Environmental Health最新文献

{"title":"Associations of urinary bisphenol A and its emerging substitutes with subfecundity in preconception couples: a prospective nested case-control study.","authors":"Anxin Yin, Lap Ah Tse, An Chen, Lu Cheng, Yuyang Chen, Shiqi Zhang, Zhiqi Lin, Xingying Li, Zhuoyan Zhu, Hanxiao Zhang, Jiufeng Li, Hong Jiang","doi":"10.1186/s12940-026-01276-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-026-01276-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Global infertility rates have noticeably increased in recent decades. The effects of environmental exposures on human fertility have been well-noted. However, Evidence on couple-based preconception exposure to bisphenols (BPs), particularly emerging substitutes, and fecundity remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the exposure profiles of 14 classic and emerging BPs in the preconception period as well as their impacts on couple fecundity, to assess both the individual effects of specific compounds and the combined effects of mixtures in males and females, and to evaluate the health risks induced by BPs exposure after tolerable daily intake (TDI) value was tightened in 2023. METHODS: This nested case-control study involved 1934 preconception individuals in two research sites of China, from October 2016 to May 2025. The case and control groups were comprised of 318 and 649 couples with time to pregnancy (TTP) > 12 and ≤ 12 menstrual cycles, respectively. BPs were quantified in preconception urine samples using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, including novel substitutes that had not been measured and reported in human beings, such as 2,2’-diallyl bisphenol A (DBA) and 4-hydroxy-4’-isopropoxydiphenylsulfone (D8). Generalized linear, weighted quantile sum and Bayesian kernel machine regression models were employed to assess individual and mixture effects of BPs on subfecundity. RESULTS: The positive associations of BPs and subfecundity risks were observed in both females and males. Mixed BPs were positively correlated with subfecundity in females (OR = 2.84, 95% CI: 2.23–3.61), males (OR = 4.21, 95% CI: 3.24–5.47), and couples (OR = 6.73, 95% CI: 4.81–9.41), with DBA and bisphenol AF (BPAF) identified as major contributors. Health risk assessment indicated that although few participants had an estimated daily intake (EDI) exceeding the 2015 TDI (4000 ng/kg bw/day), most (81.8%-100%) surpassed the 2023 TDI (0.2 ng/kg bw/day). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides the first evidence linking novel bisphenols, BPAF and DBA, to increased subfecundity risk and highlights significant health risks in a population with an intention to conceive, underscoring the urgency to regulate a broader range of bisphenols to protect reproductive health. </p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13085263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147354488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attaining neurodevelopmental milestones and exposures to fine particulate matter and environmental green spaces.","authors":"Jackline Vicent Mbishi, Esmée Bijnens, Kim Holvoet, Joni De Haes, Alexander Lepe, Els Ortibus, Gunnar Naulaers, Tim S Nawrot, Marlou LA de Kroon","doi":"10.1186/s12940-026-01283-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-026-01283-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Early-life environmental exposures may influence infant neurodevelopment. We examined associations between perinatal air pollution, green space exposure, and milestone attainment during the first two years. METHODS: We conducted a longitudinal population study of Flemish children born in 2018, using well-baby clinic data (n = 46,584). Outcomes were delay of six milestones within predefined windows assessed using the Dutch version of the Denver Developmental Screener, and the exact age at two milestones. Municipality-level PM2.5, PM10, and green space were assigned. Associations per interquartile-range (IQR) increase were estimated using multivariable logistic and linear regression with multiple imputation. RESULTS: PM2.5 was positively associated with delaying the milestone ‘Points at 6 body parts of a doll’ (OR = 1.13, 95% CI:1.04;1.22). PM10 was positively associated with delaying the milestones ‘Says sentences of 2 words’ (OR = 1.07, 95%CI:1.00;1.13), ‘Points at 6 body parts of a doll’ (OR = 1.11, 95%CI:1.05;1.18), and ‘Pulls up to standing position’ (OR = 1.11, 95%CI:1.02;1.22). Low green was significantly associated with a reduced odds of delaying the milestones ‘Says 2 sound-words with comprehension’ (OR = 0.89, 95%CI:0.85;0.93) and ‘Pulls up to standing position’ (OR = 0.87, 95%CI:0.81;0.94), and negatively associated with walking age in months (B=-0.094, 95%CI:-0.129;-0.059). High green was negatively associated with delaying the milestones ‘Says sentences of 2 words’ (OR = 0.96, 95%CI:0.94;0.99) and ‘Points at 6 body parts of a doll’ (OR = 0.93, 95%CI:0.89;0.96). Total green was negatively associated with delaying the milestones ‘Says 2 sound-words with comprehension’ (OR = 0.94, 95%CI:0.88;0.99) and ‘Points at 6 body parts of a doll’ (OR = 0.95, 95%CI:0.91;0.99), and also with walking age (B=-0.054, 95%CI:-0.089;-0.019). CONCLUSION: PM exposure was linked to delays, while green space exposure showed a protective association. These findings support reducing PM10/PM2.5) and promoting green space exposures for child development. </p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13127036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147343825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies to facilitate the report-back of research results: a systematic review of methods and evaluations.","authors":"Francesca Germano, Taylor Vogel, Marcela Tamayo-Ortiz, Julie Hersbtman, Michael Barton, Katrina M Waters, Lisa M Bramer, Sunil Khanna, Diana Rohlman","doi":"10.1186/s12940-026-01281-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-026-01281-z","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;BACKGROUND: Reporting back of research results (RBRR) is becoming a recognized component of ethical community-engaged and human subjects research. Scholars emphasize the importance of involving participants in developing reports and methods of report-back, arguing that RBRR enhances comprehension, trust, and engagement with findings. Yet, despite growing recognition, standardized guidelines for ethical RBRR remain limited. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic literature review of peer-reviewed studies- primarily in genomics, environmental health, and biomonitoring- to identify RBRR development strategies. Secondarily, we assessed how these strategies may align with the bioethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice to inform future RBRR design. METHODS: A systematic search of Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar yielded 2,164 records; after removing 748 duplicates, 1,416 unique studies were screened, and 32 met the inclusion criteria (peer-reviewed, published 2016–2024, written in English). Studies were required to include primary report-back (e.g., direct return of results to participants) or detailed descriptions of RBRR methods or recommendations. The review followed a PE/IO (Population, Exposure, Intervention, Outcome) framework and adhered to PRISMA guidelines. Risk of bias was assessed using the STROBE cohort study checklist and GRADE criteria. RESULTS: Across studies, RBRR was framed as an ethical obligation, and an opportunity to improve understanding of environmental influences on health. Most emphasized plain-language communication (n = 8), multimodal dissemination (n = 10), and culturally responsive design (n = 4). However, only three studies applied formal communication or evaluation frameworks, and only one-third described how materials were developed. Common evaluation methods included post-report surveys (n = 22), interviews (n = 18), and focus groups (n = 14), however, we noted a lack of consistency in evaluation methods. Collectively, these 32 studies underscored the importance of tailoring materials to population characteristics, providing multiple formats, and experimenting with visual and digital tools to enhance comprehension. Although none cited a bioethical framework, the core principles were reflected in practice: respect for autonomy through participants’ right to know their results; beneficence through the development of accessible, actionable materials; nonmaleficence through anticipating and mitigating anxiety or confusion; and justice through culturally and linguistically appropriate design. Yet, gaps remain, with inconsistent characterization of RBRR methods and limited evaluation of RBRR. This study was limited by the risk of bias in participant selection, as many studies included participants with prior interest in the field of environmental health or emotional investment in the studies. CONCLUSION: Ethical RBRR supports both individual and collective knowledge and","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13059404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147343868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated network toxicology suggests potential mechanisms involving environmental flame retardant TDCPP in ovarian cancer progression via \"liver-to-ovary crosstalk.\"","authors":"Zunlin Shi, Zhi Li, Yirou Li, Fan Yang","doi":"10.1186/s12940-026-01280-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-026-01280-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: The environmental flame retardant tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP) is epidemiologically associated with several core risk factors for ovarian cancer (such as hormonal dysregulation and infertility); however, the molecular mechanisms linking these adverse health outcomes remain unclear. This knowledge gap limits the precision and specificity of risk assessment. This study aims to utilize bioinformatics methods to suggest potential molecular pathways through which TDCPP influences the development of ovarian cancer. METHODS: We employed an integrative analysis strategy combining computational toxicology and multi-omics data. Molecular docking simulations were utilized to evaluate potential molecular binding. Statistical analyses involved differential expression analysis, miRNA target prediction, and pathway enrichment to identify key regulatory networks. RESULTS: Our analysis identified potential associations between TDCPP (and its metabolite BDCPP) and three key ovarian cancer genes related to prognosis: MMP3 (invasion), and CYP3A4 and CYP3A43 (chemotherapy resistance). Multi-omics analysis identified an miRNA signature (miR-3677/3135/4436 family) associated with gene co-regulation. Given the liver-enriched characteristics of these miRNAs, we proposed a novel “liver-to-ovary crosstalk” hypothesis model of distal tumor progression. In this model, TDCPP exposure may involve the release of exosomes carrying dysregulated miRNAs from hepatocytes, thereby potentially remotely regulating ovarian gene expression. Furthermore, molecular docking simulations suggested that TDCPP and BDCPP could theoretically interact with the protein domains of MMP3 and CYP3A4, providing atomic-level clues for potential molecular binding effects. CONCLUSIONS: Starting from epidemiological associations, this study provides bioinformatics evidence regarding potential molecular mechanisms linking TDCPP to ovarian cancer risk. The proposal of miRNA-related regulatory pathways and a “liver-to-ovary crosstalk” hypothesis model offers a new perspective for understanding the systemic toxicity of the environmental pollutant TDCPP. Importantly, these findings provide testable hypotheses for future experimental validation and offer molecular-level clues for interpreting difficult-to-explain clinical cases, highlighting their significant public health and scientific value. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not applicable. </p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13059409/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147343835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of sociodemographic, temporal, and meteorological heterogeneity in the short-term blood pressure response to air pollutants.","authors":"Dikshya Maharjan, Sanjeev Bista, Anaïs Teyton, Rosa Maria Bruno, Andrea Montanari, Dan Zou, Giovanna Fancello, Tarik Benmarhnia, Basile Chaix","doi":"10.1186/s12940-026-01275-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-026-01275-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13059608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147321551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health impacts of micro- and nanoplastics in humans: systematic review of in vivo evidence.","authors":"Hien Anh Anna Tran, John Joson Ng, Daniel Hengyi Tang, Cai Ting Yong, Andrew Fu Wah Ho","doi":"10.1186/s12940-026-01282-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-026-01282-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) are pervasive environmental contaminants with potential human health implications. Although laboratory models implicate MNPs in oxidative stress, inflammation, and endocrine disruption, a comprehensive synthesis of direct in vivo human evidence is lacking. We aimed to systematically review studies measuring MNPs in living human subjects and summarise associated health findings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane and Embase through 26 December 2024. Two investigators independently screened and selected original research articles that quantified MNPs in biological samples from living humans. We excluded animal, in vitro, cell-line, and injection-based studies, as well as reports on non-plastic micro- and nanoparticles. Data extraction, performed in duplicate, included study design, participant characteristics, detection methods, polymer types, and reported health outcomes. Methodological quality was appraised using Risk Of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies-of Exposures (ROBINS-E). The primary outcome was the presence and burden of MNPs; secondary outcomes were clinical or biomarker associations. No metaanalysis was performed due to heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 5 522 records, 25 studies met inclusion. Studies employed pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (n = 9), Raman spectroscopy (n = 8), infrared spectroscopy (n = 7), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (n = 3), often combined with microscopy for MNP detection. Predominant polymers were polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, and polystyrene. In cardiovascular research (5 studies; n = 454), higher thrombus and plasma MNP burdens correlated with inflammatory markers and adverse cardiac events. Reproductive research (seven studies; n = 327) linked semen and tissue MNPs to reduced sperm quality and accumulation in tumor and placental samples. Gastrointestinal research (9 studies; n = 537) associated fecal MNPs with liver enzyme elevations and gut dysbiosis. Respiratory (3 studies; n = 171) and ocular (1 study; n = 49) research detected MNPs in airway fluids and vitreous humor respectively, with links to airway inflammation and increased intraocular pressure. ROBINS-E assessments indicated moderate to high risk of confounding and exposure-measurement bias; consistency across detection modalities was limited.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Human in vivo evidence confirms that MNPs accumulate in multiple organ systems and are associated with inflammation and functional impairment. Methodological heterogeneity and bias constrain causal inference. Prospective cohort studies with rigorous exposure assessment and confounder control are needed to advance understanding and guide policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13049771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147316915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prospective study of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), stress, and birth size in a cohort of U.S. Black women.","authors":"Samantha Schildroth, Birgit Claus Henn, Sharonda M Lovett, Amelia K Wesselink, Yael I Nillni, Wendy Heiger-Bernays, Quaker E Harmon, Anissa I Vines, Donna D Baird, Lauren A Wise","doi":"10.1186/s12940-026-01279-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-026-01279-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and psychosocial stress can dysregulate hormonal processes underlying fetal growth. Less is known about the effect of co-exposure to PFAS and stress on birth size. OBJECTIVE: We investigated associations of a preconception mixture of PFAS with birth size and assessed effect modification by perceived stress. METHODS: We used prospective data from 321 participants from the Study of Environment, Lifestyle, and Fibroids, a cohort of 23-35-year-old women from Detroit, MI who identified as Black/African American. We quantified plasma concentrations of six PFAS in baseline blood samples using online solid-phase extraction-liquid chromatography-isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry. We assessed experience of perceived stress at baseline using the Perceived Stress Scale-4. Participants reported intervening pregnancies at follow-up visits (at ~ 20, 40, and 60 months). We calculated sex-standardized birthweight-for-gestational-age (BW-for-GA) z-scores from reported birthweight and gestational age at delivery. We employed Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression to estimate associations (βs, with 95% credible intervals [CrI]) of the PFAS mixture with BW-for-GA z-scores and assess effect modification by stress scores, adjusting for confounders. RESULTS: The 90th percentile of the mixture (vs. 50th percentile) was weakly associated with higher BW-for-GA z-scores (β = 0.37, 95% CrI=-0.20, 0.95), driven by perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) and stress scores. PFHxS was weakly associated with higher BW-for-GA z-scores, and this association was stronger at higher levels of perceived stress. CONCLUSION: A mixture of PFAS and stress scores was weakly associated with higher BW-for-GA z-scores in a cohort of Black women, with evidence of a PFHxS-stress score interaction. </p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13041095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147316847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CVD Environmental Health Disparities Tool: systematic evidence mapping of psychosocial stressors, environmental exposures, and cardiovascular diseases to inform disparities research and action.","authors":"Ruth M Lunn, Katherine R Helmick, Grace Cooney, Meredith Clemons, Melissa Polansky, Samantha J Snow, Wren Tracy, Darlene Dixon","doi":"10.1186/s12940-026-01269-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-026-01269-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Globally, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and disproportionately affects the poor and certain races and ethnic groups. OBJECTIVES: Identify and map current knowledge on contributors, i.e., psychosocial stressors (PSS) and environmental exposures, to these disparities. PSS may work though the same mechanistic pathways and could also increase the susceptibility of an individual to environmental exposures. METHODS: We conducted systematic evidence mapping constructed from searches performed in PubMed. Study data was extracted for environmental exposures, PSS, CVD-related outcomes, disproportionately affected populations (DAPs), and other characteristics. Finally, we selected four exemplars two environmental exposures (noise, heat/cold), one PSS (discrimination), and one CVD (allostatic load) with varying databases to conduct a more in-depth review and illustrate the utility of the tool. RESULTS: We created the CVD Environmental Health Disparities Tool using data from over 8,000 relevant reviews and primary studies identified from over 53,000 unique references. The publicly available tool consists of six interactive systematic evidence maps (SEMs); three are specific for DAPs and three for all populations. Collectively, these SEMs include 35 environmental exposures, 13 PSS, and > 30 CVD outcomes in 9 populations. Each SEM allows users to visualize and filter the evidence by the extracted data, evaluate patterns, and identify research gaps and identify recommendations to meet those gaps. We found few studies on minority sexual orientation populations, household products, and green spaces. To illustrate the utility of the tool, for each exemplar, we identified recommendations for primary studies, e.g., the need to evaluate the interactions between PSS and environmental exposures (all exemplars), conduct studies in DAPs (e.g., noise, heat/cold for racial and ethnic groups), and determine which exposure-outcome pairs warranted a systemic review (e.g., discrimination and several CVDs) or intervention (e.g., allostatic load could be used to evaluate intervention efficacy). CONCLUSION: Our comprehensive systematic evidence mapping and tool is unique because it provides a comprehensive characterization of studies of environmental exposures and PSS across all CVD outcomes. It is a resource that can be leveraged to inform effective research leading to action and provide knowledge to affected communities and community-based organizations. </p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13059291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147303841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal viruses modify short-term air pollution effects on pediatric wheeze and asthma: a time-series study.","authors":"Sam Louman, Karlijn J van Stralen, Sophie van Vlijmen, Kaj Wage, Emile Hendrix, Leontien van der Aa, Frans B Plötz, Jeroen Hol, Anjali Kooter-Bechan, Gavin Ten Tusscher, Gerard Hoek, Annemie L M Boehmer","doi":"10.1186/s12940-026-01274-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-026-01274-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Short-term exposure to air pollution is a known trigger for pediatric wheeze-associated disorders (WAD), such as acute asthma and virus-induced wheezing, yet few air pollution studies account for concurrent viral circulation, which may confound or modify the observed associations. This study aims to assess whether viral circulation confounds or modifies the association between daily levels of air pollution and pediatric WAD emergency department (ED) visits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a time-series analysis of 12,603 WAD ED visits among children 2-18 years old across eight hospitals in the Netherlands (2016-2023). Quasi-Poisson models estimated associations between same-day nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), fine and coarse particulate matter (PM₂․₅, PM₁₀) and ozone (O₃) and daily WAD ED visits, and adjusted for seasonality, meteorology and pollen. Base models were compared with confounding and interaction models, which included weekly rhinovirus (RV) or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) positivity ratios as covariates or interaction terms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the base models, 3-day lag exposure to NO₂ and PM2.5 was associated with an increase in WAD ED visits (NO₂: ER% 2.9, 95% CI 0.4-5.6; p = 0.025. PM_2.5: ER% 3.6, 95% CI 0.4 - 6.9; p = 0.026). Associations were similar after adjustment for viral activity. The interaction models revealed attenuated effect estimates for NO₂, PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ during relatively high RV activity. O₃ showed a negative association during low RV periods.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, circulating RV modifies, rather than confounds, the association between short-term air pollution and pediatric WAD ED visits. Considering viral activity improves the interpretation of pollution-health associations and may explain inconsistencies across studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13040769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147282806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Air pollution and lung cancer: an investigation of county-level residual incidence rates with smoking eliminated.","authors":"Douglas Myers, Srijana Mainali, Sanzida Afrin, David Kriebel","doi":"10.1186/s12940-026-01277-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-026-01277-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer and this can make it difficult to focus public attention on other preventable causes, like air pollution. To provide easily understandable quantitative information on the relative importance of smoking and air pollution as contributors to lung cancer, we used a two-stage regression method to simulate what would happen to county-level lung cancer rates if smoking were completely eliminated. Residual lung cancer rates would vary substantially among counties after eliminating smoking; the objective of this paper was to identify air pollutants that drive high lung cancer rates post smoking elimination. METHODS: We used multilevel negative binomial regression to model 2019 lung cancer incidence data, provided by the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program, at the county level (n = 1,078), to estimate incidence rates with observed smoking prevalence (lagged 20 years) and with smoking eliminated. In a second step, age-standardized county rates were dichotomized into those above and below the top 20th percentile; logistic regression was used to model the effects of specific air pollutants on the odds of having a high residual lung cancer rate after smoking was eliminated. Using 1999 U.S. EPA data on mean concentrations of carcinogenic air pollutants (lagged 20 years) we evaluated the contributions of: PM2.5, diesel exhaust particulate, benzene, polycyclic organic materials (POM), and radon (chosen a priori) to high county lung cancer rates. RESULTS: Consistent with previous literature, mean PM2.5 concentrations and radon were important contributors to high lung cancer rates after accounting for smoking. Additional lung cancer determinants were mean concentrations of diesel exhaust particulate, benzene, and POM. The contribution of PM2.5 to lung cancer appeared to be largely explained by the 3 more specific pollutants diesel exhaust, benzene, and POM. CONCLUSIONS: The study suggests there are geographic inequities in focusing cancer prevention only on tobacco control because places with high concentrations of carcinogenic air pollutants would still have disproportionately high lung cancer rates, even if smoking could be completely eliminated. These results can be used to identify counties where control of carcinogenic air pollutants might have a particularly important impact on cancer prevention. </p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13036932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147275851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}