{"title":"Proses Pembentukan dan Asal Material Formasi Kayasa di Halmahera Berdasarkan Unsur Jejak dan Unsur Tanah Jarang","authors":"Ronaldo Irzon","doi":"10.17146/EKSPLORIUM.2019.40.1.5445","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAKKerumitan pembentukan batuan di Pulau Halmahera dipengaruhi konvergensi setidaknya tiga lempeng besar dan posisinya yang berada dalam kolisi aktif dua busur. Formasi Kayasa adalah salah satu dari empat satuan batuan gunung api di Pulau Halmahera. Analisis petrografi, unsur jarang, dan unsur tanah jarang (UTJ) dimanfaatkan untuk mempelajari proses pembentukan maupun asal materi batuan Formasi Kayasa. Mikroskop bipolar dimanfaatkan pada studi petrografi sedangkan Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry digunakan untuk analisis kandungan unsur jejak dan unsur tanah jarang terhadap tujuh sampel segar dan empat batuan teralterasi maupun lapuk pada domain Formasi Kayasa. Seluruh sampel segar diklasifikasikan sebagai andesit-basalt berdasarkan perbandingan komposisi kuarsa, K-felspar, dan plagioklas. Kristalisasi fraksional plagioklas diduga berperan penting dalam proses pembentukan Formasi Kayasa. Batuan segar pada studi ini diperkirakan terkristalisasi pada kondisi oksidatif dalam lingkungan laut sedangkan batuan teralterasi atau lapuk terbentuk pada lingkungan reduktif di atas permukaan laut. Berdasarkan pengamatan megaskopis dan pola diagram laba-laba UTJ, material pembentukan Formasi Kayasa sangat mungkin berasal dari lempeng samudera.ABSTRACTThe complexity of rock formation on Halmahera Island is influenced by convergences of at least three main plates and is located in the active collision of two arcs. The Kayasa Formation is one of four volcanic rock units on Halmahera Island. Petrographic analysis, rare elements, and rare earth elements (REE) are applied in studying the rock emplacement process and the material source of Kayasa Formation. Bipolar microscopy is utilized in petrographic studies while Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry is used for measuring the trace and rare earth elements compositions in seven fresh samples and four altered/weathered rocks in Kayasa Formation’s domain. The fresh samples are classified as andesite-basalt based on quartz, K-feldspar, and plagioclase modal composition. Plagioclase fractional crystallization is thought to play an important role in the crystallization of Kayasa Formations. Fresh rocks in this study tend to crystallize under oxidative conditions in the marine environment, whilst altered or weathered ones formed in a reductive environment above sea level. Based on megascopic observations and REE patterns, the material of Kayasa Formation is very likely derived from the ocean plate.","PeriodicalId":11616,"journal":{"name":"EKSPLORIUM","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"EKSPLORIUM","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.17146/EKSPLORIUM.2019.40.1.5445","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
ABSTRAKKerumitan pembentukan batuan di Pulau Halmahera dipengaruhi konvergensi setidaknya tiga lempeng besar dan posisinya yang berada dalam kolisi aktif dua busur. Formasi Kayasa adalah salah satu dari empat satuan batuan gunung api di Pulau Halmahera. Analisis petrografi, unsur jarang, dan unsur tanah jarang (UTJ) dimanfaatkan untuk mempelajari proses pembentukan maupun asal materi batuan Formasi Kayasa. Mikroskop bipolar dimanfaatkan pada studi petrografi sedangkan Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry digunakan untuk analisis kandungan unsur jejak dan unsur tanah jarang terhadap tujuh sampel segar dan empat batuan teralterasi maupun lapuk pada domain Formasi Kayasa. Seluruh sampel segar diklasifikasikan sebagai andesit-basalt berdasarkan perbandingan komposisi kuarsa, K-felspar, dan plagioklas. Kristalisasi fraksional plagioklas diduga berperan penting dalam proses pembentukan Formasi Kayasa. Batuan segar pada studi ini diperkirakan terkristalisasi pada kondisi oksidatif dalam lingkungan laut sedangkan batuan teralterasi atau lapuk terbentuk pada lingkungan reduktif di atas permukaan laut. Berdasarkan pengamatan megaskopis dan pola diagram laba-laba UTJ, material pembentukan Formasi Kayasa sangat mungkin berasal dari lempeng samudera.ABSTRACTThe complexity of rock formation on Halmahera Island is influenced by convergences of at least three main plates and is located in the active collision of two arcs. The Kayasa Formation is one of four volcanic rock units on Halmahera Island. Petrographic analysis, rare elements, and rare earth elements (REE) are applied in studying the rock emplacement process and the material source of Kayasa Formation. Bipolar microscopy is utilized in petrographic studies while Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry is used for measuring the trace and rare earth elements compositions in seven fresh samples and four altered/weathered rocks in Kayasa Formation’s domain. The fresh samples are classified as andesite-basalt based on quartz, K-feldspar, and plagioclase modal composition. Plagioclase fractional crystallization is thought to play an important role in the crystallization of Kayasa Formations. Fresh rocks in this study tend to crystallize under oxidative conditions in the marine environment, whilst altered or weathered ones formed in a reductive environment above sea level. Based on megascopic observations and REE patterns, the material of Kayasa Formation is very likely derived from the ocean plate.