Endocrine journal最新文献

{"title":"Dysregulation of c-Jun (JUN) and FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (FOSB) in obese people and their predictive values for metabolic syndrome","authors":"Chenxi Yang, Yi Chen, Guangfeng Tang, Tongtong Shen, Li Li","doi":"10.1507/endocrj.ej24-0256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1507/endocrj.ej24-0256","url":null,"abstract":"</p><p>The incidences of metabolic syndrome (MetS), denoting insulin resistance-associated various metabolic disorders, are increasing. This study aimed to identify new biomarkers for predicting MetS and provide a novel diagnostic approach. Herein, the expression profiles of c-Jun (JUN) and FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (FOSB) in individuals with obesity and patients with MetS from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to evaluate the messenger RNA levels of JUN and FOSB in the peripheral blood of healthy volunteers (lean and obese) and patients with MetS (lean and obese), along with that in the adipose tissue and peripheral blood of obese mouse model. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the diagnostic value of JUN and FOSB in MetS. The expression profiles and RT-qPCR results showed that JUN and FOSB were highly expressed in individuals with obesity, obese mouse models, and patients with MetS. The ROC analysis results showed an area under the curve values of 0.872 and 0.879 for JUN, 0.802 and 0.962 for FOSB, and 0.946 and 0.979 for JUN–FOSB in the lean group and the group with obesity, respectively, in predicting MetS. Logistic regression analysis showed that the <i>p</i>-values of both JUN and FOSB as MetS-affecting factors were &lt;0.05. Altogether, the findings of this study indicate that both JUN and FOSB, abnormally expressed in individuals with obesity, are good biomarkers of MetS.</p>\u0000<p></p>","PeriodicalId":11631,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine journal","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors on the risk of acute respiratory failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcomes trials","authors":"Yan Wang, Caiyuan Yu, Xiaoyan Zheng, Yaya Wang, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1507/endocrj.ej24-0164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1507/endocrj.ej24-0164","url":null,"abstract":"</p><p>Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are new antidiabetic drugs. Their effects on the respiratory system remain unclear. This study aimed to determine the association between DDP-4 inhibitors and acute respiratory failure (ARF) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A meta-analysis was performed by searching the PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL databases up to July 3^rd, 2024, to identify randomized controlled, double-blind, and placebo controlled-cardiovascular outcomes trials (CVOTs) that enrolled participants with T2DM. A total of 6,532 studies were initially retrieved; ultimately, 5 large CVOTs enrolling 47,714 adult T2DM patients were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, there were a nonsignificant increase in the risk of ARF in the DDP-4 inhibitor group compared with the placebo group (RR, 1.72; 95% CI, 0.59 to 4.97; <i>p</i> = 0.319). This is the first meta-analysis to evaluate the association between DDP-4 inhibitors and ARF among T2DM patients. In general, these findings suggest that DPP-4 inhibitors may slightly, but non-significantly, increase the risk of ARF in T2DM patients. As few studies are available and few ARF events occurred, further well-designed large-scale studies need to be performed.</p>\u0000<p></p>","PeriodicalId":11631,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine journal","volume":"304 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142219399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tofogliflozin attenuates renal lipid deposition and inflammation via PPARα upregulation mediated by miR-21a impairment in diet-induced steatohepatitic mice","authors":"Sae Nishihara, Masahiro Koseki, Katsunao Tanaka, Takashi Omatsu, Ayami Saga, Hiroshi Sawabe, Hiroyasu Inui, Takeshi Okada, Tohru Ohama, Daisuke Okuzaki, Yoshihiro Kamada, Masafumi Ono, Makoto Nishida, Mikio Watanabe, Yasushi Sakata","doi":"10.1507/endocrj.ej24-0087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1507/endocrj.ej24-0087","url":null,"abstract":"</p><p>We previously demonstrated hepatic, cardiac, and skin inflammation in a high-fat diet-induced steatotic liver disease (SLD) model. However, the molecular mechanism in the kidneys in this model remains unclear. It has been recently reported that SGLT2 inhibitors improve chronic kidney disease (CKD). Therefore, we used this model to evaluate the effects of tofogliflozin on renal lipid metabolism and inflammation. Male 8–10-week-old C57Bl/6 mice were fed a high-fat/high-cholesterol/high-sucrose/bile acid (HF/HC/HS/BA) diet with 0.015% tofogliflozin (Tofo group) or an HF/HC/HS/BA diet alone (SLD group). After eight weeks, serum lipid profiles, histology, lipid content, and mRNA/microRNA and protein expression levels in the kidney were examined. The Tofo group showed significant reductions in body (26.9 ± 0.9 <i>vs.</i> 24.5 ± 1.0 g; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and kidney weight compared to those of the SLD group. Renal cholesterol (9.1 ± 1.6 <i>vs.</i> 7.5 ± 0.7 mg/g; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) (12.0 ± 3.0 <i>vs.</i> 8.4 ± 1.5 μEq/g; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) were significantly decreased in the Tofo group. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of fewer lipid droplets. mRNA sequencing analysis revealed that fatty acid metabolism-related genes were upregulated and NFκB signaling pathway-related genes were downregulated in the Tofo group. MicroRNA sequencing analysis indicated that miR-21a was downregulated and miR-204 was upregulated in the Tofo group. Notably, the expression of PPARα, which has been known to be negatively regulated by miR-21, was significantly increased, leading to enhancing β-oxidation genes, <i>Acox1</i> and <i>Cpt1</i> in the Tofo group. Tofogliflozin decreased renal cholesterol and NEFA levels and improved inflammation through the regulation of PPARα and miR-21a.</p>\u0000<p></p>\u0000<img alt=\"\" src=\"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/pub/endocrj/advpub/0/advpub_EJ24-0087/figure/advpub_EJ24-0087.jpg\"/>\u0000<span style=\"padding-left:5px;\">Fullsize Image</span>","PeriodicalId":11631,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine journal","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142219400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of serum levels and DNA methylation of fibroblast growth factor 21 using peripheral blood-derived genomes in patients with obesity.","authors":"Hiroyuki Shinozaki, Shiori Kawai, Mami Gamo-Kawasaki, Ayano Takei, Kyoko Tsujikado, Kazunori Fukuda, Mototaka Yamauchi, Kenji Hara, Takafumi Tsuchiya, Kohzo Takebayashi, Koshi Hashimoto","doi":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ23-0570","DOIUrl":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ23-0570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21, a hormone produced by the liver, improves glucose and lipid metabolism. We recently demonstrated that the FGF21 gene (Fgf21) underwent DNA demethylation in the mouse liver via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α during the fetal to lactation periods. Furthermore, we found that the DNA methylation state of Fgf21 was involved in obesity in adult animals. In the present study, we analyzed the DNA methylation state of the FGF21 gene (FGF21) in obese patients using genomic DNA extracted from human monocytes and macrophages and investigated the pathophysiological significance of the FGF21 expression response to pemafibrate (PM), a PPARα ligand. We examined 67 patients with obesity stratified into in- and outpatient cohorts. A positive correlation was observed between serum FGF21 levels and triglyceride (TG) levels before PM administration. However, changes in serum FGF21 levels following PM administration did not correlate with the FGF21 DNA methylation rate, except at one CpG site. The body mass index (BMI) and serum TG levels positively correlated with the FGF21 DNA methylation rate, particularly at different CpG positions. A negative correlation was observed between absolute changes in serum FGF21 levels and the ratio of change in serum TG levels after PM administration. Collectively, these results indicate the potential of FGF21 DNA methylation as a surrogate indicator of BMI and serum TG levels, while absolute changes in serum FGF21 levels after PM administration may offer prognostic insights into the efficacy of reducing serum TG levels through PM administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":11631,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine journal","volume":" ","pages":"907-924"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141442341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-analysis of the clinical efficacy of liraglutide in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.","authors":"Yuan-Yuan Xu, Xu Wang, Yu-Qing She, Jie Liu, Qing Zhang","doi":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ24-0168","DOIUrl":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ24-0168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy of liraglutide in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by comparing liraglutide with placebo or other drugs (mainly insulin). The PubMed, Web of Science, and National Library of Medicine databases were systematically searched from their inception until December 1, 2023. A meta-analysis was performed using Stata 15.1 software. A total of 12 studies with 13 outcome measures were included. The meta-analysis results revealed that liraglutide significantly reduced body mass index (mean difference [MD] = -1.06, 95%CI: -1.41, -0.70, p < 0.001), triglycerides (MD = -0.35, 95%CI: -0.61, -0.09, p = 0.0009), visceral adipose tissue (MD = -21.06, 95%CI: -34.58, -7.55, p = 0.002), and subcutaneous adipose tissue (MD = -20.53, 95%CI: -29.15, -11.90, p < 0.001) levels in patients with T2DM and NAFLD. Of the 11 studies, 2 reported the occurrence of adverse reactions, which were primarily gastrointestinal. Compared with placebo and other drugs (e.g., insulin), liraglutide may improve glucose metabolism, lipid and liver function parameters, and visceral and subcutaneous fat in patients with T2DM and NAFLD, thus constituting an effective treatment for these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11631,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine journal","volume":" ","pages":"881-894"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141442344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between previous consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and diabetes remission in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic ketoacidosis.","authors":"Shanshan Li, Jinying Wang, Junping Zhang, Yun Zou, Yuanyuan Deng, Jixiong Xu","doi":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ24-0042","DOIUrl":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ24-0042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the potential correlation between the immoderate intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and the subsequent rate of diabetes remission (DR). 206 individuals who met the eligibility criteria between January 2019 and June 2022 were recruited. Inquiries were conducted to gather information on the participants' beverage consumption before the onset. Subsequently, the participants were separated into the diabetes remission group (DR group) and nondiabetes remission group (NDR group) depending on whether they met the diagnostic criteria for diabetes remission. Baseline clinical elements within the two groups were juxtaposed, and factors influencing diabetes remission were identified through logistic regression analyses. The cutoff values of each critical factor were determined based on the receiver operating characteristic curve. One hundred and nine patients reported a history of SSB consumption, while the remaining 58 reported no such history. After 1 year, 40 patients achieved remission from diabetes. Compared with the NDR group, a higher SSBs ratio, body mass index (BMI), and blood creatinine (BCr) was observed in the DR group after adjusting for confounders, SSBs (odds ratio [OR] = 3.503; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.334-9.202; p = 0.011) and BCr (OR = 1.038; 95% CI = 1.003-1.079; p = 0.042) emerged as independent predictors of DR. The composite index of SSBs and BCr efficaciously predicted DR (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = 0.810, p < 0.001). SSBs and BCr were independent risk factors for DR. The amalgamation of these markers could more accurately predict DR.</p>","PeriodicalId":11631,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine journal","volume":" ","pages":"863-871"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141310350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[¹⁸F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 noninvasive imaging of insulinoma negative for insulin immunostaining on specimen from endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration: a case report with review of literature.","authors":"Daisuke Otani, Takaaki Murakami, Saeko Murakami, Ikuko Hanaoka, Hiroyuki Fujimoto, Yoichi Shimizu, Kanae Kawai Miyake, Kentaro Sakaki, Yohei Ueda, Daisuke Tanaka, Tsuyoshi Ohno, Hironori Shimizu, Naoki Uyama, Norishige Iizuka, Daisuke Yabe, Yuji Nakamoto, Nobuya Inagaki","doi":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ24-0187","DOIUrl":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ24-0187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Insulinomas are the most common functional pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm; when treatment is delayed, they induce hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, which is life-threatening. As surgical resection is the only curative treatment for insulinoma, preoperative localization is crucial; however, localization based on conventional imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging is often inconclusive. Somatostatin receptor-targeted imaging is another option for detecting pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms but has low sensitivity and is not specific for insulinoma. The clinical application of other localizing approaches such as selective arterial calcium stimulation and endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is limited by their being invasive and/or technically complex. Moreover, an EUS-FNA specimen of an insulinoma may be negative on insulin immunostaining. Thus, a noninvasive and clinically practical insulinoma-specific diagnostic tool to discriminate insulinomas with high accuracy is anticipated. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R)-targeted imaging has emerged in the effort to fulfill this need. We recently developed the novel fluorine-18-labeled exendin-4-based probe conjugated with polyethylene glycol, [¹⁸F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 (¹⁸F-exendin-4) for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and reported its clinical benefit in a case of insulinoma in the pancreatic tail. We report here a case of insulinoma in the pancreatic head in which an EUS-FNA specimen was negative on insulin immunostaining while precise preoperative localization and conclusive evidence for curative enucleation was provided by ¹⁸F-exendin-4 PET/CT (Japan Registry of Clinical Trials; jRCTs051200156).</p>","PeriodicalId":11631,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine journal","volume":" ","pages":"925-933"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141261516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological roles of growth hormone/prolactin from an evolutionary perspective.","authors":"Yasumasa Iwasaki, Mitsuru Nishiyama, Dylan Corcoran, Takako Araki","doi":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ24-0118","DOIUrl":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ24-0118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) are usually recognized as pituitary hormones, their expression is not restricted to the adenohypophysis and can also be found in extra-pituitary tissues including placenta. Furthermore, GH, PRL, and their receptors structurally belong to the cytokine family of proteins, and indeed they have remarkable pleiotropic effects. In this review, we analyzed the biological roles of GH/PRL from an evolutionary perspective. We have recognized that the biological significance of GH/PRL can be summarized as follows: cytokines (metabokines) that regulate the shift of nutrients and even of whole bodies to live in the most appropriate environment(s) for conducting growth and reproduction. In this sense, the common keyword of the two metabokines is \"shift\" for environmental adaptation. Considering that these metabokines flexibly changed their biological roles, GH/PRL may have played important roles during vertebrate evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":11631,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine journal","volume":" ","pages":"827-837"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141442342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic effect of selective interleukin-2-inducible tyrosine kinase inhibitor in orbital fibroblasts from patients with Graves' orbitopathy.","authors":"Yeonjung Yoon, Hyun Young Park, Min Kyung Chae, Sun Young Jang, Jin Sook Yoon","doi":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ23-0729","DOIUrl":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ23-0729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interleukin-2-inducible tyrosine kinase (ITK) is a crucial cytoplasmic protein in the T-cell signaling pathway. Here, we aimed to demonstrate the anti-inflammatory effect of the selective IL-2-induced tyrosine kinase inhibitor BMS-509744 (BMS) on Graves' orbitopathy (GO) in an in vitro model. ITK mRNA expression in orbital tissues from GO and normal controls was compared using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. Primary cultured orbital fibroblasts from each group were pretreated with BMS and stimulated with interleukin (IL)-1β to induce inflammatory reaction. ITK mRNA expression was evaluated using western blotting, and inflammatory cytokine production and downstream transcription factor expression were analyzed after pretreatment with BMS. ITK mRNA expression in GO tissues was significantly higher than that in normal control tissues. After stimulation with IL-1β, ITK phosphorylation significantly increased in both GO orbital and normal control tissues. BMS inhibited IL-1β-induced IL-8 expression in the GO orbital fibroblasts. BMS pretreatment significantly suppressed NF-κB phosphorylation in both GO and normal controls. The selective ITK inhibitor attenuates proinflammatory cytokine production and proinflammatory transcription factor phosphorylation in in vitro model of GO.</p>","PeriodicalId":11631,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine journal","volume":" ","pages":"851-861"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141310352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms and diabetic retinopathy risk: an umbrella review.","authors":"Shaofen Huang, Yonghui Feng, Ying Sun, Jiazi Liu, Pu Wang, Jingrong Yu, Xin Su, Shasha Han, Shiqi Huang, Haokun Huang, Shiyun Chen, Ying Xu, Fangfang Zeng","doi":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ23-0564","DOIUrl":"10.1507/endocrj.EJ23-0564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This umbrella review was conducted aiming to assess the association between genetic variations and the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR) by collecting and evaluating available systematic reviews and meta-analysis results. We evaluated the methodological quality using the Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) 2.0, estimated the summary effect size by using the random effects model and calculated the 95% prediction intervals (PIs). Evidence from the included meta-analyses was graded according to established criteria as follows: convincing, highly suggestive, suggestive, weak, or not significant. This umbrella review included 32 meta-analyses of 52 candidate SNPs. The 12 selected meta-analyses were rated as \"high,\" 2 studies were rated as \"moderate,\" 11 studies were graded as \"low,\" and the remaining 7 studies were graded as \"critically low\" in terms of methodological quality. Carriers of specific genotypes and alleles of the transcription Factor 7-like 2 C/T (TCF7L2 C/T) polymorphism (rs7903146, p < 0.001) might be more susceptible to the occurrence of DR in the homozygous and recessive models, and these associations were supported by \"convincing\" evidence. Significant associations were also found between interleukin-6 (IL-6) -174 G/C (rs1800795; p < 0.05) or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) polymorphisms (rs2010963, rs699947, rs1570360, rs2010963, rs699947, rs2146323; all p values <0.05) and DR risk, but these associations were supported by \"weak\" evidence. The TCF7L2 C/T variant could be identified as a definitive genetic risk factor for the development and progression of DR. Data from additional in-depth studies are needed to establish robust evidence for the associations between polymorphisms of IL-6 or VEGF and DR.</p>","PeriodicalId":11631,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine journal","volume":" ","pages":"839-849"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141733818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}