Equine Veterinary Education最新文献

{"title":"Endometrial lipogranulomas in a mare","authors":"M. S. Rubio,&nbsp;M. Hoogewijs,&nbsp;M. de Rijck,&nbsp;J. Funes,&nbsp;S. Wilsher","doi":"10.1111/eve.70061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.70061","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lipogranulomas are localised tissue reactions to exogenous or endogenous lipids. This case report describes and depicts, grossly and histologically, the unusual finding of lipogranulomas in the uterus of a mare. Hyperechogenic areas were noted in the uterine body during routine ultrasonography of the reproductive tract; investigative hysteroscopy showed yellow-white, nodule-like structures in the corresponding regions of the uterus. They were biopsied, and histopathology confirmed the presence of lipogranulomas. The mare subsequently conceived and delivered a healthy foal after a gestation length of 330 days. Hence, the lipogranulomas, chiefly in the uterine body, did not appear to be detrimental to the mare's ability to conceive and carry a foal to term. In the absence of any endogenous factor known to cause lipogranulomas in other species, namely, systemic disease, trauma or a high intake of dietary fats, the most likely cause was exogenous lipids introduced into the uterus following an intrauterine antibiotic treatment containing enrofloxacin and amoxycillin in an oil-based cream vehicle. It is hypothesised that damage to the endometrium caused by enrofloxacin allowed lipids in the vehicle to cause a reaction in the underlying tissue, resulting in the development of lipogranulomas.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"38 9","pages":"e591-e597"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical management of recurrent oesophageal obstruction in a yearling Saddlebred filly","authors":"K. M. Andrews,&nbsp;J. Melcher,&nbsp;J. F. Peroni,&nbsp;M. Perlini,&nbsp;E. M. Beasley","doi":"10.1111/eve.70066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This case report describes the diagnostic approach and surgical management of a yearling Saddlebred filly with recurrent oesophageal obstruction, likely caused by an acquired extraluminal oesophageal stricture. The filly initially presented with repeated episodes of oesophageal obstruction, which were resolved with sedation and nasogastric intubation. Diagnostic imaging revealed an oesophageal stricture, in addition to squamous gastric ulcer disease and subclinical pneumonia. Briefly, endoscopic balloon dilation was unsuccessful. Surgery was performed to excise extramural tissue constricting the oesophagus. Given the cervical location, external trauma resulting in perioesophageal fibrosis was suspected. Surgical intervention alleviated the stricture and oesophageal obstruction did not recur.</p>","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"38 9","pages":"e585-e590"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eve.70066","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endotracheal cyst treated via diode laser ablation in an 8-month-old Quarter Horse filly","authors":"K. S. Townsend,&nbsp;G. González,&nbsp;J. Zientek,&nbsp;K. Dunn","doi":"10.1111/eve.70103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.70103","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An 8-month-old American Quarter Horse filly was presented for evaluation of progressive abnormal respiratory noise and increased respiratory effort that failed to respond to empirical medical therapy. The filly was reported to display intermittent stridor, increased respiratory effort, decreased appetite and increased irritability. No other horses on the premises exhibited similar clinical signs. Upper airway endoscopy identified an endotracheal cyst located within the thoracic trachea at approximately 85 cm from the nares, resulting in an estimated 40%–50% obstruction of the tracheal lumen. The distal trachea, carina and guttural pouches were unremarkable, and mild pharyngeal hyperplasia was observed. Endoscopically guided laser fenestration of the cyst was performed, resulting in drainage of clear fluid. Intravenous anti-inflammatory medication was administered, and the filly was monitored for 24 h, during which abnormal respiratory noise resolved. Repeat endoscopy performed the following day and at 6 weeks post-surgery demonstrated a flat residual cyst remnant without swelling, discharge or evidence of recurrence.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"38 9","pages":"e566-e570"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pyometra management in three mares: The use of endotracheal tubes as cervical stents","authors":"L. Pasch","doi":"10.1111/eve.70090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.70090","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Equine pyometra is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening condition in mares. The novel use of endotracheal tubes (designed for intubation of small animal veterinary patients) to create cervical stents offers an inexpensive and accessible method of medical pyometra management. Cervical stent placement can be combined with more invasive surgical procedures as dictated by each individual mare's anatomy.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"38 9","pages":"e598-e602"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhinoscopy in horses: Endoscopic anatomy, technique and equipment","authors":"J. W. C. Lopes,&nbsp;R. P. Mendes,&nbsp;S. L. Paredes,&nbsp;K. A. G. Vallejo,&nbsp;P. S. Rocha,&nbsp;R. G. S. Dória,&nbsp;R. R. Corrêa","doi":"10.1111/eve.70133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.70133","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rhinoscopy is a valuable imaging modality for diagnosis of conditions affecting the nasal and paranasal cavities in horses. Despite wide application in clinical practice, systematic endoscopic evaluation of the conchal bullae, nasal conchae and adjacent structures has seldom been described. This study set out to provide a detailed description of the technical and anatomical aspects involved in flexible rhinoscopy in horses. The endoscopic anatomy of the nasal conchae and meatuses has been emphasised. Innovations in endoscopic technology have translated into safer, more accurate and less invasive examination of the nasal cavity in horses. Deep understanding of the anatomy and careful equipment selection are essential for appropriate endoscopic assessment of nasal and paranasal structures, with significant contributions to diagnostic accuracy and successful treatment of several upper respiratory tract diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"38 9","pages":"481-488"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eve.70133","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ACTH suppression and adverse effects of cabergoline in horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction","authors":"A. Bracken,&nbsp;H. Tyra,&nbsp;M. Vetter,&nbsp;K. Kiger,&nbsp;S. Rao,&nbsp;L. Bass","doi":"10.1111/eve.70091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.70091","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The diagnosis and management of pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) in horses includes evaluating abnormal plasma concentrations of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). Treatment commonly includes the oral dopamine agonist pergolide mesylate, which suppresses the pathologic overproduction of ACTH. Cabergoline is a commercially available long-acting injectable dopamine agonist that may provide an alternative means of treating horses with PPID by producing similar effects on plasma ACTH concentrations.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;To evaluate the effects of intramuscular cabergoline administration on plasma ACTH concentrations in horses with PPID.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Study design&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Randomised controlled trial.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Twelve adult horses with PPID were randomly divided into treatment and control groups. The treatment group was administered a 0.01 mg/kg bwt dose of intramuscular cabergoline twice, 2 weeks apart. Control horses received an intramuscular injection of sterile saline at the same time points. Horses were monitored for adverse effects. Blood samples were collected for endogenous ACTH concentration monitoring at serial time points and compared using a linear mixed regression model.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Horses in the treatment group had a reduction in plasma ACTH concentration from a mean of 153.35 pg/mL to 24.117 pg/mL following the initial administration of cabergoline. Their ACTH levels remained within the seasonally appropriate range until 12 days after the second cabergoline injection. Horses in the control group never achieved normal ACTH concentrations. The treated horses showed appetite suppression immediately following cabergoline administration, but no significant weight loss when compared to the control horses.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main limitations&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The study group was small, and data collection overlapped with the natural autumnal rise in ACTH, which complicated interpretation of the results.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Injectable cabergoline appeared effective in reducing plasma ACTH concentrations in the PPID horses to seasonally appropriate rang","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"38 9","pages":"e622-e630"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eve.70091","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing the potential side effects and safety of daily oral administration of Siberian ginseng","authors":"F. M. Andrews,&nbsp;A. M. Chapman,&nbsp;J. Cremer,&nbsp;M. L. Keowen,&nbsp;F. Garza Jr,&nbsp;C.-C. Liu,&nbsp;L. Gray","doi":"10.1111/eve.70137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.70137","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Supplements containing Siberian ginseng (SBG; <i>Eleutherococcus senticosus,</i> ‘eleuthero’) are administered to horses to maintain health and wellbeing. SBG has been reported to cause hypertension, anxiety and hypoglycaemia in other species, but there are no published reports documenting adverse events in horses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of the study was to determine if the administration of a supplement containing SBG results in hypertension, hyperactivity, anxiety and/or hypoglycaemia in horses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sixteen clinically healthy adult horses, housed in stalls and randomly assigned to treated (<i>N</i> = 8; pellets containing SBG, 1000 mg, fed daily for 29 days) or control (<i>N</i> = 8; pellets without SBG) groups. Blood work was evaluated on days 1 and 28 after daily feeding. Blood pressure and movement in the stall were measured before and for 3 h after feeding the pellets on days 1, 14 and 28. Horses were subjected to a novel object test (NOT) on day 0, before feeding the pellets and day 29, 2 h after administering the supplement. Anxiety scores to the NOT were assigned by a masked observer. Horses were monitored daily for adverse events.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The supplement was readily consumed by the horses and no adverse effects were seen over the treatment period. Mean systolic blood pressure was significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) decreased in the SBG-treated group by day 14 and 28 when compared to day 1 and on day 28 compared to controls. Anxiety scores, after the NOT, were not significantly different between groups. There were no treatment effects on heart rate, blood values, including glucose, indicators of anaemia and blood proteins, liver enzymes, kidney values, electrolytes, calcium or bodyweight.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The supplement containing Siberian ginseng (1000 mg, once daily) was readily consumed and the administration for 29 days did not cause health issues, or result in hypertension, increased anxiety or hypoglycaemia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"38 9","pages":"e631-e640"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroacupuncture and category IV LASER for treating suprascapular neuropathy in a two-year-old Arabian filly","authors":"O. E. Newman,&nbsp;B. Dunkel,&nbsp;M. Perrier","doi":"10.1111/eve.70106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.70106","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A 2-year-old Arabian filly presented with acute onset grade 4/5 (AAEP) right forelimb lameness and hindlimb ataxia following a collision with another horse and subsequent fall. The right forelimb lameness was associated with marked scapulohumeral joint instability. Diagnostic investigations, including radiographic evaluation of the shoulder, humerus and elbow, as well as ultrasonographic assessment of the shoulder and scapular region, demonstrated no abnormalities. Latero-lateral cervical radiographs demonstrated abnormalities consistent with cervical vertebral stenotic myelopathy, including vertebral malalignment at C2–C3 and C3–C4 and moderate enlargement of the C6–C7 articular process joints, resulting in superimposition over the intervertebral foramina. These cervical lesions accounted for the hindlimb ataxia, whereas the shoulder instability and right forelimb lameness were attributed to suprascapular neuropathy, supported by marked atrophy of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles following injury. Recovery from suprascapular neuropathy is often protracted; therefore, a series of 10 treatments of electroacupuncture and category IV LASER therapy were administered to the atrophied supraspinatus and infraspinous musculature. At 3.5 months after initial presentation, the filly showed complete resolution of shoulder instability, redevelopment of spinatus musculature and near-complete resolution of lameness, with only inconsistent, mild (grade 1/5 AAEP) right forelimb lameness detectable. By 5 months post-injury, no lameness or muscle atrophy was observed. Although hindlimb ataxia improved, it did not fully resolve, as was expected based on the suspected aetiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"38 9","pages":"e614-e621"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eve.70106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis and management of equine metabolic syndrome","authors":"F. R. Bertin","doi":"10.1111/eve.70094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.70094","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder that increases the risk of hyperinsulinaemia-associated laminitis (HAL), the most common and clinically significant form of laminitis. The central pathological feature of EMS is insulin dysregulation (ID), which encompasses basal or postprandial hyperinsulinaemia and tissue insulin resistance. Although obesity is a frequent finding, EMS can occur in lean animals, and not all obese horses are affected, necessitating objective diagnostic testing rather than reliance on body condition alone. Excessive dietary nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC), reduced hepatic insulin clearance, and impaired insulin signalling contribute to sustained hyperinsulinaemia which induces laminitis. Environmental and management factors, particularly high-NSC diets, unrestricted pasture access and physical inactivity, are the primary drivers of EMS development. Obesity exacerbates metabolic dysfunction through suspected adipose-derived inflammation. Age and genetic predisposition further influence risk, with ponies and certain breeds being disproportionately affected. Diagnosis focuses on identifying ID. Basal insulin measurement is specific but insensitive, while dynamic tests, particularly the oral sugar test, are more reliable for detecting exaggerated postprandial insulin responses and assessing laminitis risk. Tests of insulin resistance, such as the insulin tolerance test, provide complementary information. Management is centred on strict dietary NSC restriction, controlled forage intake and elimination or careful management of pasture access. Regular exercise improves insulin sensitivity but must be adapted to laminitic status. Appropriate hoof care is essential given the high prevalence of chronic and recurrent laminitis. Pharmacological therapy, including sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, may be indicated when nonpharmaceutical measures fail but should be considered adjunctive and individualised. Prognosis is favourable when EMS is recognised early and managed rigorously. Outcomes worsen with recurrent or chronic HAL, underscoring the importance of early detection, sustained management and close collaboration between veterinarians, farriers and owners.</p>","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"38 9","pages":"471-480"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eve.70094","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on surgical management of recurrent oesophageal obstruction in a yearling Saddlebred filly","authors":"D. E. Freeman","doi":"10.1111/eve.70096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.70096","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"38 9","pages":"458-461"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}