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Decomposed Gaussian Processes for Efficient Regression Models with Low Complexity. 低复杂度高效回归模型的分解高斯过程。
IF 2.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Entropy Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.3390/e27040393
Anis Fradi, Tien-Tam Tran, Chafik Samir
{"title":"Decomposed Gaussian Processes for Efficient Regression Models with Low Complexity.","authors":"Anis Fradi, Tien-Tam Tran, Chafik Samir","doi":"10.3390/e27040393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27040393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, we address the challenges of inferring and learning from a substantial number of observations (N≫1) with a Gaussian process regression model. First, we propose a flexible construction of well-adapted covariances originally derived from specific differential operators. Second, we prove its convergence and show its low computational cost scaling as O(Nm2) for inference and O(m3) for learning instead of O(N3) for a canonical Gaussian process where N≫m. Moreover, we develop an implementation that requires less memory O(m2) instead of O(N2). Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method with simulation studies and experiments on real data. In addition, we conduct a comparative study with the aim of situating it in relation to certain cutting-edge methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":11694,"journal":{"name":"Entropy","volume":"27 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12025912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143986103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Dirac Equation, Mass and Arithmetic by Permutations of Automaton States. 自动机状态排列的狄拉克方程、质量和算术。
IF 2.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Entropy Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.3390/e27040395
Hans-Thomas Elze
{"title":"The Dirac Equation, Mass and Arithmetic by Permutations of Automaton States.","authors":"Hans-Thomas Elze","doi":"10.3390/e27040395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27040395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cornerstones of the Cellular Automaton Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics are its underlying ontological states that evolve by permutations. They do not create would-be quantum mechanical superposition states. We review this with a classical automaton consisting of an Ising spin chain which is then related to the Weyl equation in the continuum limit. Based on this and generalizing, we construct a new \"Necklace of Necklaces\" automaton with a torus-like topology that lends itself to represent the Dirac equation in 1 + 1 dimensions. Special attention has to be paid to its mass term, which necessitates this enlarged structure and a particular scattering operator contributing to the step-wise updates of the automaton. As discussed earlier, such deterministic models of discrete spins or bits unavoidably become quantum mechanical, when only slightly deformed.</p>","PeriodicalId":11694,"journal":{"name":"Entropy","volume":"27 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12025855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Linear Wavelet-Based Estimators of Partial Derivatives of Multivariate Density Function for Stationary and Ergodic Continuous Time Processes. 平稳和遍历连续时间过程中多元密度函数偏导数的线性小波估计。
IF 2.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Entropy Pub Date : 2025-04-06 DOI: 10.3390/e27040389
Sultana Didi, Salim Bouzebda
{"title":"Linear Wavelet-Based Estimators of Partial Derivatives of Multivariate Density Function for Stationary and Ergodic Continuous Time Processes.","authors":"Sultana Didi, Salim Bouzebda","doi":"10.3390/e27040389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27040389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this work, we propose a wavelet-based framework for estimating the derivatives of a density function in the setting of continuous, stationary, and ergodic processes. Our primary focus is the derivation of the integrated mean square error (IMSE) over compact subsets of Rd, which provides a quantitative measure of the estimation accuracy. In addition, a uniform convergence rate and normality are established. To establish the asymptotic behavior of the proposed estimators, we adopt a martingale approach that accommodates the ergodic nature of the underlying processes. Importantly, beyond ergodicity, our analysis does not require additional assumptions regarding the data. By demonstrating that the wavelet methodology remains valid under these weaker dependence conditions, we extend earlier results originally developed in the context of independent observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11694,"journal":{"name":"Entropy","volume":"27 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12025510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Quantum Elastica.
IF 2.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Entropy Pub Date : 2025-04-06 DOI: 10.3390/e27040388
Davi Geiger, Michael Werman
{"title":"Quantum Elastica.","authors":"Davi Geiger, Michael Werman","doi":"10.3390/e27040388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27040388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper presents a quantum method to tackle optimization challenges. Departing from the typical applications of quantum theory in particle physics, we demonstrate our approach using the elastica problem as a concrete example. The elastica, a classic variational problem extensively studied by mathematicians, serves as an ideal test case. Within quantum theory, our central innovation lies in the way we handle boundary conditions by combining forward and backward propagating wave solutions, a concept inspired by the superposition of forward and backward time-traveling particle waves in quantum mechanics. This approach not only provides a novel solution method for the elastica problem but also opens new pathways for applying quantum mathematical techniques to classical optimization challenges in other domains.</p>","PeriodicalId":11694,"journal":{"name":"Entropy","volume":"27 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12025944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143986104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chromatic Quantum Contextuality. 色量子语境。
IF 2.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Entropy Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.3390/e27040387
Karl Svozil
{"title":"Chromatic Quantum Contextuality.","authors":"Karl Svozil","doi":"10.3390/e27040387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27040387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chromatic quantum contextuality is a criterion of quantum nonclassicality based on (hyper)graph coloring constraints. If a quantum hypergraph requires more colors than the number of outcomes per maximal observable (context), it lacks a classical realization with <i>n</i>-uniform outcomes per context. Consequently, it cannot represent a \"completable\" noncontextual set of coexisting <i>n</i>-ary outcomes per maximal observable. This result serves as a chromatic analogue of the Kochen-Specker theorem. We present an explicit example of a four-colorable quantum logic in dimension three. Furthermore, chromatic contextuality suggests a novel restriction on classical truth values, thereby excluding two-valued measures that cannot be extended to <i>n</i>-ary colorings. Using this framework, we establish new bounds for the house, pentagon, and pentagram hypergraphs, refining previous constraints.</p>","PeriodicalId":11694,"journal":{"name":"Entropy","volume":"27 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12025928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143990639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Applications of Percolation Theory to Prevent the Propagation of Phytopathogens and Pests on Plantations. 渗透理论在防止植物病原体和害虫在人工林上繁殖中的应用。
IF 2.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Entropy Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.3390/e27040386
J Alonso Tlali, J R Alvarado García, B Cardenas Castro, A Fernández Téllez, E G García Prieto, J F López-Olguín, Y Martínez Laguna, J E Ramírez, D Rosales Herrera, J D Silva Montiel
{"title":"Applications of Percolation Theory to Prevent the Propagation of Phytopathogens and Pests on Plantations.","authors":"J Alonso Tlali, J R Alvarado García, B Cardenas Castro, A Fernández Téllez, E G García Prieto, J F López-Olguín, Y Martínez Laguna, J E Ramírez, D Rosales Herrera, J D Silva Montiel","doi":"10.3390/e27040386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27040386","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the most important problems in agroecology is designing eco-friendly strategies to minimize the propagation of phytopathogens and pests. In this paper, we explore some strategies based on the modification of the plantation configuration together with percolation theory to prevent the propagation of phytopathogens and pests that move over nearest neighbor plants, such as the case of <i>Phytophthora</i> zoospores or pest mites. The percolation threshold is determined for well-mixed and intercropping plantations modeled in nearest neighbor square lattices. Our main result is that the best agroecology strategy consists of designing polyculture plantations to raise the net production yield.</p>","PeriodicalId":11694,"journal":{"name":"Entropy","volume":"27 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12025573/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143998195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Informational-Entropic Approach to Exoplanet Characterization. 系外行星特征的信息熵方法。
IF 2.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Entropy Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.3390/e27040385
Sara Vannah, Ian D Stiehl, Marcelo Gleiser
{"title":"An Informational-Entropic Approach to Exoplanet Characterization.","authors":"Sara Vannah, Ian D Stiehl, Marcelo Gleiser","doi":"10.3390/e27040385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27040385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the past, measures of the \"Earth-likeness\" of exoplanets have been qualitative, considering an abiotic Earth, or requiring discretionary choices of what parameters make a planet Earth-like. With the advent of high-resolution exoplanet spectroscopy, there is a growing need for a method of quantifying the Earth-likeness of a planet that addresses these issues while making use of the data available from modern telescope missions. In this work, we introduce an informational-entropic metric that makes use of the spectrum of an exoplanet to directly quantify how Earth-like the planet is. To illustrate our method, we generate simulated transmission spectra of a series of Earth-like and super-Earth exoplanets, as well as an exoJupiter and several gas giant exoplanets. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate the ability of the information metric to evaluate how similar a planet is to Earth, making it a powerful tool in the search for a candidate Earth 2.0.</p>","PeriodicalId":11694,"journal":{"name":"Entropy","volume":"27 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12025435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143968484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Further Exploration of an Upper Bound for Kemeny's Constant. 凯梅尼常数上界的进一步探讨。
IF 2.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Entropy Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.3390/e27040384
Robert E Kooij, Johan L A Dubbeldam
{"title":"Further Exploration of an Upper Bound for Kemeny's Constant.","authors":"Robert E Kooij, Johan L A Dubbeldam","doi":"10.3390/e27040384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27040384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Even though Kemeny's constant was first discovered in Markov chains and expressed by Kemeny in terms of mean first passage times on a graph, it can also be expressed using the pseudo-inverse of the Laplacian matrix representing the graph, which facilitates the calculation of a sharp upper bound of Kemeny's constant. We show that for certain classes of graphs, a previously found bound is tight, which generalises previous results for bipartite and (generalised) windmill graphs. Moreover, we show numerically that for real-world networks, this bound can be used to find good numerical approximations for Kemeny's constant. For certain graphs consisting of up to 100 K nodes, we find a speedup of a factor 30, depending on the accuracy of the approximation that can be achieved. For networks consisting of over 500 K nodes, the approximation can be used to estimate values for the Kemeny constant, where exact calculation is no longer feasible within reasonable computation time.</p>","PeriodicalId":11694,"journal":{"name":"Entropy","volume":"27 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12025856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Adaptive Kalman Filtering Localization Calibration Method Based on Dynamic Mutation Perception and Collaborative Correction. 基于动态突变感知和协同校正的自适应卡尔曼滤波定位标定方法。
IF 2.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Entropy Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.3390/e27040380
Zijia Huang, Qiushi Xu, Menghao Sun, Xuzhen Zhu, Shaoshuai Fan
{"title":"Adaptive Kalman Filtering Localization Calibration Method Based on Dynamic Mutation Perception and Collaborative Correction.","authors":"Zijia Huang, Qiushi Xu, Menghao Sun, Xuzhen Zhu, Shaoshuai Fan","doi":"10.3390/e27040380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27040380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aiming at the problem of reduced positioning accuracy of unmanned swarm navigation systems due to dynamic abrupt noise in a complex electromagnetic environment, this paper proposes an adaptive Kalman filtering positioning and calibration method based on dynamic mutation perception and collaborative correction. This method optimizes the performance of Kalman filtering by monitoring the mutation of acceleration and velocity in real time, designing a dynamic threshold detection mechanism, adaptively adjusting the covariance matrix, and using multidimensional scaling analysis to calculate the similarity of trajectories and collaboratively correct the current state. The experiment uses simulation and real scene data and compares algorithms such as the traditional extended Kalman filter to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, providing an effective solution for the collaborative positioning of an unmanned swarm under complex electromagnetic interference.</p>","PeriodicalId":11694,"journal":{"name":"Entropy","volume":"27 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12025555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143974119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Finding Key Nodes in Complex Networks Through Quantum Deep Reinforcement Learning. 通过量子深度强化学习寻找复杂网络中的关键节点。
IF 2.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Entropy Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.3390/e27040382
Juechan Xiong, Xiao-Long Ren, Linyuan Lü
{"title":"Finding Key Nodes in Complex Networks Through Quantum Deep Reinforcement Learning.","authors":"Juechan Xiong, Xiao-Long Ren, Linyuan Lü","doi":"10.3390/e27040382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e27040382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Identifying key nodes in networks is a fundamental problem in network science. This study proposes a quantum deep reinforcement learning (QDRL) framework that integrates reinforcement learning with a variational quantum graph neural network, effectively identifying distributed influential nodes while preserving the network's fundamental topological properties. By leveraging principles of quantum computing, our method is designed to reduce model parameters and computational complexity compared to traditional neural networks. Trained on small networks, it demonstrated strong generalization across diverse scenarios. We compared the proposed algorithm with some classical node ranking and network dismantling algorithms on various synthetical and empirical networks. The results suggest that the proposed algorithm outperforms existing baseline methods. Moreover, in synthetic networks based on Erdős-Rényi and Watts-Strogatz models, QDRL demonstrated its capability to alleviate the issue of localization in network information propagation and node influence ranking. Our research provides insights into addressing fundamental problems in complex networks using quantum machine learning, demonstrating the potential of quantum approaches for network analysis tasks.</p>","PeriodicalId":11694,"journal":{"name":"Entropy","volume":"27 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12025536/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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