{"title":"肉牛牧场喂入式杀虫剂对蝇类的影响。","authors":"Kenneth Wise, Bryony Sands, Hannah Tolz","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvaf089","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dung-breeding flies of pastured cattle have substantial economic impacts on livestock production. To prevent losses, many producers use insecticidal fly treatments which have off-target impacts on beneficial pasture insects such as coprophagous and predatory dung-inhabiting beetles. These insects suppress pasture pest fly populations either through resource competition or direct predation of fly eggs and larvae in the dung. Feed-through insecticides such as insect growth regulators (IGRs) are thought to have fewer harmful off-target impacts because they target immature fly stages in the dung. However, impacts on the larval development of dung beetles are not well understood. The aim of this study was to analyze dung beetle and pest fly populations on grazing beef farms using feed-through insecticides for pest fly management. Between May and September in 2022 and 2024, populations of horn flies, face flies, and stable flies were counted on cattle, and dung-inhabiting Coleoptera populations were surveyed on pastures. The abundance and diversity of dung beetles (Scarabaeidae: Onthophagus and Aphodius spp.) and the abundance of predatory dung insects (Hydrophilidae and Staphylinidae) were significantly lower on farms using feed-through insecticides compared to farms not treating. Horn fly populations rarely exceeded economic thresholds without the use of feed-through insecticides, implying treatment was unnecessary. Face fly populations mostly exceeded economic thresholds even on farms using feed-through insecticides-indicating treatments were not adequately controlling their populations. The use of feed-through insecticides over the whole season is therefore not an integrated approach to controlling flies on pastures and puts other beneficial organisms in the pasture agroecosystem at risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":11751,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Feed-through insecticides for pest fly management on beef cattle pastures: impacts on dung-inhabiting Coleoptera.\",\"authors\":\"Kenneth Wise, Bryony Sands, Hannah Tolz\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/ee/nvaf089\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Dung-breeding flies of pastured cattle have substantial economic impacts on livestock production. To prevent losses, many producers use insecticidal fly treatments which have off-target impacts on beneficial pasture insects such as coprophagous and predatory dung-inhabiting beetles. These insects suppress pasture pest fly populations either through resource competition or direct predation of fly eggs and larvae in the dung. Feed-through insecticides such as insect growth regulators (IGRs) are thought to have fewer harmful off-target impacts because they target immature fly stages in the dung. However, impacts on the larval development of dung beetles are not well understood. The aim of this study was to analyze dung beetle and pest fly populations on grazing beef farms using feed-through insecticides for pest fly management. Between May and September in 2022 and 2024, populations of horn flies, face flies, and stable flies were counted on cattle, and dung-inhabiting Coleoptera populations were surveyed on pastures. The abundance and diversity of dung beetles (Scarabaeidae: Onthophagus and Aphodius spp.) and the abundance of predatory dung insects (Hydrophilidae and Staphylinidae) were significantly lower on farms using feed-through insecticides compared to farms not treating. Horn fly populations rarely exceeded economic thresholds without the use of feed-through insecticides, implying treatment was unnecessary. Face fly populations mostly exceeded economic thresholds even on farms using feed-through insecticides-indicating treatments were not adequately controlling their populations. The use of feed-through insecticides over the whole season is therefore not an integrated approach to controlling flies on pastures and puts other beneficial organisms in the pasture agroecosystem at risk.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":11751,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Environmental Entomology\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-18\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Environmental Entomology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaf089\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ENTOMOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Environmental Entomology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaf089","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENTOMOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Feed-through insecticides for pest fly management on beef cattle pastures: impacts on dung-inhabiting Coleoptera.
Dung-breeding flies of pastured cattle have substantial economic impacts on livestock production. To prevent losses, many producers use insecticidal fly treatments which have off-target impacts on beneficial pasture insects such as coprophagous and predatory dung-inhabiting beetles. These insects suppress pasture pest fly populations either through resource competition or direct predation of fly eggs and larvae in the dung. Feed-through insecticides such as insect growth regulators (IGRs) are thought to have fewer harmful off-target impacts because they target immature fly stages in the dung. However, impacts on the larval development of dung beetles are not well understood. The aim of this study was to analyze dung beetle and pest fly populations on grazing beef farms using feed-through insecticides for pest fly management. Between May and September in 2022 and 2024, populations of horn flies, face flies, and stable flies were counted on cattle, and dung-inhabiting Coleoptera populations were surveyed on pastures. The abundance and diversity of dung beetles (Scarabaeidae: Onthophagus and Aphodius spp.) and the abundance of predatory dung insects (Hydrophilidae and Staphylinidae) were significantly lower on farms using feed-through insecticides compared to farms not treating. Horn fly populations rarely exceeded economic thresholds without the use of feed-through insecticides, implying treatment was unnecessary. Face fly populations mostly exceeded economic thresholds even on farms using feed-through insecticides-indicating treatments were not adequately controlling their populations. The use of feed-through insecticides over the whole season is therefore not an integrated approach to controlling flies on pastures and puts other beneficial organisms in the pasture agroecosystem at risk.
期刊介绍:
Environmental Entomology is published bimonthly in February, April, June, August, October, and December. The journal publishes reports on the interaction of insects with the biological, chemical, and physical aspects of their environment. In addition to research papers, Environmental Entomology publishes Reviews, interpretive articles in a Forum section, and Letters to the Editor.