Engineering Structures最新文献

{"title":"Lightweight topology optimization of cracked structures based on the mixed-mode brittle fracture criterion","authors":"Changhao Yang ,&nbsp;Bin Xu ,&nbsp;Zeyu Wu ,&nbsp;Zunyi Duan ,&nbsp;Huagang Lin ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119784","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119784","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Engineering structures are prone to microcracking due to the influence of manufacturing processes or environmental conditions, while accurately simulating crack behavior remains complex. Consequently, the topological optimization of cracked structures presents a significant challenge in structural design. This paper proposes a topology optimization method based on the brittle fracture criterion for mixed-mode cracks, aimed at optimizing cracked structures. An optimization model is established to minimize volume while satisfying constraints on strength, stiffness, and crack resistance. The extended finite element method (XFEM) is employed to achieve high-accuracy simulations of crack behavior. Moreover, the sensitivity expressions for the stress intensity factor across different fracture modes are derived, and an innovative solution to the lightweight design problem of structures exhibiting mixed-mode fracture modes under a given load is presented. A comparative study of the lightweight design under different working conditions, including the presence or absence of cracks, is carried out using four benchmark cases and an engineering structure example. The influence of crack parameters such as length, location, and size on the optimized topology is also investigated. The results of numerical examples demonstrate that this proposed method provides an effective framework for generating topological structures that meet diverse requirements for stiffness, strength, and crack resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11763,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Structures","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 119784"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blast resistance of steel jacket reinforced double-column bridge pier","authors":"Hongyu Jia ,&nbsp;Hongchao Wei ,&nbsp;Jun Li ,&nbsp;Shengai Cui ,&nbsp;Li Xu ,&nbsp;Shixiong Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amidst the rise of regional military conflicts and terrorist activities, explosive attacks have emerged as a significant threat to critical structures, including high-rise buildings and bridges. This study adopts four explosion loads from authoritative counter-terrorism sources and uses LS-DYNA to perform numerical simulations of explosive events. The accuracy of the numerical simulations is initially validated against field test results. The numerical analysis examines various explosion locations, typical explosive sources, and the design of steel jacket reinforcement. It analyzes the impact of explosive loading on the horizontal displacement and acceleration response of double-column piers under bridge-forming conditions and examines the effectiveness of steel jacket reinforcement in mitigating the effects of explosive loading and enhancing protection mechanisms. Additionally, a parametric study is conducted to explore the influence of steel pipe thickness and coverage rate on the explosive response. The findings reveal that as the explosion location shifts from the outer to the inner side of the double-column pier, the response and damage to the more distant columns become increasingly severe. The application of 20 mm steel pipe protection significantly reduces plastic deformation caused by explosions, as the steel pipes help absorb the explosive energy. While increasing steel pipe thickness yields only marginal improvements in blast resistance, reducing the steel pipe coverage rate significantly enhances protective performance and mitigates additional concrete damage from lateral thrust.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11763,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Structures","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 119882"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fuzzy-probabilistic evaluation for the dynamic instability of corroded buried pipes conveying fluids","authors":"Saher Attia ,&nbsp;Fadi Oudah ,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Abdelmaksoud","doi":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study develops fuzzy-probabilistic models to investigate the dynamic instability (i.e., the first instability point) of corroded buried pipes conveying fluids. The models are developed via a novel hybrid of random fields and fuzzy logic methods to capture both aleatoric uncertainty, stemming from the stochastic nature of pipeline, fluid, and soil parameters, and epistemic uncertainty, arising from corrosion inspection challenges, especially in urban areas. Key features of the models include: (1) applicability to various pipe geometries, fluid types, and soil stiffness distributions; (2) Pipe Condition Index, on 0–100 scale, updatable from field inspection to reflect corrosion levels; and (3) uncertainty quantifiers including the random field significance level and fuzzy model coefficients. Results showcase the corrosion’s significant influence on dynamic instability. Furthermore, non-uniform soil stiffness distribution, with minimum stiffness at mid-span, increases the susceptibility to dynamic instability compared to the uniform soil case. The developed models achieve a high goodness-of-fit, with <em>R</em>² within 0.91–0.96, underscoring their accuracy in predicting the dynamic instability of corroded pipelines conveying fluids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11763,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Structures","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 119823"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexural fatigue behavior of FRP-reinforced UHPC tubular beams","authors":"Tian-Hui Fan ,&nbsp;Jun-Jie Zeng ,&nbsp;Xianwen Hu ,&nbsp;Jun-Da Chen ,&nbsp;Ping-Ping Wu ,&nbsp;Hui-Tao Liu ,&nbsp;Yan Zhuge","doi":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119848","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforced ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) tubular structures offer excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical properties, making them ideal for offshore construction applications such as bridge decks and girders. This paper investigates the flexural performance of FRP-reinforced UHPC tubular beams under static and fatigue loading, focusing on the effects of polyethylene (PE) and steel fibers. Results show that steel fiber-reinforced beams have higher load resistance under static loads, while both fiber types exhibit similar fatigue life under equivalent fatigue loads, despite differences in crack evolution and strain. Steel fibers reduce GFRP bar deformation but cause faster UHPC degradation. Fatigue tests revealed up to a 48.86 % reduction in residual load capacity for PE fiber-reinforced beams. A fatigue endurance limit of 0.5 <em>Pu</em> is recommended for FRP-UHPC tubular structures in fatigue-critical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11763,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Structures","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 119848"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modal strain monitoring of a post-tensioned concrete girder bridge: Influence of temperature and solar irradiation","authors":"Menno van de Velde ,&nbsp;Dimitrios Anastasopoulos ,&nbsp;Hans De Backer ,&nbsp;Edwin Reynders ,&nbsp;Geert Lombaert","doi":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119832","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119832","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vibration-based monitoring (VBM) is widely applied for assessing the structural health of bridges, where tracking changes of modal characteristics is used for damage assessment. Natural frequencies are the most commonly employed modal characteristic for this purpose, but have the drawback that they are sensitive to temperature changes and not very sensitive to local stiffness variations. Recent case studies, primarily on steel railway bridges, have demonstrated that strain mode shapes offer a much higher sensitivity to local damage and are significantly less influenced by temperature. This study investigates the impact of temperature and solar irradiation on the natural frequencies and strain mode shapes of a post-tensioned concrete bridge used for vehicle traffic. For this purpose, a long-term monitoring campaign is performed, measuring operational dynamic strains and temperature. In agreement with existing case studies in literature, a significant impact of temperature and solar irradiation on the natural frequencies is observed. However, contrary to previous findings, also the strain mode shapes are found to be substantially temperature-dependent. This dependency is attributed to several factors: (1) the composite nature of the structure, where different materials have differing relationships between material properties and temperature, (2) the non-uniform temperature distribution caused by solar irradiation, and (3) the potential impact of changing support conditions and connections with varying temperatures. A finite element model was developed to capture these temperature-dependent effects, successfully replicating the observed temperature-induced changes in both natural frequencies and strain mode shapes. These findings suggest that composite bridges composed of diverse materials exhibit inherent variability in strain mode shapes, primarily due to their temperature dependency. For vibration-based damage detection, this implies that damage has to be sufficiently large to be detected through changes in strain mode shapes or neutral axis positions, if environmental variability is not accounted for.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11763,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Structures","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 119832"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143227213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical analysis and design of concrete-filled double skin CHS with 316L+Q355 stainless-clad bimetallic steel outer tubes under axial compression","authors":"Huiyong Ban ,&nbsp;Zhuo Zeng ,&nbsp;Linbo Zhang ,&nbsp;Fangying Wang ,&nbsp;Xiang Yun ,&nbsp;Peng Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119796","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119796","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Concrete-filled double skin steel tubular (CFDST) stub columns with stainless-clad bimetallic steel outer tubes combine the cost-effectiveness and high corrosion resistance of stainless-clad steel with the superior strength-to-weight ratio inherent in traditional CFDST structures, making them well-suited for applications in demanding marine environments. This paper presents a comprehensive numerical study on CFDST stub columns with stainless-clad bimetallic steel circular hollow section (CHS) outer tubes under axial compression. Finite element (FE) models were established and validated against existing experimental results from the literature, focusing on load-average axial strain relationships, ultimate strength, and failure modes. Employing the validated FE models, an extensive parametric analysis comprising 320 models was undertaken to investigate the influence of clad ratios and wall thicknesses of stainless-clad bimetallic steel outer tubes, as well as concrete strength on the compressive behaviour of the investigated CFDST stub columns. The ultimate loads from the parametric analysis were used to assess the suitability of existing design codes, including the European Standard EN 1994–1–1, the American National Standard ANSI/AISC 360–22, and the Chinese Code T/CCES 7–2020, with respect to the studied stub columns. It was observed that the EN 1994–1–1 can be most consistent but unconservative in their capacity predictions, while the ANSI/AISC 360–22 tends to yield over-conservative capacity predictions. The T/CCES 7–2020 offers the most accurate capacity predictions. Finally, a modified approach based on the EN 1994–1–1 method was proposed, which features the utilisation of a revised concrete confinement parameter <em>η</em>_c* that more accurately reflects the concrete confinement effects in CFDST sections, which has been shown to enhance prediction accuracy for the ultimate resistances of CFDST stub columns with stainless-clad bimetallic steel outer tubes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11763,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Structures","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 119796"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact performance of fibre reinforced geopolymer concrete beams with steel-FRP composite bars","authors":"Zhijie Huang ,&nbsp;Cek Sem So ,&nbsp;Wensu Chen ,&nbsp;Paing Min Htet ,&nbsp;Danqi Li ,&nbsp;Hong Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global warming has driven the rapid development of sustainable and durable materials in infrastructure construction in recent years. Demand is increasing as more economies around the world are booming. Geopolymer concrete (GPC), basalt macro fibres (BMFs), and steel-fibre reinforced polymer composite bars (SFCBs) are such materials that enable enhanced structural performance and longevity of structures whilst reducing carbon emissions. SFCB is a kind of new rebar comprising steel rebar as a core and fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) as an outer layer, i.e., SGCB, SBCB, and SCCB (denoting SFCBs with glass FRP, basalt FRP, and carbon FRP layer, respectively). This study proposes new BMF-reinforced GPC structures reinforced with SFCBs (named BMF-GPC-SFCB structures). Laboratory tests were conducted to investigate the flexural behaviour of BMF-GPC-SFCB beams against impact load with three designed impact velocities (0.23 m/s, 1.56 m/s, and 3.79 m/s), on which the effects of reinforcement type, BMF content, SFCB type, and SFCB ratio were considered in this study. The test results show that the GPC-SBCB beam had smaller residual mid-span deflections than the GPC-Steel beam, and the failure mode changed from flexure in the GPC-Steel beam to flexure-shear in the GPC-SFCB beam due to the higher tensile strength of SBCBs. Increasing the tensile strength and modulus of SFCBs as well as the reinforcement ratio enhanced the impact performance of the GPC beams. This study provides valuable insight into the application of SFCBs for reinforcing GPC beams and test data for the calibration of numerical models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11763,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Structures","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 119880"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143227214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transfer learning enhanced heat transfer neural operators (HTNO) for efficient thermal analysis in concrete structures","authors":"Panwei Du ,&nbsp;Kang Hai Tan ,&nbsp;Sai Hung Cheung","doi":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119782","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119782","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat transfer analysis in concrete structures is crucial in structural fire engineering for determination of temperature distribution and fire resistance of members. Due to the nature of nonlinear parabolic partial differential equations coupled with nonhomogeneous boundary conditions, traditional numerical solvers are often computationally expensive and limited in their ability to adapt to numerous varying fire scenarios. This study introduced an end-to-end framework for development of Heat Transfer Neural Operators (HTNOs) leveraging on Fourier Neural Operator architecture, tailored for structural fire engineering applications. These HTNOs could efficiently map both initial and boundary conditions (Dirichlet and Neumann types) to temperature profiles for various time domains with high fidelity. The developed HTNOs exhibited mean L2 relative errors ranging from 0.111 % to 0.840 % across an extensive test dataset. Once trained, these operators could provide accurate solutions significantly faster than traditional solvers by at least three orders of magnitude. This study also highlighted the critical role of incorporating domain-specific knowledge in the development of HTNOs. Moreover, transfer learning techniques were employed to enhance the learning process and reduce data dependency, notably improving the accuracy, generalisability and convergence speed. This study demonstrated the potential of HTNOs in revolutionising thermal analysis in structural fire engineering and providing a robust, rapid and highly accurate method for fire resistance analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11763,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Structures","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 119782"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143227215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deflection and thickness threshold of high-strength strain-hardening cementitious composite stay-in-place formwork for modular integrated construction","authors":"Yangqing Liu ,&nbsp;Zewen Chen ,&nbsp;Xianjun Su ,&nbsp;Bo Wu ,&nbsp;Jie Yao ,&nbsp;Jishen Qiu ,&nbsp;Baojun Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119798","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119798","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Concrete modular integrated construction (MiC) involves stay-in-place (SIP) wall formwork during construction, which is subjected to lateral pressure from cast-in-situ fresh concrete and is usually thick and heavily reinforced to limit deflection and cracking. Strain-hardening cementitious composite (SHCC) with strain-hardening and multiple cracking behaviors could significantly reduce the wall thickness. However, the maximum deflection and thickness threshold of SHCC wall formwork under casting loads are unknown. In this paper, the bending tests of half-scale SHCC plates with varying thicknesses, reinforcement layouts, and boundary conditions were first performed. Due to the fiber-bridging behavior, numerous micro-cracks appeared on the plate surfaces and the SHCC plates presented excellent bending ductility. Placing transverse rebars close to the outer surface, increasing plate thickness, and enhancing boundaries could effectively delay the cracking. Subsequently, a refined finite element (FE) model for the bending test was built and validated by the test results. 128 FE models were calculated to investigate the effects of plate thickness, plate widths, and reinforcement ratios. The maximum deflection increased with plate widths, indicating that a wider wall formwork required a larger thickness. Finally, the deflection calculation procedure of SHCC wall formwork was proposed based on the calculus of variations and the Galerkin method. The thickness thresholds of SHCC wall formwork with the widths of 1000, 1500, 2000, and 2500 mm are 50, 60, 70, and 80 mm, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11763,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Structures","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 119798"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term prediction of surface chloride content of marine concrete structures using inverse physics-informed neural networks","authors":"Ren-jie Wu ,&nbsp;Yong Xia ,&nbsp;Jin Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.119752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a complicated marine environment, the surface chloride content on reinforced concrete structures exhibits stochastic temporal fluctuations. Traditional models of surface chloride content only consider the change trend over time without considering the stochastic temporal fluctuations, leading to a lack of comprehensiveness and accuracy in prediction results. To address these limitations, a physics-data-driven framework, coupled with a time-dependent deterministic and fluctuation function, is proposed to reconstrue the holistic trend and local fluctuations of the surface chloride content with limited data. The fluctuation characteristics of the surface chloride content curve, arising from environmental action and structural resistance, are extracted using the Fourier-cosine decomposition method. An inverse physics-informed neural networks is proposed to enhance the predictability of stochastic and discrete time series. In this physics-informed neural network, a surface chloride content probabilistic model is used as the surrogate model to reconstrued the stochastic temporal fluctuations. The boundary loss function is formulated as the physical constraints of the aforementioned inherent-external stochastic temporal fluctuations, while the true value loss is generated as the discrepancy among the measured data, PINN prediction data, and surrogate model data. Utilizing the measured data and PINN, the surrogate model is refined, in which the initial chloride content, the accumulation rate, and the fluctuation phases of surface chloride content are updated. The application of this model to over 16-year data of naturally exposed concrete specimens demonstrate its effectiveness and accuracy for predicting surface chloride content with the relative error controlled by 10 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11763,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Structures","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 119752"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}