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Investigating a method for macroscale energy extraction from random electrons movement 研究从随机电子运动中提取宏观能量的方法
IF 1.8 4区 物理与天体物理
EPL Pub Date : 2023-12-05 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad12a0
M. Peivandi, R. Kouhikamali
{"title":"Investigating a method for macroscale energy extraction from random electrons movement","authors":"M. Peivandi, R. Kouhikamali","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/ad12a0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ad12a0","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> This paper aims to investigate a novel method for regularizing the random movements of electrons, in order to generate net movement and extract energy from the resulting electromotive force. The proposed method involves designing anisotropic conditions, focusing on exploring the effects of surface roughness on a metal wire in a two-dimensional space with the presence of a magnetic field. This paper presents a mathematical model for studying the proposed method. Furthermore, simulation results are analyzed and discussed in the context of the proposed method. By investigating the effects of surface roughness on electrons movement and voltage generation, this paper aims to contribute to the development of new methods for energy extraction from random electrons movement.","PeriodicalId":11738,"journal":{"name":"EPL","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140054112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Detection of Hofmeister effects at a single-molecule level 在单分子水平检测霍夫迈斯特效应
IF 1.8 4区 物理与天体物理
EPL Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad121b
Guangzhou Qu, Ting Liang, Yuyu Feng, Jiaen Li, Zhouhui Deng, Hu Chen, Yanhui Liu
{"title":"Detection of Hofmeister effects at a single-molecule level","authors":"Guangzhou Qu, Ting Liang, Yuyu Feng, Jiaen Li, Zhouhui Deng, Hu Chen, Yanhui Liu","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/ad121b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ad121b","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> Metal cations are essential for the function of nucleic acids. Given their efficiency for DNA overwinding and the DNA hairpin folding/unfolding process coupled with DNA twist, we systematically investigated the effects of cation identities and increasing concentrations of NaCl, KCl, and LiCl from 50 mM to 300 mM on the folding/unfolding process by manipulating a DNA hairpin construct with magnetic tweezers. The critical forces and free energy of the unfolding transition of the DNA hairpin at a fixed concentration of KCl, NaCl, and LiCl followed the same ranking as <jats:inline-formula> <jats:tex-math><?CDATA $text{K}^{+}<{}text{Na}^{+}<{}text{Li}^{+}$ ?></jats:tex-math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"epl23100734ieqn1.gif\" xlink:type=\"simple\" /> </jats:inline-formula>, and are reversed with the unfolding rate ranking of <jats:inline-formula> <jats:tex-math><?CDATA $text{K}^{+}>{}text{Na}^{+}>{}text{Li}^{+}$ ?></jats:tex-math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"epl23100734ieqn3.gif\" xlink:type=\"simple\" /> </jats:inline-formula>. This highlights that the addition of Li<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> in solution obviously enhances the stability of the DNA hairpin when compared to Na<jats:sup>+</jats:sup>, and K<jats:sup>+</jats:sup>, and their efficiency on the stability of the DNA hairpin was ranked as <jats:inline-formula> <jats:tex-math><?CDATA $text{K}^{+}<{}text{Na}^{+}<{}text{Li}^{+}$ ?></jats:tex-math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"epl23100734ieqn5.gif\" xlink:type=\"simple\" /> </jats:inline-formula>.","PeriodicalId":11738,"journal":{"name":"EPL","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140054361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comment on “Harmonic oscillator problem in the background of a topologically charged Ellis-Bronnikov–type wormhole” by Ahmed Faizuddin 就 Ahmed Faizuddin 的 "带拓扑电荷的埃利斯-布朗尼科夫型虫洞背景下的谐振子问题 "发表评论
IF 1.8 4区 物理与天体物理
EPL Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad121a
Francisco M. Fernández
{"title":"Comment on “Harmonic oscillator problem in the background of a topologically charged Ellis-Bronnikov–type wormhole” by Ahmed Faizuddin","authors":"Francisco M. Fernández","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/ad121a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ad121a","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11738,"journal":{"name":"EPL","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140054365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biosensor based on multiple metal layer-hole array 基于多金属层孔阵列的生物传感器
IF 1.8 4区 物理与天体物理
EPL Pub Date : 2023-12-02 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad11b5
Jindan Duan, Gang Song, Gaoyan Duan, Peilin Lang
{"title":"Biosensor based on multiple metal layer-hole array","authors":"Jindan Duan, Gang Song, Gaoyan Duan, Peilin Lang","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/ad11b5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ad11b5","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> We propose a biosensor which is sensitive to the refraction index (RI) of the tested liquid. The sensor is composed of a metal-insulator-metal structure based on periodic nanopore arrays, whose absorption spectrum exhibits a narrow peak at the resonant wavelength. The finite difference time domain method is used to simulate the proposed structure. The results show that there is a narrow resonant peak at the wavelength of 800 nm with RI of 1.33. By adding grooves on the lower metal layer, the maximum absorption rate increases to 99.7%. When RI varies in the range from 1.33 to 1.35, it can have a high sensitivity of 550 nm /RIU, a narrow half peak full width of 5.87 nm, and a figure of merit of 93.7. In addition, the absorption peak value also changes significantly with a sensitivity of 1845%/RIU, which can be used to measure the concentration of bovine serum albumin and other solutions to achieve biosensors.","PeriodicalId":11738,"journal":{"name":"EPL","volume":"203 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140054114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Multifractality and statistical localization in highly heterogeneous random networks 高度异构随机网络中的多分形和统计定位
IF 1.8 4区 物理与天体物理
EPL Pub Date : 2023-11-27 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad1001
Diego Tapias, Peter Sollich
{"title":"Multifractality and statistical localization in highly heterogeneous random networks","authors":"Diego Tapias, Peter Sollich","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/ad1001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ad1001","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> We consider highly heterogeneous random networks with symmetric interactions in the limit of high connectivity. A key feature of this system is that the spectral density of the corresponding ensemble exhibits a divergence within the bulk. We study the structure of the eigenvectors associated with this divergence and find that they are multifractal with the statistics of eigenvector elements matching those of the resolvent entries. The corresponding localization mechanism relies on the statistical properties of the nodes rather than on any spatial structure around a localization centre. This “statistical localization” mechanism is potentially relevant for explaining localization in different models that display singularities in the bulk of the spectrum of eigenvalues.","PeriodicalId":11738,"journal":{"name":"EPL","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140054410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Novel perturbation mechanism underlying the network fragility evolution 网络脆弱性演化的新扰动机制
4区 物理与天体物理
EPL Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad0c6e
Songan Hou, Denggui Fan, Qingyun Wang
{"title":"Novel perturbation mechanism underlying the network fragility evolution","authors":"Songan Hou, Denggui Fan, Qingyun Wang","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/ad0c6e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ad0c6e","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Studies have shown that fragility is an effective marker for seizures and seizure onset zone (SOZ). Through analysis and simulation of a probabilistic neural network under different inputs, the regularization mechanism of external input perturbations on the fragility is explored. It is theoretically found that the fragility of a perturbed node within seizure network is inversely associated with the received perturbation input, while the fragility of the other unperturbed nodes always oppositely changes with this perturbed node. By terming the node with high fragility as the fragile node (FN), it is interestingly shown that the FN would evolve to the node with the smallest input. Then, the network fragility is further investigated. Results show that the non-uniform perturbation inputs can more easily impact the network fragility. In addition, noise-induced variations of network connection can degrade the network fragility to some extent. Finally, the real data from patient with epilepsy has verified the universality of the above obtained findings. These results may provide possible insights into stimulation strategies for seizure control in clinic.","PeriodicalId":11738,"journal":{"name":"EPL","volume":"21 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134953896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Characterizing exceptional points using neural networks 用神经网络表征异常点
4区 物理与天体物理
EPL Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad0c6f
Md Afsar Reja, Awadhesh Narayan
{"title":"Characterizing exceptional points using neural networks","authors":"Md Afsar Reja, Awadhesh Narayan","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/ad0c6f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ad0c6f","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract One of the key features of non-Hermitian systems is the occurrence of exceptional points (EPs), spectral degeneracies where the eigenvalues and eigenvectors merge. In this work, we propose applying neural networks to characterize EPs by introducing a new feature -- summed phase rigidity (SPR). We consider different models with varying degrees of complexity to illustrate our approach, and show how to predict EPs for two-site and four-site gain and loss models. Further, we demonstrate an accurate EP prediction in the paradigmatic Hatano-Nelson model for a variable number of sites. Remarkably, we show how SPR enables a prediction of EPs of orders completely unseen by the training data. Our method can be useful to characterize EPs in an automated manner using machine learning approaches.","PeriodicalId":11738,"journal":{"name":"EPL","volume":"8 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Building a “trap model” of glassy dynamics from a local structural predictor of rearrangements 从重排的局部结构预测器建立玻璃动力学的“陷阱模型”
4区 物理与天体物理
EPL Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad0c70
Sean Alexander Ridout, Indrajit Tah, Andrea J. Liu
{"title":"Building a “trap model” of glassy dynamics from a local structural predictor of rearrangements","authors":"Sean Alexander Ridout, Indrajit Tah, Andrea J. Liu","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/ad0c70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ad0c70","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Here we introduce a variation of the trap model of glasses based on softness, a local structural variable identified by machine learning, in supercooled liquids. Softness is a particle- based quantity that reflects the local structural environment of a particle and characterizes the energy barrier for the particle to rearrange. As in the trap model, we treat each particle’s softness, and hence energy barrier, as evolving independently. We show that such a model reproduces many qualitative features of softness, and therefore makes qualitatively reasonable predictions of behaviors such as the dependence of fragility on density in a model supercooled liquid. We also show failures of this simple model, indicating features of the dynamics of softness that may only be explained by correlations.","PeriodicalId":11738,"journal":{"name":"EPL","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134953892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Potential photocell based on cobalt sulfide quantum dots and nano-graphene oxide for energy applications 基于硫化钴量子点和纳米氧化石墨烯的潜在光电池的能源应用
4区 物理与天体物理
EPL Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad0c71
Micheli de Souza Bernardes, Rafael Parada Savino, Renata Tamires Santos, Carlos Mateus Soares Silva, Carla Jeany Teixeira Silva, Jhonatan do Amparo Madureira, Fernanda Guerra Lima Medeiros Borsagli
{"title":"Potential photocell based on cobalt sulfide quantum dots and nano-graphene oxide for energy applications","authors":"Micheli de Souza Bernardes, Rafael Parada Savino, Renata Tamires Santos, Carlos Mateus Soares Silva, Carla Jeany Teixeira Silva, Jhonatan do Amparo Madureira, Fernanda Guerra Lima Medeiros Borsagli","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/ad0c71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ad0c71","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nowadays, the search to develop sustainable materials using materials from renewable sources is a great challenge. In this context, the present research evaluated producing new photocell system using ITO (In2O3/SnO2), nano-graphene oxide and cobalt sulphide quantum dots (CoS QD) for potential energy areas. Spectroscopies analysis (FTIR, Raman, UV Vis), X-ray diffraction, and morphological (SEM, TEM, BET) were used to characterize this system. The results showed that the CoS presented the size of 3 nm with a good electrical potential for application in energy areas, demonstrating a low-cost and environmentally friendly chemical route. In addition, the chemical groups stabilized the CoS QD was the carboxylates. Moreover, the photocell system was conducted well. Furthermore, the photocell production provided a potential application of these materials to renewable energy sources.&amp;#xD;","PeriodicalId":11738,"journal":{"name":"EPL","volume":"15 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Zeeman dependence of the quasiparticle scattering rate and ARPES in copper oxides and related materials 铜氧化物及相关材料中准粒子散射速率和ARPES的Zeeman依赖性
4区 物理与天体物理
EPL Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad0bc6
George Kastrinakis
{"title":"Zeeman dependence of the quasiparticle scattering rate and ARPES in copper oxides and related materials","authors":"George Kastrinakis","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/ad0bc6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ad0bc6","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Within a strongly interacting Fermi liquid framework, we calculate&amp;#xD;the effects of the Zeeman energy $omega_H$ for a finite magnetic field,&amp;#xD;in a metallic system with a van Hove peak in the density of states,&amp;#xD;located close to and below the Fermi surface. We find that the chemical&amp;#xD;potential increases with the square of $omega_H$. We obtain a characteristic&amp;#xD;quasiparticle scattering rate linear in the maximum of $omega_H$ and &amp;#xD;temperature, both in the normal and&amp;#xD;the d-wave superconducting state. We predict that ARPES experiments in copper&amp;#xD;oxides, and related compounds, should&amp;#xD;be able to elucidate this behavior of the scattering rate, and in particular,&amp;#xD;the difference between spin up and down electrons.","PeriodicalId":11738,"journal":{"name":"EPL","volume":"82 18","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135092090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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