attainment Area (NAA). Previous UOG human health risk assessments do not consider cumulative risk from both volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and criteria air pollutants (CAPs) like ozone.METHODSWe conducted a cumulative human health risk assessment (CHHRA) utilizing regulatory-grade 1- and 8-hour ozone measurements from a DMNFR United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) monitoring station and weekly and short-term (15 second - 1 minute) VOC air quality monitoring (AQM) data collected between 2018-2023 from ten near-pad air monitoring sites, three community sites, and one background site. Acute and chronic non-cancer hazard indices (HIs) for multiple health endpoints, as well as cancer risks, were calculated during well drilling, well completions, and production activity periods and compared between sites. VOC concentrations were compared between operations that used a petroleum-based drilling fluid versus a synthetic drill fluid. Differences in weekly chemical concentrations between sites, UOG phases, and drill muds were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post-hoc pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni adjustment.RESULTSAcute HIs of VOCs and ozone ranged from 1.34 x 10-4 to 31.33 at the 95th percentile concentrations at all sites. One of the three community monitoring sites, Anthem, exceeded EPA thresholds for respiratory, immunological, and developmental endpoints during production and for the immunological endpoint during well completions. At the near-pad sites, acute hazards exceeded EPA thresholds during well completions for immunological, respiratory, reproductive, developmental, and neurological endpoints. Neurological and immunological HIs were above thresholds for the drilling phase at near-pad sites. Chronic HIs ranged from 8.43 x 10-4 to 0.47 at 95th percentile concentrations and, therefore, were below the HI threshold for all near-pad and community sites for all health endpoints. Cancer risks ranging from 209 to 335 in a million at 95th percentile concentrations were above EPA's thresholds for all sites, including the background site which is more heavily influenced by Denver-metro traffic emissions.CONCLUSIONSOur results suggest that for communities located near UOG well pads in the DMNFR ozone NAA, acute health risks persist after the implementation of best management practices to reduce emissions. Greater protection to public health could be afforded by establishing policies that require drilling and well completions to be conducted outside of summer ozone season. Further research is needed to address potential health risks from the use of synthetic drilling fluid. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP16272.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pavements to Longevity: The Influence of Neighborhood Walkability on Mortality in Taiwan.","authors":"Yiqian Zeng,Gavin Rudge,Tsung Yu,Weiyi Chen,Ka Chun Chong,Yu Huang,G Neil Thomas,Xiang Qian Lao","doi":"10.1289/ehp15209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp15209","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDThere is limited information on the association between walkability and health in Asian countries.OBJECTIVEOur study aims to investigate the association between neighborhood walkability and mortality in Taiwanese adults.METHODSWe selected 457,874 participants (≥18 years old) from Taiwan who joined a standard medical examination program between 1998 and 2016, and followed them until 31 July 2021. Three walkability measures were estimated within a walking distance of 640m of participant's addresses: points of interest (POI), transit stations, and impedance (restrictions to walking due to absence of intersections and physical barriers). Walkability measures were applied as continuous and categorical (tertiles) variables in data analyses. Mortality data was obtained from the National Death Registry maintained by the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Taiwan. A time-varying Cox regression model was used to investigate the association of neighborhood walkability with deaths from natural causes and specific causes.RESULTSThis study identified 24,744 deaths over a median follow up of 16.9 years. Compared with participants living with the first tertile for numbers of POI and transit stations, those living with higher numbers of POI and transit stations were associated with a lower risk of natural-cause mortality, with hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence intervals (CIs)) of 0.97 (0.94, 1.00) and 0.93 (0.90, 0.96) for second and third tertiles of numbers of POI, and 0.99 (0.96, 1.02) and 0.94 (0.92, 0.98) for second and third tertiles of numbers of transit station, respectively. Each unit increase in POI and transit stations were associated with a 3% [HR (95% CI): 0.97 (0.96, 0.99)] and 2% [HR (95% CI): 0.98 (0.97, 0.99)] reduced risk of natural-cause mortality, respectively. In addition, compared with living in areas with the first tertile of impedance, living with the third tertile of impedance was associated a higher risk of natural-cause mortality, with HRs (95%CI) of 1.01 (1.00, 1.03). One unit increase in impedance was associated with a 1% [HR (95% CI): 1.01 (1.00, 1.03)] increased risk of natural-cause mortality. We also found significantly inverse associations between three walkability measures with deaths from cardiovascular diseases, and between POI and death from chronic respiratory diseases.CONCLUSIONOur findings indicate that a higher level of neighborhood walkability was associated with a lower risk of mortality. Our data suggests it is important to take into account neighborhood walkability in urban planning and health guideline development. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15209.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143893358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the wood-burning Justa cookstove on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c): a stepped-wedge randomized trial in rural Honduras.","authors":"Bonnie N Young,Jennifer L Peel,Sarah Rajkumar,Kayleigh P Keller,Megan L Benka-Coker,Nicholas Good,Ethan S Walker,Robert D Brook,Tracy L Nelson,John Volckens,Christian L'Orange,Casey Quinn,Sebastian Africano,Anibal B Osorto Pinel,Maggie L Clark","doi":"10.1289/ehp15095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp15095","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDType 2 diabetes is a rapidly growing global health challenge in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and evidence suggests that air pollution exposure contributes. Household air pollution from burning solid fuels for cooking is a major burden in LMICs but studies demonstrating associations between reductions in household air pollution and improvements in HbA1c, a biomarker of diabetes risk, are lacking. We previously reported substantial reductions in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and black carbon concentrations following an intervention in rural Honduras with the Justa cookstove, a wood-burning stove with an engineered combustion chamber and chimney.OBJECTIVEIn a stepped-wedge randomized controlled trial among 230 Honduran women using traditional wood-burning stoves at baseline, we evaluated the effect of the Justa intervention on HbA1c and characterized the longitudinal associations between air pollution exposures and HbA1c.METHODSAt each of 6 visits over 3 years, we measured 24-hour PM2.5 and black carbon concentrations, and finger-stick HbA1c levels. We used linear mixed models in intent-to-treat (condition by assigned stove type), exposure-response (using 24-hour measures and modeled estimates of long-term exposures), and \"per protocol\" self-reported stove use analyses.RESULTSHbA1c was reduced for the Justa condition compared to the traditional stove condition, but estimates were small and not statistically significant (-0.03 percentage points, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.13, 0.07, n=1,208 observations). A slightly stronger effect was observed when using self-reported stove use in per protocol analyses. Exposure-response analyses demonstrated positive associations between HbA1c and air pollution (e.g., HbA1c was 0.22 percentage points higher (95% CI: 0.13, 0.30) per log-unit higher long-term average personal PM2.5).DISCUSSIONOur study provides novel evidence of exposure-response associations between household air pollution and HbA1c within a randomized cookstove trial, contributing to the evidence base necessary to support clean cooking policy initiatives. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15095.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143893359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A State of the Science Review of Human Health Effects of the Michigan Polybrominated Biphenyl Contamination after Five Decades.","authors":"Susan S Hoffman,John A Kaufman,Robert B Hood,Tamar Wainstock,Kathleen Hartnett,Hillary Barton,Melanie A Pearson,Metrecia L Terrell,Michele Marcus","doi":"10.1289/ehp15012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp15012","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDThe Michigan Polybrominated Biphenyl (PBB) registry, followed since 1976, was created after a 1973 chemical manufacturing mistake. The flame retardant PBB was accidentally mixed into animal feed and distributed to Michigan farms for nearly a year, exposing farm residents and animal product consumers.OBJECTIVEWe synthesize knowledge to date on health effects of PBB exposure within the Michigan PBB Registry, and describe research findings in the context of literature on other persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs).METHODSWe reviewed literature published from 1973-2025 on human health effects of PBB following the Michigan contamination using PubMed and Thompson Reuters (ISI) Web of Science databases. We excluded studies not in English; on exposures besides PBB; animal studies; reviews, abstracts, or letters to the editor; studies without a health outcome; and studies outside of Michigan or unrelated to the 1973 contamination. For each article, two researchers performed title and abstract screening, full article review, and data extraction.RESULTSWe included 79 publications out of 601 identified and screened. Early studies did not find many health outcomes associated with PBB, possibly because of methodological limitations. More recent studies on long-term and multigenerational impacts found an increased breast cancer risk, accelerated pubertal development and earlier menarche for girls exposed in utero, urogenital problems and slower pubertal development in boys exposed in utero, lower estrone 3-glucuronide and follicle-stimulating hormone among women exposed in childhood, and increased miscarriage risk among daughters of exposed women. Epigenetic and metabolomic research reported altered pathways related to estrogenic effects and immune function, and epigenetic alterations of spermatogenic cells.DISCUSSIONThis unique community-academic partnership has produced insights into multigenerational consequences of EDC/POP exposures across the lifecourse. The findings from this cohort underscore the broader relevance of critical windows of vulnerability, particularly during fetal development and childhood.. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15012.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143889234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are NHANES data representative of the US population for chemicals with seasonal and regional use?","authors":"Josh Naiman,Daniel Q Naiman,Judy S LaKind,Dana Boyd Barr","doi":"10.1289/ehp17203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp17203","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Long-Term Air Pollution Exposure on Disease Outcomes and Hybrid Immune Responses in SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infections: A Study of the Yichang COVID-19 Antibody Longitudinal Survey (YC-CALS) in China.","authors":"Xiaolong Yan,Yin Du,Ke Li,Xin Zhao,Hao Wang,Li Liu,Qi Wang,Jianhua Liu,Sheng Wei","doi":"10.1289/ehp15660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp15660","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDAs immunity wanes and viral mutations continue, the risk of endemic SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections (BTIs) remains. Air pollution is considered a risk factor for respiratory infection, but evidence of its association with SARS-CoV-2 BTIs is limited.OBJECTIVESWe aimed to examine the effects of long-term exposure to air pollution on disease outcomes, immune responses, and antibody dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 BTIs.METHODSWe gathered data on self-reported SARS-CoV-2 infections through questionnaires and measured IgG antibody levels using serological assays from a total of 6,875 participants from the Yichang COVID-19 Antibody Longitudinal Survey cohort in China. Air pollutant exposure (PM2.5, PM10, PM1, SO2, NO2, O3, and CO) was quantified using validated models for the past five years (2018 to 2022). Logistic and linear regression models were applied to analyze the associations between air pollutant levels and SARS-CoV-2 BTIs, Long COVID, COVID-19 hospitalization, and antibody responses. Quantile g-computation was used to assess the combined effects of pollutant mixtures. A linear mixed model was used to evaluate the effect of air pollution on antibody dynamics.RESULTSPer interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM2.5, SO2, NO2, and CO, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for SARS-CoV-2 BTIs were 1.65(95% CI: 1.30, 2.08), 1.30 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.50), 1.63 (95% CI: 1.20, 2.20), and 1.24 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.45). The ORs for PM2.5 were 1.78 (95% CI: 1.07, 3.02) and 2.02 (95% CI: 1.18, 3.54) for Long COVID and hospitalization. Per IQR increase in PM1 and NO2, IgG antibody percentages decreased by -2.31% (95% CI: -4.49%, -0.13%) and -2.69% (95% CI: -5.35%, -0.03%). Effects were stronger in older adults, those with comorbidities, and the under-vaccinated. The combined effect on SARS-CoV-2 BTIs was mainly driven by PM2.5 (59.4%), while the impact on IgG response was largely attributed to NO2 (63.7%). Exposure to the highest levels of PM2.5 (p = 0.002), PM1 (p < 0.001), and NO2 (p = 0.002) was associated with a faster IgG decline than the lowest.DISCUSSIONLong-term exposure to air pollution increases the risk of SARS-CoV-2 BTIs and disease severity while weakening the immune response, particularly for vulnerable populations. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15660.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}