Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica最新文献

{"title":"Another bacterial etiology of brain granulomas","authors":"José Rincón , Angela Guarnizo , Carlos Rugilo","doi":"10.1016/j.eimc.2023.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimc.2023.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11608,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica","volume":"42 4","pages":"Pages 218-220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135515473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative severity of COVID-19 cases caused by Alpha, Delta or Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants and its association with vaccination","authors":"Elena Varea-Jiménez ,&nbsp;Esteban Aznar Cano ,&nbsp;Lorena Vega-Piris ,&nbsp;Elena Vanessa Martínez Sánchez ,&nbsp;Clara Mazagatos ,&nbsp;Lucía García San Miguel Rodríguez-Alarcón ,&nbsp;Inmaculada Casas ,&nbsp;María José Sierra Moros ,&nbsp;Maria Iglesias-Caballero ,&nbsp;Sonia Vazquez-Morón ,&nbsp;Amparo Larrauri ,&nbsp;Susana Monge ,&nbsp;the Working group for the surveillance and control of COVID-19 in Spain* and RELECOV**","doi":"10.1016/j.eimc.2022.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimc.2022.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This study compares the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections caused by Alpha, Delta or Omicron variants in periods of co-circulation in Spain, and estimates the variant-specific association of vaccination with severe disease.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>SARS-CoV-2 infections notified to the national epidemiological surveillance network with information on genetic variant and vaccination status were considered cases if they required hospitalisation or controls otherwise. Alpha and Delta were compared during June–July 2021; and Delta and Omicron during December 2021–January 2022. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were estimated using logistic regression, comparing variant and vaccination status between cases and controls.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We included 5,345 Alpha and 11,974 Delta infections in June–July and 5,272 Delta and 10,578 Omicron in December–January. Unvaccinated cases of Alpha (aOR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.46–0.69) or Omicron (0.28; 0.21–0.36) had lower probability of hospitalisation vs. Delta. Complete vaccination reduced hospitalisation, similarly for Alpha (0.16; 0.13–0.21) and Delta (June–July: 0.16; 0.14–0.19; December–January: 0.36; 0.30–0.44) but lower from Omicron (0.63; 0.53–0.75) and individuals aged 65+ years.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Results indicate higher intrinsic severity of the Delta variant, compared with Alpha or Omicron, with smaller differences among vaccinated individuals. Nevertheless, vaccination was associated to reduced hospitalisation in all groups.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11608,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica","volume":"42 4","pages":"Pages 187-194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9722675/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10465800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infección leve por SARS-CoV-2 en pacientes vulnerables: implantación de una vía clínica de tratamiento precoz","authors":"Héctor Pinargote-Celorio ,&nbsp;Silvia Otero-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Pilar González-de-la-Aleja ,&nbsp;Juan-Carlos Rodríguez-Díaz ,&nbsp;Eduardo Climent ,&nbsp;Pablo Chico-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Gerónima Riera ,&nbsp;Pere Llorens ,&nbsp;Marta Aparicio ,&nbsp;Inés Montiel ,&nbsp;Vicente Boix ,&nbsp;Óscar Moreno-Pérez ,&nbsp;José-Manuel Ramos-Rincón ,&nbsp;Esperanza Merino","doi":"10.1016/j.eimc.2022.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimc.2022.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The objective of this report is to describe the clinical pathway for early treatment of patients with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and to evaluate the first results of its implementation.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This is a descriptive and retrospective study of the implementation of a clinical pathway of treatment in outpatients (January 1 to June 30, 2022). Clinical pathway: detection and referral systems from Primary Care, Emergency services, hospital specialities and an automated detection system; clinical evaluation and treatment administration in the COVID-19 day-hospital and subsequent clinical follow-up. Explanatory variables: demographics, comorbidity, vaccination status, referral pathways and treatment administration. Outcome variables: hospitalization and death within 30 days, grade 2–3 toxicity related to treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Treatment was administered to 262 patients (53.4% women, median age 60 years). The treatment indication criteria were immunosuppression (68.3%), and the combination of age, vaccination status and comorbidity in the rest; 47.3% of the patients received remdesivir, 35.9% nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, 13.4% sotrovimab and 2.4% combined treatment with a median of 4 days after symptom onset. Hospital admission was required for 6.1% of the patients, 3.8% related to COVID-19 progression. No patient died. Toxicity grade 2–3 toxicity was reported in 18.7%, 89.8% dysgeusia and metallic tasted related nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Seven patients discontinued treatment due to toxicity.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The creation and implementation of a clinical pathway for non-hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection is effective and it allows early accessibility and equity of currently available treatments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11608,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica","volume":"42 4","pages":"Pages 195-201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9722674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10546407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malaria en España: ¿es posible su regreso como enfermedad autóctona?","authors":"Juan Cantón De Seoane ,&nbsp;María de los Ángeles Gómez Ruiz ,&nbsp;Marta Rodríguez Sanz","doi":"10.1016/j.eimc.2023.10.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimc.2023.10.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11608,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica","volume":"42 3","pages":"Pages 163-164"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138683177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cambios en las características epidemiológicas y en el pronóstico de la hepatitis crónica B en personas que viven con VIH","authors":"Julia Vásquez Manau ,&nbsp;Cristina Marcelo Calvo ,&nbsp;Alejandro De Gea Grela ,&nbsp;Luis Ramos Ruperto ,&nbsp;Lucía Serrano ,&nbsp;Carmen Busca Arenzana ,&nbsp;Rafael Micán ,&nbsp;Rosa de Miguel Buckley ,&nbsp;Rocío Montejano Sanchez ,&nbsp;Ignacio Bernardino ,&nbsp;María Eulalia Valencia ,&nbsp;Victoria Moreno ,&nbsp;María Luisa Montes ,&nbsp;Jose Ramón Arribas ,&nbsp;Juan González ,&nbsp;Luz Martín-Carbonero","doi":"10.1016/j.eimc.2022.10.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimc.2022.10.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Due to hepatitis B virus (HBV) treatment and vaccination during the last decades in Spain, epidemiological and prognosis of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) may have changed.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Retrospective review of CHB–HIV coinfected patients in a single reference center in Madrid until year 2019. We compared incidence, epidemiological and clinical characteristics according diagnosis period (before 2000, 2000–2004, 2005–2009, 2010–2014, 2015–2019). A retrospective longitudinal study was done to assess mortality, related risk factors and hepatic decompensation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Out of 5452 PLHIV, 160 had CHB (prevalence 2.92%; 95% CI: 2.5–3.4), 85.6% were men, median age 32.1 (27–37.2). Incidence rate did not change over the years (2.4/100 patients-year). PLHIV with CHB diagnosed before year 2000 (<em>n</em> = 87) compared with those diagnosed between 2015 and 2019 (<em>n</em> = 11) were more often native-Spanish (90.8% vs. 18.2%), had infected using intravenous drugs (55.2% vs. 0), were coinfected with hepatitis C (40% vs. 9.1%) or hepatitis delta virus (30.4% vs. 0) and had more severe liver disease (cirrhosis 24.1% vs. 0). After a median follow-up of 20.4 years, 23 patients died (7.1/1000 patients-year) and 19 had liver decompensation (4.9/1000 patients-year). All deaths and liver decompensation occurred in patients diagnosed before year 2010. Mortality was associated with higher liver fibrosis in Fibroscan® (HR 1.06, 95% CI: 1.03–1.09).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The epidemiology of CHB in PLHIV in our cohort is changing with less native Spanish, more sexually transmitted cases and less coinfection with other hepatotropic virus. Patients diagnosed before 2010 have worst prognosis related to higher grades of liver fibrosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11608,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica","volume":"42 3","pages":"Pages 130-134"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113992148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oportunidades perdidas en la detección temprana de la infección por VIH en pacientes con infecciones de transmisión sexual: un estudio de vida real","authors":"José Ma. García de Lomas-Guerrero ,&nbsp;Nicolás Jiménez-García ,&nbsp;Fernando Fernández-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Alfonso del Arco-Jiménez ,&nbsp;José Luis Prada-Pardal ,&nbsp;Javier de la Torre-Lima","doi":"10.1016/j.eimc.2023.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimc.2023.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Sexually transmitted diseases such as cervicitis, proctitis and urethritis are associated with high rates of HIV infection. When these pathologies are suspected, HIV serology should be requested.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>A Retrospective study was performed during 2018 at the Hospital Costa del Sol (Marbella, Málaga, Spain). HIV serologies requested in patients who were asked for PCR for <em>Chlamydia trachomatis</em> and <em>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</em> were reviewed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 1818 patients were evaluated, in which HIV serology was performed in 44.7%, of which 14 (1.7%) were positive. The remaining 55.3% were missed diagnostic opportunities.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p><em>C.<!--> <!-->trachomatis</em> and <em>N.<!--> <!-->gonorrhoeae</em> infections are associated with a high rate of occult HIV infection. The degree of suspicion of HIV in this population remains low and it is essential that it be reinforced in the presence of the possibility of infection by these pathologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11608,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica","volume":"42 3","pages":"Pages 146-148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136054280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efectividad de la vacuna antigripal para prevenir casos graves de gripe. Temporada 2022/2023","authors":"Guillermo Platas-Abenza ,&nbsp;María Guerrero-Soler ,&nbsp;Raissa de Fatima Silva-Afonso ,&nbsp;Pilar Gallardo-Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Francisco Gil-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Isabel Escribano-Cañadas ,&nbsp;Carmen M. Benito-Miralles ,&nbsp;Noemi Solis-Aniorte ,&nbsp;Rocio Carnicer-Bueno ,&nbsp;Ana Esclapez-Martínez ,&nbsp;Pablo Chico-Sánchez ,&nbsp;José Sánchez-Payá ,&nbsp;Paula Gras-Valentí","doi":"10.1016/j.eimc.2023.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimc.2023.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Influenza poses a significant burden in terms of morbidity and mortality, with vaccination being one of the most effective measures for its prevention. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine in preventing cases of severe influenza in patients admitted to a tertiary hospital during the 2022/23 season.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Case-control study. All hospitalised patients with a positive result in an RT-PCR for influenza were included. Those who met the criteria for a severe case (pneumonia, sepsis, multi-organ failure, admission to ICU or exitus) were considered cases. Those who did not meet these criteria were considered controls. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) to prevent severe cases and its 95% confidence interval were calculated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 403 patients were admitted with confirmed influenza. Of these, 98 (24.3%) developed severe influenza. Of the total, 50.6% were men and 47.1% were over 65 years of age. VE adjusted for influenza type, age and certain comorbidities was 40.6% (−21.9 to 71.1). In a segmented analysis, influenza vaccine was effective in preventing severe cases in all categories. It was particularly relevant in the 65+ age group (VEa<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->60.9%; −2.0 to 85.0) and in patients with influenza A (VEa<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->56.7%; 1.580.9).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Influenza vaccination markedly reduced the occurrence of severe cases of influenza in hospitalised patients, therefore, it remains the main strategy to reduce morbidity and mortality and associated costs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11608,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica","volume":"42 3","pages":"Pages 140-145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139460432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lesión forunculoide en tobillo tras un viaje a Gambia","authors":"Sara Sanz-Sanz ,&nbsp;Alina Elena Iepure ,&nbsp;Jesús Viñuelas-Bayón ,&nbsp;Pilar Egido-Lizán","doi":"10.1016/j.eimc.2023.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimc.2023.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11608,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica","volume":"42 3","pages":"Pages 158-159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134935833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Absceso en tendón de la mano por Staphylococcus condimenti","authors":"Carmen Piña Delgado ,&nbsp;Margarita Bolaños Rivero ,&nbsp;Christian Betancort Plata ,&nbsp;Isabel de Miguel Martínez","doi":"10.1016/j.eimc.2023.10.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimc.2023.10.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11608,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica","volume":"42 3","pages":"Pages 165-166"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138535699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact on tuberculosis diagnostic during COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary care hospital","authors":"Mario Ruiz-Bastián ,&nbsp;Beatriz Díaz-Pollán ,&nbsp;Iker Falces-Romero ,&nbsp;Carlos Toro-Rueda ,&nbsp;Julio García-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;SARS-CoV-2 Working Group","doi":"10.1016/j.eimc.2022.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimc.2022.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The aim of this study is to review how did the first three COVID-19 waves affected the diagnostic of tuberculosis and to describe the extra-pulmonary <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> complex (TB) diagnosis.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>A retrospective observational study was done during the first three waves of pandemic to ascertain the impact on TB samples and to recover the extra-pulmonary TB cases we included the first two years of COVID-19. All relevant data was recovered from hospital and Clinical Microbiology records.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Prepandemic period showed an average of 44 samples per week for TB study; during the first three waves this number dropped to 23.1 per week. A reduction of 67.7% of pulmonary TB diagnosis was observed and an increase of 33.3% diagnosis of extra-pulmonary TB was noted when comparing pre-pandemic and pandemic period.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>The number of declared cases and samples for TB diagnosis dropped during the first three COVID-19 waves due to the overstretched Public Health System which could lead to a delay in diagnosis, treatment and to the spread of TB disease in the general population. Surveillance programs should be reinforced to avoid this.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11608,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica","volume":"42 3","pages":"Pages 135-139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9722676/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9143234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}