EKSPLORIUM最新文献

{"title":"Proses Pembentukan dan Asal Material Formasi Kayasa di Halmahera Berdasarkan Unsur Jejak dan Unsur Tanah Jarang","authors":"Ronaldo Irzon","doi":"10.17146/EKSPLORIUM.2019.40.1.5445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17146/EKSPLORIUM.2019.40.1.5445","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAKKerumitan pembentukan batuan di Pulau Halmahera dipengaruhi konvergensi setidaknya tiga lempeng besar dan posisinya yang berada dalam kolisi aktif dua busur. Formasi Kayasa adalah salah satu dari empat satuan batuan gunung api di Pulau Halmahera. Analisis petrografi, unsur jarang, dan unsur tanah jarang (UTJ) dimanfaatkan untuk mempelajari proses pembentukan maupun asal materi batuan Formasi Kayasa. Mikroskop bipolar dimanfaatkan pada studi petrografi sedangkan Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry digunakan untuk analisis kandungan unsur jejak dan unsur tanah jarang terhadap tujuh sampel segar dan empat batuan teralterasi maupun lapuk pada domain Formasi Kayasa. Seluruh sampel segar diklasifikasikan sebagai andesit-basalt berdasarkan perbandingan komposisi kuarsa, K-felspar, dan plagioklas. Kristalisasi fraksional plagioklas diduga berperan penting dalam proses pembentukan Formasi Kayasa. Batuan segar pada studi ini diperkirakan terkristalisasi pada kondisi oksidatif dalam lingkungan laut sedangkan batuan teralterasi atau lapuk terbentuk pada lingkungan reduktif di atas permukaan laut. Berdasarkan pengamatan megaskopis dan pola diagram laba-laba UTJ, material pembentukan Formasi Kayasa sangat mungkin berasal dari lempeng samudera.ABSTRACTThe complexity of rock formation on Halmahera Island is influenced by convergences of at least three main plates and is located in the active collision of two arcs. The Kayasa Formation is one of four volcanic rock units on Halmahera Island. Petrographic analysis, rare elements, and rare earth elements (REE) are applied in studying the rock emplacement process and the material source of Kayasa Formation. Bipolar microscopy is utilized in petrographic studies while Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry is used for measuring the trace and rare earth elements compositions in seven fresh samples and four altered/weathered rocks in Kayasa Formation’s domain. The fresh samples are classified as andesite-basalt based on quartz, K-feldspar, and plagioclase modal composition. Plagioclase fractional crystallization is thought to play an important role in the crystallization of Kayasa Formations. Fresh rocks in this study tend to crystallize under oxidative conditions in the marine environment, whilst altered or weathered ones formed in a reductive environment above sea level. Based on megascopic observations and REE patterns, the material of Kayasa Formation is very likely derived from the ocean plate.","PeriodicalId":11616,"journal":{"name":"EKSPLORIUM","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86139995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Penentuan Kondisi Optimum Proses Ekstraksi Uranium dan Torium dari Terak II Timah dengan Metode Pelindian Asam Sulfat dan Solvent Extraction Trioctylamine (TOA)","authors":"Mutia Anggraini, Fuad Nawawi, K. Widana","doi":"10.17146/EKSPLORIUM.2019.40.1.5378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17146/EKSPLORIUM.2019.40.1.5378","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAKTerak II timah merupakan produk hasil samping dari peleburan timah tahap kedua. Terak II timah ini mengandung unsur bernilai ekonomi tinggi berupa unsur radioaktif (uranium dan torium) dan logam tanah jarang (rare earth element). Unsur-unsur tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan apabila telah terpisah satu dengan lainnya. Proses pemisahan unsur radioaktif dan unsur logam tanah jarang telah dilakukan dengan metode pelindian asam sulfat. Hasil proses ini adalah endapan yang mengandung logam tanah jarang dan filtrat yang mengandung unsur radioaktif berupa uranium dan torium sulfat. Penelitian terkait pemisahan uranium dan torium hasil pengolahan terak II timah hanya sedikit dipublikasikan. Paper ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas proses pemisahan uranium dan torium dengan metode solvent extraction menggunakan trioctylamine (TOA). Proses solvent extraction dilakukan dengan memvariasikan konsentrasi TOA yang digunakan, perbandingan fase aqueous dan fase organik (A/O) dan variasi waktu ekstraksi. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh kondisi optimum proses yaitu konsentrasi TOA 4%, perbandingan A/O 1 : 1, dan waktu pencampuran aqueous dan organik selama 2 menit. Pada kondisi ini uranium dan torium yang terekstrak masing-masing sebanyak 67% dan 0,84%. ABSTRACTTin slag II is a by-product of the second stage of tin smelting. The tin slag II contains high economic value elements in the form of radioactive elements (uranium and thorium) and rare earth elements. These elements can be utilized if they are separated from each other. The process of separating radioactive elements and rare earth elements has been carried out by leaching sulfuric acid method. The results of this process are residue containing rare earth elements and filtrates containing radioactive elements in the form of uranium and thorium sulfate. Research related to the separation of uranium and thorium sulfate in tin slag processing is only slightly published. This paper aims to determine the effectiveness of the uranium and thorium separating process by the solvent extraction method using trioctylamine (TOA). The solvent extraction process is carried out by varying the concentration of TOA used, comparison of the aqueous and organic phase (A/O) and variations in extraction time. In this study, the optimum conditions for the process were obtained at 4% of TOA concentration, 1 : 1 of A/O ratio, and mixing time of aqueous and organic phase for 2 minutes. In this condition, uranium and thorium which extracted were 67% and 0.84% respectively.","PeriodicalId":11616,"journal":{"name":"EKSPLORIUM","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79056414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifikasi Keterdapatan Mineral Radioaktif pada Urat-Urat Magnetit di Daerah Ella Ilir, Melawi, Kalimantan Barat","authors":"Ngadenin Ngadenin, Frederikus Dian Indrastomo, W. Widodo, K. Widana","doi":"10.17146/EKSPLORIUM.2019.40.1.5350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17146/EKSPLORIUM.2019.40.1.5350","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAKElla Ilir secara administratif terletak di Kabupaten Melawi, Kalimantan Barat. Geologi regional daerah Ella Ilir tersusun atas batuan malihan berumur Trias–Karbon yang diterobos oleh batuan granitik berumur Yura dan Kapur. Keterdapatan mineral radioaktif di daerah tersebut terindikasi dari radioaktivitas urat-urat magnetit pada batuan malihan berumur Trias–Karbon dengan kisaran nilai 1.000 c/s hingga 15.000 c/s. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan jenis cebakan mineral bijih dan mengidentifikasi keterdapatan mineral radioaktif pada urat-urat bijih magnetit di daerah Ella Ilir. Metode yang digunakan adalah pemetaan geologi, pengukuran radioaktivitas, analisis kadar uranium, dan analisis mineragrafi beberapa sampel urat bijih magnetit. Litologi daerah penelitian tersusun oleh kuarsit biotit, metatuf, metabatulanau, metapelit, granit biotit, dan riolit. Sesar sinistral barat-timur dan sesar dekstral utara-selatan merupakan struktur sesar yang berkembang di daerah ini. Komposisi mineral urat-urat magnetit terdiri dari mineral-mineral bijih besi, sulfida, dan radioaktif. Mineral bijih besi terdiri dari magnetit, hematit, dan gutit. Mineral sulfida terdiri dari pirit, pirhotit, dan molibdenit sedangkan mineral radioaktif terdiri dari uraninit dan gumit. Keterdapatan urat-urat bijih magnetit dikontrol oleh litologi dan struktur geologi. Urat-urat magnetit pada metabatulanau berukuran tebal (1,5–5 m), mengisi rekahan-rekahan yang terdapat di sekitar zona sesar. Sementara itu, urat-urat magnetit pada metapelit berukuran tipis (milimetrik–sentimetrik), mengisi rekahan-rekahan yang sejajar dengan bidang sekistositas. Cebakan mineral bijih di daerah penelitian adalah cebakan bijih besi atau cebakan bijih magnetit berbentuk urat karena proses hidrotermal magmatik.ABSTRACTElla Ilir administratively located in Melawi Regency, West Kalimantan. Regional geology of Ella Ilir area is composed of metamorphic rocks in Triassic–Carboniferous age which are intruded by Jurassic and Cretaceous granitic rocks. Radioactive minerals occurences in the area are indicated by magnetite veins radioactivities on Triassic to Carboniferous metamorphic rocks whose values range from 1,000 c/s to 15,000 c/s. Goal of the study is to determine the type of ore mineral deposits and to identify the presence of radioactive mineral in magnetite veins in Ella Ilir area. The methods used are geological mapping, radioactivity measurements, analysis on uranium grades, and mineragraphy analysis of severe magnetite veins samples. Lithologies of the study area are composed by biotite quartzite, metatuff, metasilt, metapellite, biotite granite, and ryolite. The east-west sinistral fault and the north-south dextral fault are the developed fault structures in this area. Mineral composition of magnetite veins are consists of iron ore, sulfide, and radioactive minerals. Iron ore mineral consists of magnetite, hematit, and goetite. Sulfide minerals consist of pyrite, pirhotite, and molybd","PeriodicalId":11616,"journal":{"name":"EKSPLORIUM","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83376574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pemisahan Cerium dari Logam Tanah Jarang Hidroksida Melalui Kalsinasi dan Pelindian Menggunakan HNO3 Encer","authors":"Kurnia Trinopiawan, Maria Veronica Purwani, Mutia Anggraini, Riesna Prassanti","doi":"10.17146/EKSPLORIUM.2019.40.1.5411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17146/EKSPLORIUM.2019.40.1.5411","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAKAplikasi Logam Tanah Jarang (LTJ) banyak digunakan di berbagai bidang yang berhubungan dengan modernisasi. Hal ini menyebabkan banyak perusahaan mengembangkan teknik pengolahan untuk mengekstraksi LTJ dari deposit mineral tanah jarang. Pengolahan LTJ hidroksida menjadi cerium oksida, lanthanum oksida dan konsentrat neodimium telah dilakukan oleh PSTA-BATAN bekerjasama dengan PTBGN-BATAN. Setelah dilakukan kajian keekonomian, ternyata penggunaan asam nitrat pekat pada proses pelarutan cerium meyebabkan pemakaian ammonia berlebih. Oleh karena itu, inovasi proses perlu dilakukan menggunakan metode kalsinasi dan pelindian hasil kalsinasi dengan HNO3 encer. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas proses kalsinasi dan pelindian dengan HNO3 encer. Kalsinasi pada suhu 1000°C dengan parameter yang diamati adalah waktu kalsinasi, konsentrasi HNO3, dan tingkat pelindian. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa kalsinasi dapat mengkonversi LTJ hidroksida menjadi LTJ oksida. Semakin lama waktu kalsinasi, LTJ oksida yang terbentuk semakin sempurna. Proses kalsinasi selama tiga jam meningkatkan kadar La, Ce, dan Nd yang semula 7,80%; 28,00%; dan 15,11% menjadi 12,69%; 45,50%; dan 24,45%. Kinetika reaksi kalsinasi LTJ hidroksida mengikuti proses reaksi kimia dengan persamaan y = 0,3145x + 0,0789 dan R2 = 0,9497. Kemudian, LTJ oksida hasil kalsinasi direaksikan dengan HNO3 encer. Semakin besar konsentrasi HNO3 pada berbagai tingkat pelindian, efisiensi pelindian La dan Nd semakin besar sedangkan Ce tidak dapat dilakukan pelindian atau efisiensi pelindian mendekati nol. Proses pelindian optimum pada kondisi pelindian tiga tingkat menggunakan 1 M HNO3. Kinetika reaksi pelindian mengikuti model susut inti reaksi kimia permukaan dengan persamaan y = 0,1732x – 0,2088 dan R2 = 0,9828.ABSTRACTApplication of Rare Earth Elements (REE) uses broadly in various fields related to modernization. It causes many companies are developing processing techniques to extract REE from rare earth mineral deposits. REE hydroxide processing into cerium oxide, lanthanum oxide, and neodymium concentrates has conducted by PSTA-BATAN in collaboration with PTBGN-BATAN. The previous economic study issued in excessive ammonia caused by the use of concentrated nitric acid in the cerium dissolution process. Therefore, process innovation is necessary to do by calcination and leaching methods using dilute HNO3. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of the calcination and leaching process with dilute HNO3. Calcination conducted at 1000°C temperatures with the observing parameters is calcination time, HNO3 concentration, and leaching rate. The result of the study is that calcination can convert REE hydroxide into REE oxide. The longer calcination time, the easier the REE oxide formed. The three hours calcination process enhances the concentration of La, Ce, and Nd from 7.80%, 28.00%, and 15.11% to 12.69%, 45.50%, and 24.45% respectively. The kinetic reaction of the RE(OH","PeriodicalId":11616,"journal":{"name":"EKSPLORIUM","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88445165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pendugaan Awal Patahan di Pulau Jawa Menggunakan Anomali Gravitasi dan Riwayat Kegempaan","authors":"Theo Alvin Ryanto, Hadi Suntoko, A. Setiaji","doi":"10.17146/EKSPLORIUM.2019.40.1.5470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17146/EKSPLORIUM.2019.40.1.5470","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAKInformasi mengenai keberadaan patahan sangat diperlukan dalam perencanaan pembangunan industri, terutama pada perencanaan tapak Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Nuklir (PLTN). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat dugaan awal keberadaan patahan di Pulau Jawa dengan menggunakan data anomali gravitasi udara bebas dan riwayat kegempaan. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah dengan memisahkan data anomali gravitasi regional dan residual. Data tersebut kemudian dianalisis dengan cara menarik garis kemenerusan kontras nilai anomali gravitasi regional dan residual yang memiliki kecocokan dengan kemenerusan sebaran titik episentrum gempa. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, beberapa kelurusan di Pulau Jawa diperkirakan sebagai patahan yang berarah relatif utara-selatan dan barat-timur.ABSTRACTInformation related to the fault existences is needed for industrial development planning, mainly on the Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) site planning. This study is aimed to build preliminary prediction on faults existence in Java Island by using free-air gravity and earthquakes history data. The methodologies are separating regional with residual gravity anomalies and then analyzing them by correlating the continuity of their contrast values which have similarities with the distribution of earthquakes epicenters point. Based on the analysis, some lineaments in Java Island are predicted as faults which relatively directing to north-south and west-east.","PeriodicalId":11616,"journal":{"name":"EKSPLORIUM","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77708447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pemanfaatan Alumina Waste dari Tailing Bauksit Menjadi Zeolit Adsorben","authors":"Sy Indra Septiansyah, Maya Santi","doi":"10.17146/EKSPLORIUM.2018.39.2.4982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17146/EKSPLORIUM.2018.39.2.4982","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAK Alumina waste dari tailing bauksit merupakan produk samping yang berasal dari hasil benefisiasi bijih bauksit. Proses benefisiasi dilakukan dengan cara memisahkan partikel-partikel yang ada seperti lumpur atau clay, akar-akar, butiran bijih bauksit berkisar 2 mm yang dibuang atau menjadi waste product atau disebut sebagai limbah tailing. Tingginya kadar alumina dan silika dalam tailing bauksit menjadi salah satu alasan mengapa tailingini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan dasar dalam pembuatan produk baru yaitu zeolit sintetis. Zeolit sintetis dipilih karena zeolit merupakan produk impor, harganya mahal dan memiliki sifat yang seragam serta >150 jenis zeolit sintetis dapat dibuat secara komersial dan bahkan di industri zeolit dapat dimanfaatkan secara luas sebagai adsorben, penukar ion, membrane, katalis, dan lain-lain.Hasil analisis kimia tailing bauksit menunjukkan komposisi: alumina (Al2O3) sekitar 49,41%, silika (SiO2) sekitar 12,58%, hematit (Fe2O3) sekitar 10,6% dan beberapa oksida anorganik lainnya dalam jumlah yang kecil. Proses konversi tailing  bauksit menjadi zeolit adsorben dilakukan dengan metode fusi kaustik untuk mendapatkan ekstrak fusi (mother liquor) kemudian dilanjutkan dengan penambahan prekursor natrium silikat dengan formula sintesis Si/Al(1:1). Kristalisasi produk dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode hidrotermal pada suhu rendah  dengan variable waktu inkubasi yang ditentukan. Reaksi sodium aluminat dan sodium silikat telah mentransformasi fasa amorf gel menjadi fasa kristalin zeolit yang berbentuk serbuk putih halus.ABSTRACTA lumina waste from bauxite tailings is the by products derived from bauxite ore beneficiation. The beneficiation process is done by separating the particles that exist such as mud or clay, roots, grain, bauxite ore ranges from 2 mm are discarded or be referred to as a waste product or tailings. High concentration of alumina and silica in bauxite tailings considered as one of the reasons why these tailings can be used as base material in the making new products, namely synthetic zeolites. Zeolites synthetic is selected because zeolites are imported, expensive and have uniform properties and >150 types of synthetic zeolites can be made commercially and even in industrial zeolite can be used widely as an adsorbent, ion exchange, membranes, catalysts, etc. The chemical analysis of bauxite tailings showed the composition of alumina (Al2O3) is approximately 49.41% silica (SiO2) is about 12.58%, hematite (Fe2O3) is approximately 10.6% and some other inorganic oxides are small amounts. The conversion process bauxite tailings into zeolite is carried out by caustic fusion method to extract the fusion (alumina precursor) followed by the addition of sodium silicate precursor with synthesis formula 1.2Na2O.0.5SiO2.0.5Al2O3.10H2O and crystallization products is carried out by the hydrothermal method at low temperatures with variable incubation period specified. The results showed that the zeolite synthesis of b","PeriodicalId":11616,"journal":{"name":"EKSPLORIUM","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75850746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perhitungan Stage Mixer Settler untuk Pemurnian Torium (Th) dari Pelarutan Monasit","authors":"Hafni Lissa Nuri, P. Prayitno, Abdul Jami","doi":"10.17146/EKSPLORIUM.2018.39.2.4524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17146/EKSPLORIUM.2018.39.2.4524","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAK Monasit (Ce, La, Nd, Th,)PO4 dengan kandungan torium (Th) antara 3-4% cukup signifikan untuk diproses menghasilkan Th. Pengolahan awal dilakukan dengan pelindian monasit menggunakan reagen basa karbonat (Na2CO3) untuk mengambil uraniumnya. Sisa tailing dilarutkan dengan asam sulfat untuk menghasilkan larutan Th(SO4)2 yang kemudian dimurnikan dari unsur-unsur pengotornya. Pengolahan dilakukan secara kontinyu menggunakan mixer settler dengan tahapan proses meliputi proses ekstraksi Th, stripping Th dan regenerasi pelarut organik. Ekstraksi Th menggunakan pelarut organik Primene JM-T (RNH2) yang merupakan campuran dari 0,15M Primene JM; 5% Tridecanol; dan 95% Kerosin. Sementara itu, proses stripping Th menggunakan larutan 2M HCl. Untuk efisiensi maka regenerasi pelarut organik menggunakan 1% H2SO4. Untuk mendapatkan recovery dan kemurnian yang tinggi dari Th, penghitungan jumlah stage mixer settler diperlukan dengan menggunakan metode McCabe Thiele. Dari hasil perhitungan diperoleh jumlah stage dalam proses ekstraksi Th adalah 3, proses stripping Th adalah 3 dan regenerasi pelarut organik adalah 2. Recovery total Th sebesar 84,90% diperoleh dengan kemurnian produk mencapai 99,02%. ABSTRACT Monazite (Ce, La, Nd, Th)PO4 with thorium (Th) content between 3-4 % is significant enough to be processed to produce Th. The initial treatments conducted by using carbonate base reagents (Na2CO3) for monazite leaching to fetch the uranium. The remaining tailings were dissolved with sulfuric acid to produce Th(SO4)2 solution which is then purified from its impurities. The processing is carried out continuously using a mixer settler with the process steps include Th extraction, Th stripping, and organic solvents regeneration. Thorium extraction uses a primene JM-T (RNH2) organic solvent which is a mixture of 0.15M Primene JM; 5% Tridecanol and 95% Kerosine. Meanwhile, the Th stripping process uses 2M HCl solution. For efficiency, regeneration of organic solvents uses 1% H2SO4. To obtain a high recovery and purity from Th, it is necessary to calculate the number of stage mixer settlers using the McCabe Thiele method. Based on the calculation, the number of stage for extraction process, Th stripping, and organic solvents regeneration are 3, 3, and 2 respectively. The total recovery of Th is obtained at 84.90 % where product purity reaches 99.02 %.","PeriodicalId":11616,"journal":{"name":"EKSPLORIUM","volume":"220 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90486969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpretasi Bawah Permukaan Berdasarkan Distribusi Nilai Tahanan Jenis di Daerah Puspiptek, Serpong","authors":"Adhika Junara Karunianto, Dwi Haryanto, Heri Syaeful, Dhatu Kamajati","doi":"10.17146/eksplorium.2018.39.2.4968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17146/eksplorium.2018.39.2.4968","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAK Kawasan Pusat Penelitian Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi (PUSPIPTEK) Serpong memiliki luas 460 hektar. Sebagian besar kawasan ini merupakan ruang terbuka hijau. Seiring dengan pertumbuhan kegiatan penelitian, kebutuhan sarana infrastruktur dan bangunan juga akan semakin meningkat. Sebagai sarana strategis nasional, diperlukan desin bangunan yang kokoh untuk dan sesuai dengan kondisi bawah permukaan. Survey geolistrik dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui kondisi/informasi di bawah permukaan tanah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memperoleh gambaran di bawah permukaan berdasarkan distribusi nilai geolistrik tahanan jenis di area rencana pembangunan Reaktor Daya Eksperimen (RDE). Pengambilan data tahanan jenis menggunakan alat ukur resistivitymeter multichannel tipe MAE X612EM+ secara 2-D menggunakan 48 channel konfigurasi Wenner-Schlumberger. Jumlah elektroda yang digunakan adalah 48 buah dengan interval jarak antar elektroda 5 m. Berdasarkan pemodelan inversi 2-D telah dihasilkan empat model penampang lintasan yaitu line-1, line 2, line-3, dan line-4. Kesalahan data di tiap lintasan relatif kecil, kurang dari 12%. Interpretasi geologi dilakukan pada pada penampang line-2 dan line-3 menggambarkan keberadaan lapisan A, B, dan C. Lapisan A diduga berupa batuan dengan ukuran butir lempung-lanau yang mengandung material organik dengan rentang nilai tahanan jenis 2-20 ohm-m dan variasi ketebalan sekitar 1-7 m. Lapisan B diduga berupa batupasir yang memiliki rentang nilai tahanan jenis 10-90 ohm-m dengan variasi ketebalan 5-20 m. Lapisan C diduga merupakan batulempung yang memiliki rentang nilai tahanan jenis 2-5000 ohm-m dengan variasi kedalaman 10-20 m. ABSTRACT The area of Center for Research in Science and Technology (PUSPIPTEK) Serpong is 460 hectares wide. Most of the area is a Green Open Spaces (RTH). In the line with the growth of research activities, the need for infrastructure and building facilities also increases. As a national strategic facility, it is necessary to design buildings that are sturdy for and suitable with subsurface conditions. Geolectrical survey can be used to determine of subsurface condition/information. The purpose of this study is to obtain the ilustration of subsurface, based on the distribution of geoelectric resistivity values in the site of Experimental Power Reactor (RDE) construction. The resistivity data acquisition is using a multichannel resistivitymeter MAE X612EM+ type in 2-D by 48 channel of Wenner-Schlumberger configuration. The numbers of elctrodes used are 48 with an electrode interval of 5 m. Based on 2-D inversion model, there are four section models obtained, namely line-1, line 2, line-3, and line-4. The data error for each section is relatively small, less than 12%. Geological interpretation carried out in the section line-2 and line-3 illustrates the existence of layers A, B, and C. Layer A is interpreted as rock with silt to clay grain size containing organic material with resistivity values range 2-","PeriodicalId":11616,"journal":{"name":"EKSPLORIUM","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90127463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pemisahan Itrium dengan Cara Ekstraksi Menggunakan Solven TOPO","authors":"T. Handini, I. Sukarna, Anisa Dwi Yuniyanti","doi":"10.17146/EKSPLORIUM.2018.39.2.4419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17146/EKSPLORIUM.2018.39.2.4419","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan proses pemisahan itrium dengan cara ekstraksi menggunakan solven TOPO. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi optimum pengaruh variasi konsentrasi ekstraktan, waktu pengadukan, dan keasaman umpan logam tanah jarang serta mengetahui koefisien distribusi (Kd), faktor pisah (FP), dan efisiensi ekstraksi (%), dengan metode ekstraksi cair-cair. Umpan yang digunakan adalah logam tanah jarang dari pasir senotim. Ekstraktan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah TOPO (tri-n-oktilfosfina oksida). Kadar itrium (Y), disprosium (Dy), dan gadolinium (Gd) ditentukan menggunakan spektrometer pendar sinar-X. Kondisi optimum yang diperoleh dari penelitian proses ekstraksi ini meliputi: konsentrasi ekstraktan 20% TOPO dalam kerosin, waktu pengadukan 15 menit, keasaman umpan 0,5 M. Nilai koefisien distribusi yang diperoleh Y = 5,61; Dy = 2,06; Gd = 0,99. Efisiensi ekstraksi Y = 85,13%, Dy = 67,80%, Gd = 50,17% sedangkan faktor pisah Y-Dy = 2,7186 dan Y-Gd = 5,6861. ABSTRACT Separation process of yttrium by extraction using TOPO solvents has been done. The purpose of this study is to  find out the optimum condition of the variation effect of extractant concentration, stirring time, and acidity of the rare earth feed and to determine the distribution coefficient, separation factor, and extraction efficiency (%), using the liquid-liquid extraction method. The feed used  were rare earth  elements of xenotime sand. The extractant used in the research were TOPO (tri-n-octylphosphine oxide). Concentration of yttrium (Y), disprosium (Dy), and gadolinium (Gd) were  determined using X-ray fluorescene spectrometer. Optimum conditions of the extraction process obtained from this study were: TOPO extractant concentration in kerosene 20%, stirring time 15 minutes, acidity of feed 0.5 M. Obtained value of distribution coefficient  Y = 5.61; Dy = 2.06; Gd = 0.99. For extraction efficiency Y = 85.13%, Dy = 67.80%, Gd = 50.17% whereas separation factor Y-Dy = 2.7186 and Y-Gd = 5.6861.","PeriodicalId":11616,"journal":{"name":"EKSPLORIUM","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78561390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobilitas Uranium pada Endapan Sedimen Sungai Aktif di Daerah Mamuju, Sulawesi Barat","authors":"Frida Rosidatul Mu’awanah, B. Priadi, W. Widodo, I. Sukadana, Rian Andriansyah","doi":"10.17146/EKSPLORIUM.2018.39.2.4953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17146/EKSPLORIUM.2018.39.2.4953","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAK Mamuju merupakan daerah yang memiliki nilai laju dosis radiasi (radioaktifitas) tinggi. Daerah penelitian terdiri dari 6 sektor yaitu Sektor Ahu, Orobatu, Takandeang, Botteng, Pangasaan, dan Taan. Variasi batuan pada daerah penelitian tidak mencerminkan distribusi uranium, sehingga diperlukan metode geokimia untuk mengetahui distribusi uranium pada sistem drainase. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mobilitas dan distribusi uranium pada sistem drainase dengan menggunakan sampel sedimen sungai aktif. Analisis mobilitas uranium menggunakan persen labil yang didapatkan dari perbandingan uranium total dan uranium labil. Nilai uranium total didapatkan dari pengukuran X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry dan nilai uranium labil didapatkan dari pengukuran labile fluorimetry. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada 4 lokasi potensial berdasarkan data radiometri. Hasil analisis menunjukkan Sektor Ahu memiliki nilai anomali uranium labil >113,44 ppm, Sektor Pangasaan dengan nilai anomali uranium labil >168,63 ppm, Sektor Takandeang dengan nilai anomali uranium labil >74,36 ppm, dan Sektor Botteng dengan nilai anomali uranium labil >84,23 ppm. Tipe anomali yang teridentifikasi pada dua sektor, yaitu anomali pada sektor Ahu berhubungan dengan presipitasi hidrolisat uranium terlarut pada endapan sungai dari lava Ahu dan breksi Tapalang, sementara anomali pada Sektor Takandeang berhubungan dengan pengayaan permukaan uranium in situ pada tanah dan batuan lava Takandeang. ABSTRACT Mamuju is an area that has a high dose rate (radioactivity) value. The research area consists of 6 sectors namely Ahu, Orobatu, Takandeang, Botteng, Pangasaan, and Taan Sector. Lithological distribution does not represent the distribution of uranium; therefore geochemical method is needed to observe the distribution of uranium in the drainage system. The aim of this research is to provide an overview of the mobility and distribution of uranium in the drainage system using stream sediment. Uranium mobility analysis uses labile percent obtained from the ratio of total uranium and labile uranium, the total uranium value obtained from the measurement of X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry and the value of labile uranium obtained from measurement of labile fluorimetry. The sample taken from 4 potential areas based on radiometric value Map. The result of analysis shows that Ahu Sector has labile uranium anomaly >113.44 ppm, Pangasaan Sector with labile uranium anomaly >168.63 ppm, Takandeang Sector with uranium labile anomaly values >74.36 ppm, and Botteng Sector with uranium labile anomaly >84.23 ppm. The anomaly types identified from two sectors, namely Ahu Sector anomaly is related to the precipitation of dissolved uranium hydrolysates in stream deposit originating from Ahu lava and Tapalang breccia, while Takandeang Sector anomaly is related to the enrichment of in situ uranium in soil and Takandeang lava.","PeriodicalId":11616,"journal":{"name":"EKSPLORIUM","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88222726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}