Emergency Medicine Australasia最新文献

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Screening for Asymptomatic Sexually Transmitted Infections in Emergency Departments: An Integrative Review of Public Health Outcomes. 筛查无症状性传播感染在急诊科:公共卫生结果的综合评价。
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Emergency Medicine Australasia Pub Date : 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.70298
Joshua Wilcox, Faye Jordan
{"title":"Screening for Asymptomatic Sexually Transmitted Infections in Emergency Departments: An Integrative Review of Public Health Outcomes.","authors":"Joshua Wilcox, Faye Jordan","doi":"10.1111/1742-6723.70298","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1742-6723.70298","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To synthesise evidence on opportunistic screening for asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections and bloodborne viruses (STI/BBV) in emergency departments (EDs), focusing on detection, public health outcomes and feasibility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An integrative review was conducted using Whittemore and Knafl's framework. PubMed, EBSCO, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane, and Embase were searched (2012-2024). Eligible sources included quantitative, qualitative, mixed-methods and policy papers. Studies were appraised with the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) and synthesised thematically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 20 studies were included. Thematic synthesis identified four key domains: routine or opt-out ED screening increased case detection and was cost-effective; barriers included privacy concerns, workflow constraints and low risk perception; behaviour-based eligibility better aligned screening with actual risk factors, whereas population-based approaches often misclassified exposure; and implementation was facilitated by confidentiality safeguards, streamlined workflows, self-collection and electronic prompts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Routine, opportunistic asymptomatic STI/BBV screening embedded within emergency department workflows reliably increases case detection of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, syphilis, and HIV and is cost-effective. Behaviour-based eligibility better aligns screening with actual transmission risk than identity- or population-based stratification, and implementation strategies that safeguard confidentiality, support self-collection, deliver results discreetly, and integrate electronic prompts into routine workflows consistently improve acceptance and feasibility. For Australian emergency departments, the evidence supports adopting routine, opportunistic, behaviour-based screening as a feasible, high-yield public health intervention. Conclusions are bounded by the predominance of United States studies, limited longitudinal follow-up, and the use of a single reviewer.</p>","PeriodicalId":11604,"journal":{"name":"Emergency Medicine Australasia","volume":"38 3","pages":"e70298"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148293996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Delirium Screening in the Emergency Department: Barriers, Enablers and Alignment With Clinical Standards-A Mixed-Methods Study. 急诊科谵妄筛查:障碍、促进因素和与临床标准的一致性——一项混合方法研究。
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Emergency Medicine Australasia Pub Date : 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.70303
Barbara Zangerl, Jared-Tyrell Ah-Leong, Joshua Wilcox, Michelle Jory, Faye Jordan
{"title":"Delirium Screening in the Emergency Department: Barriers, Enablers and Alignment With Clinical Standards-A Mixed-Methods Study.","authors":"Barbara Zangerl, Jared-Tyrell Ah-Leong, Joshua Wilcox, Michelle Jory, Faye Jordan","doi":"10.1111/1742-6723.70303","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1742-6723.70303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Delirium is common and serious among older adults in emergency departments (EDs) yet screening often falls short of national expectations. This study evaluated current delirium screening practices in a metropolitan ED and identified barriers and enablers to implementing screening in line with the Australian Delirium Clinical Care Standard.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A mixed-methods quality assurance study was conducted in The Prince Charles Hospital ED. A retrospective audit of 238 medical records for patients aged ≥ 65 years examined the frequency of delirium screening and associated clinical or operational factors. Semi-structured interviews with nine staff members explored perceptions, experiences and decision-making processes related to screening. Deductive framework analysis guided integration of quantitative and qualitative data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of eligible patients, 4.2% were screened, with most assessments completed by specialist teams during weekday hours. Screened patients had longer ED stays, although this finding should be interpreted as exploratory. Nurses recognised major delirium risk factors but described screening as reactive rather than routine. Reported barriers included time pressures, environmental limitations, lack of digital integration and uncertainty about role responsibilities. Awareness of the Australian Delirium Clinical Care Standard was limited, contributing to inconsistent practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite baseline knowledge of delirium risk, ED screening remains inconsistent and specialist-dependent. Strengthening adherence to national standards requires embedding screening into routine nursing workflows through clearer role delineation and the integration of prompts to support systematic assessment for all older patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11604,"journal":{"name":"Emergency Medicine Australasia","volume":"38 3","pages":"e70303"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13273580/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148263860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Influence of Hypocalcaemia on Trauma Patients Experiencing Post-Induction Hypotension: A Retrospective Observational Study. 低钙血症对创伤患者诱导后低血压的影响:一项回顾性观察研究。
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Emergency Medicine Australasia Pub Date : 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.70300
Andy Kwok, Chris Selman, Kellie Gumm, David J Read, Ned Douglas, Elyssia M Bourke
{"title":"The Influence of Hypocalcaemia on Trauma Patients Experiencing Post-Induction Hypotension: A Retrospective Observational Study.","authors":"Andy Kwok, Chris Selman, Kellie Gumm, David J Read, Ned Douglas, Elyssia M Bourke","doi":"10.1111/1742-6723.70300","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1742-6723.70300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Hypocalcaemia is a common electrolyte disturbance in major trauma patients, particularly those with haemorrhagic shock. Trauma patients are often intubated as part of their care, which can result in post-induction hypotension. We aimed to estimate the effect of hypocalcaemia on post-induction hypotension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective observational study of trauma patients ≥ 18 years old intubated in a tertiary Australian Emergency Department between 1st January 2020 and 30th September 2024. Epidemiological and clinical management data were extracted to estimate the effect of hypocalcaemia on outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 478 eligible patients, 151 had available haemodynamic and calcium measurements. Post-induction hypotension occurred in 38/47 (81%) of hypocalcaemic and 69/104 (66%) of non-hypocalcaemic patients. Hypocalcaemia was associated with higher odds of post-induction hypotension (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.84-5.51), with considerable uncertainty in this estimate. Hypocalcaemic patients were more likely to receive red blood cells within 15-min post-induction (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.12-4.04). Minimal differences were observed in cardiac arrest 15-min post-induction (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.07-5.73) or mortality at discharge (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.51-1.97).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hypocalcaemia may be associated with higher odds of post-induction hypotension in trauma patients; however, our findings require corroboration across a larger multi-centre prospective observational study. If corroborated, a randomised controlled trial is warranted to establish the utility of calcium replacement for the prevention of post-induction hypotension.</p>","PeriodicalId":11604,"journal":{"name":"Emergency Medicine Australasia","volume":"38 3","pages":"e70300"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13263128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148239143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
"Stuck" on the Ramp: What Factors Influence Patient Comfort and Satisfaction While Waiting on Emergency Department Ramps? A Qualitative Analysis. “卡”在斜坡上:什么因素影响病人在急诊科斜坡上等待时的舒适度和满意度?定性分析。
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Emergency Medicine Australasia Pub Date : 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.70265
Vicki Binnie, Robert Eley, Andrew Staib
{"title":"\"Stuck\" on the Ramp: What Factors Influence Patient Comfort and Satisfaction While Waiting on Emergency Department Ramps? A Qualitative Analysis.","authors":"Vicki Binnie, Robert Eley, Andrew Staib","doi":"10.1111/1742-6723.70265","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1742-6723.70265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Pressure on emergency departments is increasing, perpetuating the phenomenon known as ramping or ambulance ramping, where patients are forced to wait on stretchers in corridors until they are allocated a suitable treatment space. This once temporary response to emergency department crowding has now become the norm for many emergency departments. The ramping environment impacts the patient experience well beyond the undesirability of extended waiting times. Nevertheless, there remains little research regarding how patients experience the ramping environment and what might make their wait more comfortable.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semi-structured interviews were performed with patients who had waited at least an hour on the ramp at two Australian emergency departments. An inductive thematic analysis was undertaken to explore the patient experience while ramped and aspects of the built environment and care that participants perceived could better support their health and waiting experience.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-six patients participated in the study. Four major themes and 13 subthemes were developed from the data. Participants described psychological distress, physical discomfort, an unsuitable built environment, and challenges to maintain physical health. They suggested modifications to the built environment and care received that may ameliorate some of their concerns.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ramping can create additional stresses to the patient experience. Making changes to the physical aspects of the built environment may be challenging in the short term; however, other aspects of the ramp were identified that could be considered to maximise patient-centred care.</p>","PeriodicalId":11604,"journal":{"name":"Emergency Medicine Australasia","volume":"38 3","pages":"e70265"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147947992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fifteen Years Since the Head Injury Retrieval Trial: What Have We Learned? 头部损伤检索试验15年来:我们学到了什么?
IF 1.4 4区 医学
Emergency Medicine Australasia Pub Date : 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.70296
Alan A Garner
{"title":"Fifteen Years Since the Head Injury Retrieval Trial: What Have We Learned?","authors":"Alan A Garner","doi":"10.1111/1742-6723.70296","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1742-6723.70296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is 15 years since the Head Injury Retrieval Trial recruited its last patient in Sydney, Australia. The trial remains the only randomised controlled trial of severely injured patients to directly compare an advanced clinical intervention team delivered by a helicopter emergency medical service to a paramedic ground response in the world medical literature. Issues with the conduct and confounding of the trial are reviewed, as well as the evolution of the Sydney prehospital trauma system in the 15 years since the trial concluded. The design of the Sydney prehospital trauma system remains suboptimal and non-evidence based.</p>","PeriodicalId":11604,"journal":{"name":"Emergency Medicine Australasia","volume":"38 3","pages":"e70296"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148204646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optimising Retraining Frequency for a Paediatric Emergency Department Admission Prediction Model: Development and Temporal Validation Using Real-World Data. 优化儿科急诊科入院预测模型的再培训频率:使用真实世界数据的开发和时间验证。
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Emergency Medicine Australasia Pub Date : 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.70271
Ethan Williams, Toshi Sinha, Mark Lyttle, Yogesan Kanagasingam
{"title":"Optimising Retraining Frequency for a Paediatric Emergency Department Admission Prediction Model: Development and Temporal Validation Using Real-World Data.","authors":"Ethan Williams, Toshi Sinha, Mark Lyttle, Yogesan Kanagasingam","doi":"10.1111/1742-6723.70271","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1742-6723.70271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyse temporal performance drift and optimal retraining frequency for an ensemble machine learning model to predict inpatient admission from paediatric emergency department (ED) triage data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilised 409,307 ED presentations from 1 July 2018 to 30 June 2024 at Perth Children's Hospital. An ensemble stacking model (XGBoost, TabNet, multi-layer perceptron and logistic regression base learners with a logistic regression meta-learner) incorporated structured triage features and tuned BioClinicalBERT-derived embeddings from free-text notes. The model ran prospectively through a 5-year rolling-window simulation, testing nine retraining cadences from weekly to triennial and a static model. Training, retraining and validation datasets were temporally separate and prior to the test set. Primary outcomes were discrimination via the area under the receiver operator characteristic (AUROC) and calibration as absolute mean daily bed error (AMDBE).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Weekly retraining achieved a mean AUROC of 0.843 (SD 0.016) and AMDBE of 2.57 (SD 1.79) over the 5-year simulation. Fortnightly and monthly cadences were non-inferior (AMDBE 2.61 and 2.73), whereas longer intervals showed progressive calibration degradation (p < 0.001) and stable AUROC. Concept drift was most pronounced in the static model, with a mean AMDBE of 10.6 in 2024 compared to 1.79 for the weekly model. Notably, monthly retraining required only 25% of the weekly computational burden with non-inferior performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Monthly, or more frequent, model retraining sustains discrimination and calibration for paediatric ED admission prediction. This effectively mitigated concept drift and enabled accurate simulated daily bed-demand forecasting, providing evidence to support the clinical testing of such modelling.</p>","PeriodicalId":11604,"journal":{"name":"Emergency Medicine Australasia","volume":"38 3","pages":"e70271"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13146150/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Impact of the Geriatric Emergency Department Initiative on Older Community Dwelling Adults Presenting to the Emergency Department With a Completed Delirium Screen. 老年急诊科倡议对老年社区居住的成年人在完成谵妄筛查后出现在急诊科的影响。
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Emergency Medicine Australasia Pub Date : 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.70266
Kendall Williams, Alison Craswell, Henry Tsao, Salih A Salih, Tania Quaglio, Andrea Taylor
{"title":"The Impact of the Geriatric Emergency Department Initiative on Older Community Dwelling Adults Presenting to the Emergency Department With a Completed Delirium Screen.","authors":"Kendall Williams, Alison Craswell, Henry Tsao, Salih A Salih, Tania Quaglio, Andrea Taylor","doi":"10.1111/1742-6723.70266","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1742-6723.70266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Australia's ageing population resulted in increasing Emergency Department (ED) presentations among older adults, particularly frail and those at risk of adverse outcomes. Delirium contributes significantly to morbidity in this cohort. The 4AT screening tool is routinely employed to identify risk. This study examined the impact of the Geriatric Emergency Department Initiative (GEDI) on clinical outcomes for older community dwelling adults presenting to ED with a completed 4AT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective, single-centre observational cohort study was conducted at an urban district ED. Patients ≥ 75 years, and First Nations peoples ≥ 55 years, with a completed 4AT presenting between January 1 and June 30, 2023 were included. Data were extracted and analysed using descriptive and comparative statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1756 patients, 918 (52%) received GEDI input. Overall, 1135 (65%) had a 4AT score of 0 (no cognitive impairment), 410 (23%) with 4AT of 1-3 (mild cognitive impairment), and 211 (12%) with 4AT score of ≥ 4 (probable delirium). Among patients with a 4AT of 0, GEDI involvement was associated with shorter ED lengths of stay, lower admission rates, and higher discharges home (all p < 0.001). Patients with 4AT scores 1-3, GEDI involvement lowered admission rates, increased discharges home, with no difference in ED length of stay. No significant differences were observed with 4AT scores ≥ 4 when compared to standard care.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>GEDI involvement reduced ED length of stay and admission rates among older adults without delirium or with mild cognitive impairment, but no significant impact was observed for patients with probable delirium.</p>","PeriodicalId":11604,"journal":{"name":"Emergency Medicine Australasia","volume":"38 3","pages":"e70266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147765832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Low-Value Blood Culture Use in Adult Emergency Department Patients: A Scoping Review. 低价值血培养在成人急诊科患者中的应用:一项范围综述。
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Emergency Medicine Australasia Pub Date : 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.70299
Amy Weber, Upeksha Galappaththie, Joseph V Moxon, Vinay Gangathimmaiah
{"title":"Low-Value Blood Culture Use in Adult Emergency Department Patients: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Amy Weber, Upeksha Galappaththie, Joseph V Moxon, Vinay Gangathimmaiah","doi":"10.1111/1742-6723.70299","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1742-6723.70299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Blood cultures (BCs) are used in emergency departments (EDs) to investigate and manage suspected sepsis; however, their inappropriate use contributes to low-value care, providing limited clinical benefit while causing avoidable harm. Despite recommendations for more selective testing, low-value blood culture (LVBC) use persists, and there remains uncertainty on the definition, drivers, and impact of LVBCs.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To map the existing literature on LVBCs in adult ED patients, including definitions of LVBCs, associated clinical contexts, contributing factors, consequences and related gaps in knowledge.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six databases were searched from inception to June 30, 2025. Studies involving adult populations and addressing LVBC use in EDs were included. Data were charted independently by two reviewers. Risk of bias was assessed using JBI critical appraisal tools.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1453 records screened, 18 studies were included in this scoping review. None defined LVBCs, although five themes characterising LVBCs emerged: limited impact on patient management, non-adherence to guidelines, failure to meet predictive tool thresholds, protocol-driven ordering, and BCs deemed unnecessary by clinicians. Reported prevalence of LVBCs ranged from 19% to 69%. The most referenced LVBC driver was pressure to comply with quality measures. Reported consequences of LVBCs included unnecessary treatment, investigation and prolonged stay due to false positive results. Patient-centred outcomes were rarely reported, and formal economic evaluations were lacking.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LVBCs are prevalent among adult ED patients yet inconsistently defined. Addressing the issue will require standardised criteria, interventions targeting root causes, and research focused on patient-centred and economic consequences to optimise BC ordering practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":11604,"journal":{"name":"Emergency Medicine Australasia","volume":"38 3","pages":"e70299"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13310798/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148344321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mental Health Assessments and Models of Care in the Emergency Department: A Narrative Review. 急诊科心理健康评估与护理模式:叙述性回顾
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Emergency Medicine Australasia Pub Date : 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.70268
Samantha E Russell, Darlene L Cole, Margaret M Clarke, Michael Mennen, Stavroula Rebis, Lucy Horgan, Krishna Vakil, Jenny Choi
{"title":"Mental Health Assessments and Models of Care in the Emergency Department: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Samantha E Russell, Darlene L Cole, Margaret M Clarke, Michael Mennen, Stavroula Rebis, Lucy Horgan, Krishna Vakil, Jenny Choi","doi":"10.1111/1742-6723.70268","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1742-6723.70268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emergency departments are seeing an increase in mental health presentations across the globe; however, there are no standard mental health assessment models of care currently being used in emergency departments. This narrative review aims to search the literature and report the mental health models of care used globally. This narrative review conducted a search of 4 medical databases, Medline Complete, CINAHL, Embase and PsychINFO; the research team screened titles and abstracts and reviewed the full text. Risk of bias and quality assessment was conducted by 2 independent researchers. A total of 2461 articles were identified for title and abstract screening; of these, 84 were reviewed in full text and subsequently, 79 articles were excluded, resulting in 5 articles to be included in this narrative review. Two articles assessed the Psychiatric Assessment and Planning Unit (PAPU) model and reported on reduced length of stay; a third article reported a similar model and improved length of stay. Two articles reported models on sub-sample cohorts of mental health: individuals experiencing suicide ideation and individuals experiencing alcohol and substance use issues. The results of this narrative review highlight the lack of literature concerning models of care and mental health assessment in emergency departments. Of the few articles reviewed, a successful model of care and/or assessment requires a dedicated physical space in the emergency department (such as a PAPU), including mental health short stay beds and dedicated mental health staff.</p>","PeriodicalId":11604,"journal":{"name":"Emergency Medicine Australasia","volume":"38 3","pages":"e70268"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13120889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147765754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cervical Spine Immobilisation Following Stab Wounds to the Neck Is Unnecessary. 颈部刺伤后颈椎固定是不必要的。
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Emergency Medicine Australasia Pub Date : 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.70288
Leon Kong, Victor Kong, Jonathan Ko, Howard Wain, Jim Wang, Jonah Qi, John Bruce, Grant Laing, Damian Clarke
{"title":"Cervical Spine Immobilisation Following Stab Wounds to the Neck Is Unnecessary.","authors":"Leon Kong, Victor Kong, Jonathan Ko, Howard Wain, Jim Wang, Jonah Qi, John Bruce, Grant Laing, Damian Clarke","doi":"10.1111/1742-6723.70288","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1742-6723.70288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study reviews our experience with penetrating neck injury (PNI) secondary to a stab wound (SW) to clarify the incidence of cervical spinal injury (CSI) and to interrogate the role of cervical spinal motion with cervical collar in these patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review of a prospectively captured data set was conducted at the Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Trauma Service in South Africa from December 2012 to December 2022. All patients who presented with a PNI due to a SW were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 1249 cases of PNI over the 10 year study period. 1028 were due to a SW and 90% were male. The mean age 30 years. The zonal distribution of the external wounds was were 329 (32%) in zone 1, 469 (46%) in zone 2, 164 (16%) zone 3 and 162 (16%) in the posterior triangle of the neck. In eighty two (8%) cases a CSI was sustained. In none of these cases was the CSI unstable. Twenty two (22) patients sustained a spinal cord injury and presented with a neurological deficit.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While there is a significant incidence of spinal cord injury after a cervical SW, there is a very low incidence of cervical spine instability requiring spinal fixation. The routine application of cervical collar following a SW to the neck is unnecessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":11604,"journal":{"name":"Emergency Medicine Australasia","volume":"38 3","pages":"e70288"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148263825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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