Entomological Science最新文献_第4页

Larval instar estimation and ultra-structural analysis of Aphaenogaster cristata (Forel, 1902) and Aphaenogaster pachei (Forel, 1906) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Himalayas 喜玛拉雅地区蜂蛹(Aphaenogaster cristata, Forel, 1902)和蜂蛹(Aphaenogaster pachei, Forel, 1906)幼虫龄期估算及超微结构分析

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Entomological Science Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.1111/ens.12563

Himender Bharti, Jaspreet Kaur, Eduardo G. P. Fox, Meenakshi Bharti

{"title":"Larval instar estimation and ultra-structural analysis of Aphaenogaster cristata (Forel, 1902) and Aphaenogaster pachei (Forel, 1906) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Himalayas","authors":"Himender Bharti, Jaspreet Kaur, Eduardo G. P. Fox, Meenakshi Bharti","doi":"10.1111/ens.12563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ens.12563","url":null,"abstract":"The ontogeny of an organism provides fundamental insights into its life history and evolutionary background. Among insects, especially ants, relatively few observations have been formalized about the morphology of immature stages. Using light and scanning electron microscopy, this study presents the first description of the different larval instars of Aphaenogaster cristata (Forel, 1902) and Aphaenogaster pachei (Forel, 1906), species endemic to the Himalayas that predominate in areas where cold temperature stress and disturbances limit the presence of other ants. The existence of four larval instars was estimated based on the frequency distribution of their measured maximum head widths. We observed discrete alterations in the body constitution and parts among the different instars, suggesting they must follow similar habits until pupation. The two species, however, present noticeable particularities in their mandibles and hair types, suggesting intrinsic life adaptations. Observed traits complementary with previous descriptions with larvae of the genus and related taxa are suggestive of considerable evolutionary distance from Messor, considered the sister clade, which merits further taxonomic investigation in future studies.","PeriodicalId":11745,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Science","volume":"26 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138432360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Temporal and spatial patterns of foraging in two syntopic ant species, Manica yessensis and Formica lemani, on Mount Fuji, Japan 日本富士山两种同位蚁种yessensis和Formica lemani的觅食时空格局

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Entomological Science Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.1111/ens.12562

Keiichi Masuko

{"title":"Temporal and spatial patterns of foraging in two syntopic ant species, Manica yessensis and Formica lemani, on Mount Fuji, Japan","authors":"Keiichi Masuko","doi":"10.1111/ens.12562","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ens.12562","url":null,"abstract":"Spatiotemporal characteristics of terrestrial foraging were studied in two ant species, Manica yessensis and Formica lemani, in a volcanic desert on the southeast slope of Mount Fuji, Gotenba, Japan. Both ants are common in this habitat, and they construct underground nests in this dry area with sparse vegetation. Nests of M. yessensis have multiple nest-openings on the surface, whereas nests of F. lemani have very few openings, but their nesting and foraging areas overlap completely. A “mark-and-observe” method applied to M. yessensis demonstrated that worker ants of this species move between openings more than 3 m away. A study plot (6 m × 12 m quadrat) was set up, in which all nest-openings of both species were mapped. Day-long observations on numbers of foragers in this plot revealed that foraging M. yessensis are active in morning and evening, while F. lemani continues foraging all day, but both species cease activity at night. Associations between locations of foragers and nest-openings differed significantly between the two species, that is, surface foraging of M. yessensis workers was largely confined to the vicinity of their nest-openings, whereas foragers of F. lemani travelled far from their nest-openings. The function of multiple nest-openings in M. yessensis is discussed.","PeriodicalId":11745,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Science","volume":"26 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ens.12562","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135316353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oviposition preference for spherical surfaces is shared among multiple Drosophila species except D. melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae) 除了黑腹果蝇（Diptera：Drosophilidae）外，多种果蝇都有对球形表面的产卵偏好

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Entomological Science Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.1111/ens.12560

Junichi Akutsu, Takashi Matsuo

{"title":"Oviposition preference for spherical surfaces is shared among multiple Drosophila species except D. melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae)","authors":"Junichi Akutsu, Takashi Matsuo","doi":"10.1111/ens.12560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ens.12560","url":null,"abstract":"Oviposition preference for spherical substrates has been reported in some insects but not in Drosophila species until the recent finding that Drosophila suzukii preferentially lays eggs on spherical surfaces with a smaller radius, whereas D. melanogaster does not. This finding raised two questions: (i) Was this trait specifically acquired in D. suzukii or lost in D. melanogaster? (ii) In the latter case, is it due to the long-term laboratory culture using oviposition substrates with flat surfaces? To answer these questions, we examined the oviposition preference of three Drosophila species using the stocks recently established from wild individuals. As with D. suzukii, D. simulans and D. takahashii showed significant preference for spherical surfaces with a smaller radius, suggesting that this trait is shared by multiple Drosophila species. In contrast, D. melanogaster did not show any preference for either smaller or larger radii, showing that the preference already has been lost in the natural population of D. melanogaster. It may be possible that the loss of oviposition preference for spherical surfaces is involved in the evolutionary process of D. melanogaster becoming a human commensal.","PeriodicalId":11745,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Science","volume":"26 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ens.12560","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50122391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First record of Adelges (Cholodkovskya) viridanus (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) in North America, with a description of the fundatrix form in Japan 北美洲首次记录的绿色阿氏蛛（半翅目：阿氏蛛科），并对日本的基部形态进行了描述

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Entomological Science Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.1111/ens.12561

Nathan P. Havill, Shigehiko Shiyake, Deanna Zembrzuski, Robert G. Foottit, Bryan M. T. Brunet

引用次数: 0

The ant Lasius niger shows no relationship between task efficiency and body size variation among workers 黑蚁在作业效率和作业人员体型变化之间没有关系

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Entomological Science Pub Date : 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.1111/ens.12549

Mateusz Okrutniak, Irena M. Grześ, Anna K. Kucharska, Filip Turza, Małgorzata Zimocha, Sabrina Kerdiane, Patryk Jabłoński

{"title":"The ant Lasius niger shows no relationship between task efficiency and body size variation among workers","authors":"Mateusz Okrutniak, Irena M. Grześ, Anna K. Kucharska, Filip Turza, Małgorzata Zimocha, Sabrina Kerdiane, Patryk Jabłoński","doi":"10.1111/ens.12549","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ens.12549","url":null,"abstract":"In ants, workers of different sizes may perform various tasks, even in so-called monomorphic species with relatively low body size variation. However, it is unclear if the body size diversity of monomorphic workers correlates with task efficiency, especially in stressful contingencies. Here we tested if the body size variation of workers corresponds with its efficiency in transferring pupae. Transferring brood is a pre-set behavioral response to stress, e.g. suboptimal temperature. Here we applied a laboratory experiment simulating nest damage. The study was performed on the common garden ant (Lasius niger (Linnaeus, 1758)) – a species with no distinct worker subcastes. The efficiency of workers was measured as the latency of transferring pupae from a lit part of the experimental colony to a darkened part, while the body size diversity was expressed as the within-colony coefficient of variation in head width. We did not find any significant correlation between efficiency and body size variation. Summarizing the existing studies and the present results, we propose the hypothesis that the body size diversity of L. niger may have implications for workers’ division of labor but not for their task efficiency in a stressful contingency.","PeriodicalId":11745,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Science","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43533765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Pupal warning color development in above-ground pupating species but cryptic color in ground-surface pupating species of the nine-spotted diurnal moths (Erebidae: Arctiinae: Syntomini) 九斑日行蛾的地上化蛹种类的蛹色发育为警告色，而地面化蛹种类的蛹色发育为隐色。

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Entomological Science Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1111/ens.12559

Makoto Tsubuki, Hidemori Yazaki, Fumio Hayashi

{"title":"Pupal warning color development in above-ground pupating species but cryptic color in ground-surface pupating species of the nine-spotted diurnal moths (Erebidae: Arctiinae: Syntomini)","authors":"Makoto Tsubuki, Hidemori Yazaki, Fumio Hayashi","doi":"10.1111/ens.12559","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ens.12559","url":null,"abstract":"Insects usually have cryptic colors to avoid detection by visually hunting predators. However, if the insects acquire toxic or repellent substances against predators, some of them develop conspicuous coloration to exhibit their unpalatability. Such warning colors allow insects to survive. In the nine-spotted diurnal moths (Erebidae: Arctiinae: Syntomini), we found the above-ground pupating species to have conspicuous colored pupae, but the ground-surface pupating species to have cryptic colored pupae. In this study, the relationships between unpalatability and coloration of these pupae are examined among three species of Amata and one species of Syntomoides. Pupae of the two species (A. germana and A. flava) are conspicuous in their color pattern with seven black dotted lines longitudinally on their pale-yellow bodies. These pupae are exposed to the aerial predators in a coarse silk mesh hanging from leaves and/or branches. The other two species (A. fortunei and S. imaon) pupate in spaces under stones, fallen twigs and leaves on the ground surface, and the pupae in a coarse silk cocoon is cryptic dark brown. Their pupation site selections are reproduced in the rearing glass vessels. Palatability assessment using lizards as a potential predator suggests that pupae of A. germana, A. flava and A. fortunei are unpalatable and the lizard's feeding response decreases with experience. However, pupae of S. imaon are all eaten (palatable). Finally, the possible evolutionary scenario of pupal colors of these four species is discussed in relation to pupation site selection and palatability.","PeriodicalId":11745,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Science","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42866256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First observation of Lethocerus cordofanus (Hemiptera: Belostomatidae) preying on Afronycteris nana (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) cordofanelethocus(半翅目:Belostomatidae)捕食afronyteris nana(翼翅目:vespertionididae)的首次观察

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Entomological Science Pub Date : 2023-07-18 DOI: 10.1111/ens.12558

Kelvin Chen, Mark Massaad, Ricardo De Lima, Ana Rainho, Ricardo Rocha

引用次数: 0

Possible Batesian mimicry to sexually different models in the tussock moth Numenes albofascia with a great sexual color dimorphism 柞蚕Numenes albofascia性别差异模型的可能Batesian拟态

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Entomological Science Pub Date : 2023-07-06 DOI: 10.1111/ens.12557

Hidemori Yazaki, Fumio Hayashi

{"title":"Possible Batesian mimicry to sexually different models in the tussock moth Numenes albofascia with a great sexual color dimorphism","authors":"Hidemori Yazaki, Fumio Hayashi","doi":"10.1111/ens.12557","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ens.12557","url":null,"abstract":"Mimicry with warning colors includes Batesian and Müllerian mimicries. If we divide mimicry by sex, there are theoretically four types of mimicry: unimodal, female-limited, male-limited and dual mimicry. The latter three cases cause sexual dimorphism in body color and marking pattern but are rarely reported. In this study, we show that the tussock moth Numenes albofascia is possibly a dual mimic. The wing color and marking pattern of male and female N. albofascia are completely different, with the male's pattern resembling that of the smoky moth Pidorus atratus, while the female pattern resembles that of the tiger moth Arctia caja. Body size also differs greatly between the sexes of N. albofascia, matching the mimicry model species of each sex. These moths are distributed sympatrically in Japan, and their adult seasons overlap with each other. According to lizard feeding experiments, N. albofascia is palatable, while both male and female model species are unpalatable. Actograms in the laboratory and the light trapping in the field suggest that females of N. albofascia fly actively from sunset to midnight, while males fly during the twilight period around dawn. Therefore, male and female N. albofascia might be Batesian mimics of diurnally active P. atratus and nocturnally active A. caja, respectively, and the great sexual dimorphism of this moth could be caused by dual mimicry.","PeriodicalId":11745,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Science","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42454950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Invasive diatom, Cymbella janischii adhering on body surface of native aquatic beetles, Grouvellinus nitidus (Elmidae) and Ectopria opaca (Psephenidae) in Japan 日本本土水生甲虫、Grouvellinus nitidus（Elmidae）和Ectopria opaca（Psephenidae）体表附着的入侵硅藻

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Entomological Science Pub Date : 2023-07-06 DOI: 10.1111/ens.12556

Masakazu Hayashi

引用次数: 0

Protective function of maternal care against egg predators in the shield bug Sastragala esakii (Hemiptera: Acanthosomatidae) 盾蝽母性护理对捕食者的保护作用(半翅目:棘虫科)

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Entomological Science Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.1111/ens.12555

Kou Nishimura, Shin-ichi Kudo, Takahiro Hosokawa

{"title":"Protective function of maternal care against egg predators in the shield bug Sastragala esakii (Hemiptera: Acanthosomatidae)","authors":"Kou Nishimura, Shin-ichi Kudo, Takahiro Hosokawa","doi":"10.1111/ens.12555","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ens.12555","url":null,"abstract":"Females of many acanthosomatid shield bugs attend eggs and young nymphs by covering them with their bodies. Although such form of maternal care has been suggested to have evolved independently in four genera, Elasmucha, Sastragala, Acanthosoma and Sinopla, previous studies exploring its adaptive function have solely focused on species of Elasmucha. This study pioneered an experimental examination of maternal care in the Japanese species Sastragala esakii. Field experiments demonstrated that unattended egg masses suffered intense predation, whereas egg masses attended by their mothers were rarely preyed upon. The ant Crematogaster sp. was the most common egg predator, while two other insect species were also observed to prey on eggs. The exclusion of ant workers and other walking predators from accessing egg masses through the utilization of a sticky trap resulted in a remarkably improved egg survival rate in orphaned egg masses, suggesting that, at least in our study site, maternal care of S. esakii primarily functions to protect eggs from walking predators. Laboratory observations revealed that egg protection against predators was achieved through at least two distinctive defensive behaviors shown by egg-tending females: (i) tilting their bodies when approached by predators; and (ii) fanning their wings when in contact with predators. However, females displayed a limited response to predators approaching from the posterior direction, suggesting that visual cues play a significant role in predator recognition. These results indicate a similarity in the maternal care functions between Elasmucha and Sastragala, and suggest the parallel evolution of female defensive behaviors.","PeriodicalId":11745,"journal":{"name":"Entomological Science","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46066013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0