Engineering Structures最新文献_第9页

Impact response of steel-BFRP hybrid-reinforced beams designed with different reinforcement equivalence principles

IF 5.6 1区工程技术

Engineering Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120181

Renbo ZHANG, Xinchen LI, Liu JIN, Xiuli DU

{"title":"Impact response of steel-BFRP hybrid-reinforced beams designed with different reinforcement equivalence principles","authors":"Renbo ZHANG, Xinchen LI, Liu JIN, Xiuli DU","doi":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To solve the corrosion problems of steel bars in reinforced concrete (RC) structures and brittle damage in pure fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforced concrete structures, hybrid-reinforced concrete (hybrid-RC) structures combining FRP and steel bars have been proposed. The studies on hybrid-RC structures have focused on static loading conditions, while the structures may also be subjected to impact loading, leading to significant damage. Due to the difference in the properties of FRP and steel bars, FRP bars are always equivalent to steel bars based on different principles in calculation and design, e.g., equal-area, equal-strength, and equal-stiffness. In this work, to investigate the impact behavior of hybrid-RC beams and the influence of design principles, 17 specimens were designed and modeled using Basalt FRP (BFRP) bars replacing steel bars. The results show that the equal-strength-reinforced beams have the smallest damage extent, and the largest impact and reaction forces. While the equal-stiffness-reinforced beams have the greatest damage extent, the beams exhibited a better deformation and deformation recovery capacity. The impact resistance of equal-area-reinforced beams is between the remaining two. Besides, to fully utilize the material performance, for structures with high deformation and damage control requirements, it is recommended to use equal-strength-reinforced beams; for structures that need to reduce residual deflections, impact forces and reaction forces, equal-stiffness-reinforced beams are suggested; and if the economy of the materials is considered, equal-area-reinforced beams may be the preferred choice. The current study could be a reference for impact-resistant design for hybrid-RC structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11763,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Structures","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 120181"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic analysis of long-span bridges with vibration control systems: A novel reduced-order model and comparative study

IF 5.6 1区工程技术

Engineering Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120066

Zhanhang Liu , Limin Sun , Lin Chen , Ashraf El Damatty

{"title":"Dynamic analysis of long-span bridges with vibration control systems: A novel reduced-order model and comparative study","authors":"Zhanhang Liu , Limin Sun , Lin Chen , Ashraf El Damatty","doi":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Long-span bridges, especially suspension bridges, are highly vulnerable to wind-induced vibrations, such as vortex-induced vibrations (VIVs), which necessitate the use of mechanical dampers for control. While a full finite element model (FEM) of the bridge with vibration control systems ensures accuracy of dynamic analysis, it is often computationally expensive due to the large number of degrees of freedom (DOFs). This study presents a reduced-order model that strikes a balance between computational accuracy and efficiency of dynamic analysis, making it ideal for the parametric design of damping devices. The model is based on the modal truncation method, retaining only a limited number of lower-order modes of the undamped bridge to capture the dominant vibration responses induced by wind loads. To compensate for the impact of point-wise control forces and minimize errors from modal truncation, quasi-static correction modes are introduced based on the static deformations of the bridge under unit forces applied at each damper location. The proposed model is applied to the modal analysis of a long-span suspension bridge equipped with damped outriggers and tuned mass dampers (TMDs) to suppress VIVs. The model is compared to both the full FEM and the conventional modal truncation method. Results show that the quasi-static correction significantly improves the accuracy of damping computations, reducing errors by up to 71.2% compared to the uncorrected modal truncation method. Most notably, the computational efficiency improves dramatically compared to the full FEM, with the number of DOFs reduced by approximately two orders of magnitude. Furthermore, a combination of damped outriggers and TMDs tuned to a single mode is sufficient to supply damping for all the bridge vibration modes subjected to VIVs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11763,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Structures","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 120066"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seismic performance of 3D printed reinforced concrete walls: Experimental study and numerical simulation

IF 5.6 1区工程技术

Engineering Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120176

Chao Liu , Zhan Liang , Huawei Liu , Yiwen Wu , Yukun Zhang , Guoliang Bai

{"title":"Seismic performance of 3D printed reinforced concrete walls: Experimental study and numerical simulation","authors":"Chao Liu , Zhan Liang , Huawei Liu , Yiwen Wu , Yukun Zhang , Guoliang Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>3D printed concrete technology is developing rapidly but faces challenges in large-scale applications because the seismic performance of these structures is unclear. This study investigated the seismic performance of 3D printed reinforced concrete wall (3DPRCW) under quasistatic cyclic loading and developed a finite element model based on the parameters of interfacial pore defects to conduct parametric analyses. The results showed that interlayer interfaces significantly affected crack initiation and propagation, resulting in X-shaped through-cracks and shear compression failure. The ultimate load-bearing capacity of the rectangular cross-section was 17.8 % higher than that of the corrugated cross-section. The load-bearing capacity of the 3DPRCW was linearly positively correlated with the axial compression ratio in the range of 0.1–0.3, whereas increasing the core column’s concrete strength had no significant effect. The failure mechanism was analyzed based on interfacial pore defects. These findings provide critical insights into seismic design methodologies for 3DPRCW structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11763,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Structures","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 120176"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of additional static wind angle of attack on discrepancies between 2D and 3D flutter of suspension bridges

IF 5.6 1区工程技术

Engineering Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120137

Yan Zhang , Haili Liao , Qiang Zhou

{"title":"Effects of additional static wind angle of attack on discrepancies between 2D and 3D flutter of suspension bridges","authors":"Yan Zhang , Haili Liao , Qiang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The disparity in critical flutter wind speed (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>U</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>cr</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) between two-dimensional (2D) section models and three-dimensional (3D) full aeroelastic bridge models is crucial for determining the wind-induced safety of long-span suspension bridges. However, it remains unclear whether this disparity is due to the effects of additional static wind angle of attack (ASWAOA), multi-modal coupled effects, or both. In present study, the mechanisms underlying the difference between 2D and 3D <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>U</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>cr</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> of suspension bridges are investigated using analytical methods with focusing on the ASWAOA effects. Firstly, suspension bridges are simplified to simply-supported bridges to eliminate multi-modal coupled effects, enabling a thorough investigation into the ASWAOA effects on 2D and 3D <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>U</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>cr</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>. The concept and calculation method for evaluating the equivalent ASWAOA of 3D models are also proposed. Secondly, the ASWAOA effects on 2D and 3D flutter performances of suspension bridges with simple and continuous span-layout types are further discussed. The results show that the ASWAOA effects substantially reduce the 2D and 3D <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>U</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>cr</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> as positive initial wind angle of attack increases. However, the discrepancy between 2D and 3D equivalent ASWAOA is minimal, and the suspension bridges experiencing multi-modal coupled flutter indicates that the discrepancies between 2D and 3D <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>U</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>cr</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> arise primarily from the multi-modal coupled effects rather than the ASWAOA effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11763,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Structures","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 120137"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electromechanical self-sensing characteristics of carbon fiber composites: Multi-level mechanisms and equivalent electrical circuit model based analysis

IF 5.6 1区工程技术

Engineering Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120102

Hyung Doh Roh

{"title":"Electromechanical self-sensing characteristics of carbon fiber composites: Multi-level mechanisms and equivalent electrical circuit model based analysis","authors":"Hyung Doh Roh","doi":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The electromechanical self-sensing ability of the carbon fiber composites was investigated by analyzing the change in the electrical resistance when subjected to mechanical deformation or failure. This behavior is due to the combined effects of the intrinsic piezoresistivity of the carbon fibers and intra-tow/inter-tow/inter-ply interactions, which are pertinent to the bundled (tow-level), woven/unidirectional (ply level), and stacked (laminate-level) nature of the laminated composites. The mechanisms were interpreted using electrically equivalent circuit models, which aided in numerical analysis and sensitivity prediction by considering the electrical resistance changes with respect to tensile deformation. The proposed model included the electromechanical behavior of multiscale carbon fibers, such that the gauge factors are 0.19 for the monofilament and 0.217 for the tailored composite. In addition, the terms with respect to the bending direction were considered because the composite exhibited various resistance changes in terms of the fiber and loading directions. By understanding the electromechanical mechanisms using the proposed models, the self-sensing ability and sensitivity of carbon fiber composites can be tailored. A proof-of-concept of Carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRP) self-sensing was demonstrated on a 3D-printed bridge structure, in which The CFRP underneath the bridge enabled real-time deflection monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11763,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Structures","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 120102"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Web openings in inverted steel and concrete composite beams – Experimental insights and numerical simulation

IF 5.6 1区工程技术

Engineering Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120127

Till Janiak, Georgios Christou, Martin Classen

{"title":"Web openings in inverted steel and concrete composite beams – Experimental insights and numerical simulation","authors":"Till Janiak, Georgios Christou, Martin Classen","doi":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Composite beams can achieve high material and spatial efficiency in high-rise buildings by integrating equipment, such as ventilation or supply lines, through cut-out openings in the steel web. These openings lead to a redistribution of internal forces, creating additional local demands on the design of steel, concrete, and shear connectors. Composite beams with single flange and composite dowels provide significant potential in the construction of ceilings. The so-called integral ceiling, which possesses an inverted cross-section and a concrete slab under tension, offers additional advantages such as enhanced accessibility from the top for maintenance work and the possibility of thermal activation. The existing literature on inverted composite beams, particularly in the context of web openings, is limited. Therefore, this paper presents experimental investigations on inverted composite beams with web openings to gain insights into the local structural mechanisms within these regions, mainly focusing on the shear bearing capacity. A total of 24 tests were conducted, investigating various configurations of openings with different geometries and modified parameters such as reinforcement, prestressing, slab height, and slab orientation. The experimental results are enriched by numerical simulations to investigate the distribution of global and local internal forces. Results indicate similar bearing behaviour and failure mechanisms to those of composite beams under positive bending moments, suggesting that existing design provisions may be applicable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11763,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Structures","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 120127"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Time-dependent axial deformation of concrete: Development of a fractional calculus-based constitutive model

IF 5.6 1区工程技术

Engineering Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120132

Xianming Luo , Yun Zhou , Weijian Yi

{"title":"Time-dependent axial deformation of concrete: Development of a fractional calculus-based constitutive model","authors":"Xianming Luo , Yun Zhou , Weijian Yi","doi":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modeling the time-dependent behavior of concrete has long been a traditional challenge in the field of structural engineering. In current structural engineering, concrete time-dependent models for shrinkage and creep often rely on empirical or semi-empirical regression analysis of experimental data, lacking physical significance and showing deviations in practical applications. Fractional calculus (FC) constitutive models, as compared to traditional integer-order calculus models, demonstrate exceptional capabilities in describing time-dependent behavior of structures. FC-based models enable a more accurate capture of material and structural behavior over extended time scales. In this study, a theoretical model for the stress-strain-time relationship of concrete members is developed using a FC constitutive model. This model possesses a more practical physical expression, which significantly reduces the number of required parameters in time-dependent concrete models, and achieves better fitting results. The accuracy of this model is verified by several experimental data, and two key factors affecting the time-dependent deformation of concrete are initially selected for regression analysis using several different models. Thereafter, a unified theoretical calculation formula is derived, characterized by its simplicity and suitability for practical engineering applications. The impact of coupling beams on the axial deformation of adjacent vertical members within the structural system is also considered, and a comprehensive quantitative analysis of the effect of coupling beam stiffness is conducted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11763,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Structures","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 120132"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Crash performance of a novel movable assembled barriers for expressway work zone: Finite element model and full-scale collision test

IF 5.6 1区工程技术

Engineering Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120113

Yunwei Meng , Zhuochu Chen , Zixiao Wang , Zhongshuai Liu , Guangyan Qing , Yin Zhang , Jun Qiao , Hongling Liao

{"title":"Crash performance of a novel movable assembled barriers for expressway work zone: Finite element model and full-scale collision test","authors":"Yunwei Meng , Zhuochu Chen , Zixiao Wang , Zhongshuai Liu , Guangyan Qing , Yin Zhang , Jun Qiao , Hongling Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When carrying out construction on an expressway during operation period, the safety of personnel and equipment in the work zone is critical. There is an urgent need to develop barrier facilities that are suitable for work zone, provide protective capabilities, and have appropriate deformation. A novel barrier system, designated as the movable assembled barrier (MAB), has been introduced, offering the advantage of not necessitating anchoring to the pavement. The upper part consists of steel components, while the lower part is a reinforced concrete base. The barrier's resistance to vehicle impact is derived from the friction force between the base and the pavement. A finite element model, in conjunction with long short-term memory (LSTM) networks and genetic algorithms, was employed to optimize two critical structural parameters of the barrier: the friction coefficient between the barrier and the pavement, and the height of the barrier. This optimization was based on a dataset comprising maximum lift height of the gravity center, roll angle of vehicle and lateral displacement values of the barrier. In accordance with MASH testing requirements, the optimized barrier structure underwent numerical simulations to evaluate its crash performance, with results compared to full-scale crash tests. The research indicates that the MAB structure generates lower ASI values and roll angles during vehicle impacts. Additionally, the lateral displacement values of MAB are minimized, demonstrating good guiding performance for vehicles. Overall, the novel barrier meets the safety standards of MASH TL-4. This innovative barrier structure contributes to ensuring safety in expressway work zone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11763,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Structures","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 120113"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design of rectangular and square hollow sections under concentrated bearing forces: A proposal for AS 4100

IF 5.6 1区工程技术

Engineering Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119981

Hai-Ting Li , Jie-Yong Yuan , Ben Young

{"title":"Design of rectangular and square hollow sections under concentrated bearing forces: A proposal for AS 4100","authors":"Hai-Ting Li , Jie-Yong Yuan , Ben Young","doi":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A design proposal for rectangular and square hollow sections (RHS and SHS) under concentrated bearing forces to Australian Standard AS 4100 is presented. Both interior bearing and end bearing conditions, as codified in the design standard, were studied. A series of localised loading tests on cold-formed steel RHS and SHS with nominal yield strength of 460 MPa was conducted due to the shortage of available data for this steel grade. A parametric study was supplemented by utilising validated finite element models to generate additional data. The experimental and numerical web bearing capacities were compared with nominal resistances computed by the current AS 4100 design provisions. Reliability levels of the codified provisions were also appraised. It is revealed that the current AS 4100 provisions for RHS and SHS under interior bearing and end bearing need to be improved for better accuracy and reliability. New design rules are therefore proposed by using Direct Strength Method. The applicability of the proposed rules was assessed by verifying against a total of 478 test and numerical data. It is showcased that the proposed rules can be applied to both normal strength and high strength steels, and can provide improved predictions than the codified rules. The proposed DSM based design rules have been developed by adopting the bearing yield load and bearing buckling load calculations as codified in the current AS 4100, leading to rather user-friendly rules for designers and therefore recommended to the Australian standard for the design of RHS and SHS under concentrated bearing forces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11763,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Structures","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 119981"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of cutouts on the axial buckling strength of steel thin-walled cylindrical shells

IF 5.6 1区工程技术

Engineering Structures Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120149

Kamyab Rezaee, Alireza Moazezi Mehretehran

引用次数: 0