Equine tongue tumours: A multicentre retrospective study

IF 0.8 4区农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Equine Veterinary Education Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI:10.1111/eve.14114

C. Noll, C. Reyner, J. E. Dechant, C. Omura, P. Dixon, M. Nowak, S. Schulte-Bahrenberg, J. Fowlie, H. M. Lang, T. S. Mair, T. Prange

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Tumours of the oral cavity in horses are rare, and because they are not easily visible, their diagnosis is often delayed. Different types of equine tongue tumours have been described, but information about clinical signs, treatments and outcomes is very limited.

Objectives

To identify horses with a confirmed antemortem diagnosis of a tongue tumour and to document their clinical presentation, treatment and outcome.

Study design

Retrospective multicentre study.

Methods

Medical records (1997–2024) from eight specialty or referral practices were reviewed. Horses met inclusion criteria if an antemortem diagnosis of a tongue tumour was made and confirmed by cytology or histopathology.

Results

Thirteen horses met the inclusion criteria. Presenting complaints included one or more of the following: tongue mass (4) or wound (2), difficulty eating (6), external facial swelling (2) and abnormal respiratory noise (2). Tumours were identified as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (5), melanoma (2), mast cell tumour (2), anaplastic carcinoma (1), poorly differentiated carcinoma (1), B-cell lymphoma (1) and neuroendocrine tumour (1). Seven of 13 horses (54%) underwent surgical treatment. Five of the seven (71%) had no recurrence for ≥1 year, and two were euthanised earlier for reasons other than tumour regrowth. One mast cell tumour responded to conservative treatment. All horses with SCC were euthanised following palliative or no treatment.

Main limitations

The main limitations are the small sample size, a result of the rarity of the condition and the diversity of performed diagnostics and treatments, a consequence of the multicentre study design.

Conclusion

Horses with tongue tumours frequently present for evaluation of a tongue laceration or mass and biopsy or cytology is required for definitive diagnosis. While the prognosis for lingual SCC was uniformly grave, surgical excision for other types of tongue tumours carried a good long-term prognosis in this study.

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马舌肿瘤：一项多中心回顾性研究

马的口腔肿瘤是罕见的，因为它们不容易被发现，它们的诊断经常被延迟。不同类型的马舌肿瘤已被描述，但有关临床症状，治疗和结果的信息非常有限。目的鉴定死前确诊为舌瘤的马，并记录其临床表现、治疗和结果。研究设计回顾性多中心研究。方法回顾我院1997-2024年8个专科或转诊诊所的医疗记录。如果死前诊断为舌瘤并经细胞学或组织病理学证实，则马符合纳入标准。结果13匹马符合纳入标准。主诉包括以下一项或多项：舌块(4)或伤口(2)，进食困难(6)，面部外肿(2)和异常呼吸噪音(2)。肿瘤鉴定为鳞状细胞癌（SCC）（5例）、黑色素瘤（2例）、肥大细胞瘤（2例）、间变性癌（1例）、低分化癌（1例）、b细胞淋巴瘤（1例）和神经内分泌肿瘤（1例）。13匹马中有7匹（54%）接受了手术治疗。7名患者中有5名（71%）在≥1年内没有复发，2名患者因肿瘤再生以外的原因被提前安乐死。一个肥大细胞瘤对保守治疗有反应。所有患有SCC的马在姑息治疗或不治疗后都被安乐死。主要局限性主要是样本量小，这是由于该疾病的罕见性和诊断和治疗的多样性，以及多中心研究设计的结果。结论马舌肿瘤经常出现评估舌裂伤或肿块和活检或细胞学需要明确的诊断。在本研究中，虽然舌细胞癌的预后都很严重，但手术切除其他类型的舌肿瘤具有良好的长期预后。

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来源期刊

Equine Veterinary Education 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

2.40

自引率

22.20%

发文量

132

审稿时长

18-36 weeks

期刊介绍： Equine Veterinary Education (EVE) is the official journal of post-graduate education of both the British Equine Veterinary Association (BEVA) and the American Association of Equine Practitioners (AAEP). Equine Veterinary Education is a monthly, peer-reviewed, subscription-based journal, integrating clinical research papers, review articles and case reports from international sources, covering all aspects of medicine and surgery relating to equids. These papers facilitate the dissemination and implementation of new ideas and techniques relating to clinical veterinary practice, with the ultimate aim of promoting best practice. New developments are placed in perspective, encompassing new concepts and peer commentary. The target audience is veterinarians primarily engaged in the practise of equine medicine and surgery. The educational value of a submitted article is one of the most important criteria that are assessed when deciding whether to accept it for publication. Articles do not necessarily need to contain original or novel information but we welcome submission of this material. The educational value of an article may relate to articles published with it (e.g. a Case Report may not have direct educational value but an associated Clinical Commentary or Review Article published alongside it will enhance the educational value).