Energy and Buildings最新文献

{"title":"A two-stage probabilistic flexibility management model for aggregated residential buildings","authors":"Saeed Akbari ,&nbsp;João Martins ,&nbsp;Luis M. Camarinha-Matos ,&nbsp;Giovanni Petrone","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing integration of renewable energy resources into power systems introduces variability and uncertainty, challenging the availability of flexible resources required to maintain grid stability. Traditionally, flexible ramping relies on conventional generation with fixed capacities, highlighting the need for alternative flexible resources. This study focuses on demand-side resources, such as aggregated residential buildings forming collaborative energy ecosystems with dispatchable flexible assets, as a promising solution to address these challenges. This paper proposes a two-stage probabilistic model for managing the flexibility of aggregated buildings, focusing on maximizing ramping capacity from energy storage systems, thermal loads, and shiftable appliances during intra-day periods. In the first stage, buildings operate normally, optimizing energy exchange based on electricity prices. In the second stage, buildings coordinate in response to aggregator signals by imposing a strategy of maximum anticipation or delay to manage energy exchange. The aggregator then assesses the total potential ramping capacities for market participation. Numerical results and sensitivity analyses demonstrate the model’s effectiveness in accurately assessing aggregated ramp capacity. The findings reveal that the proposed approach significantly enhances residential building flexibility, providing accurate assessments of their contribution to grid stability and enabling efficient participation in flexibility markets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 115404"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On enhancing the performance of modified bitumen through the synergistic mechanism of polyurethane and waste rubber powder","authors":"Zehua Zhu,&nbsp;Peng Xiao,&nbsp;Aihong Kang,&nbsp;Keke Lou,&nbsp;Changjiang Kou,&nbsp;Yujuan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite advancements in bitumen technology, traditional bitumen often fails to meet the increasing demands for durability and environmental sustainability. In this study, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and waste rubber powder (WRP) were utilized to prepare a composite-modified bitumen to overcome the performance limitations of conventional bitumen. The performance of this composite-modified bitumen was comprehensively evaluated through rheological tests, thermal stability tests, infrared spectroscopy, and micro-morphological analysis. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed the molecular-level interactions between TPU and WRP, further explaining the enhancement mechanisms. The study showed that WRP undergoes a crosslinking reaction at high temperatures, enhancing the thermal stability of the composite-modified bitumen, while the elasticity of TPU promotes a microlevel interlocking mechanism that improves mechanical properties and deformation resistance. The optimal mixing ratios of TPU to WRP were determined to be 8 % and 10 %. The three-dimensional network structure formed by the long polymer chains of TPU as the main framework, interspersed with WRP, effectively optimizes the temperature stability and elastic recovery of the bitumen. This study not only fills a critical gap in research on the synergistic effects of TPU and WRP but also provides a theoretical and experimental foundation for developing low-noise, durable bitumen pavements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 115435"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing energy intelligence in Taiwanese office buildings: Utilizing a novel BIM-derived dataset for AI-driven energy consumption prediction","authors":"Ngoc-Mai Nguyen,&nbsp;Febri Wiratama,&nbsp;Anis Sulalah","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research addresses the significant greenhouse gas emissions from the construction sector by focusing on the power consumption of office buildings in Taiwan. It introduces an innovative framework combining Building Information Modeling (BIM) and machine learning (ML) to enhance energy intelligence. A primary objective of this study is the development of the TaiBIM_EnergyOffice dataset using BIM. This dataset, a comprehensive repository of energy consumption patterns specific to typical Taiwanese office buildings, addresses key variables such as architectural configurations, material specifications, and environmental conditions to ensure the factors influencing energy consumption are holistically represented. Using the TaiBIM_EnergyOffice data, ML-driven predictions of annual electricity consumption were generated. Among the models tested, the hybrid FBI_BA models outperformed others, achieving an R2 value of 0.944 and a mean absolute percentage error of 3.45%. These results validate the framework’s effectiveness in providing actionable insights for operational cost evaluation and environmental impact assessment. This study addresses critical gaps in the availability of region-specific datasets and advances the integration of BIM with ML for energy prediction. This integration overcomes the computational limitations of simulation tools and provides rapid, scalable, and insightful energy consumption predictions. By bridging static BIM data with dynamic energy modeling, the framework enhances energy intelligence while supporting the broader goal of reducing environmental impact through energy-efficient building practices in Taiwan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 115420"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143444911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional performance analysis of residential microgrids: A multi-factor assessment of cost, resilience, and environmental impact","authors":"Philip Odonkor,&nbsp;Samuel Ashmore","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microgrids offer a promising way to enhance resilience, sustainability, and decentralization in energy systems. However, their adoption is often limited by the challenge of tailoring solutions to specific locations while keeping deployment scalable and cost-effective. Designing each microgrid to suit local conditions—including local climate patterns, household energy demands, grid reliability, and utility rate structures—often necessitates custom engineering, which inflates costs and delays implementation. This study addresses this challenge by proposing a framework to identify scalable, standardized design archetypes for residential microgrids that integrate photovoltaic (PV) systems and battery energy storage systems (BESS). Through an extensive factorial analysis of 7,200 system configurations across Texas, California, and New York, we demonstrate that PV capacity is the predominant factor driving system performance, accounting for nearly all observed variations. Battery storage, while regionally dependent, exhibits its strongest influence in Texas and a comparatively weaker role in New York. Our findings reveal consistent performance inflection points, with PV capacities covering 40–50% of household consumption driving energy independence, while those exceeding 60% maximize environmental benefits through avoided emissions. Notably, these results highlight a convergence between economic and environmental goals, enabling streamlined design strategies centered on PV systems with regionally optimized battery storage. By offering standardized yet adaptable archetypes which leverage these insights, this framework simplifies microgrid design, reducing costs and complexity while preserving the flexibility needed to address local conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 115433"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance evaluation and development of prefabricated insulation elements for renovation of apartment buildings with autoclaved aerated concrete external walls","authors":"Peep Pihelo,&nbsp;Targo Kalamees","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115439","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The nearly zero energy buildings (nZEB) require foremost that the heat losses of buildings should be reduced significantly in the coming years compared to the present levels. The efficient way to meet these requirements is to renovate apartment and public buildings on an industrial scale with prefabricated insulation elements for the major renovation. The current study presents the design and testing of an innovative building retrofit strategy using prefabricated insulation elements. We show successful implementations and lessons learned from the deep retrofitting of the external wall of a three-story apartment building in Estonia. The building, constructed using autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) panels, underwent a thorough energy renovation process using prefabricated timber-frame insulation elements. Hygrothermal performance was designed, long-term performance was measured, and the simulation model was calibrated with test elements in 2020 and in the renovated building in 2021–2022, in the different critical spots of the external envelope. A series of combinations with insulation elements were analyzed, using building performance simulation software to compare risks and the main hygrothermal properties. The analysis indicated that thermal resistance and water vapor permeability of the wind barrier layer and the performance, presence, or absence of the vapor control layer had the strongest influence on the moisture content and drying (and therefore the risk of mold growth) at the critical points of the insulated exterior wall. An air and vapor control layer with moderate and varying water vapor resistance (<em>S</em>_d ≤ 0.5 m at <em>RH</em> &gt; 85 %) is suggested. It was shown that the critical initial moisture content of the AAC panel exterior layer could reach the level up to <em>w</em> = 65 kg/m³ (<em>u</em> = 0.07 kg/kg) in cold and humid climate conditions, which will dry out in 1–2 years after the installation of prefabricated elements, depending on materials used</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 115439"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A critical assessment on China’s old neighborhood renovation: Barriers analysis, solutions and future research prospects","authors":"Yishuang Liang ,&nbsp;Queena K. Qian ,&nbsp;Bo Li ,&nbsp;Yaning An ,&nbsp;Lei Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The renovation of old neighborhood plays a pivotal role in augmenting the quality of life and catalyzing urban development. Currently, numerous old neighborhoods in China necessitate renovation due to insufficient maintenance and management, inadequate supporting infrastructure, and suboptimal energy efficiency. Despite extensive research and practical endeavors dedicated to old neighborhood renovation, a research gap in critical analysis emerged during the literature review. This study endeavors a comprehensive analysis to delineate the current state of renovation endeavors, elucidate barriers encountered, and propose innovative strategies to surmount these barriers. Firstly, this study provides a comprehensive overview of ongoing status of renovation efforts and their key focal points. Secondly, this study furnishes an encompassing summary of the fundamental aspects of old neighborhood renovation, encompassing sponge city renovation, environmental enhancement, building energy-efficient renovation, elevator installation, and modernizing elderly facilities and services. Furthermore, this paper meticulously analyzes the barriers such as stakeholder conflicts, resident skepticism, funding limitations, divergent perceptions, limited resident participation, and intricate decision-making processes. To solve these identified barriers, some targeted practical solutions are proposed including bolstering the governmental leadership, exploring diversified funding mechanisms, expanding policy implementation agents, improving resident communication, and establishing collaborative multi-party framework. These measures provide practical guidance to facilitate the seamless progression of renovation initiatives. This study aspires to furnish theoretical insights, practical guidance for policy formulation, and actionable recommendations for sustainable urban neighborhood renovation, contributing to the scholarly discourse and practice in this field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 115407"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-optimal dimensioning of hybrid heat pump systems utilizing waste heat from hydrogen production for a kindergarten in cold climate","authors":"Yuchen Ju ,&nbsp;Xinyi Hu ,&nbsp;Juha Jokisalo ,&nbsp;Risto Kosonen ,&nbsp;Tianchen Xue ,&nbsp;Altti Meriläinen ,&nbsp;Antti Kosonen","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing need for environmentally-friendly energy solutions encourages the integration of various renewable energy sources in buildings. District heating (DH) systems, widely applied in northern and central European countries, are efficient in transforming and integrating renewable energy sources in large-scale energy systems. With the growth of hydrogen (H₂) production, there is great potential for utilizing H₂ production excess heat. However, the cost-optimal dimensioning of hybrid heat pump systems considering H₂ production excess heat is still in its infancy. This study examined the cost-optimal dimensioning of energy systems based on the 25-year life cycle cost (LCC). Two types of heat pumps, ground source heat pump (GSHP) and air-to-water heat pump (A2WHP) equipped with photovoltaic (PV) panels have been used in tandem with a DH system to provide heat to a kindergarten in the Nordic region. The comparison included two DH tariffs: the commercial DH prices from a DH company and the zero-emission DH price derived from waste heat generated during H₂ production. The results found that the GSHP with PV and waste heat from H₂ production has the lowest LCC. The utilization of H₂ production waste heat can decrease up to 10 % of HP dimensioning because of a lower DH price in the heating season.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 115430"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field experimental study of the impact of solar radiation on the thermal comfort of occupants near the glazing area in an office building","authors":"Bing Song ,&nbsp;Liu Yang ,&nbsp;Lujian Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ultimate goal of indoor environment design in office buildings is to create a comfortable thermal environment. To satisfy diverse needs, there has been a notable increase in the use of exterior windows in building facades in recent years. This typically results in severe indoor thermal-comfort issues. In this study, a long-term field experiment was conducted in a typical south-facing office during winter, spring, and summer to investigate the thermal comfort of occupants in proximity to glazing. The results indicate that solar radiation transmitted indoors exerts a considerable influence on the thermal comfort of occupants in proximity to glazing. The intensity of solar radiation transmitted indoors has a pronounced impact on the nonuniform thermal environment, wherein the mean radiant temperature distribution is spatially inhomogeneous and exhibits a degree of asymmetric radiant temperature. This effect is observed to diminish as the occupants’ proximity to the window diminishes. The solar-adjusted operative temperature provides an appropriate approach for evaluating or predicting human comfort with direct solar radiation. The sensitivity of occupants to elevated ambient temperature was greater when they were exposed to solar radiation. In the absence of direct solar radiation, the acceptable range of operative temperature ought to be maintained within the range of 22.5 to 25.5 °C. In the presence of direct solar radiation, the acceptable range of solar-adjusted operative temperature should be maintained within the range of 22.0 to 24.5 °C. The deviation between thermal neutrality and thermal comfort is apparent; the deviation between the upper and lower comfort limits is 2.0 °C and 1.6 °C respectively, when occupants are exposed to solar radiation. This deviation indicates that although the thermal sensation reaches neutrality, the occupant may not remain in a comfortable state. Given the crucial function of windows in shaping the indoor thermal environment, the outcomes of this study may assist researchers and designers in selecting more reasonable strategies for improving the indoor thermal environment in buildings with extensive glazing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 115422"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the impact of land-sea distribution on future building energy consumption in Chinese cities under the background of climate change","authors":"Teng Yang ,&nbsp;Wanxiang Yao ,&nbsp;Ting Lei ,&nbsp;Jinfu Cao ,&nbsp;Bart Julien Dewancker","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impact of future global warming on energy consumption of buildings has become a key topic of research in various fields around the world. However, there is a lack of quantitative analysis to consider the relationship between urban land-sea distribution and building energy consumption as well as future trends, and this study aims to address this gap. Based on the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6, we predicted meteorological data and building energy consumption for sixty cities in China with different climate zones and land-sea distributions for the temporal framework of 2050s and 2080s in the future. The results show that urban land-sea distribution has a certain impact on future meteorological data, building heating and cooling loads, and annual total energy consumption. Under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways3-7.0 scenario, compared to the baseline year, it is predicted that by the 2050s, the annual total energy consumption in cold zone will decrease by about 4.79 %, while in hot summer and cold winter zone it will increase by about 13.04 %. By the 2080s, these figures are expected to increase by approximately 5.36 % and 21.5 %, respectively. Based on these findings, this study uses a dimensionless method to quantitatively analyze the relative change patterns of future urban land-sea distribution and building energy consumption. A quantitative model is established to understand the impact of urban land-sea distribution on current and future annual total building energy consumption. The conclusions of this study can provide a reference basis for urban planning and layout, building energy efficiency design and policy-making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 115434"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring cognitive functions variability at ambient temperatures from 20 °C to 48 °C: An fNIRS study","authors":"Jing Geng ,&nbsp;Yin Tang ,&nbsp;Song Wang ,&nbsp;Yan Zhang ,&nbsp;Meng Lan ,&nbsp;Kaixin Shen ,&nbsp;Wenguo Weng","doi":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exposure to elevated temperatures is known to impair task performance and diminish work efficiency. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), celebrated for its non-invasive and portable characteristics, is extensively utilized in brain function research. This study explores the potential of fNIRS signals in assessing cognitive function across a range of ambient temperatures. Twenty-four right-handed university students were subjected to eight temperature conditions (20, 23, 26, 30, 35, 40, 45, and 48 °C) in a climate chamber. Changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (O₂Hb) concentration within the prefrontal cortex (PFC) were measured during both resting and task states using a 22-channel fNIRS system. The data revealed significant variations in brain activity within the lateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) across different temperatures during the resting state. A quadratic relationship (R^2 &gt; 0.7) between ambient temperature and resting state O₂Hb concentrations was established through correlation analysis. Under cognitive tasks, peak activations for the 2-back, trail-making, and addition tests were noted at 20 °C, while the Stroop test reached its peak activation at 26 °C. Further, correlations between task performance and fNIRS-derived cognitive metrics were analyzed. Specifically, the Stroop test displayed pronounced variations in the hemodynamic response function (HRF) relative to ambient temperature, with changes in O₂Hb concentration consistent with variations in task performance as temperatures increased. These findings highlight the reliability of fNIRS as a tool for assessing cognitive dynamics under thermal strain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11641,"journal":{"name":"Energy and Buildings","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 115424"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}