Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica最新文献

{"title":"An unusual finding eight years after a heart transplant procedure","authors":"Jose Tiago Silva , Violeta Sánchez , Ana Pérez de Ayala , Francisco López-Medrano","doi":"10.1016/j.eimc.2024.11.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimc.2024.11.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11608,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica","volume":"43 6","pages":"Pages 367-368"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144189573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of supplementation with different doses of calcifediol in HIV patients with vitamin D deficiency","authors":"Victoria Callejo ,&nbsp;Cristina Tomás ,&nbsp;Ángeles Muñoz ,&nbsp;Carlos Báguena ,&nbsp;Antonia Alcaraz ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Martínez-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Salvador Valero ,&nbsp;Eva García Villalba ,&nbsp;Eva Oliver ,&nbsp;María Dolores Hernández ,&nbsp;María Isabel Martinez ,&nbsp;Joaquin Bravo ,&nbsp;Mónica Martínez ,&nbsp;María Rosario Vicente ,&nbsp;Natalia Sancho ,&nbsp;Enrique Bernal","doi":"10.1016/j.eimc.2024.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimc.2024.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>People with HIV (PWH) often exhibit vitamin D deficiency, with ambiguous treatment guidelines. This study evaluates the effectiveness of three vitamin D3 calcifediol supplementation regimens over 48 weeks, aiming to identify patients whose serum levels do not increase above 20<!--> <!-->ng/mL.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this prospective observational study, 112 HIV-positive outpatients with 25OHD levels below 20<!--> <!-->ng/mL were assigned to one of three supplementation groups. Group 1 received 16,000<!--> <!-->IU weekly for 12 weeks, then biweekly; Group 2 received 180,000<!--> <!-->IU every 12 weeks; Group 3 received 180,000<!--> <!-->IU every 4 weeks for the first 12 weeks, then every 12 weeks. The groups were compared using ANOVA and Chi-squared tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The average participant age was 51.59 years, with 71.4% being male, all on antiretroviral therapy for an average of 9.5 years. By week 48, Group 1 showed the lowest percentage of patients with levels below 20<!--> <!-->ng/mL (10.2%), significantly outperforming Group 2 (44%) and Group 3 (31.6%). Vitamin D levels significantly increased in Groups 1 and 3, with no significant change in calcium, phosphorus and bone density between groups. The CD4:CD8 ratio increased significantly in all groups. No side effects were observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The regimen of 16,000<!--> <!-->IU calcifediol weekly for 12 weeks followed by biweekly dosing is both safe and effective for PWH, significantly increasing vitamin D levels and improving the CD4:CD8 ratio without adverse effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11608,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica","volume":"43 6","pages":"Pages 353-360"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respuesta a «¿Cómo funciona la PrEP en la vida real?»","authors":"Nuria Fernández Piñeiro ,&nbsp;Oskar Ayerdi Aguirrebengoa ,&nbsp;Eva Orviz García ,&nbsp;Cristina González Pérez","doi":"10.1016/j.eimc.2025.03.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimc.2025.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11608,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica","volume":"43 6","pages":"Pages 369-370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144189575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, risk factors for and trends in faecal colonisation by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) in the community in Spain: A cross-sectional study and meta-analysis","authors":"Gerard Munté Muñiz ,&nbsp;Inmaculada Lopez Montesinos ,&nbsp;Eduardo Padilla León ,&nbsp;Aida Esperanza Ramírez Marinero ,&nbsp;Milagro Montero ,&nbsp;Luisa Sorli ,&nbsp;Xavier Duran Jorda ,&nbsp;Juan P. Horcajada","doi":"10.1016/j.eimc.2024.10.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimc.2024.10.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To determine the prevalence of and risk factors for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) faecal carriage among healthy volunteers from Barcelona, and to estimate the pooled prevalence in the community in Spain.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>University students were asked to complete a questionnaire and provide a rectal swab, which was tested for ESBL-producing, ciprofloxacin- and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole-resistant Enterobacterales. Risk factors for carriage of antimicrobial resistance were identified by multivariate logistic regression. To place these results in the appropriate context, a systematic literature search was conducted to retrieve articles containing data on the prevalence of ESBL-PE faecal carriage in the community in Spain. To obtain the pooled prevalence, a random-effects meta-analysis was performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>One hundred and thirty-five of 214 participants were included in the analysis. Faecal carriage of <em>Escherichia coli</em>/<em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> (E/K) resistant to at least one of the antibiotics tested was found in 32 participants (23.7%). Fourteen subjects carried ESBL-E/K (10.4%), with the CTX-M type being the most prevalent (85.7%). Risk factors for ESBL carriage were travel to a high-risk region in the past 3 years (OR 5.66; 95% CI 1.07–29.9) and living in a crowded city district (OR 6.91; 95% CI 1.22–39.08). Thirteen articles covering 21,760 individuals from Spain were included in the meta-analysis, giving a pooled prevalence rate for ESBL-PE carriage in the community of 5.8% (95% CI 4.1–7.8%), and a steady increase per year.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The faecal colonisation prevalence by ESBL-PE among healthy individuals in Spain is high. It is associated with international travel and living in crowded city districts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11608,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica","volume":"43 6","pages":"Pages 323-330"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144189627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the epidemiology of acute mastoiditis according to the implementation of pneumococcal vaccination in a Spanish population","authors":"Ángela Manzanares ,&nbsp;David Aguilera-Alonso ,&nbsp;María Escobar ,&nbsp;Sara Vigil-Vázquez ,&nbsp;Emilia Cercenado ,&nbsp;Jesús Saavedra-Lozano ,&nbsp;on behalf of Mastoiditis-Gregorio Marañón Working Group","doi":"10.1016/j.eimc.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimc.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Our aim was to describe the epidemiology of acute mastoiditis (AM) in a pediatric population according to the implementation of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Retrospective, observational study including children diagnosed with AM between January 2000 and December 2019 at a tertiary hospital in Madrid (Spain). The study was grouped into four 5-year periods (2000–2004, 2005–2009, 2010–2014, 2015–2019). The percentage change in the incidence rate was estimated to characterize trends.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Two hundred nineteen episodes from 209 patients were included. The incidence rate of AM remained stable during the study period, with an average of 2.2 cases/10,000 emergency department visits/year. There was a significant decrease in the prevalence of <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em>. <em>Streptococcus pyogenes</em> was the main microorganism isolated in the last study period.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The incidence of AM remained stable, although the prevalence of <em>S. pneumoniae</em> decreased in the post-PCV era, being <em>S. pyogenes</em> the main microorganism isolated after the implementation of PCV13.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11608,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica","volume":"43 6","pages":"Pages 361-364"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factores asociados a la vacunación frente a mpox en personas en profilaxis preexposición frente al VIH en la Comunidad de Madrid","authors":"M. Angeles Gutiérrez Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Cristina Rodríguez Luque ,&nbsp;Amaya Sánchez Gómez ,&nbsp;M. Dolores Lasheras Carbajo ,&nbsp;Soledad Cañellas Llabrés ,&nbsp;Beatriz Lopez Centeno ,&nbsp;Diego Morales Irala ,&nbsp;María C. Vázquez Torres ,&nbsp;Marta Molina Olivas","doi":"10.1016/j.eimc.2024.10.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimc.2024.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>In May 2022, a mpox outbreak was identified in Europe. The majority of those affected are young men with risky sexual relations. In Spain, to control the outbreak, vaccination is recommended, among others, for people on HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). The objective of the study is to determine the factors associated with vaccination against mpox in people included in PrEP in the Community of Madrid.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Descriptive study. The sources of information used are: the PrEP registry, health card, the vaccine registry and the primary care clinical history. The 2011 deprivation index of the Spanish Society of Epidemiology is used as a socioeconomic indicator. Factors related to vaccination against mpox are analyzed and a conditional logistic regression model is fitted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 6690 people were registered for PrEP. The average age was 37.7 years, 98.8% were men and 25.1% were foreigners. A percentage of 39.9 had received vaccination against mpox, 47.6% against hepatitis A, 32.8% against hepatitis B, 53.3% against COVID-19 and 24.3% against influenza. The variables associated with mpox vaccination were age, country of birth, influenza vaccination, hepatitis A vaccination, COVID-19 vaccination, and deprivation index.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Men who had sex with men, young adults, born in Spain, with a history of vaccination against influenza, hepatitis A and COVID-19 have a greater probability of vaccination against mpox. The proportion of vaccinated subjects decreases as the deprivation index increases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11608,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica","volume":"43 6","pages":"Pages 317-322"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144189626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"¿Cómo funciona la PrEP en la vida real?","authors":"Javier Velasco Montes ,&nbsp;María Victoria Pardo Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Carlos Hernando Martín ,&nbsp;Silvia González Díez","doi":"10.1016/j.eimc.2025.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimc.2025.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11608,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica","volume":"43 6","pages":"Page 369"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144189574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infección por Saksenaea vasiformis en España: caso clínico y revisión de la literatura","authors":"Iker Villanueva ,&nbsp;Laura Guío ,&nbsp;Lara Mourelle ,&nbsp;Patricia Martín-Playa ,&nbsp;Eduardo Vicario ,&nbsp;Laura Zaldumbide ,&nbsp;Leyre López-Soria ,&nbsp;Josune Goikoetxea","doi":"10.1016/j.eimc.2024.10.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimc.2024.10.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div><em>Saksenaea vasiformis</em> <em>(S. vasiformis)</em> is a filamentous fungus from the Mucorales order, responsible for isolated infections with high morbidity and mortality, especially in tropical or subtropical areas. The objective is to describe the clinical characteristics of the cases reported in Spain.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In addition to presenting a case of <em>S. vasiformis</em> infection treated at Hospital Universitario Cruces in 2023, a systematic literature review was conducted on 17/04/2024, analyzing a total of 11 cases. Epidemiological and clinical data were obtained, and a descriptive analysis was performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The average age was 64.9 years, with most being male (72.7%) and immunocompetent. Acquisition was related to severe trauma (45.5%) or insect bites (36.4%). 90.1% suffered from skin and soft tissue infections. The diagnostic process was complex, with the following being useful: direct staining (36.4%), culture in specific media (27.3%), molecular techniques (54.5%), and histopathological findings (90.9%). MICs of antifungals was determined in 3 cases, with low MICs for liposomal amphotericin B (L-AMB) and posaconazole, and variable MICs for voriconazole. L-AMB was the most commonly used antifungal, combined in all cases with extensive surgical debridement. Mortality was 45.5%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Infection by <em>S. vasiformis</em> is rare in our environment but clinically significant due to its severity and difficult diagnosis. Rapid recognition, along with early and aggressive debridement and appropriate antifungal treatment, are essential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11608,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica","volume":"43 6","pages":"Pages 337-344"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detección y análisis de un brote de Achromobacter xylosoxidans en una unidad de urodinamia","authors":"Simón Juárez Zapata ,&nbsp;Carla Benjumea Moreno ,&nbsp;Charo Porrón ,&nbsp;Carles Alonso-Tarrés","doi":"10.1016/j.eimc.2024.10.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimc.2024.10.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div><em>Achromobacter xylosoxidans</em> is a gramnegative bacillus resistant to multiple antibiotics, present both in the environment and in hospitals. This study describes an outbreak of colonizations and infections by <em>A. xylosoxidans</em> in the urodynamics unit of the Puigvert Foundation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>On November 11, 2022, a patient developed a fever, and <em>A. xylosoxidans</em> was detected in their urine and blood. The case was linked to a recent urodynamic study. As a result, all <em>A. xylosoxidans</em> cases since 2018 were reviewed, and inspections were conducted in the unit, along with the collection of 24 environmental samples.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The review identified 21 patients with <em>A. xylosoxidans</em> infections after urodynamic procedures since April 2022. Environmental microbiological controls revealed that pressure transducers were the likely source of infection. Corrective measures included the temporary closure of the unit, thorough cleaning with hypochlorite, use of single-use urinary catheters, daily replacement of equipment lines and pressure transducers, as well as other improvements in disinfection, handling, and workflows. A multidisciplinary team was formed to implement and supervise these actions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The measures resulted in the elimination of the outbreak and the safe resumption of activities in the unit. This incident highlights the importance of continuous surveillance and rapid response in clinical settings to prevent infections and improve patient safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11608,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica","volume":"43 6","pages":"Pages 331-336"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dermatitis causada por diminutos invasores","authors":"Karol Nicole Sabas Ortega ,&nbsp;José Asensio Gómez ,&nbsp;Isabel Zárate Tejero ,&nbsp;Javier Sánchez Bernal","doi":"10.1016/j.eimc.2024.11.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimc.2024.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11608,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica","volume":"43 6","pages":"Pages 365-366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144189572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}