Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management最新文献

{"title":"Analgesics in wastewater matrix: A comprehensive review on occurrence, toxicity, and sustainability assessment of biological, tertiary, and hybrid treatment processes","authors":"Shalini Singh ,&nbsp;Abhradeep Majumder ,&nbsp;Pubali Mandal ,&nbsp;Manoj Kumar Yadav","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past few decades, increased consumption of pharmaceuticals has led to the prevalence of the pharmaceuticals and their metabolites in various wastewater matrices. Amongst, analgesics are one of the most consumed classes of medicines. These analgesics have complex molecular structures and physicochemical properties that do not favor degradation by conventional biological processes. Furthermore, they pose significant toxicity towards the non-target species and have the potential to disrupt the aquatic environment. Hence, researchers have focused on advanced or tertiary treatment processes, such as adsorption, photocatalysis, and the Fenton process, to remove these recalcitrant analgesics. Although these processes can remove analgesics with a high removal efficiency of around 85%, they fail to perform well with raw wastewater. Hence, hybrid processes have emerged as a wholesome treatment solution for pharmaceutical-contaminated wastewater. In this context, this review paper covers the performance assessment and sustainability of different biological, advanced, and hybrid processes in treating analgesic-contaminated wastewater. It was observed that the biological process alone could only remove around 60–70%, while the average analgesic removal from synthetic water using adsorption, Fenton, and photocatalysis was more than 80%. However, hybrid processes like a combination of constructed wetlands and photocatalysis exhibited more than 80% removal from real wastewater and were more financially and environmentally sustainable. This review provides a comprehensive idea of how analgesics, in particular, are ubiquitous in the aqueous environment and suggests how they can be removed sustainably by providing a comprehensive overview of all existing treatment systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143105000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of Congo red adsorption using oxidated nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes","authors":"Alicia E. Chávez-Guajardo ,&nbsp;Luis Octavio Solis-Sanchez ,&nbsp;María Medina-Llamas ,&nbsp;Brenda I. Orea-Calderón ,&nbsp;Florentino López-Urías ,&nbsp;Emilio Muñoz-Sandoval ,&nbsp;Verónica L. Medina-Llamas","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work reports the synthesis of nitrogen-doped multilayer carbon nanotubes (N-MWCNTs). The N-MWCNTs were subjected to mild oxidation in air at different temperatures and exposure times to obtain a variety of composites from N-MWCNTs with iron oxide nanoparticles up to mainly nanostructured hematite in its alpha phase (α-Fe₂O₃). X-ray diffraction allowed us to track the transformation path of the N-MWCNTs have a cross oxidation time. Each composite was fully characterized. FTIR analysis revealed that the oxidated N-MWCNTs exhibited a high content of carboxylic and carbonyl functional groups. Raman spectroscopy characterization shows a decrease in the D-band intensity and an increase in the 2D-band intensity as the oxidation temperature and oxidation time increase. For instance, the 5 min oxidized N-MWCNTs at 620 °C show a 3 % decrease in both the I_D/I_G and I_2D/I_G ratios. At 10 min at 620 °C, a 10 % decrease in the I_D/I_G ratio and a 15 % increase in the I_2D/I_G ratio were observed. The former results indicate the opening of the CNTs tips and the exposure of the graphitic layers as oxidation time increases. The TEM micrographs can easily corroborate the former trends. The performance of the pristine and oxidized N-MWCNTs was evaluated for the adsorption of Congo red (CR) as a model pollutant. The results indicate that mild oxidation temperatures (620 °C) and short oxidation times favor CR adsorption with a faster adsorption equilibrium than pristine N-MWCNTs. The percentage removal of pristine N-MWCNTS was 33 %. The oxidized samples at 620 °C had a higher adsorption removal of CR up to 36 % and 43 % when oxidation time was 5 and 10 min. The results demonstrate that oxidation thermal treatment reduces amorphous carbon and promotes the opening of the CNTs, increasing the active sites on the surface of the material, which facilitates interaction with CR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101037"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One step facile green synthesis of ZnFe2O4-ZnO Nanocomposite: Efficient photocatalytic activity towards organic dyes under visible light and photoluminescence applications","authors":"E.Vinay Kumar ,&nbsp;R. Harini ,&nbsp;Anitha ,&nbsp;B.E. Kumara Swamy ,&nbsp;G. Nagaraju","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the major risks to the ecosystem is the pollution of water resulting from organic dyes. For scientists, the elimination of dyes from water has remained a challenge. The development of heterostructure photocatalysts featuring enhanced photogenerated charge carriers has attracted significant interest in recent times. The development of a trustworthy, reliable, affordable, and environmentally friendly process for the fabrication of photocatalysts is the main motivation for this research project. In this research work, we presented the easy, affordable green solution combustion process for synthesizing ZnFe₂O₄-ZnO nanocomposite (NCs) using <em>Btea monosperma</em> leaves extract. The synthesized heterostructure is extensively characterized using XRD, FT-IR, UV–Vis, SEM EDX, and PL Spectroscopy. Studies on photoluminescence emission were conducted, and the CIE diagram revealed green emission. The characteristic green emission of ZFO NCs facilitates the tracing of LFPs on a variety of surfaces. Hence, ZFO NCs may therefore have use in the field of forensic sciences. Under visible light, the photocatalyst exhibits a remarkable 95 % degradation efficiency for Rose Bengal dye. Additionally, the ZnFe₂O₄-ZnO heterostructure’s reusability was examined, and even after four cycles, the level of photocatalytic activity did not drop much. Therefore, it is a potential photocatalyst for the processing of organic colours.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101036"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced PVA-bioplastic membranes with nanocellulose and hydroxyapatite derived from blood clam shells","authors":"Femiana Gapsari ,&nbsp;Christina Wahyu Kartikowati ,&nbsp;Kartika A. Madurani ,&nbsp;Afifah Harmayanti ,&nbsp;Abdul Mudjib Sulaiman","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bioplastic membranes, particularly those based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), are increasingly explored for their environmental benefits and diverse applications. However, these bioplastics often suffer from high water absorption and limited mechanical durability, restricting their practical use compared to conventional plastics. This study aims to address these limitations by incorporating nanocellulose from <em>Cordia dichotoma</em> fiber (CDf) and a hydroxyapatite (HA) coating derived from blood clam shells—a novel and sustainable approach. The HA-coated PVA-nanocellulose bioplastic was evaluated for tensile strength, water absorption, and antibacterial activity, using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Results showed substantial improvements, with tensile strength increasing from 5.62 to 12.63 MPa and elastic modulus from 6.73 to 15.85 MPa, attributed to enhanced cross-linking from the HA layer. Additionally, antibacterial testing showed weak inhibition zones (&lt;5 mm) against <em>E. coli</em> and <em>S. aureus</em>, indicating mild antimicrobial properties. This research contributes to sustainable bioplastic technologies by leveraging waste-derived materials to improve functionality, making these biocomposites promising for packaging, water purification and biomedical applications, and other fields requiring durable, eco-friendly materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101035"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluoride distribution, groundwater quality and health risk assessment for contaminated region near Krishna River (Maharashtra) India","authors":"Sandip Sampatrao Sathe ,&nbsp;Uday Bhan ,&nbsp;Anamika Kushwaha ,&nbsp;Mohd Shabbir ,&nbsp;Kranti Patil ,&nbsp;Vishal Kamboj ,&nbsp;Lalit Goswami ,&nbsp;Seungdae Oh ,&nbsp;Kanchan Deoli Bahukhandi ,&nbsp;Akhilesh Bind","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study aims to examine the sustainability of groundwater in a contaminated area of Krishna river, one of the vital natural source for drinking and irrigation purposes in India. The water samples (in total 142) were collected in different seasons from Sangli district of Maharashtra state, India, and their suitability for drinking, domestic usage, irrigation water quality indices, and health risk assessment were studied. The spatial distribution and safe groundwater region were identified using the ordinary Kriging method. The major cations concentration was observed in order as Mg²⁺ &gt; Ca²⁺ &gt; K⁺ &gt; Na⁺, whereas for anions it was observed as HCO₃⁻ &gt; SO₄²⁻ &gt; Cl⁻ &gt; F⁻. The groundwater quality indices for magnesium hazard (MH) suggest that 100 samples from the village area, 27 from the city area, and 7 from the industrial area were found not suitable for the irrigation purposes. Similarly, the results of Kelley’s ratio and sodium absorption ratio support MH findings and suggest that these sources are inapt for irrigation purposes. Pearson correlation values for industrial area samples showed a significantly positive correlation value for F⁻ with SO₄²⁻, Ca²⁺, and K⁺ as 0.48, 0.87, and 0.89, respectively. The health risk assessment shows that in the industrial, city and, village areas, 21 %, 4 %, and 19 % of children are highly susceptible to fluorosis, respectively. This physicochemical and hydrogeochemical study of groundwater suggests that the shallow aquifer depth groundwater of this study area was moderately unsafe for the usage of drinking and irrigation purposes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101033"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphitic carbon nitride nanotubes decorated with ruthenium: New efficient visible-light-driven photocatalyst","authors":"Mohaddeseh Shahabi Nejad,&nbsp;Zahra Vakily,&nbsp;Ali Mostafavi,&nbsp;Hassan Sheibani","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The discharge of effluents containing antibiotics into the environment poses a significant challenge, contributing to the proliferation of resistant bacterial pathogens. Consequently, the removal and degradation of these contaminants from aqueous environments, particularly through photodegradation with potent photocatalysts, has attracted considerable research interest. In this research, A novel generation of visible-light photocatalyst was developed by immobilizing a ruthenium complex on modified graphitic carbon nitride nanotubes, with a focus on degrading the commonly used antibiotic, tetracycline. To achieve this, the synthesis of graphitic carbon nitride nanotubes (g-C₃N₄ NTs) was successfully conducted using the hydrothermal method, followed by functionalization with the 1,10-Phenantroline-5,6-dione ligand. Subsequently, the functionalized g-C₃N₄ NTs were further enhanced through the immobilization of dichloro(p-cymene)ruthenium(II) dimer. The structure and morphology of the prepared photocatalyst were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR)spectroscopy, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM &amp; TEM). Subsequently, the photocatalyst’s efficiency in optically degrading tetracycline antibiotics was evaluated in a suspension reactor equipped with a 60 W LED lamp. Key parameters such as catalyst dosage, irradiation duration, temperature, and pH were systematically optimized. The results indicated that the immobilization of the Ru complex onto functionalized g-C₃N₄ NTs significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity, resulting in a 43 % increase in degradation efficiency. Furthermore, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) analysis demonstrated that approximately 90 % mineralization of a 10 mg/L tetracycline solution could be achieved using 20 mg of Ru (II) complex/g-C₃N₄ NTs at pH 7 after 480 min, without the need for additional oxidants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101034"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wintertime water quality assessment via integrated indexical approaches with reference to drinking and irrigation standards in NW India","authors":"Saloni Kamboj,&nbsp;Nirankar Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To assess the wintertime toxicity linked with the characteristics of public supply water, tap water samples were collected from the selected sites<!--> <!-->of Ambala district in India during October 2022 to February 2023 covering winter season.<!--> <!-->Following the standard procedures and protocols recommended by APHA, BIS and WHO, several<!--> <!-->characteristics were explored<!--> <!-->in order to find their linkages with the health issues of adults and children during winters. The irrigation water quality parameters were also taken into consideration during characterization. The high levels of toxic elements (Pb, As, Cd, and Ni) were observed at various sites during this period exceeding the BIS<!--> <!-->acceptable limits. The average<!--> <!-->levels of F^-, Cl^-, NO₃^–, SO₄^2-, PO₄^3- and HCO₃^– were found to be 0.261 mg L^-1, 27.95 mg L^-1, 0.234 mg L^-1, 47.99 mg L^-1, 0.210 mg L^-1 and 5.97 mg L^-1 respectively. Levels of As, Ni, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn<!--> <!-->remained at 123.62 µgL^-1, 56.24 µgL^-1 2.59 µgL^-1, 1.367 µgL^-1, 9.45 µgL^-1, 8.79 µgL^-1, 77.92 µgL^-1, and 10.79 µgL^-1 <!-->respectively. The mean hazard indices were<!--> <!-->found greater than one (&gt;1) for<!--> <!-->children and adults both (0.96–5.5, 0.96–2.61)<!--> <!-->during this<!--> <!-->winter season. Owing to low body weight, children found more prone than adults to health issues. The mostly sites had good water quality indices (WQIs). Based on the SAR, RSC, MAR, SSP values, mostly samples were found<!--> <!-->in excellent category of water source for irrigation. Several statistical and geographic distributions were used to evaluate the samples<!--> <!-->for direct human consumption along with the associated health risk at the study area.<!--> <!-->This study, first time reports the toxicity levels associated with the tap water characteristics in the chosen area and discusses the novel findings of the hazard analysis with reference to direct intake of freshwater and water for irrigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101032"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced TiO2-ZnO/graphene hybrid nanocomposite for ultra-sensitive electrochemical detection of fipronil pesticide","authors":"La Ode Agus Salim ,&nbsp;Muhammad Nurdin ,&nbsp;Maulidiyah Maulidiyah ,&nbsp;Nohong Nohong","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing use of fipronil, a phenylpyrazole insecticide with known toxicity and endocrine-disrupting effects, poses significant environmental and health risks due to its persistence in agricultural products and ecosystems. This study presents the development of a novel TiO₂-ZnO/graphene (GTZ) hybrid nanocomposite electrode for ultra-sensitive electrochemical detection of fipronil. The GTZ nanocomposite was synthesized using a microwave-assisted technique and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). SEM results showed that TiO₂ and ZnO nanoparticles were well dispersed in the graphene layer. XRD diffractograms confirmed the presence of the anatase TiO₂ phase and Wurtzite ZnO phase in GTZ nanocomposites. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups, Ti-O and Zn-O bonds, indicating successful modification of graphene. Cyclic voltammetry was employed to evaluate the sensing capabilities of the GTZ electrode, demonstrating a linear response to fipronil concentrations as low as 0.0023 µg/L, with a high reproducibility (RSD 1.77 %). The electrode’s enhanced sensitivity can be attributed to the synergistic interaction between TiO₂-ZnO nanoparticles and graphene, providing a large electroactive surface area and improved electron transfer kinetics. This study confirms the potential of GTZ nanocomposite electrodes as a cost-effective and portable platform for real-time monitoring of fipronil residues in environmental and agricultural samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101031"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health risk associated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in dumpsites in southwestern Nigeria","authors":"Thompson Faraday Ediagbonya ,&nbsp;Treasure Ejodamen Omotade ,&nbsp;Okechukwu Solomon Ihuoma","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) remain poorly understood, despite their detrimental impacts and role as human mutagens in developing countries such as Nigeria, disruptors, and malignancies. Five dumpsites in South-Western Nigeria were investigated to determine PAH concentrations in soil: Ojota and Oko filling in Lagos state, Ijagun in Ijebu-Ode, Ogun state, and Okitipupa and Irele LGA in Ondo state. The amount of PAHs was assessed using GC-FID. PAHs compounds had limits of detection (LOD) of 0.01 µg/kg, quantification (LOQ) of 0.1 µg/kg, and recovery rates of 82.4 %-95.2 %. At site A (Idimu, oko-filling), BkF had the highest mean PAH concentration (10.94 mg/kg). B(g,h,i)P was second with 3.19 mg/kg, DB(ah)A third with 2.86 mg/kg, and Phen fourth with 1.16 mg/kg, for a total of 19.95 mg/kg. At site B (Ojota dumping), no Flu, Ant, Flt, Cry, B(a)A, B(b)f, or B(k)F concentrations were identified, but the total PAH concentration was 51.44 mg/kg. The highest mean concentration of PAH was B(a)P (35.96 mg/kg), followed by IP (5.43 mg/kg), B(g,h,i)P (4.27 mg/kg), and DahA (3.96 mg). The overall concentration at location C (Ijagun, Ijebu-Ode) was 5.80 mg/kg. Flt Nap, Acy, Flu, Ant, Nap, Pyr, Chry, B(a)A, DB(ah)A, IP, B(b)F, and B(g,h,i)P were not found at site D. The only concentrations listed were Ace (0.74 mg/kg) and B(a)P (1.34 mg/kg). The total concentration measured at Site D was 12.12 mg/kg. Site E, like site D, contained no mean concentrations of B(g,h,i)P, Flt, Pyr, Chry, B(a)A, B(b)F, IP, DB(ah)A, or Ant. The mean organic carbon, pH, and electrical conductivity values were 1.26–1.64 mg/kg, 7.02–8.02, and 84.33–249.33 μS/cm³, respectively. Total PAHs correlated positively with pH but negatively with electrical conductivity and organic carbon. The total HQ value was 1.3 × 10^-4, with individual values ranging from 9.3 × 10^-6 to 2.4 × 10^-6. The data show a substantial ecological risk and potential hazard associated with PAH exposure at a regional dumpsite.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101028"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial assisted preparation of cadmium sulfide/polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposites and its biological applications","authors":"S. Rajeshkumar ,&nbsp;C. Malarkodi ,&nbsp;Arpita Roy ,&nbsp;Tharani Munusamy ,&nbsp;Ashish Kumar ,&nbsp;Hendrix Yulis Setyawan ,&nbsp;Kuldeep Sharma ,&nbsp;Rajan Verma","doi":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enmm.2024.101030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cadmium sulfide is one of the most vital materials, and this research discusses the environmentally friendly synthesis of CdS nanoparticles using <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. Bacterial synthesis was utilized to produce cadmium sulfide nanoparticles within Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) at four distinct concentrations. This study focused on generating CdS/ PVA films, where cadmium sulfide nanoparticles of varying sizes were dispersed within polyvinyl alcohol matrices. The PL (Photoluminescence) spectrum and UV–visible spectrum showed the CdS/PVA quantum confinement effect. TEM and XRD analyses demonstrate the formation of well-dispersed CdS nanoparticles and CdS films with a cubic phase embedded within the PVA matrix. The morphological changes between the nanocomposite clearly showed in the TEM images. Primarily spherical shaped CdS nanoparticles were formed as observed in the SEM analysis, and it was found that the CdS/PVA nanocomposite are different like shapeless. FTIR spectrums of CdS/PVA nanocomposites in different concentration shows the participation of biomolecules in the nanocomposite’s formation. The prepared nanocomposite showed potential anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity against microbial pathogens. Thus CdS/PVA nanocomposites can be used in many potential biomedical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11716,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101030"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}