Environmental Entomology最新文献

Validation of phenology models for Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) using field data from climatically different ecoregions. 利用不同气候生态区野外资料验证Halyomorpha halys（半翅目：蝽科）物候模型。

IF 1.5 3区农林科学

Environmental Entomology Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvaf097

Emily C Ogburn, Stephen C Schoof, Dominic D Reisig, George G Kennedy, James F Walgenbach

{"title":"Validation of phenology models for Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) using field data from climatically different ecoregions.","authors":"Emily C Ogburn, Stephen C Schoof, Dominic D Reisig, George G Kennedy, James F Walgenbach","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvaf097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaf097","url":null,"abstract":"Halyomorpha halys (Stål), an invasive species of Asian origin, has become a key pest of tree fruit in areas of the Eastern and Pacific Northwest United States. This study used a 5-yr dataset of pheromone trap captures from 4 ecoregions (Mountains, Piedmont, Southeastern Plains, and Atlantic Coastal Plain) of North Carolina to validate temperature-driven phenology models previously reported for oviposition by overwintering adults and eclosion of F1 adults using semi-field cage studies. Cumulative proportion of pheromone trap captures of F1 adults and nymphs over cumulative degree days was compared to predictions based on the previously reported models' quadratic equation curves for adult eclosion (y = -0.0000015x2 + 0.004736x - 2.664) and oviposition (y = 0.0000032x2 - 0.010853x + 9.050). The oviposition model was validated using projected oviposition curves to predict nymphal populations over time by using life stage-specific development and mortality rates. Analysis of coefficients of determination (R2) for all regressions showed that F1 adult model predictions varied by region and year. Mean R2 values in the Mountain, Piedmont, and Southeastern Plains ecoregions for F1 adults were 0.88, 0.93, and 0.93, respectively. Nymphal regressions also varied by ecoregion, with mean R2 values of 0.95, 0.86, and 0.88 in the Mountains, Piedmont, and Southeastern Plains, respectively. Differences among regions were mostly associated with lower R2 values at sites with low population densities. Results are discussed in relation to the value of these models in studying the ecology of invasive species and in informing pest management decisions.","PeriodicalId":11751,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145250149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Survival of elongate hemlock scale (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) with prolonged cold exposure: overwintering mortality risk across North America. 延长铁杉鳞片的生存（半翅目：铁杉科）与长时间的寒冷暴露：越冬死亡风险在北美。

IF 1.5 3区农林科学

Environmental Entomology Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvaf096

Clarissa Moore, Brian H Aukema, Julia B Leone, Robert M Jetton, Toby R Petrice, Angie Ambourn, Robert C Venette

{"title":"Survival of elongate hemlock scale (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) with prolonged cold exposure: overwintering mortality risk across North America.","authors":"Clarissa Moore, Brian H Aukema, Julia B Leone, Robert M Jetton, Toby R Petrice, Angie Ambourn, Robert C Venette","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvaf096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaf096","url":null,"abstract":"Elongate hemlock scale, Fiorinia externa Ferris (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), is an invasive pest of eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis, and other Pinaceae such as Fraser fir, Abies fraseri. Cut Fraser firs (ie for Christmas trees and other holiday greenery) with F. externa have been intercepted in US states beyond where the insect is known to be established and, in some cases, where exposure to freezing temperatures might be prolonged. This study measures the effect of constant low temperatures (3, -10, or -20 °C) on survival of overwintering F. externa females from eastern hemlock in Michigan and from eastern hemlock and Fraser fir in North Carolina. Survival was determined with biochemical viability testing, which assesses the presence of metabolically active cells, and changes in survivorship through time were quantified with Kaplan-Meier methods and beta regression. Collection date and host occasionally affected survival rate but not in a consistent pattern. Survival rates generally decreased as temperature decreased. At 3 °C, F. externa maintained high survival (>75%). At -10 °C, survival was projected to fall to 50% within 22 to 92 d and 10% by 45 to 195 d. At -20 °C, survival typically declined to 50% by 1 to 27 d and 10% by 6 to 52 d. We used survival durations at -20 °C to map how often F. externa might experience 50 or 90% mortality from prolonged cold exposure. Temperatures in recent winters have not been below -20 °C for long enough to stop F. externa from spreading throughout the ranges of eastern hemlock or other hosts in Canada and the continental United States.","PeriodicalId":11751,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145243902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of temperature on female reproductive traits of the armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). 温度对粘虫（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）雌性生殖特性的影响。

IF 1.5 3区农林科学

Environmental Entomology Pub Date : 2025-10-05 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvaf101

Sandrine Lemaire-Hamel, Frédéric McCune, Gaétan Daigle, Valérie Fournier, Julien Saguez

{"title":"Influence of temperature on female reproductive traits of the armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).","authors":"Sandrine Lemaire-Hamel, Frédéric McCune, Gaétan Daigle, Valérie Fournier, Julien Saguez","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvaf101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaf101","url":null,"abstract":"The armyworm, Mythimna unipuncta (Haworth), is a seasonal migrant that travels every spring from the United States towards northern breeding areas, such as Quebec (Canada), to avoid hot summer temperatures. Because of climate change, it could arrive earlier in the province, and the temperatures encountered upon arrival could increasingly vary, possibly influencing the female's reproductive traits. To explore the influence of temperatures on the reproduction and fecundity of M. unipuncta, we investigated the correlation between the number of eggs in egg clusters and their mass (g). Next, sexually mature couples were formed and subjected to constant temperatures of 10, 17, or 25 °C in growth chambers. We evaluated the lifetime fecundity, daily fecundity, delay between couple formation and egg laying, oviposition period (number of days between the first and last days of oviposition), number of oviposition days inside the oviposition period, mating percentage, and lifetime mating frequency. Our results showed that high temperature (25 °C) reduced egg size. Although temperature did not influence the lifetime fecundity of M. unipuncta, high temperature negatively influenced the couples' mating percentage and frequency. The 25 °C treatment also shortened the females' oviposition period. Together, our findings suggest that high temperatures would be more detrimental to the reproductive parameters of M. unipuncta than cooler temperatures. Results are discussed in a context of climate change.","PeriodicalId":11751,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145231780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A proposed method for estimating habitat suitability of weed biological control agents with experimentally derived thermal injury and weather data. 提出了一种利用热伤害和天气数据估算杂草生物防治剂生境适宜性的方法。

IF 1.5 3区农林科学

Environmental Entomology Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvaf099

Ian A Knight, Felix E Bingham, Megann M Harlow, Annie H Huang, Chelsea Bohaty, Nathan E Harms

{"title":"A proposed method for estimating habitat suitability of weed biological control agents with experimentally derived thermal injury and weather data.","authors":"Ian A Knight, Felix E Bingham, Megann M Harlow, Annie H Huang, Chelsea Bohaty, Nathan E Harms","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvaf099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaf099","url":null,"abstract":"Ecological niche modelling provides a tool for making a priori predictions of habitat suitability for biological control agents. Current approaches may be limited by available data but improved by the incorporation of physiological data. Alligatorweed, Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. (Caryophyllales: Ameranthaceae), is controlled across much of its introduced range in the United States of America by the alligatorweed flea beetle, Agasicles hygrophila Selman and Vogt (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae); however, insufficient control is observed at temperate latitudes. Investigations into alligatorweed thrips, Amynothrips andersoni O'Neill (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae), indicate that they are more cold-tolerant with a broader predicted range. The upper limit of the chill injury zone (ULCIZ) and the sum of injurious temperatures (SIT) are measures that can be used to compare relative cold tolerance among biocontrol agents. Here we propose a method for integrating these parameters with weather data to predict overwintering mortality. The ULCIZ and SIT of Am. andersoni and Ag. hygrophila were experimentally determined, then habitat suitability for each species was modeled using the proposed method and 20 yr of weather data. ULCIZ was -2.94 and 4.52 °C, and SIT was 307.19 and 251.27 for Am. andersoni and Ag. hygrophila, respectively, indicating that Am. andersoni begins accumulating chill injury at a lower temperature than Ag. hygrophila and does so at a slower rate. Using this method, 91.8% of Al. philoxeroides's range in the USA was predicted to fall within highly or moderately suitable habitat for Am. andersoni, compared to 15.9% for Ag. hygrophila. Ranges predicted by the proposed method are similar to previous correlative ENMs.","PeriodicalId":11751,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distribution of Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) damage in tree canopies: implications for survey efficacy. 光肩天牛（鞘翅目：天牛科）在林冠的分布及其对调查效果的影响。

IF 1.5 3区农林科学

Environmental Entomology Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvaf095

Meredith S Bean, R Talbot Trotter, Robert Ritger, Kyle Barrett, Scott E Pfister, David R Coyle

{"title":"Distribution of Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) damage in tree canopies: implications for survey efficacy.","authors":"Meredith S Bean, R Talbot Trotter, Robert Ritger, Kyle Barrett, Scott E Pfister, David R Coyle","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvaf095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaf095","url":null,"abstract":"Anoplophora glabripennis Motschulsky is an invasive woodboring beetle in North America and Europe that threatens a broad range of tree genera. Eradication is a costly and time-consuming process that requires visual surveys to detect beetle damage on host trees. Knowing the distribution of beetle damage within trees could directly benefit survey efforts by focusing surveys on high-risk areas and indirectly by identifying habitat factors that structure beetle populations. In the A. glabripennis infestation in South Carolina, we identified an isolated and actively growing subpopulation on an island that had not fully occupied the available host trees. With host resources still abundant for the beetle, the distribution of oviposition pits and exit holes is expected to be the result of habitat preference and (in the case of exit holes) larval performance. We examined the distribution of eggs and emerging adults by cataloging the >14,000 oviposition sites and >1,400 exit holes distributed among the 33 infested and uninfested host trees on the island, documenting the stem height, diameter, surface area, and bark thickness for all damage. Oviposition pits and exit holes were neither randomly nor evenly distributed within tree canopies; however, the distribution of available habitat (ie stem space within the canopy) seemed to drive most of the distribution, and the presence of damage was biased toward larger/taller trees. These results suggest some preference in egg placement with regard to canopy height, stem diameter, and bark thickness within canopies, but the responses are subtle and may have limited utility in guiding visual surveys.","PeriodicalId":11751,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pest ManagementBehavior of wireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae) exposed to wheat seed treated with novel (broflanilide, isocycloseram) and previously registered insecticides in a soil bioassay. 在土壤生物测定中，用新型（溴氟醚、异环醚）和先前登记的杀虫剂处理小麦种子后，线虫（鞘翅目：鞘翅科）的行为。

IF 1.5 3区农林科学

Environmental Entomology Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvaf082

Willem G van Herk, Robert S Vernon, Bobbi Vojtko, Shelby Snow, Andrea Chee, Amber Burnett

{"title":"Pest ManagementBehavior of wireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae) exposed to wheat seed treated with novel (broflanilide, isocycloseram) and previously registered insecticides in a soil bioassay.","authors":"Willem G van Herk, Robert S Vernon, Bobbi Vojtko, Shelby Snow, Andrea Chee, Amber Burnett","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvaf082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaf082","url":null,"abstract":"Following the de-registration of lindane as a cereal crop seed treatment for wireworm control in North America, most of the research efforts to find replacements have focused on neonicotinoid, diamide, pyrethroid, phenyl pyrazole, and most recently, meta-diamide and isoxazoline insecticide classes. Although insecticides within these classes have been shown to provide cereal crop protection from wireworm damage, not all insecticides will significantly reduce wireworm populations in the field. To investigate this, we exposed wireworms (Agriotes obscurus L. and Agriotes lineatus L.) to wheat seeds treated with insecticides in the above insecticide classes in soil bioassays in the lab, with a focus on the newly developed meta-diamide broflanilide and the isoxazoline isocycloseram. Various wireworm behaviors (eg repellency) were observed in soil window studies for 3 h, and symptoms of toxicity were recorded upon wireworm removal at 24 h and again at 7 d. No repellency was recorded from seed treated with broflanilide, isocycloseram, thiamethoxam (neonicotinoid), cyantraniliprole (diamide), and fipronil (phenyl pyrazole), but moderate repellency occurred with the pyrethroid λ-cyhalothrin. After 24 h exposure, thiamethoxam, cyantraniliprole, and λ-cyhalothrin treatments had elicited only minor morbidity symptoms, which had mostly disappeared after 7 d. Broflanilide, isocycloseram, and fipronil treatments, however, progressed from initial minor morbidity symptoms to more irreversible morbidity symptoms after 7 d. These data and earlier lab and field trials explain why field populations of wireworms are reduced by broflanilide, isocycloseram, and fipronil treatments relative to neonicotinoid, diamide, and pyrethroid insecticides.","PeriodicalId":11751,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epizootiology of infections by Batkoa major (Entomophthorales: Batkoaceae) and Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) in spotted lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) populations. 斑点灯蝇（半翅目：灯蝇科）种群中大蝙蝠蝇和球孢白僵菌感染的流行病学研究。

IF 1.5 3区农林科学

Environmental Entomology Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvaf091

Eric H Clifton, Saskya D van Nouhuys, David C Harris, Ann E Hajek

{"title":"Epizootiology of infections by Batkoa major (Entomophthorales: Batkoaceae) and Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) in spotted lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) populations.","authors":"Eric H Clifton, Saskya D van Nouhuys, David C Harris, Ann E Hajek","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvaf091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaf091","url":null,"abstract":"The planthopper Lycorma delicatula (White) (spotted lanternfly; SLF) was introduced to North America from Asia. It was first found in southeastern Pennsylvania in 2014 and now, a decade later, has increased in abundance and spread into 18 eastern US states. To study naturally occurring fungal pathogens infecting SLF, eastern Pennsylvania sites were sampled every 1 to 2 wk in 2020 and 2021 during the adult life stage of L. delicatula to detect prevalence of infections by the fungi Batkoa major (Thaxt.) Humber (Entomophthorales: Batkoaceae) and Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae). To sample, living adult SLF were collected and reared and cause of death was diagnosed. In 2020, at the site hosting a co-epizootic of these 2 generalist pathogens in 2018, an epizootic caused by B. major was documented from 30 September to 21 October. Low levels of infection by both pathogens were detected at an additional 2020 site and both 2021 sites. Overall, there was a negative association of B. major infection with SLF density and no association with density for B. bassiana. Co-infections in individual SLF by both fungi were never documented, and there was an inverse relationship between prevalence of B. major and B. bassiana infections in the sampled populations. At the time that SLF for rearing were sampled, adult cadavers were also sampled. For B. major, infection rates of sampled cadavers and reared individuals were positively correlated, but higher infection rates were observed in cadavers than among reared SLF. For B. bassiana, no such pattern occurred.","PeriodicalId":11751,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Linking crop history to Melanotus communis (Coleoptera: Elateridae) abundance in North Carolina and Virginia agroecosystems. 北卡罗莱纳和维吉尼亚州农业生态系统中黑腹虫（鞘翅目：白蛉科）丰度与作物历史的关联。

IF 1.5 3区农林科学

Environmental Entomology Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvaf092

Emma Schoeppner, Thomas P Kuhar, Hélène Doughty, Livy Williams Iii, Jocelyn G Millar, Anders Huseth

{"title":"Linking crop history to Melanotus communis (Coleoptera: Elateridae) abundance in North Carolina and Virginia agroecosystems.","authors":"Emma Schoeppner, Thomas P Kuhar, Hélène Doughty, Livy Williams Iii, Jocelyn G Millar, Anders Huseth","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvaf092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaf092","url":null,"abstract":"Melanotus communis Gyllenhal (Coleoptera: Elateridae) is a significant wireworm pest of potato and sweetpotato in the southeastern United States. However, the impact of habitat proximity to surrounding crop fields on M. communis abundance remains unclear in this system. More refined risk assessment models to forecast populations as they relate to land use will aid in determining where fields are most vulnerable to damage, enabling more precise management interventions. Between 2022 and 2024, traps baited with M. communis sex pheromone were used to monitor adult male activity for ∼10 wk across 41 locations in North Carolina and Virginia. We combined trap data with remotely sensed land use data to correlate M. communis adult activity to surrounding habitats. The dependent variable used in models was overall mean abundance per location. Abundance was positively associated with the average proportional area of corn over 5 yr. These results are consistent with prior field-scale studies that showed that corn is a preferred host. Model estimates were expanded to understand the frequency of corn surrounding 2,884 potato or sweetpotato fields in 2024. Results showed clear spatial structuring of potato or sweetpotato fields that include corn as an abundant land use type over the prior 5 yr. This study provides a methods framework for expanding traditional landscape studies to communicate infestation risk over broad regions.","PeriodicalId":11751,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bactericera maculipennis (Hemiptera: Triozidae) is a vector of "Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum" to species within the Convolvulaceae (Solanales). macullipenisbactericera macullipenis（半翅目：Triozidae科）是牵牛花科（solanacearum）病原菌的载体。

IF 1.5 3区农林科学

Environmental Entomology Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvaf088

William Rodney Cooper, Bonnie Ohler, Erik J Wenninger, Jennifer Dahan, Alexander V Karasev, Andy S Jensen, Carrie H Wohleb, Timothy Waters, Jaimie R Kenney, Kerry E Mauck, David R Horton

{"title":"Bactericera maculipennis (Hemiptera: Triozidae) is a vector of \"Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum\" to species within the Convolvulaceae (Solanales).","authors":"William Rodney Cooper, Bonnie Ohler, Erik J Wenninger, Jennifer Dahan, Alexander V Karasev, Andy S Jensen, Carrie H Wohleb, Timothy Waters, Jaimie R Kenney, Kerry E Mauck, David R Horton","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvaf088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaf088","url":null,"abstract":"Bactericera maculipennis (Crawford) and Bactericera cockerelli (Šulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae) share hosts within the Solanaceae and Convolvulaceae (Solanales), and both are associated with \"Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum\" (Lso). Lso, transmitted by B. cockerelli, causes diseases in solanaceous crops including zebra chip disease of potato. Up to 50% of B. maculipennis adults also harbor Lso, but transmission of Lso to plants by this psyllid has not been confirmed yet. The only documented field host of B. maculipennis in the Pacific Northwest is Convolvulus arvensis L. (Convolvulaceae) but diagnostic methods fail to detect Lso in leaves of this plant. It is therefore unclear how Lso persists within B. maculipennis populations. We surveyed species of Convolvulaceae and Solanaceae for B. maculipennis and report a widespread association between B. maculipennis and Lso throughout the western United States. Diagnostic polymerase chain reaction failed to detect Lso from leaves of C. arvensis yet readily detected Lso from stems where B. maculipennis nymphs tend to feed. Bactericera maculipennis transmitted Lso to species of Convolvulaceae in greenhouse experiments, confirming vector competency. We report high rates of Lso infection in populations of both B. maculipennis and B. cockerelli occurring on C. arvensis, but occurrence of B. cockerelli on C. arvensis was limited to autumn months only and with very low populations. Results suggest C. arvensis is a non-crop reservoir of Lso but do not suggest that B. maculipennis is a direct threat to solanaceous crops or that C. arvensis is a major source of Lso-infected B. cockerelli colonizing potato fields.","PeriodicalId":11751,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145124430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Feed-through insecticides for pest fly management on beef cattle pastures: impacts on dung-inhabiting Coleoptera. 肉牛牧场喂入式杀虫剂对蝇类的影响。

IF 1.5 3区农林科学

Environmental Entomology Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvaf089

Kenneth Wise, Bryony Sands, Hannah Tolz

{"title":"Feed-through insecticides for pest fly management on beef cattle pastures: impacts on dung-inhabiting Coleoptera.","authors":"Kenneth Wise, Bryony Sands, Hannah Tolz","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvaf089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaf089","url":null,"abstract":"Dung-breeding flies of pastured cattle have substantial economic impacts on livestock production. To prevent losses, many producers use insecticidal fly treatments which have off-target impacts on beneficial pasture insects such as coprophagous and predatory dung-inhabiting beetles. These insects suppress pasture pest fly populations either through resource competition or direct predation of fly eggs and larvae in the dung. Feed-through insecticides such as insect growth regulators (IGRs) are thought to have fewer harmful off-target impacts because they target immature fly stages in the dung. However, impacts on the larval development of dung beetles are not well understood. The aim of this study was to analyze dung beetle and pest fly populations on grazing beef farms using feed-through insecticides for pest fly management. Between May and September in 2022 and 2024, populations of horn flies, face flies, and stable flies were counted on cattle, and dung-inhabiting Coleoptera populations were surveyed on pastures. The abundance and diversity of dung beetles (Scarabaeidae: Onthophagus and Aphodius spp.) and the abundance of predatory dung insects (Hydrophilidae and Staphylinidae) were significantly lower on farms using feed-through insecticides compared to farms not treating. Horn fly populations rarely exceeded economic thresholds without the use of feed-through insecticides, implying treatment was unnecessary. Face fly populations mostly exceeded economic thresholds even on farms using feed-through insecticides-indicating treatments were not adequately controlling their populations. The use of feed-through insecticides over the whole season is therefore not an integrated approach to controlling flies on pastures and puts other beneficial organisms in the pasture agroecosystem at risk.","PeriodicalId":11751,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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