Feed-through insecticides for pest fly management on beef cattle pastures: impacts on dung-inhabiting Coleoptera.

IF 1.5 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY
Kenneth Wise, Bryony Sands, Hannah Tolz
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Dung-breeding flies of pastured cattle have substantial economic impacts on livestock production. To prevent losses, many producers use insecticidal fly treatments which have off-target impacts on beneficial pasture insects such as coprophagous and predatory dung-inhabiting beetles. These insects suppress pasture pest fly populations either through resource competition or direct predation of fly eggs and larvae in the dung. Feed-through insecticides such as insect growth regulators (IGRs) are thought to have fewer harmful off-target impacts because they target immature fly stages in the dung. However, impacts on the larval development of dung beetles are not well understood. The aim of this study was to analyze dung beetle and pest fly populations on grazing beef farms using feed-through insecticides for pest fly management. Between May and September in 2022 and 2024, populations of horn flies, face flies, and stable flies were counted on cattle, and dung-inhabiting Coleoptera populations were surveyed on pastures. The abundance and diversity of dung beetles (Scarabaeidae: Onthophagus and Aphodius spp.) and the abundance of predatory dung insects (Hydrophilidae and Staphylinidae) were significantly lower on farms using feed-through insecticides compared to farms not treating. Horn fly populations rarely exceeded economic thresholds without the use of feed-through insecticides, implying treatment was unnecessary. Face fly populations mostly exceeded economic thresholds even on farms using feed-through insecticides-indicating treatments were not adequately controlling their populations. The use of feed-through insecticides over the whole season is therefore not an integrated approach to controlling flies on pastures and puts other beneficial organisms in the pasture agroecosystem at risk.

肉牛牧场喂入式杀虫剂对蝇类的影响。
放牧牛粪蝇对畜牧业生产具有重大的经济影响。为了防止损失,许多生产者使用杀虫苍蝇处理,这对有益的牧场昆虫,如食粪和捕食粪便的甲虫有脱靶影响。这些昆虫通过资源竞争或直接捕食粪便中的蝇卵和幼虫来抑制牧场害虫蝇种群。昆虫生长调节剂(IGRs)等直食杀虫剂被认为具有较少的有害脱靶影响,因为它们针对的是粪便中的未成熟苍蝇阶段。然而,对屎壳郎幼虫发育的影响尚不清楚。本研究的目的是分析使用透饲式杀虫剂进行虫蝇管理的放牧牛场的屎壳郎和虫蝇种群。在2022 ~ 2024年5 ~ 9月期间,对牛身上的角蝇、面蝇和稳定蝇种群进行了统计,并对牧场粪栖鞘翅目种群进行了调查。使用透饲式杀虫剂的养殖场的屎壳虫(金龟甲科:食甲科和食蚜科)和掠食性屎壳虫(亲水科和葡蚜科)的丰度和多样性显著低于未使用透饲式杀虫剂的养殖场。如果不使用取食式杀虫剂,角蝇种群很少超过经济阈值,这意味着没有必要进行治疗。面蝇种群数量多数超过经济阈值,即使在使用饲料式杀虫剂的农场也是如此,这表明处理措施未能充分控制其种群数量。因此,在整个季节使用饲料式杀虫剂不是控制牧场苍蝇的综合方法,并使牧场农业生态系统中的其他有益生物处于危险之中。
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来源期刊
Environmental Entomology
Environmental Entomology 生物-昆虫学
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
5.90%
发文量
97
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Environmental Entomology is published bimonthly in February, April, June, August, October, and December. The journal publishes reports on the interaction of insects with the biological, chemical, and physical aspects of their environment. In addition to research papers, Environmental Entomology publishes Reviews, interpretive articles in a Forum section, and Letters to the Editor.
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