Equine Veterinary Education最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostic challenges of sialolithiasis and sialadenitis—A drooling dilemma?","authors":"I. Kilcoyne, M. B. Whitcomb","doi":"10.1111/eve.14152","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eve.14152","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"37 7","pages":"346-348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144206410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occipitoatlantoaxial malformations in equids","authors":"C. J. Finno","doi":"10.1111/eve.14160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.14160","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The case report by Mikic et al. (<span>2025</span>) described in this issue of <i>Equine Veterinary Education</i> details the clinical findings and imaging results of a 3-year-old Poitou donkey with occipitoatlantoaxial malformation (OAAM). The donkey was presented with limited neck mobility and a mild to moderate degree of proprioceptive ataxia. Advanced imaging, using computed tomography (CT), identified an asymmetric malformation of the occiput and C1 with extradural cervical static stenosis. There is a genetic test for OAAM currently available in Arabian horses (Bordbari et al., <span>2017</span>); however, this donkey was not genotyped for the OAAM1 mutation.</p><p>While the term OAAM has been used to describe various malformations of the occiput, C1 and C2, the term was originally coined to specifically define symmetric familial occipitalisation of the atlas with atlantisation of the axis in Arabian horses (Mayhew et al., <span>1978</span>). These malformations were characterised by an anterior developmental ‘shift’, whereby C1 resembled the occiput and C2 resembled C1. Clinically, these foals would either be dead at birth, demonstrate tetraparesis at birth, or develop a progressive ataxia as foals, with upper motor neuron signs and general proprioceptive deficits referable to a cervical lesion. Foals would often demonstrate an extended neck posture and an audible ‘click’ when the neck moved. At necropsy, these foals had symmetric malformations of the occiput, C1 and C2, with symmetrical compression of the cervical spinal cord. Pedigree analysis revealed common ancestry among these Arabian foals (Mayhew et al., <span>1978</span>; Watson & Mayhew, <span>1986</span>).</p><p>In 2017, we identified a genetic deletion in a highly conserved region of the genome in an Arabian foal affected with this ‘classic’ type of Arabian OAAM (Bordbari et al., <span>2017</span>). The 2.7 kb deletion is located between two homeobox genes, <i>HOXD4</i> and <i>HOXD3</i>. Homeobox genes direct the formation of body structures during early embryonic development. <i>HOXD3</i> encodes for the formation of the occiput, atlas and axis, and <i>HOXD4</i> encodes for the formation of the cervical vertebrae 1–3 and parts of the sternum. Mice that have had <i>Hoxd3</i> deleted (<i>Hoxd3</i><sup>−/−</sup>) display a very similar phenotype to familial Arabian horse OAAM (Condie & Capecchi, <span>1993</span>). Therefore, the deletion that was identified with familial Arabian OAAM (OAAM1) likely removes a conserved regulatory element that controls <i>HOXD3</i> and perhaps even <i>HOXD4</i>. While this OAAM1 mutation defined the clinical disease in one case and additional carriers have been identified, it does not explain all cases of familial Arabian OAAM. It is likely that additional genetic mutations, particularly in the <i>HOXD3/4</i> region of the genome, may be present in other cases of familial OAAM in Arabian horses.</p><p>In addition to the familial symmetric","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"37 11","pages":"569-570"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eve.14160","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paraneoplastic itch","authors":"P. J. Johnson","doi":"10.1111/eve.14157","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eve.14157","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This commentary presents information about paraneoplastic phenomena, with emphasis on paraneoplastic pruritus and its pathophysiology in the equine species. Pruritus that results from the development of underlying malignancy is often overlooked during the diagnostic and therapeutic management of affected equids. Unexplained pruritus should warrant consideration of a cancer diagnosis and, when appropriate, lead to expanded diagnostic testing in candidate patients. Earlier recognition of underlying cancer may lead to improved treatment outcomes or, in some cases, better welfare outcomes (euthanasia). The emerging role of interleukin-31 as a principal mediator of itchiness (regardless of underlying aetiology) is leading to new research, with an eye to the availability of novel treatment approaches.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"37 9","pages":"462-465"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144782816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Drs. Wilmink, Fjordbakk, Gorvy and Schumacher's letter regarding ‘Review of skin grafting in equine wounds: Indications and techniques’","authors":"L. Pezzanite,&nbsp;D. Hendrickson","doi":"10.1111/eve.14128","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eve.14128","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"37 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144206882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issues with the review article ‘Review of skin grafting in equine wounds: Indications and techniques’","authors":"J. Wilmink,&nbsp;C. Fjordbakk,&nbsp;D. Gorvy,&nbsp;J. Schumacher","doi":"10.1111/eve.14147","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eve.14147","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"37 7","pages":"389-390"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144206456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highlights of recent clinically relevant papers","authors":"S. Wright","doi":"10.1111/eve.14126","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eve.14126","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"37 5","pages":"226-227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of bilateral idiopathic laryngeal hemiplegia","authors":"A. Campos Schweitzer,&nbsp;F. Rossignol","doi":"10.1111/eve.14146","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eve.14146","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"37 6","pages":"289-292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic pathology of equine intracranial neoplasms","authors":"H. G. Miller,&nbsp;A. Suarez-Bonnet","doi":"10.1111/eve.14145","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eve.14145","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Neoplasia is rare in horses and central nervous system (CNS) neoplasia is so rare that, pituitary adenomas excluded, no specific intracranial neoplasms are mentioned in Cotchin's preliminary work describing the epidemiology of equine neoplasia (Cotchin, <span>1977</span>). Moreover, an early survey identified 28 nervous tissue tumours in horses but none were reported in the central nervous system (Hayes Jr. et al., <span>1975</span>). However, as de Sousa et al. (<span>2025</span>) highlight in the accompanying case report, equine intracranial neoplasia can cause significant clinical disease and histopathology is essential to making a complete diagnosis, albeit inevitably through post-mortem examination. Herein follows a brief discussion of a variety of intracranial tumours reported in horses and their histopathological diagnostic features with a summary of their immunohistochemical (IHC) characteristics in Table 1. Non-neoplastic causes of intracranial space-occupying lesions, for example, cholesterol granulomas, must always remain on the list of differential diagnoses but lie outside the remit of this commentary. Any readers seeking further details and descriptions of the characteristics of these lesions are encouraged to pursue some of the references at the end of this commentary, or indeed the associated case report.</p><p>There are a variety of reported intracranial neoplasms despite them remaining a rare diagnosis that relies on post-mortem examination. While the majority of types of tumours only exert clinical effects through a local mass effect, acting as benign space-occupying lesions, some neoplasms are malignant and the most common presentation of intracranial neoplasia remains PPID. The authors hope readers can better appreciate the heterogeneity of intracranial neoplasia and take home a greater understanding of how histological patterns allow pathologists to distinguish between grossly very similar masses.</p><p><b>H. G. Miller:</b> Conceptualization; writing – original draft; writing – review and editing. <b>A. Suarez-Bonnet:</b> Conceptualization; writing – original draft; writing – review and editing.</p><p>There are no funders to report for this submission.</p><p>No conflicts of interest have been declared.</p><p>Not required for this clinical commentary.</p>","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"37 9","pages":"456-460"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eve.14145","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144782951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracheal collapse in equines: Diagnosis, management and surgical challenges","authors":"M. Mellish","doi":"10.1111/eve.14142","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eve.14142","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article briefly reviews tracheal collapse as it is seen in horses, ponies, miniature horses and donkeys. Diagnosis is straightforward, with medical management of lower respiratory tract diseases, when possible, an important component of therapy. Surgical correction of the condition is possible, with long-term outcomes having variable results. Tracheal collapse due to trauma from external forces in donkeys is described.</p>","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"37 9","pages":"467-470"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eve.14142","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144782240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standing cone-beam computed tomographic digital flexor tendon sheath contrast tenography in 18 horses","authors":"O. Fletcher,&nbsp;R. Agass,&nbsp;J. Dixon","doi":"10.1111/eve.14141","DOIUrl":"10.1111/eve.14141","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Limited data exist on the benefits of using standing cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) contrast tenography before tenoscopy of the digital flexor tendon sheath (DFTS).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;To document DFTS pathologies in a sample population and compare CBCT contrast tenography and radiographic tenography with tenoscopic or post-mortem findings.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Study design&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This prospective study compared CBCT contrast tenographic findings with final tenoscopic diagnoses. Radiographic tenogram studies were retrospectively reviewed to assess agreement with CBCT and tenoscopic findings.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Between May 2022 and September 2023, 18 horses with DFTS-related lameness underwent radiographic contrast tenography, followed by standing CBCT and subsequently underwent tenoscopic or post-mortem examination. A retrospective, blinded assessment of radiographic tenograms was performed. No additional invasive procedures or adverse events occurred.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Pathologies included deep digital flexor (DDF) tendinopathy (4 cases), manica flexoria (MF) tears (3), palmar/plantar annular ligament (PAL) constriction (6), superficial digital flexor (SDF) tendinopathy (4) and straight sesamoidean ligament (SSL) enthesopathy (1). CBCT detected all DDF tendinopathies and correctly identified two of three MF tears. CBCT accurately identified two of four SDF lesions and six of seven cases afflicted only by PAL constriction. SSL enthesopathy was detected on CBCT and post-mortem. No pathology was detected radiographically but was not detected by CBCT. Misclassified cases on CBCT were similarly misclassified radiographically. CBCT detected a DDF tendinopathy, SDF tendinopathy and SSL enthesopathy that were not acknowledged on radiographic tenography. Inversely, a radiographically suspected MF tear was not considered present on CBCT, and the MF was confirmed to be normal at tenoscopy.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main limitations&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Small sample size, subjective interpretation of CBCT and tenoscopic findings, and lack of ultrasound comparison.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Standing CBCT contrast tenography shows promise in identifying DFTS pathologies, especially in cob-type horses, potentially improving surgical planning and reducing","PeriodicalId":11786,"journal":{"name":"Equine Veterinary Education","volume":"37 10","pages":"539-546"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://beva.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eve.14141","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144935460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}