Environmental Health最新文献

{"title":"Prenatal exposure to essential and toxic elements in relation to infant growth trajectories.","authors":"Gyeyoon Yim, Brianna C Heggeseth, Diane Gilbert-Diamond, Janet L Peacock, Katerina Margetaki, Emily R Baker, Thomas J Palys, Brian P Jackson, Juliette C Madan, Megan E Romano, Margaret R Karagas, Caitlin G Howe","doi":"10.1186/s12940-025-01252-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-025-01252-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Metal exposures have been associated with adverse growth in utero, but impacts on postnatal growth are not well-understood. OBJECTIVES: To examine relationships between prenatal metal exposures and infant growth trajectories in a rural U.S. pregnancy cohort. METHODS: Participants included 783 mother-infant pairs in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study, a rural cohort of pregnant people and their children in northern New England with homes served by private unregulated drinking water. Essential and toxic element concentrations were measured in maternal toenail clippings collected at 3 weeks postpartum, reflecting exposures during pregnancy. Weight and length measures were abstracted from medical records between birth and 18 months. Weight-for-length growth trajectories were identified separately for male and female infants using growth mixture modeling. Relative risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated to evaluate associations between each element and growth trajectory assignments. RESULTS: Four weight-for-length trajectories were identified for male and female infants: Stable-slow, Late-moderate, Stable-moderate, and Rapid growth. The Stable-slow trajectory aligned most closely with the median World Health Organization infant growth curve and was selected as the reference. Among male infants, higher maternal mercury and lead were each associated with a higher likelihood of following a growth pattern that deviated from the reference. Additionally, male infants whose mothers fell in the lowest tertile for manganese, compared with the middle tertile, were more likely to follow the Stable-moderate growth trajectory, rather than the reference. No statistically significant associations were identified for female infants. DISCUSSION: Growth during the first 18 months of life may be accelerated in male infants exposed to higher levels of mercury or lead or to lower levels of manganese in utero. Given that accelerated growth during infancy increases risk for obesity, male infants who experience these element exposure patterns may be more susceptible to obesity later in life. </p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12930931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145942853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Residential proximity to transport facilities as urban determinants of individual-level per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) exposures: Analysis of two longitudinal cohorts in Singapore.","authors":"Lucas Shen, Subhashni Raj, Youssef Oulhote, Damaskini Valvi, Sharon Ng, See Ling Loy, Shiao-Yng Chan, Tarik Benmarhnia, Jonathan Y Huang","doi":"10.1186/s12940-025-01257-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-025-01257-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Policy-relevant spatial determinants of human exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS), a broad class of persistent environmental contaminants affecting pregnancy and child development, remain poorly understood because of the diversity of exposure sources. This is especially true for modern, dense urban settings, which contain less well-studied built environment-related sources, including transportation-related ground and airborne contamination. METHODS: We link high-resolution spatiotemporal urban land use data to longitudinal residential histories to assess determinants of individual-level blood plasma PFAS exposures in two geographically- and demographically- diverse cohorts of pregnant women in urban Singapore (n = 784 in 2009–2011; n = 384 in 2015–2017). Longitudinal repeated measures allow us to rule out socio-behavioral factors (e.g., residential segregation) as alternative explanations. Actual land use occupancies were ground-truthed through automated extraction of Google Street View data. FINDINGS: Adjusting for known predictors and within-neighborhood unobserved spatial heterogeneity, a standard deviation (SD) increase (∼10,000m[Formula: see text]) in transport facility exposure was linked to 0.11 (1.78 ng/mL), 0.16, 0.11 SD increases in residents’ perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS), perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) concentrations, respectively, in the 2009 cohort. Dose-response analyses suggested that associations strengthened when transport facilities exceeded 10,000 m[Formula: see text], with residents living near ≥12,000 m[Formula: see text] exhibiting 7.3 ng/mL higher plasma PFBS (p = 0.04), consistent with footprints from large bus depots rather than smaller petrol kiosks. Associations with different PFAS congeners were replicated in the 2015 cohort. No other land use type showed similarly consistent findings. INTERPRETATIONS: Transport facilities are prevalent near residences in urban settings and may be potential sources of PFAS emissions from automotive-related lubricants, parts, and materials. Our findings that exposure was robustly associated with individual-level concentration, over and above behavioral and other factors, highlight the importance of monitoring these and other urban sources of exposure. </p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13069709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145942889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-sectional association of arsenic exposure with thyroid function in Bangladeshi children aged 5 to 7 years.","authors":"Yingyue Ni, Prathiba Balakumar, Tariqul Islam, Syed Emdadul Haque, Mohammad H Shahriar, Golam Sarwar, Alauddin Ahmed, Chunyu Liu, Brandon L Pierce, Robert M Sargis, Brian Jackson, Farzana Jasmine, Muhammad G Kibriya, Habibul Ahsan, Maria Argos","doi":"10.1186/s12940-025-01261-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-025-01261-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Arsenic is a pervasive environmental contaminant and a recognized global public health concern. Experimental evidence suggests that arsenic may disrupt endocrine signaling during critical developmental windows, yet epidemiologic data on its effects on thyroid function in early childhood remain limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We investigated the cross-sectional association between arsenic exposure and free thyroxine (fT4) levels among 496 children aged 5 to 7 years enrolled in the Bangladesh Environmental Research in Children's Health (BiRCH) cohort. Arsenic exposure was assessed using urinary total arsenic and toenail arsenic concentrations. Serum fT4 levels were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Associations with fT4 were estimated using multivariable linear regression models adjusted for child age, sex, body mass index, and environmental tobacco smoke exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median urinary and toenail arsenic concentrations were 88.0 µg/L (interquartile range [IQR]: 127.4) and 1.7 µg/g (IQR: 2.0), respectively. Children in the highest quartile (Q4) of arsenic exposure had significantly higher fT4 levels compared to those in the lowest quartile (Q1), for both urinary (β = 0.09; 95% CI: 0.005-0.17) and toenail arsenic (β = 0.10; 95% CI: 0.03-0.17). A significant dose-response trend was observed across quartiles, suggesting a potential linear relationship.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that thyroid function may be a sensitive target of arsenic toxicity in early childhood. Longitudinal studies are necessary to assess the long-term effects of early-life arsenic exposure on thyroid function across the life course.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12870816/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145917287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metals in water used by artisanal and small-scale gold miners for gold-mercury amalgamation in Western Kenya.","authors":"Nicolas Raoilimanantsoa, Jared Oremo, Oscar Akello, Winnie Majanga, Shallvine Gunter, George Ayodo, Mehdi Amouei Torkmahalleh, Samuel Dorevitch","doi":"10.1186/s12940-025-01256-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-025-01256-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Workers in artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) are exposed to metals and metalloids (referred to here as \"metals\") while mixing milled ore and elemental mercury to produce a gold-mercury amalgam. Although concentrations of metals in surface waters near ASGM activities have been described, little is known about concentrations of metals in the water-ore-mercury slurry with which workers have extensive dermal contact. We sought to characterize those concentrations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Water samples (n = 76) were collected from amalgamation basins and milled ore washing ponds at 13 ASGM sites in Western Kenya. Samples were filtered and metals in the filtrate and metals retained on filters were analyzed for trace elements by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Based upon the volume filtered and ICP-MS results, total metal concentrations in the original samples (pre-filtration), were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Concentrations of metals in the amalgamation basins were high. The median concentrations of arsenic (240.23 µg/L), chromium (312.97 µg/L) and total mercury (3.52 µg/L) all exceeded Kenya's drinking water standard by several fold. Only 3.38% of arsenic, 0.28% of chromium, 40.51% of manganese, 0.22% of mercury and 0.01% of lead mass were in filtrate, with the remainder of the metal mass retained on filters.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Concentrations of arsenic, chromium, manganese and lead to which ASGM workers are exposed in the amalgamation process were approximately 5-100-fold higher concentrations than reported in prior studies of metals in surface waters near ASGM sites. These findings should be useful in assessments of exposure and health risk of the many thousands ASGM workers who amalgamate milled ore. The high concentrations of As, Mn and Hg put at risk the health of children who live near or work at ASGM sites. Policy measures and changes in occupational practices are urgently needed to reduce Hg use in ASGM and to protect individuals from metals present in milled ore.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12870842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145917343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human biomonitoring in support of the Minamata Convention: a case of phasing out dental amalgam.","authors":"Vanja Usenik, Adna Alilović Osolin, Janja Snoj Tratnik, Marta Jagodic Hudobivnik, Darja Mazej, David Kocman, Davor Kontić, Milena Horvat","doi":"10.1186/s12940-025-01255-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-025-01255-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study analysed urinary mercury (U-Hg) concentrations in 1412 Slovenian children across four human biomonitoring campaigns conducted between 2007 and 2024. Median U-Hg levels declined from 0.76 ng mL−1 (0.72 µg g−1 creatinine) in the 2007 PHIME cohort to 0.22 ng mL−1 (0.21 µg g−1 creatinine) in the 2018–2024 SLO-HBM-II cohort, paralleling a decrease in the prevalence (from 65 to 3%) and the average number of dental amalgam fillings in children. Multilevel mixed-effects models showed a consistent temporal decline in U-Hg that persisted after adjustment for demographic and environmental covariates. In contrast, the inclusion of the amalgam number substantially attenuated the time trend, indicating that reduced amalgam use likely contributed to the observed decrease. As amalgam prevalence fell, other sources of exposure, such as fish consumption, became relatively more prominent predictors of U-Hg, while children living in historically Hg-contaminated areas showed persistently higher levels. Although Slovenia had already phased down dental amalgam in children before ratifying the Minamata Convention, these long-term biomonitoring data illustrate how changes in exposure sources are reflected in internal Hg levels. The study demonstrates the value of repeated national HBM programmes for identifying dominant exposure pathways, investigating their evolution over time, and providing evidence relevant to effectiveness-evaluation frameworks under Article 22 of the Minamata Convention.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12870920/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145905917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of oil spill cleanup-related hydrocarbon exposure with incident hypertension up to 11 years after exposure in the Gulf Long-term Follow-up Study.","authors":"Opal P Patel, Jessie K Edwards, Anna M Kucharska-Newton, Eric A Whitsel, Kate E Christenbury, W Braxton Jackson Ii, Kaitlyn G Lawrence, Patricia A Stewart, Mark R Stenzel, Lawrence S Engel, Dale P Sandler","doi":"10.1186/s12940-025-01253-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-025-01253-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While several studies have found positive associations between exposure to oil spill cleanup-related chemicals and hypertension, no study has examined these associations longitudinally.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined associations of oil spill-related benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and n-hexane (BTEX-H) exposures, individually and as both the aggregate sum (total) of BTEX-H and the BTEX-H mixture with incident hypertension among Gulf Long-term Follow-up (GuLF) Study participants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 18,619 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill cleanup and response workers who enrolled in the GuLF Study (2011-2013). Cumulative exposures to each BTEX-H chemical were estimated with a job-exposure matrix linking detailed self-reported DWH participant work histories to exposure group estimates developed from air monitoring data. We defined incident hypertension as the first self-reported physician diagnosis of hypertension or high blood pressure after each worker's last date of cleanup work, as reported at enrollment or a follow-up interview (2013-2016 or 2017-2021). We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). We used quantile g-computation to estimate the joint effect of the BTEX-H mixture.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately 20% (n = 3,779) of workers reported an incident hypertension diagnosis. Exposures to the individual BTEX-H chemicals were highly correlated (r = 0.87-0.95). The HRs comparing the highest to lowest quartiles of individual BTEX-H and total BTEX-H exposures ranged from 1.27 to 1.35. We found evidence of exposure-response trends across increasing quartiles of exposure. Each one quartile increase in the BTEX-H mixture was positively associated with incident hypertension (HR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.14).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Oil spill cleanup work-related BTEX-H exposures were associated with the risk of incident hypertension, extending prior findings of cross-sectional associations. Since BTEX-H exposures are common in occupational and population settings, these findings may have broader public health implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12860164/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145862345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissecting the effect of long-term exposure to air pollution on risk of dementia in UK Biobank.","authors":"Ensor Rafael Palacios, Chin Yang Shapland, Levi John Wolf, Liv Tybjærg Nordestgaard, Emma Anderson, Chloe Slaney, Dan Bernie, Dann Mitchell, Patrick Gavin Kehoe, Gareth James Griffith, Kate Tilling","doi":"10.1186/s12940-025-01243-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-025-01243-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mounting evidence links air pollution to dementia, the most prevalent cause of cognitive impairment in older people. Here we investigated individual and compound effects of particulate matters (PM₁₀, PM_2.5, PM_coarse, PM_abs) and nitric oxides (NO₂, NO) on risk of all-cause dementia, and its most common subtypes, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VAD), using data from UK Biobank. We addressed factors that hinder causal interpretation of associations previously shown in the literature and their translation into clear public health policies. Specifically: 1) spatial confounding by area-level covariates, 2) collinearity among and identification of the most relevant air pollutants, and 3) the time window for pollution exposure. Furthermore, we used chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and frequency of oily fish intake in positive and negative control analyses. We found NO₂ to be the strongest risk factor for dementia, especially when considering participants with longer permanence at residential address as proxy for longer periods ([Formula: see text] years) of exposure (all-cause dementia hazard ratio HR=1.06, 1.02-1.11 per 9.86 [Formula: see text] interquartile range). There was stronger evidence of an effect on risk for AD than VAD. Positive control analysis did not provide any evidence against causality, although the analyses of spatial confounding and negative control analyses revealed the presence of some residual bias, thus warranting care in the interpretation of the results. Together, our results highlight that targeting air pollution, in particular NO₂ levels, could inform preventive public health policies for dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"96"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12751783/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145855028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological monitoring of occupational exposure to inorganic lead: a comparison between salivary, blood and airborne lead levels.","authors":"Loreta Tobia, Riccardo Mastrantonio, Mario Muselli, Lorenzo De Rossi, Elio Tolli, Vincenza Cofini, Elena Grignani, Angela Gambelunghe, Marco Dell'Omo, Stefano Necozione, Leila Fabiani","doi":"10.1186/s12940-025-01246-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-025-01246-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inorganic lead exposure is a relevant occupational health issue in many industry sectors. European regulations set specific limits for time-weighted chemical airborne exposure and for biological exposure. While blood lead monitoring is the current standard, saliva sampling offers a less invasive alternative for biomonitoring. This study evaluates the potential of salivary lead assessment as an alternative biological matrix for occupational exposure monitoring.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational study was conducted at a lead-acid battery production facility in Central Italy from July to December 2024. Ninety-two male workers participated: 46 occupationally exposed and 46 non-exposed workers. Salivary lead levels were measured using ICP-MS in all participants. Blood lead levels and personal airborne lead assessments were performed in the exposed group. Socio-demographic data were collected through self-administered questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean salivary lead levels were significantly higher in exposed workers (23.3 ± 41.4 ng/swab) compared to non-exposed workers (0.3 ± 0.6 ng/swab, p < 0.001). A moderate positive correlation was found between environmental and salivary lead levels (ρ = 0.5587, p = 0.0003). No significant correlations were observed between blood and salivary lead levels or between environmental and blood lead levels. Occupational exposure and alcohol consumption were significant predictors of salivary lead levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Saliva appears to be a promising alternative matrix for recent lead exposure monitoring, showing better correlation with environmental exposure than blood lead levels. Further research is needed to establish reference values and standardize salivary lead biomonitoring protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"95"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12729134/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145827067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organophosphate ester exposure in pregnancy, gestational weight gain, and postpartum body composition in a U.S.-based longitudinal pregnancy cohort.","authors":"Emily S Barrett, Jonathan Klus, Anushka Pande, Tanzy Love, Sally W Thurston, Jessica Brunner, Kurunthachalam Kannan, Richard K Miller, Susan Groth, Thomas G O'Connor","doi":"10.1186/s12940-025-01251-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-025-01251-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are replacement flame retardants that have been implicated as metabolic disruptors and linked to birth size across a number of epidemiologic studies. Little is known about how OPEs impact maternal weight and body composition from pregnancy through the postpartum period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We measured OPE metabolites in mid-pregnancy urine samples from participants in a pregnancy cohort study based in Rochester, NY, USA. We calculated total gestational weight gain (GWG) based on clinical records (n = 278) and additionally measured weight retention and body fat percentage through bioelectric impedance at 6 (n = 205) and 12 months postpartum (n = 167). We fitted adjusted linear and logistic regression models examining OPE concentrations in relation to the outcome measures and secondarily, fitted models stratified by earliest pregnancy BMI (< 25 kg/m² versus ≥ 25 kg/m²).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In main models, most associations were null. Several highly prevalent OPEs such as bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP; β: -1.02 lbs 95%CI: -2.00, -0.03) were associated with lower GWG, while detection of other, less prevalent OPEs like BMPP (bis(methylphenyl) phosphate; β: 2.86 lbs, 95%CI: -0.21, 5.94) was associated with greater GWG. In stratified analyses, associations tended to be stronger in women who started pregnancy overweight or obese, including findings that several OPEs were associated with higher fat percentage at 6 and 12 months postpartum. Few associations with postpartum weight retention were observed.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Evidence linking gestational OPE exposure with GWG and body composition in the postpartum was limited and mixed, with the strongest associations observed for BDCPP. In light of the growing literature on OPEs' impacts on birth size and child outcomes, greater research into maternal metabolic disruption is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12831425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145793469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Residential proximity to nuclear power plants and cancer incidence in Massachusetts, USA (2000-2018).","authors":"Yazan Alwadi, John S Evans, Joel Schwartz, Carolina L Zilli Vieira, David C Christiani, Brent A Coull, Petros Koutrakis","doi":"10.1186/s12940-025-01248-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-025-01248-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the associations between residential proximity to nuclear power plants and ZIP code-level cancer incidence among Massachusetts residents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed proximity of Massachusetts ZIP codes to nuclear power plants using an inverse-distance weighted metric. We obtained cancer incidence data (2000-2018) from the Massachusetts Cancer Registry. We applied two approaches: (1) longitudinal Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) Poisson regression to evaluate yearly incidences for all cancers combined, and (2) cross-sectional log-linear Poisson regression for site-specific cancers. We adjusted models for PM2.5, demographic, socioeconomic, environmental, and healthcare covariates, and stratified analyses by sex and four age groups (45-54, 55-64, 65-74, 75 +).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Proximity to plants significantly increased cancer incidence, with risk declining by distance. At 2 km, females showed RRs of 1.52 (95% CI: 1.20-1.94) for ages 55-64, 2.00 (1.59-2.52) for 65-74, and 2.53 (1.98-3.22) for 75 + . Males showed RRs of 1.97 (1.57-2.48), 1.75 (1.42-2.16), and 1.63 (1.29-2.06), respectively. Cancer site-specific analyses showed significant associations for lung, prostate, breast, colorectal, bladder, melanoma, leukemia, thyroid, uterine, kidney, laryngeal, pancreatic, oral, esophageal, and Hodgkin lymphoma, with variation by sex and age. We estimated 10,815 female and 9,803 male cancer cases attributable to proximity, corresponding to attributable fractions of 4.1% (95% CI: 2.4-5.7%) and 3.5% (95% CI: 1.8-5.2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Residential proximity to nuclear plants in Massachusetts is associated with elevated cancer risks, particularly among older adults, underscoring the need for continued epidemiologic monitoring amid renewed interest in nuclear energy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"92"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12713251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145774040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}