Engineering Research Express最新文献

{"title":"The impact of pulsed Nd:YAG laser on the surface of n-Si and photo-electrical performance of silicon solar cells","authors":"Ahmad Rujhan Mohd Rais, Nurul Aqidah Mohd Sinin, Siti Nor Fazlina Abdul Hamid, Kamaruzzaman Sopian and Suhaila Sepeai","doi":"10.1088/2631-8695/ad78a9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ad78a9","url":null,"abstract":"Texturizing the surface of a silicon solar cell enhances performance by reducing reflection losses. Pyramidal texturization via wet chemical etching is standard in manufacturing, while plasma etching is often used for vertical hole texturization. Laser texturization offers a chemical-free, user-friendly alternative to plasma etching. Infrared (IR) transmission studies indicate that laser-textured samples transmit more IR light through n-Si than normally textured samples, suggesting that vertical grooves from laser texturization allow deeper light penetration. Analyses using cross-sectional Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersion x-ray (EDX), and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) demonstrate the effects of laser texturization on the front surface of textured n-Si wafers. However, silicon solar cells with laser-textured surfaces demonstrated lower conversion efficiencies (1.20% to 4.30%) compared to conventionally textured cells (14.30%). The short-circuit current density (JSC) was also lower in laser-textured cells, below 17 mA cm−2, compared to 34.44 mA cm−2 in normally textured cells. At the same time, higher laser power (114 W) during texturization also led to the lowest JSC and open-circuit voltage (VOC), indicating that laser texturization may introduce defects and dislocations that degrade Si properties.","PeriodicalId":11753,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Express","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data analytics in ensemble learning for effective crop yield prediction","authors":"Deeksha Tripathi, Saroj K Biswas and Barnana Baruah","doi":"10.1088/2631-8695/ad780f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ad780f","url":null,"abstract":"In agricultural research, Crop Yield Prediction (CYP) offers the best decision-making to assist farmers in agricultural yield forecasting efficiently. Most of the existing studies have not considered the exhaustive exploration of data analytics techniques in Machine Learning (ML) for CYP due to which the existing models have not given the optimal results. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of data analytics in Ensemble Learning (EL) techniques for more reliable and high-performance CYP models. This article proposes an expert system model, Blended Expert System for Crop Yield Prediction (BESCYP), designed to predict the precise crop yields for specific agricultural lands in the Assam state of India. The proposed BESCYP employs Expectation–Maximization (EM) algorithm to treat missing values, the Isolation Forest (IF) technique to analyze outliers, the Genetic Algorithm (GA) to perform feature selection, Robust Scaling (RS) technique to perform data normalization and the Extra Tree (ET) for classification that overcome the variance and overfitting problem commonly associated with standard ML algorithms. The evaluation of the proposed BESCYP model has been performed using accuracy, precision, recall, and F-1 score on a dataset obtained from International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT). The proposed model is compared against different standard ML algorithms, EL algorithms and various existing models available in the literature, and the experimental results show that the proposed BESCYP model outperforms other models.","PeriodicalId":11753,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Express","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142247732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shield machine pose prediction based on CNN-GRU-Attention","authors":"Xuanyu Liu and Kun Yang","doi":"10.1088/2631-8695/ad7781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ad7781","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a shield machine pose prediction method based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) - Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) with Attention mechanism (Attention). Firstly, the Pearson correlation coefficient is employed to select input parameters highly related to the position and posture of the shield machine. Then, a convolutional neural network is introduced to extract the long-term short-term feature dependency features in the operation data of the shield machine, optimizing the model’s input. The attention mechanism is integrated into the gated loop unit to make the model more targeted in using key information in the input sequence and improve the accuracy of the shield machine pose prediction model. The effectiveness of this method is verified by the example of Beijing Metro Line 10. Compared with GRU-Attention and LSTM-Attention models, the mean value of determination coefficient R2 increased from 0.872 and 0.886 to 0.959, and the mean value of root mean square error RMSE decreased from 2.78 and 2.52 to 2.14. This method can provide effective prediction for the attitude and position of shield machines in actual tunnel engineering.","PeriodicalId":11753,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Express","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142247737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of mechanical strength in lightweight EPS geopolymer composites using coconut fiber","authors":"Lakshmi Kant, Shashi Kumar, Sanjeet Kumar, Amit Kumar Singh and Sushila Sharma","doi":"10.1088/2631-8695/ad6eeb","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ad6eeb","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the effect of coconut fiber (CF) on the mechanical properties of a sustainable building material known as lightweight ambient-cured geopolymer composites (CFLWGC). Coconut fibers, with mean diameter 0.4 mm and lengths of 2, 4, and 6 cm, were incorporated into the composite at varying contents (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% by binder mass) to study their effect on CFLWGC. The resulting CFLWGC was thoroughly charaffigcterized for its physical and mechanical attributes, including density, workability, compressive strength, and splitting tensile strength. Results showed that incorporating coconut fibers significantly improved mechanical properties with optimal compressive strength of 11.265 MPa (30% increase) and highest split tensile strength of 1.464 MPa (35% improvement) at 4 cm fiber length and 1% content. However, excessive fiber volume or length reduced compressive strength to 7.821 MPa (25% decrease) and split tensile strength to 0.548 MPa (62.5% reduction). Longer fiber lengths (6 cm) and higher fiber contents generally decreased tensile strength, indicating that while moderate fiber addition enhances performance, excessive fiber volume or length negatively impacts the composites’ mechanical properties.","PeriodicalId":11753,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Express","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142247733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and development of a low-cost hyperspectral imaging setup via a machine-learningbased approach","authors":"Jyotisana Meena and Sujatha Narayanan Unni","doi":"10.1088/2631-8695/ad76fb","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ad76fb","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a potential solution for developing a low-cost hyperspectral imaging (HSI) setup by preserving pertinent information acquired from a conventional hyperspectral imaging setup. Conventional hyperspectral images (HSI) of three different types of leaves, gongura (Hibiscus sabdariffa), amaranthus (Amaranthus viridis), and banana (Musa acuminata) were acquired with 204 wavelengths/bands. The spectra are processed using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to find a set of signature wavelengths for leaf classification. Afterwards, 20 visible range wavelengths (440 to 700 nm) were found to be incorporated into a low-cost setup involving a monochromator, beam steering elements, and a smartphone camera with associated machine learning (ML) classifiers. For building the datasets, we extracted 90 spectra from the images captured using the conventional HSI setup under the full spectra range (397 nm to 1003 nm). Similarly, 90 spectra were extracted from the images captured from the low-cost setup under the 20 signature wavelengths. For further experimentation, we split the datasets into Dataset-A, containing 70% of the total spectra, and the remaining 30% in Dataset-B for HSI as well as low-cost setup. Dataset- B was reserved to evaluate the robustness of the classifiers on an unseen dataset. LDA surpasses the other classifiers in leaves classification for HSI as well as low-cost setup. For the HSI setup, LDA achieved a 100% average score for performance matrices (classification accuracy, precision, Recall, and F1-score) on dataset A as well as on dataset B. Moreover, for the low-cost setup, LDA achieved 98.33% ± 4.99% classification accuracy, 98.89% ± 3.33% precision, 98.33% ± 4.99% recall, and 98.22% ± 5.33% F1-score on dataset A. Additionally, LDA achieved 96.29% classification accuracy, 96.67% precision, 96.29% recall, and 96.28% F1-score for dataset B. The promising results indicated that the low-cost set-up closely emulates the HSI system’s performance in terms of performance metrics, delivering a low-cost HSI system for various applications in the future.","PeriodicalId":11753,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Express","volume":"189 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and investigation of gaussian doped junction free SMDG and TMDG-TFET for analog/RF applications","authors":"Tamilarasi R and Karthik S","doi":"10.1088/2631-8695/ad777e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ad777e","url":null,"abstract":"This research investigates four variants of Gaussian Doped (GD) Double Gate Single Material and Tri-Material Junction-Free Tunnel-Field-Effect-Transistors (GD-DG-JF-TFETs) to optimize their performance in analog and RF applications. The analysis is conducted using the Sentaurus Synopsis TCAD simulation tool, reveals a Subthreshold Swing (SS) as low as 38 mV/dec, exceptionally higher cut-off-frequency (ft) and maximum-oscillation-frequency ( ) of 516 GHz and 895 GHz, respectively. The proposed TMDG-JF-TFET enhances band-to-band tunneling between the drain and source regions, resulting in an extremely low-off-state-current (Ioff) of 9.6 fA and large-on-state current (ION) of 6.7 mA in Permittivity of high-k (HfO2 = 25) and low-k (SiO2 = 3.8) based structures.Compared to conventional SMDG technologies, the TMDG structures exhibits 36% reduction in SS, a 16% improvement in ft, an 18% enhancement in and 17% increase in ION. These improvements demonstrate that TMDG-based TFETs are superior devices for ultra-low-power-integrated-circuit-applications.","PeriodicalId":11753,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Express","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142247736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison and analysis of properties of V-type HV-LSPMSM with non-magnetic and magnetic-wedges","authors":"Qiuyue Xie, Qiuling Deng, Bing Ren, Yichang Zhong and Jinsheng Ou","doi":"10.1088/2631-8695/ad76fa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ad76fa","url":null,"abstract":"In order to improve the magnetic density distribution and torque ripple waveform of the motor and enhance its efficiency, the effect of slot wedge on motor performance is discussed in this paper. Taking 6 kV, 710 kW high-voltage line-start PMSM (HV-LSPMSM) as an example, the mathematical model is established, the influence mechanism of slot wedge on air gap density, loss, efficiency and torque ripple of motor is analyzed. The HV-LSPMSM prototype was manufactured, the deviations of several important motor parameters are less than 5% by comparing the test data and the finite element analysis (FEA) results, thus, the accuracy and reliability of the modified finite element model (FEM) are verified, it provides an experimental basis for further research on the effect of relative permeability variation on motor performance. The effects of nonmagnetic-wedges and magnetic-wedges on the motor’s performance are systematically compared. The research results show that compared with the non-magnetic wedges, the magnetic wedges are used to make the magnetic density more uniform, the eddy current loss with magnetic wedge (μ = 5) is reduced by 7.292 kW, and the motor efficiency is improved. The torque ripple rate with magnetic wedge (μ = 3) is reduced by 3.35%, and the torque waveform is significantly improved. And It is found that magnetic wedge (μ > 3) slowed down the iron loss reduction rate. The research provides an important theoretical and experimental basis for the design of HV-LSPMSM and the application of magnetic-wedge in motor.","PeriodicalId":11753,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Express","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-UAV adaptive super-twisting integral terminal sliding mode formation control","authors":"Jun Wang and Mingmin Luo","doi":"10.1088/2631-8695/ad7780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ad7780","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses issues such as model uncertainties, actuator failures, and gust disturbances in multi-quadrotor UAV formation flight. An adaptive super-twisting integral terminal sliding mode control method is proposed, incorporating a ‘Leader-Follower’ formation control strategy. The approach includes designing an adaptive super-twisting integral terminal sliding mode controller and a formation adaptive cooperative controller. Additionally, adaptive gains are utilized to manage the effects of actuator failures, gust disturbances, and ground station interference, ensuring safe formation flight. Simulation and experimental results indicate that the proposed controller can track the target trajectory within a finite time and effectively maintain formation flight.","PeriodicalId":11753,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Express","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142247739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of optimization approaches for combined economic emission dispatch- a comprehensive review","authors":"Rafid Zidan Khlaif and Thamir Hassan Atyia","doi":"10.1088/2631-8695/ad7783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ad7783","url":null,"abstract":"This comprehensive review explores a range of optimization approaches for Combined Economic Emission Dispatch (CEED), covering conventional, non-conventional, and hybrid techniques. CEED is critical in minimizing economic costs and emissions while ensuring power system reliability. Traditional methods focus on cost minimization but overlook environmental considerations. Optimization techniques address this gap by simultaneously optimizing economic and environmental objectives. Hybrid techniques, combining multiple algorithms or integrating renewable energy, further enhance CEED performance. The review evaluates these approaches’ strengths and limitations, considering factors like computational efficiency and solution accuracy. Over the past few decades, a great deal of study has been done on the use of renewable energy (RE) as an alternative source in power generation systems. As a result, the power dispatch problem currently uses the Combined Economic Emission Dispatch (CEED) of thermal and renewable energy resources. It discusses the potential of hybrid techniques and take in consideration renewable energy integration in achieving cost savings and emission reductions, highlighting areas for future research.","PeriodicalId":11753,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Express","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fractional-order burgers model for coral concrete creep","authors":"Jian Cao, Danshen Wang, Ziyi Zou and Ning Tu","doi":"10.1088/2631-8695/ad777d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ad777d","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid development of marine engineering construction, coral aggregate has been widely applied in practical engineering. Its creep characteristics must be emphasized, but only a few experimental studies have been conducted, and theoretical research has not yet been reported. In this study, based on the traditional Burgers rheological model and using the fractional order software components Able dashpot, constructs a fractional order creep model for coral concrete and provides a calculation method. Comparison shows that the traditional Burgers rheological model cannot adjust the creep rate and development degree in calculations, resulting in a large deviation between its predicted results and experimental values. However, the fractional order model established in this paper aligns with the creep development law of coral concrete, and its calculated values match well with experimental values, making it suitable for predicting the creep characteristics of coral concrete under different water-cement ratios. Sensitivity analysis of the fractional order can achieve effective control over the prediction of creep development in coral concrete in practical engineering. The fractional order creep model established in this paper can provide a basis for predicting and evaluating the long-term performance of coral concrete in practical engineering.","PeriodicalId":11753,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Express","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}