Equine Veterinary Education最新文献

{"title":"Pneumonia-related Rhodococcus equi-induced infection harbouring pVAPA virulent type in an adult mule: First report","authors":"T. S. Bello,&nbsp;V. M. M. França,&nbsp;R. M. Basso,&nbsp;A. S. Borges,&nbsp;R. M. Amorim,&nbsp;J. P. d. Oliveira-Filho,&nbsp;W. A. B. Pereira,&nbsp;F. V. R. Portilho,&nbsp;P. J. d. L. Paz,&nbsp;M. F. Arabe Filho,&nbsp;F. M. Cerri,&nbsp;J. T. B. de Lima,&nbsp;S. Takai,&nbsp;M. G. Ribeiro","doi":"10.1111/eve.70134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.70134","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Rhodococcus equi</i> is an environmental bacterium related to pyogranulomatous infections in humans and animals. Horses, particularly foals, are the main domestic species susceptible; however, infections in adult equids are rare and usually linked to immunosuppression or debilitating conditions. The pathogenicity of <i>R. equi</i> is associated with plasmid-encoded virulence-associated proteins. Three host-adapted virulence-plasmid types (pVAPs) have been described: pVAPA, pVAPB and pVAPN, whose origin is associated with horses, pigs and ruminants, respectively. All types may infect humans, highlighting the zoonotic potential of the pathogen. However, data on virulence plasmids in <i>R. equi</i> isolates from mules are lacking. We report pneumonia-related <i>R. equi</i> harbouring the pVAPA-type plasmid in an adult mule presenting hepatic abnormalities, which may have favoured the infection. To our knowledge, this is the first report of pneumonia caused by <i>R. equi</i> in an adult mule, whose virulence-plasmid pattern was identified as the pVAPA type. Moreover, the identification of <i>R. equi</i> harbouring pVAPA in a mule with pneumonia is relevant to human health because this virulent type has also been described in people with clinical rhodococcosis. Our report contributes to the understanding of the clinical and epidemiological aspects and virulence-plasmid patterns of <i>R. equi</i> infections in mules.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"38 9","pages":"e577-e584"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Words matter: The prevalence and impact of negative emotive language in the equine industry","authors":"S. A. Catherall-Ostler,&nbsp;A. M. Catherall-Ostler,&nbsp;G. Pearson,&nbsp;A. R. Hollis","doi":"10.1111/eve.70097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.70097","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Evidence from both human and veterinary medicine suggests a link between how patients are described and how they are treated, but the prevalence and consequences of negative emotive language (NEL) in the equine industry have received no systematic attention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To provide quantitative data on the prevalence of NEL within the equine industry and to determine whether the language used to describe equine behaviour affects human decision-making.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Study Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An online survey asking participants to self-report NEL they have used and heard others use. Paired vignettes which, unbeknownst to participants, described a horse's undesired behaviour either with neutral language or NEL. Participants were then asked to propose a course of action.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All 355 participants had heard NEL being used to describe equine behaviour, and the vast majority (97%) admitted to using such language themselves. The use of NEL in vignettes led to a significant increase in participants suggesting sedation and, in some scenarios, positive punishment. Those who self-reported using NEL more frequently were more likely to suggest using positive punishment to deal with undesirable behaviour and less likely to suggest giving the horse time, to consider the horse's emotional state and/or physical discomfort or to attempt desensitisation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The language used to describe unwanted behaviours in horses affects the approaches that handlers propose. Use of NEL may therefore have a negative impact on the welfare of the horse and be detrimental to the horse-human relationship.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"38 9","pages":"e641-e649"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eve.70097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hamman's crunch—A pathognomonic sign of pneumomediastinum","authors":"S. McCullagh,&nbsp;C. R. Daniel,&nbsp;J. A. Keen,&nbsp;N. J. Parkinson,&nbsp;B. C. McGorum","doi":"10.1111/eve.70126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.70126","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pneumomediastinum, particularly spontaneous pneumomediastinum, is uncommon and presents a diagnostic challenge. In human medicine, auscultation of Hamman's crunch, a crepitant, crunching noise, audible over the cardiac region in synchrony with the heartbeat, is considered pathognomonic for pneumomediastinum. This case report is the first to highlight the diagnostic utility of Hamman's crunch for the diagnosis of pneumomediastinum in a horse. The horse's clinical presentation differed from that of reported equine spontaneous pneumomediastinum cases, with pleurodynia (thoracic pain) and odynophagia (pain when swallowing) being prominent features. The investigation to confirm pneumomediastinum, identify potential underlying causes and rule out potentially fatal complications is described. The favourable outcome of this case is consistent with previous reports that spontaneous pneumomediastinum in the horse has a good prognosis, despite having dramatic presenting symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"38 9","pages":"e571-e576"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eve.70126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small intestinal obstruction due to epiploic foramen entrapment in a miniature horse with concurrent enterolithiasis","authors":"C. De la Torre,&nbsp;A. Klohnen","doi":"10.1111/eve.70107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.70107","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 14-year-old female miniature horse presented with mild colic signs. The owner reported a history of colic attributed to presumed gastric ulceration, treated with flunixin meglumine and omeprazole. On admission, physical examination demonstrated a normal temperature, pulse and respiration (TPR), with reduced intestinal motility. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed distended small intestinal loops with a wall thickness of 14 mm, particularly in the right abdomen. Radiographs confirmed multiple enteroliths and the presence of sand. Routine bloodwork indicated dehydration, with a packed cell volume (PCV) of 54%, and mild hyperlactataemia (3.79 mmol/L). Based on the combined imaging findings, an exploratory celiotomy was performed, revealing a strangulating obstruction of the distal jejunum and ileum due to epiploic foramen entrapment (EFE), along with multiple large colon enteroliths. Approximately 2 feet of nonviable distal jejunum and ileum were resected, and a jejunocecostomy was created. Two large colon enterotomies were performed to remove enteroliths and sand. Postoperatively, the miniature horse received intravenous (IV) fluids with lidocaine and dextrose, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), antibiotics and omeprazole. By day 7, the miniature horse resumed a normal diet and was discharged on day 10. At an 18-month follow-up, the miniature horse remained healthy and fully active. This case represents the first reported instance of EFE in a miniature horse.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"38 9","pages":"e609-e613"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stapled side-to-side anastomosis to treat a pelvic flexure stricture in a miniature horse","authors":"M. Baglioni,&nbsp;N. Berka,&nbsp;P. Matrat,&nbsp;L. Legrand,&nbsp;L. Borde-Dore,&nbsp;C. de Chaisemartin","doi":"10.1111/eve.70073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.70073","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fecaliths are a recognised cause of non-strangulating colon obstruction in horses. Although they more commonly obstruct the small colon, they can also lodge in the pelvic flexure, requiring enterotomy for removal. Stricture at the enterotomy site is an uncommon but surgically significant complication. This case report describes the use of a stapled side-to-side colonic anastomosis for the treatment of a pelvic flexure stricture in a miniature horse. A 9-month-old miniature filly was referred for severe colic. Exploratory celiotomy revealed a fecalith impaction adjacent to the pelvic flexure, which was surgically managed by enterotomy. Colic recurred shortly after refeeding due to luminal narrowing at the previous enterotomy site. A second laparotomy was performed, during which a stapled side-to-side anastomosis between the ventral and dorsal colon was created at the level of the pelvic flexure. The procedure successfully relieved the obstruction and restored intestinal patency while avoiding colonic resection. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and the filly was discharged 9 days after surgery. At 6 months postoperatively, telephone follow-up indicated no recurrence of colic. Although limited to a single case, this report suggests that stapled side-to-side colonic anastomosis may represent a useful surgical option for managing pelvic flexure strictures in horses, offering an alternative to colonic resection and potentially reducing operative time and contamination risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"38 9","pages":"e603-e608"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eve.70073","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serological responses of Sport horses pre- and post-third vaccination with Strangvac","authors":"U. Hedenström,&nbsp;F. Righetti,&nbsp;I. Zahl,&nbsp;B. Henriques-Normark,&nbsp;A. Gustafsson,&nbsp;E. Hartman,&nbsp;R. Paillot,&nbsp;A. Ruiz,&nbsp;A. S. Waller","doi":"10.1111/eve.70081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.70081","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Strangles, caused by <i>Streptococcus equi</i>, is an endemic disease of horses throughout the world. A vaccine against strangles, Strangvac, is available in Europe, but there are no published serological data following the revaccination of Sport horses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To measure the antibody response of Sport horses to the components of Strangvac before and after third vaccination.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Study Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Longitudinal cohort study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adult Sport horses were administered their third vaccination with Strangvac at 5 months (group 1, <i>n</i> = 20) or 12 months (group 2, <i>n</i> = 15) after second vaccination. Horses were monitored closely for adverse signs. Blood samples were collected from both groups immediately before and 14 days after third vaccination to quantify antibody responses by ELISA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Transient signs of mild injection site swelling in 8.5% horses for 2 days, and a temperature rise of ~0.8°C in most horses for 1 day, occurred post-vaccination. Health status returned to normal within 48 h. The antibody titres to the vaccine components were 3.34 ± 0.31 and 3.14 ± 0.29 before third vaccination and increased significantly to 3.90 ± 0.29 and 3.90 ± 0.17 after third vaccination in groups 1 and 2, respectively (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001 for both groups).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Limitations</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data and samples from a matched unvaccinated control group, or prior to, and 14 days after first and second vaccination were unavailable.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Strangvac was safe and antibody responses that were generated to the vaccine components after revaccination of Sport horses at 5 or 12 months post-second vaccination were equivalent.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"38 8","pages":"e544-e549"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eve.70081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148357917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thoracic vertebrae fracture identified by scintigraphy and radiography in a horse","authors":"M. Mageed,&nbsp;P. Zielińska,&nbsp;M. Przewoźny","doi":"10.1111/eve.70124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.70124","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 22-year-old Warmblood mare used for light pleasure riding presented with progressive thoracic back stiffness and mild left forelimb lameness. Clinical examination revealed epaxial muscle atrophy and reduced thoracic range of motion. Bone scintigraphy demonstrated a focal increase in radiopharmaceutical uptake at the T12–T13 level, raising suspicion of vertebral pathology. Subsequent radiography revealed findings highly suggestive of a mildly displaced compression fracture of the T13 vertebral body with associated endplate sclerosis. Conservative management resulted in marked clinical improvement. This image case highlights the diagnostic value of nuclear scintigraphy combined with radiography for identifying presumed thoracic vertebral fractures and supports conservative management in the absence of neurological deficits.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"38 8","pages":"428-431"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148358079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sheared heels as a predisposing factor for quarter crack formation in the equine hoof","authors":"S. E. O'Grady,&nbsp;T. D. Burns","doi":"10.1111/eve.70105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.70105","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Full thickness hoof wall defects such as a quarter crack, result in loss of the structural integrity of the hoof wall, are common in equine practice and often manifest in lameness. Many causes of quarter cracks have been described, such as trauma to the coronet, pre-existing damage to the dermis from infection, abnormal hoof conformation, insufficient length of shoes, inappropriate farrier practices or an abnormal landing pattern when the foot strikes the ground. The most consistent finding in all quarter-crack cases is a hoof capsule distortion termed a ‘sheared heel’. Successful management of these hoof wall defects involves identifying and addressing the underlying cause(s), stabilisation of the digit and committed follow-up. Treatment is most successful when the cause is investigated and identified, the appropriate farriery is initiated as early as possible, and when the biomechanical properties of the foot are thoroughly understood. Inadequate attention to these factors may account for the many treatment failures encountered in equine veterinary practice and the recurring nature of a quarter crack.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"38 8","pages":"432-441"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148358143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Air embolism secondary to suspected lymphatic tissue disruption with severe exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage","authors":"J. Wittenberg,&nbsp;K. Drozdzewska,&nbsp;K. Landmann,&nbsp;A. Voß,&nbsp;K. Kunze,&nbsp;D. Rutenberg,&nbsp;A. D. Gruber,&nbsp;H. Gehlen","doi":"10.1111/eve.70085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.70085","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Air embolism is rare in horses and typically associated with complications following intravenous catheterisation or other medical procedures. Exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH) is common in racehorses but not usually associated with air embolism. This report describes a case of air embolism in a 4-year-old Thoroughbred with EIPH. The mare used for racing presented with recurrent mild epistaxis and severe neurological signs. Clinical examination revealed tachypnoea and tachycardia as well as a continuous systolic–diastolic heart murmur which varied in loudness (grade 4–6/6), with a right-sided punctum maximum in the fourth intercostal space. Ultrasonography identified air bubbles in all four heart chambers. Laboratory findings included elevated muscle enzyme activities, a mildly increased serum amyloid A concentration, and decreased arterial oxygen partial pressure. Despite treatment with antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, and oxygen therapy, the mare's condition deteriorated, necessitating euthanasia. Post-mortem examination revealed acute pulmonary emphysema, intra-alveolar overload with haemosiderophages, cerebral haemorrhages and gas bubbles in tracheobronchial lymph nodes. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of the lung tissue detected equine herpesvirus-5. Findings suggested pulmonary-lymphatic air entry, potentially due to pulmonary parenchymal rupture from increased intravascular pressure associated with EIPH. This report describes rare air embolism unrelated to common iatrogenic causes, emphasising the need for further investigation into pulmonary-lymphatic air entry in racehorses.</p>","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"38 8","pages":"e501-e508"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eve.70085","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148358218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sidewinder syndrome associated with complete rupture of the ligamentum capitis ossis femoris in a horse","authors":"T. N. Burdette,&nbsp;C. L. Hsiou,&nbsp;S. P. McDonough,&nbsp;S. Pell,&nbsp;J. Ayers,&nbsp;T. J. Divers,&nbsp;B. Delvescovo","doi":"10.1111/eve.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 10-year-old mixed-breed gelding was admitted to a referral hospital following the acute onset of an asymmetrical hind end gait. The abnormal gait was characterised by marked leaning of the hindquarters to the left while standing and ambulating. While stalled, the horse was also observed to intermittently lean to the left and rest the left pelvic area against the wall for support. Medical management with anti-inflammatories and antiprotozoal medications had not improved the condition. The neurologic examination upon presentation did not find ataxia but the horse had a pronounced and consistent hind end tracking gait to the left. No definitive cause for the gait abnormality was identified from the clinical exam. Although advanced imaging of the upper portion of the pelvic limbs, the pelvis and caudal spine in addition to a spinal tap were offered, euthanasia was elected by the owner because of lack of response to the recent medical treatments and a guarded prognosis for return to the intended performance level. Post-mortem examination revealed coxofemoral osteoarthritis with a complete rupture of the right <i>ligamentum capitis ossis femoris</i> (LCOF) as the cause of the sidewinder gait. Complete rupture of the LCOF contralateral to the leaning side, should be considered amongst the differential diagnoses for the acute onset of sidewinder gait in horses.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"38 8","pages":"e496-e500"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148358043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}