ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.最新文献

{"title":"Use of Lignocellulosic Residues for Postharvest Conservation of the Production of the Edible Fungus Pleurotus Ostreatus","authors":"Jocelyne Maite Granizo Sarmiento, Paúl Marcelo Manobanda Pinto, Mabel Mariela Parada Rivera, Jaqueline Elizabeth Balseca Castro","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14454","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, agribusiness has grown rapidly to meet human needs but has simultaneously caused environmental pollution by the by-products that they originate without use. For this reason, this article evaluated the post-harvest conservation system for the production of the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus developed in lignocellulosic residues of cocoa (Theobroma cacao), guaba (Inga edulis), and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) from agro-industrial activities. During the evaluation, the disposition of the strain, inoculation in wheat grains, preparation of the substrate, cultivation and conservation were carried out. Likewise, the lignocellulosic characterization of the substrates and the bromatological characterization of the carpophores, for which the precocity, fresh weight of the fungus, production yield, efficiency, and analysis of the mushrooms in each treatment were considered. The evaluation of the conservation system by thermal processes by three combinations were designed using a completely randomized design based on ANOVA and 95% reliability criteria. The best treatment obtained was T2 (60% cocoa shell, 25% guaba shell, 15% quinoa stubble) with 380.69g of weight, 38.07% efficiency, and 70.08% yield. On the other hand, treatment T1 (40% cocoa shells, 30% guaba shells, and 30% quinoa stubble) had better protein content and precocity, being 16.80% for 10 days, respectively. Based on the conservation system, it was suggested that drying on the same substrate was more acceptable. Thus, the T2 treatment has better characteristics of profitability at industrial scales.
 Keywords: Pleurotus ostreatus, cocoa pod, guaba shell, quinoa stubble, biological efficiency.
 Resumen 
 Las últimas décadas la agroindustria ha crecido rápidamente para satisfacer las necesidades humanas, pero simultáneamente ha provocado contaminación ambiental por los subproductos que originan sin utilidad. Por tal razón este artículo evaluó el sistema de conservación post cosecha para la producción del hongo Pleurotus ostreatus desarrollado en residuos lignocelulósicos de cacao (Theobroma cacao), guaba (Inga edulis) y quinua (Chenopodium quinoa) provenientes de actividades agroindustriales. En la valoración se realizó la disposición de la cepa, inoculación en granos de trigo, preparación de sustrato, cultivo y conservación; asimismo la caracterización lignocelulósica de los sustratos y bromatológica de los carpóforos para lo cual se considera la precocidad, peso fresco del hongo, rendimiento de producción, eficiencia y análisis de las setas en cada tratamiento y además la evaluación del sistema de conservación por procesos térmicos por lo que se diseñaron tres combinaciones empleando un diseño completamente al azar en base a un ANOVA y criterios de confiabilidad del 95% obteniendo que el mejor tratamiento fue T2 (60% cáscara de cacao, 25% cáscara de guaba, 15% rastrojo de quinua) con 380,69g de peso, 38,07% de eficiencia, 70,08% de rendimiento; en cambio el tratami","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135291825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Productive Behavior of Pigs Fed with Pelled Feed Plus the Addition of a Microbial Preparation","authors":"L Mariño-Salazar, J Usca-Méndez, L Tello-Flores, L Flores-Mancheno","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14438","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract 
 This study aimed to assess the performance of pigs in terms of productivity when they were given pelleted feed along with microbial preparations at Paty Pig Farm in Yaruquies parish, Riobamba Canton, Chimborazo province. The duration of the study was 90 days and included 48 piglets of Yorkshire x Landrace crossbreed. These piglets were weaned at 21 days of age and weighed an average of 6.5 kg, with 24 males and 24 females. The study used three different levels (2%, 4%, and 6%) of microbial preparation in comparison to a control group. A completely randomized design (DCA) was used in combination with two factors: prebiotic addition (factor A) and animal gender (factor B). The productive behavior of pigs showed no significant differences in the parameters such as feed intake, total feed intake, and feed conversión, among the groups. However, the final weight and weight gain showed better results in the groups that received microbial preparation. The study suggested that microbial preparation levels of 2%, 4%, and 6% can be used as it improved the final weight and weight gain by 37.57 kg and 30.70 kg, respectively, compared to the control group. No mortality was reported due to the use of microbial preparation. The study recommends the use of microbial preparation in other stages of pig production to verify its benefits.
 Keywords: pig fattening, microbial preparation, pelletized feed, productive parameters.
 Resumen
 El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar el comportamiento productivo de los cerdos alimentados con alimento peletizado más la adición de preparado microbianos en la Granja Porcina Paty en la parroquia de Yaruquies del Cantón Riobamba, de la provincia de Chimborazo. El tiempo de duración de la investigación fue de 90 días, para el desarrollo se utilizaron 48 lechones que son un cruce de Yorkshire x Landrace estos fueron destetados de 21 días de edad y de un peso promedio de 6,5 kg, de los cuales 24 fueron machos y 24 hembras. Para el desarrollo de la presenta investigación se utilizaron tres niveles (2, 4 y 6 %) de adición de preparado microbiano, para ser comparados con un tratamiento control. Se aplicó un diseño completamente al azar (DCA), en arreglo combinatorio de dos factores; donde el factor A corresponde a la adición de probióticos y el factor B al sexo de los animales. El comportamiento productivo de los cerdos durante el crecimiento y engorde no reportó diferencias significativas en los parámetros consumo de balanceado, consumo total de alimento y conversión alimenticia; mientras que para las variables peso final y ganancia de peso se reporta resultados favorables para los tratamientos que se utilizó un preparado microbiano. Se concluyó que se puede utilizar los niveles de preparado microbianos (2, 4 y 6 %) debido a que mejoró el peso final 37,57 kg y ganancia de peso 30,70 kg, en comparación con el tratamiento testigo, además con su utilización no se reporta mortalidad alguna. Se recomien","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135291956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery of Total Chromium from Tannery Wastewater by Carbonization Application","authors":"P. E Ochoa, S L Gavilánes, J S Achote, M A Alban","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14408","url":null,"abstract":"A carbonization process was carried out for the recovery of chromium from wastewater by chemical treatment with sodium hydroxide as a basic solution in contact with the precursor material at different concentrations [1:0.15 (%w/w) - 1:0.20 (%w/w)]. The physical treatment was carried out with carbonization at 700∘C for a period of 2 hours. The obtained samples were characterized by elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), atomic absorption spectroscopy, and surface area analysis (BET) to validate the evidence of metal recovery. The results indicate that the percentage of total chromium recovery was 47.62% with respect to the uncarbonized material, establishing that the best carbonization variables are at 700∘C and concentration 1:0.20% w/w for 2 hours.
 Keywords: tannery industry, carbonization, recovery, total chromium.
 Resumen 
 Se realizó un proceso de carbonización para la recuperación de cromo a partir de aguas residuales mediante un tratamiento químico con hidróxido de sodio como solución básica en contacto con el material precursor a diferentes concentraciones [1:0,15 (%p/p)- 1:0,20 (%p/p)], el tratamiento físico se realizó con la carbonización a 700∘C por un lapso de 2 horas. Las muestras obtenidas se caracterizaron mediante análisis elemental, análisis termogravimétrico (TGA), espectroscopia infrarroja por transformada de Fourier (FT-IR), espectroscopia de absorción atómica y análisis de área superficial (BET) para validar la evidencia de la recuperación del metal. Los resultados indican que el porcentaje de recuperación de cromo total es de 47,62% respecto del material sin carbonizar estableciendo que las mejores variables de carbonización son 700 ∘C y concentración 1:0.20 %p/p por 2 horas.
 Palabras Clave: Industria curtiembre, carbonización, recuperación, cromo total.","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135290864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excitation of N2 Molecules as a Density Modifier: A Theoretical Approach","authors":"J. Villa, C. Rubio, T. Terencio","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14416","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a theoretical exploration of modifying the volume and density of N2 gas molecules so as to feed gas balloons and zeppelin airships for flying purposes. This research aims to develop a gas system with a lower density than their non-modified ground state gas by studying the properties associated with excited state levels and their differences from the fundamental one. Then, this approach is achieved by altering the micro-molecular or electronic properties of N2 gas to assess the change at the macro-molecular level, such as volume and density. Density functional theory (DFT), time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT), and molecular dynamics (MD) computational methods are employed to look for the effects of excited N2 molecules on volume and density at standard conditions. As a result, a density decrease of 2.77% is achieved for the eighth excited state molecule set compared to the ground state system, indicating the feasibility of this approach. Contrasting this system with the traditional hydrogen gas used in zeppelins, N2 gas is a widely available, eco-friendly, and safe source (non-flammable) around Earth, strengthening its suitability as a source for high-tech applications.
 Keywords: gas, excited states, DFT, TD-DFT, MD, volume, density modification.
 Resumen 
 A través de este trabajo se presenta una exploración teórica acerca de la modificación del volumen y densidad del N2 gas con el objetivo de alimentar globos aéreos o aeronaves Zeppelin para propósitos de vuelo. Este estudio apunta hacia el desarrollo de un sistema gaseoso de menor densidad mediante el estudio de propiedades asociadas a niveles excitados de energía, contrastando con el sistema no modificado en estado fundamental. Esta estrategia es conseguida mediante la alteración la las propiedades micro-moleculares o electrónicas del N2 gas para evaluar cambios a nivel macromolecular, tales como el volumen y la densidad. Varios métodos computacionales, tales como la teoría de densidad funcional (DFT), la teoría de densidad funcional dependiente del tiempo (TD-DFT) y dinámica molecular (MD), son empleados para observar los efectos de moléculas excitadas de N2 sobre el volumen y densidad de este gas a condiciones estándar. Como resultado, se consiguió un decremento de la densidad del gas en un 2.77 % para el sistema en octavo estado excitado, comparado con el sistema en estado fundamental; lo cual es indicativo de la factibilidad de esta estrategia. Al contrastar el sistema de estudio con gases tradicionales como el hidrogeno gaseoso usado en zeppelins, el N2 gas es un recurso de amplia disponibilidad alrededor del globo, eco-amigable, y un material seguro (no flamable), lo cual lo hace un recurso ideal para aplicaciones de nuevas tecnologías.
 Palabras Clave: N2, gas, estados excitados, DFT, TD-DFT, MD, volumen, modificación de densidad.","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135290627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 and the Pandemic Exit Strategies: Origin, Effects and Perspective Government – Business","authors":"Dr. Marcelo Abad Varas","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14449","url":null,"abstract":"The world urgently requires exit strategies for the pandemic generated by COVID-19, it is an event that has generated a standstill at a social and economic level, accompanied by a breakdown of global public health, itself a contemporary catastrophe. This research aims to analyze the battery of exit strategies reported in the literature from the perspective of both the State and the private company. Considering the origin of the pandemic, its effects and economic perspective. This work was developed based on a literature review in scientific journals indexed in global and regional databases, under a non-experimental descriptive approach. Among the main results of this research, the need for joint and active State-Company participation was determined, as well as the opportunity to implement exit strategies successfully applied in other territories, but under the premise of adapting them to the national reality.
 Keywords: exit strategies, government, business, COVID-19.
 Resumen 
 El mundo requiere con urgencia estrategias de salida para la pandemia generada por el COVID-19, es un evento que ha generado un parón a nivel social y económico, acompañado de una descomposición de la salud pública global, en sí una hecatombe contemporánea. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la batería de estrategias de salida reportadas en la literatura bajo una perspectiva tanto del Estado como de la empresa privada. Considerando el origen de la pandemia, sus efectos y perspectiva económica. Este trabajo se desarrolló en función de una revisión de literatura en revistas científicas indexadas en bases de datos mundiales y regionales, bajo un enfoque descriptivo no experimental. Entre los principales resultados de esta investigación se determinaron la necesidad de la participación conjunta y activa Estado-Empresa, así como la oportunidad de implementar estrategias de salida aplicadas exitosamente en otros territorios, pero bajo la premisa de adaptarlas a la realidad nacional.
 Palabras Clave: Estrategias de salida, Estado, Empresa, COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135291456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional Patterns, Anthropometric and Sociodemographic Aspects Associated with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"P.C. Toapanta Pinta, S. Vasco Morales, D. Saes Sartorelli","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14419","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes is the most frequent metabolic disorder during pregnancy. Its development is related to multiple factors and is associated with maternal and perinatal adverse effects. This study aims to determine the association of nutritional patterns, anthropometric and sociodemographic aspects with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and perinatal results. A prospective cohort study was conducted on 237 pregnant women with the application of questionnaires: structured, global physical activity (GPAQ), 24-hour recall, and review of the perinatal medical history. Exploratory factor analysis was performed to determine the nutritional patterns; descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analysis between the groups of patients with GDM and without GDM in users of the Centro de salud de Puengasí 2, and the Hospital Gineco Obstetrico Isidro Ayora in the city of Quito, from January to September 2021. Three nutritional patterns were identified in pregnant women. There was a difference in the variables, such as age, years of study, previous pregnancies, weight, and body mass index (BMI) for gestational age at the beginning of pregnancy between pregnant women diagnosed with GDM and those without GDM. Multivariate analysis confirms the association of GDM with BMI for gestational age at the start of pregnancy RR 0.293 (0.08-0.970) and passive smoking RR 0.037 (0.00196-0.701). No association with nutritional patterns was found. In conclusion,the affinity for nutritional patterns and physical activity does not show an association with GDM. The association between BMI for gestational age at the beginning of pregnancy and passive smoking with GDM is confirmed.
 Keywords: gestational diabetes mellitus, pregnancy, nutritional pattern, exercise.
 Resumen
 Introducción: La Diabetes es el trastorno metabólico mas frecuente durante la gestación, su desarrollo está relacionado a múltiples factores, y asociada a efectos adversos maternos y perinatales. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación de patrones nutricionales, aspectos antropométricos y sociodemográficos con el diagnóstico Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional (DMG) y resultados perinatales. Metodología: Estudio de cohorte prospectivo en 237 gestantes con la aplicación de cuestionarios: estructurado, global de actividad física (GPAQ), Recordatorio de 24 horas, y revisión de la historia clínica perinatal. Se realizó análisis factorial exploratorio para determinar los patrones nutricionales; análisis descriptivo, bivariado y multivariado entre los grupos de pacientes con DMG y sin DMG en usuarias del centro de salud Puengasí 2 y del Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Isidro Ayora de la ciudad de Quito desde enero a septiembre 2021. Resultados: Se identificaron 3 patrones nutricionales en las gestantes. Hay diferencia en las variables: edad, años de estudio, gestas previas, peso e índice de masa corporal (IMC) para la edad gestacional al inicio del embarazo entre las gestantes con diagnóstico de DMG y sin DMG. El análisis mult","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135291686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Quetiapine as a Coadjuvant to Benzodiazepines in General Anxiety Disorder in Patients Aged Over 20 Years at Hospital Naval Guayaquil","authors":"D Vásquez Cedeño, M Verdezoto Di luca, T Sánchez Figueroa","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14488","url":null,"abstract":"Generalized anxiety disorder is the most prevalent mental disorder worldwide. The use of quetiapine + benzodiazepines has been shown to reduce symptoms in patients with generalized anxiety disorder who do not respond adequately to the exclusive use of benzodiazepines. Despite the benefits shown in Ecuador, there are no published studies about its effectiveness. This is a prevalent, retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study carried out at the Hospital Naval de Guayaquil, in patients aged over 20 years diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder and had undergone treatment with quetiapine, benzodiazepines, or both during the years 2017–2020. The average age of diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder is 45.12 years. It prevails in married male patients diagnosed at 39.95 years. Benzodiazepine is the drug that produces clinical improvement in 38% of patients. However, it does not present great variation before quetiapine + benzodiazepine, which produced an improvement in 27% of patients. The treatment time according to the type of drug used is shorter with quetiapine, lasting 4.32 months. However, the Kruskal-Wallis test established that the treatment time is shorter using the combination of quetiapine as a coadjuvant to benzodiazepine with a significance of >0.05. The improvement of the sleep disorder stood out with the use of benzodiazepine in 38.57%. The benzodiazepine produces clinical improvement in 38% and in turn improves the sleep disorder in 38.57%. The use of quetiapine as a coadjuvant to benzodiazepines decreases the treatment time.
 Keywords: Ecuador, anxiety disorder, benzodiazepines, quetiapine.
 Resumen
 El trastorno de ansiedad generalizada es el desorden mental más prevalente a nivel mundial. El uso de quetiapina + benzodiacepinas, ha demostrado disminuir la sintomatología en pacientes sin mejoría con el uso exclusivo de benzodiacepinas. Sin embargo, pese al beneficio demostrado en Ecuador, no existen estudios publicados sobre su efectividad. Materiales y métodos. Estudio de prevalencia, retrospectivo, transversal, descriptivo y analítico realizado en el Hospital Naval de Guayaquil, en pacientes mayores de 20 años que acudieron con diagnóstico de trastorno de ansiedad generalizada y que fueron sometidos a tratamiento con quetiapina , benzodiacepinas o ambas durante los años 2017-2020. Resultados. El trastorno de ansiedad generalizada se diagnostica a la edad promedio 45,12 años. Prevalece en los pacientes casados de sexo masculino diagnosticados a los 39,95 años. La benzodiacepina es el fármaco que produce mejoría clínica en un 38% de los pacientes. Sin embargo, no presenta gran variación ante la quetiapina + benzodiacepina que produjo la mejoría de 27% de los pacientes. El tiempo de tratamiento de acuerdo al tipo de fármaco utilizado es menor con quetiapina durando 4,32 meses. Sin embargo, el test de Kruskal-Wallis estableció que el tiempo de tratamiento es menor utilizando la combinacion ","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135291814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Virtual Environments and Platforms in the Teaching of English","authors":"M Rojas, E Macias, U Moreno, J Silva","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14459","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract 
 The research aims to highlight the significance of virtual learning environments and platforms in promoting cognitive competencies through interactive learning. The objective is to create effective learning environments by utilizing Virtual Learning Environments and implementing platforms to enhance communicative competencies. The methodology employed for this study includes quantitative and qualitative, descriptive, and predictive approaches, using technological innovation through the implementation of the Schoology platform based on the TPACK model. The results of the study indicate that students exhibit high levels of motivation and discernment toward virtual environments, particularly in English classes. Therefore, selecting appropriate didactic resources and incorporating pedagogical mediation is crucial for optimizing learning outcomes. It is essential to educate students on the significance of learning a foreign language and how it can impact the neural structure of the bilingual brain. Virtual environments facilitate interaction between team members, leading to the creation of new networks and learning environments for the development of language and communicative competencies in another language.
 Keywords: virtual environments, English teaching, technological innovation, TPACK model.
 Resumen 
 La investigación se enfoca en la importancia de los entornos y plataformas virtuales de aprendizaje porque permiten la interacción para desarrollar competencias cognitivas, para ello el objetivo consiste en generar ambientes de aprendizaje basados en los Entornos Virtuales de Aprendizaje, mediante la implementación de plataformas y fortalecer las competencias comunicativas, con este fin la metodología tiene un enfoque cuantitativo – cualitativo, de naturaleza descriptiva y predictiva desde la innovación tecnológica con la implementación de plataforma Schoology basados en el modelo TPACK. De acuerdo a los resultados, se evidencia que existe un alto discernimiento y motivación de los estudiantes a la implementación de los entornos virtuales, en particular a las clases de inglés. Para lo cual la necesidad de una mediación pedagógica en la selección de los recursos didácticos podría potencializar aún más el aprendizaje, para ello es fundamental hacer comprender a los estudiantes la relevancia de aprender un idioma extranjero y como este cambia en la estructura neuronal y su trascendencia en un cerebro bilingüe. Por tanto, los entornos virtuales promueven la interacción entre equipos de trabajo con la finalidad de generar nuevas redes y ambientes de aprendizaje, para el desarrollo de competencias lingüísticas y comunicativas en otro idioma.
 Palabras Clave: entornos virtuales, enseñanza inglesa, innovación tecnológica, modelo TPACK.","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135291954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive Model of Student Dropout Based on Logistic Regression","authors":"B.R. Cuji Chacha, W.L. Gavilanes López, M.B. Pérez Constante","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14477","url":null,"abstract":"Student desertion is a phenomenon that has spread significantly in many higher education institutions in Ecuador. The objective of the research was to develop a predictive model of student dropout based on multiple binary logistic regression, with the purpose of detecting possible dropouts. The methodology used consists of three phases: Phase 1: Analysis of variables; Phase 2: Formulation of the mathematical model; and Phase 3: Evaluation. For the estimation of the coefficients of the model, the SPSS tool was obtained. After the creation of the predictive model, it was concluded that the most significant variables that contribute to the diagnosis of dropout are marital status, age, gender, Note2s, and Note1s. It is also evident that students have a higher risk of dropping out if they are married and lower risk if they are single or divorced. Finally it was concluded that gender is a factor that directly influences dropout; male students are more likely to drop out than females.
 Keywords: logistic regression, predictive model, desertion.
 Resumen
 La deserción estudiantil es un fenómeno que se ha extendido significativamente en gran cantidad de instituciones educativas de nivel superior en el Ecuador. El objetivo de la investigación fue desarrollar un modelo predictivo de deserción estudiantil basado en la regresión logística binaria múltiple, con el propósito de detectar a posibles desertores. La metodología utilizada consta de tres fases: Fase1: Análisis de variables. Fase2: Formulación del modelo matemático. Fase3: Evaluación. Para la estimación de los coeficientes del modelo se utilizó la herramienta SPSS. Posterior a la creación del modelo predictivo se llegó a concluir que las variables más significativas que aportan al diagnóstico de la deserción son estado civil, edad, género Nota2s y Nota1s, además se evidencia que los estudiantes tienen mayor riesgo de deserción si están casados y menor riesgo si están solteros o divorciados, finalmente se concluye, que el género es un factor que influye directamente en la deserción, los estudiantes masculinos son más propensos a desertar que los femeninos.
 Palabras Clave: regresión logística, modelo predictivo, deserción.","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135291960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teaching English From the Multiple Intelligences Theory Approach for Bilingualism Development","authors":"E Macias, M Aquino, J Silva, E Vásquez","doi":"10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/espoch.v3i1.14453","url":null,"abstract":"discoveries to understand the functioning and cognitive process of the brain. The study aims to determine strategies based on multiple intelligences and their relationship with cognitive neuroscience to improve English language learning processes. To achieve this, a theoreticalpractical methodological approach was proposed through the review of bibliographic information from researchers whose studies aim to improve mental processes for learning another language. It is worth highlighting the importance of the results where the teacher’s role is to apply the learning strategies and styles in students to promote new cognitive developments, skills, and motivation, despite the fact that students possess different multiple intelligences. In addition, emotional intelligence is strengthened, and the importance of neuroscience in the context of neuroplasticity for learning English in the classroom is understood. For this purpose, strategies are presented for each intelligence. Furthermore, the bilingualism scale is presented in terms of flexibility with non-linguistic rules, producing an effect on other aspects of human knowledge. Additionally, arguments centered on neuroscience have been raised to indicate how the brain learns and its emotional connections, which contribute to linguistic processing, bringing us closer to a basic understanding of the central nervous system to inquire about the relationships between linguistic elements and mechanisms for learning another language.
 Keywords: multiple intelligences theory, English language teaching, bilingualism, cognitive neuroscience.
 Resumen 
 Las Inteligencias Múltiples de Gardner ha evolucionado en las teorías sobre la mente, aportando descubrimientos para comprender el funcionamiento y el proceso cognitivo desde el cerebro; para lo cual, el objetivo es determinar las estrategias basados en las inteligencias múltiples y su relación con la neurociencia cognitiva para mejorar los procesos de aprendizaje del idioma inglés, para ello se planteó un enfoque metodológico teórico – práctico a través de la revisión de información bibliográfica de investigadores cuyos estudios buscan mejorar los procesos mentales para el aprendizaje de otro idioma, cabe destacarla importancia de los resultados donde el rol del profesor es aplicar las estrategias y estilos de aprendizaje en los estudiantes para promover nuevos desarrollos cognitivos, habilidades y motivación a pesar que el estudiante posee inteligencias múltiples distintos, además fortalecer la inteligencia emocional y comprender la importancia de la neurociencia en el contexto de la neuroplasticidad para el aprendizaje del inglés en el aula; para este efecto, se presenta estrategias para cada una de las inteligencias, asimismo la escala del bilingüismo en la flexibilidad a la hora de normas no necesariamente lingüísticas, esto produce un efecto sobre otros aspectos del conocimiento humano, además se ha topado argumentos centrados en la neurocienc","PeriodicalId":11737,"journal":{"name":"ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135290621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}