ELECTROPHORESIS最新文献

{"title":"A Novel Fully Automatic Free-Flow Isoelectric Focusing System and Its Application in the Large-Scale Isolation of Milk Exosomes","authors":"Yaoguo Wang,&nbsp;Shuai Qi,&nbsp;Qiang Zhang,&nbsp;Chengxi Cao,&nbsp;Xu Xu","doi":"10.1002/elps.70127","DOIUrl":"10.1002/elps.70127","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Free-flow electrophoresis is a core technology for biological particle separation, but traditional devices suffer from low automation, poor flow stability, and limited throughput, hindering industrial-scale applications. Herein, a novel fully automatic reciprocating free-flow isoelectric focusing (RFFIEF) system, a batch-type of automated closed-loop free-flow isoelectric focusing (FFIEF), was developed, integrating a 24-channel separation chamber, closed gas–liquid circulation drive, and intelligent control system to achieve unattended standardized operation. Standard protein verification showed excellent flow stability and pH gradient reproducibility (pooled standard deviation [SD] = 0.19 pH units excluding ampholyte-induced outliers). The system was applied to large-scale separation of milk exosomes, which were effectively focused at pH 5.0–7.5. Exosome subpopulations were fractionated by surface charge: CD81-positive subpopulations concentrated at pH 5.8–6.5, whereas CD63-positive subpopulations were highly enriched at pH 6.9. This system breaks through the automation bottleneck of conventional devices, providing an efficient platform for large-scale biological particle separation with broad industrial prospects.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11596,"journal":{"name":"ELECTROPHORESIS","volume":"47 9","pages":"894-907"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148419685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Board: Electrophoresis 8'26","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/elps.70156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/elps.70156","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11596,"journal":{"name":"ELECTROPHORESIS","volume":"47 9","pages":"809-812"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elps.70156","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycosylation Signatures of Thyroglobulin in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma","authors":"Ali Hayatu,&nbsp;Esra Nur Akyildiz,&nbsp;Betul Karabudak,&nbsp;Sena Aksoy,&nbsp;Harun Erol,&nbsp;Bekir Salih,&nbsp;Hacı Mehmet Kayili","doi":"10.1002/elps.70130","DOIUrl":"10.1002/elps.70130","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thyroglobulin (Tg) is a clinically established biomarker for thyroid cancer; however, its diagnostic specificity remains limited due to confounding benign conditions. This study investigated changes in the site-specific <i>N</i>-glycosylation profiles of thyroglobulin protein derived from papillary thyroid cancer and adjacent healthy tissues. Using a bottom-up mass spectrometry-based glycoproteomic approach, we analyzed site-specific glycan compositions in retrospective patient tissue samples. Nine distinct <i>N</i>-glycosylation sites were identified and quantified in this study. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in the site-specific glycosylation profiles. The glycan compositions HexNAc(3)Hex(5) and HexNAc(3)Hex(6) at the Asn1365 site exhibited a discriminatory potential. Dimensionality reduction and hierarchical clustering based on the top four glycopeptide variants showed observable grouping of tumor versus normal samples. Furthermore, supervised machine learning models were used to evaluate these features, with a neural network achieving the highest diagnostic performance (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.83). Feature importance analysis indicated that Asn1365-HexNAc(3)Hex(6) was the strongest contributor to the predictive power of the model. The observed alterations in specific glycan compositions, combined with machine learning evaluations, may offer improved diagnostic specificity and provide promising avenues for personalized thyroid cancer management.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11596,"journal":{"name":"ELECTROPHORESIS","volume":"47 9","pages":"908-918"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148419652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Position-Independent Particle Sizing in High-Precision Impedance Cytometry via Full-Waveform Feature Calibration","authors":"Junwei Li,&nbsp;Wenjie Yang,&nbsp;Tanbin Su,&nbsp;Shengran Pan,&nbsp;Hepeng Zhou,&nbsp;Jie Jayne Wu,&nbsp;Shanshan Li","doi":"10.1002/elps.70132","DOIUrl":"10.1002/elps.70132","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Accurate particle characterization is critical for biomedical research, yet electrical impedance flow cytometry suffers from measurement inaccuracies due to the positional heterogeneity of particles within microfluidic channels. In large-scale microchannels, off-axis particle trajectories lead to significant waveform distortion and the attenuation of key characteristic features, undermining measurement precision. To address this issue, this study presents a novel signal-processing framework centered on a full-waveform calibration factor (CF). The CF is theoretically grounded in the exponential decay of the electric field along the vertical axis of coplanar electrodes and is derived from comprehensive waveform features rather than localized extrema, ensuring robustness against the distortions prevalent in high-flow conditions. Coupled with a dedicated real-time algorithm, it corrects for vertical position-induced errors in particle sizing. The effectiveness of this method was validated through a combination of finite element simulation and experimental impedance measurement. The system's performance is demonstrated by accurately discriminating polystyrene microsphere populations (10 &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;μ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$umu{rm m}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, 15 &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;μ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$umu{rm m}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, and their mixture) and by resolving the size distributions of viable versus non-viable HEK-293T cells. Statistical analysis (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;N&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;≥&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;500&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$N ge 500$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; events per group, &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;&lt;&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;0.001&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$p &lt; 0.001$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;) confirms significant improvement in size-distribution accuracy after calibration. Furthermore, this study designs an inverted microfluidic chip enabling real-time, optical sensing of particle stream height within the impedance detection zone and supporting position-independent impedance cytometry applicable to continuous-flow particle streams. Experimental calibration achieves a strong linear correlation (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msup&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msup&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":11596,"journal":{"name":"ELECTROPHORESIS","volume":"47 9","pages":"866-880"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148577292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Phloroglucinol Derivatives as Neuraminidase Inhibitors Identified From Humulus lupulus L. Extract by At-Line Nanofractionation Platform","authors":"Zhixu Chen,&nbsp;Biao Sun,&nbsp;Hanlin Zeng,&nbsp;Xinyang Li,&nbsp;Erwin Adams,&nbsp;Xiaoqi Zhang,&nbsp;Zhengjin Jiang,&nbsp;Jincai Wang","doi":"10.1002/elps.70126","DOIUrl":"10.1002/elps.70126","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) are a crucial therapy for combatting the influenza virus. This study employed an at-line nanofractionation technique to precisely localized potential NAIs in the extract of <i>Humulus lupulus</i> L. Twelve potential compounds, mainly phloroglucinol derivatives, were screened and identified. Seven of these compounds were subsequently isolated, purified, and structurally elucidated by NMR. Among them, Compound <b>5</b> showed remarkable inhibitory activity against both neuraminidase (NA, IC₅₀ = 0.8 µM) and the H3N2 influenza virus (EC₅₀ = 3.8 µM), confirming its potential as a lead compound for anti-influenza development. Compounds <b>4</b> and <b>8</b>, identified as hitherto uncharacterized phloroglucinol derivatives, also demonstrated significant inhibition against NA and the H3N2 influenza virus. Molecular docking revealed that Compounds <b>4</b> and <b>5</b> exhibited superior binding affinities compared to oseltamivir, with <b>4</b> forming critical hydrogen bonds with acidic residues (Glu119, Glu227, and Asp151) in the “150-cavity,” which significantly enhances its inhibitory potency against NAs.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":11596,"journal":{"name":"ELECTROPHORESIS","volume":"47 9","pages":"840-852"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148301401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Microfluidic System for Particle Enrichment by Integrating an Acoustic Field With Oscillatory Flow.","authors":"Jing-Tong Na, Yan-Ran Wang, Jia-Ming Zhao, Shan-Shan Li, Yong-Jiang Li, Jun Yu, Kai-Rong Qin, Shu-Xin Liu, Chun-Dong Xue","doi":"10.1002/elps.70158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/elps.70158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The enrichment of biological particles has important applications in biomedical detection, environmental monitoring, and chemical analysis. Although various external fields applied individually or in combination have been widely employed to achieve particle enrichment, balancing high enrichment efficiency with the preservation of biological activity remained a critical bottleneck. In this study, a novel microfluidic particle enrichment strategy was developed by integrating an acoustic field with oscillatory flow. An integrated microfluidic system was constructed, consisting of an acoustic actuation module, an oscillatory flow generation module, and a real-time observation region on a single chip, coupled with a miniaturized external programmable power supply. Comprehensive experiments were conducted to explore the influences of acoustic intensity and frequency, as well as key oscillatory flow parameters, on particle enrichment behavior. The results demonstrated that increasing the acoustic driving voltage enhanced the enrichment effect, while frequency tuning allowed control over the enrichment position. For oscillatory flow, enrichment efficiency exhibited a positive correlation with the driving frequency, whereas the voltage amplitude showed no significant influence. These findings deepened the understanding of particle enrichment mechanisms under coupled acoustofluidic fields and offered important theoretical guidance for the development of prototypes with relatively low hardware costs, showing potential for further miniaturization and portable operation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11596,"journal":{"name":"ELECTROPHORESIS","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148955102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Ion Steric and Ion Partitioning Effects on the Electrophoresis of Soft Particles in Power-Law Fluid.","authors":"Komal Singh, Naren Bag, Partha P Gopmandal","doi":"10.1002/elps.70153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/elps.70153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The electrophoretic behavior of soft particles suspended in a power-law electrolyte medium is investigated by accounting for the combined effects of ion steric interactions and ion partitioning. The former effect arises from the finite size of the electrolyte ions, and its impact plays a significant role in the particle motion. On the other hand, the latter effect arises due to a contrast in dielectric permittivity of the polyelectrolyte layer (PEL) and the surrounding electrolyte. Note that both these effects significantly modify the distribution of mobile ions within the PEL and consequently modify the electrostatic potential and thus the electrophoretic velocity of the particle. A flat-plate formalism, valid when the particle size well exceeds the thickness of the electric double layer (EDL), is employed to develop the mathematical model. The electrostatic potential is governed by the modified Poisson-Boltzmann equation incorporating the Carnahan-Starling equation of state to represent ion steric effects. The electrohydrodynamics is described by the Darcy-Brinkman equation within the PEL and the Cauchy momentum equation in the electrolyte region, together with an appropriate constitutive relation for power-law fluids. The electrophoretic velocity of the soft particle is deduced herein through a generalized framework that accommodates arbitrary charge density of the PEL as well as a broad range of other model parameters. Furthermore, the analytical expressions for electrophoretic velocity are derived by incorporating the ion partitioning effect while neglecting steric interactions for both weak and arbitrary electrostatic potentials. The computed numerical results are further validated with the analytical results deduced in this work as well as available experimental results in the literature. The impact of pertinent parameters on the electrostatic potential as well as the electrophoretic velocity of the particle is further illustrated. The findings of this study provide a more precise framework for calculating the intrinsic parameters that govern soft particle electrophoresis within power-law microenvironments.</p>","PeriodicalId":11596,"journal":{"name":"ELECTROPHORESIS","volume":" ","pages":"e70153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148955123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroosmotic-Peristaltic Propulsion of Ionic Jeffrey Fluid in Hall-Current-Modulated Magnetised Ciliated Porous Microchannel With Joule Heating and Soret-Dufour Cross-Diffusion.","authors":"S Ravikumar","doi":"10.1002/elps.70152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/elps.70152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study develops an analytical model for peristaltic-electroosmotic transport of an ionic Jeffrey fluid in a magnetised ciliated microchannel. Employing the Poisson-Boltzmann description with Debye-Hückel linearisation for electric potential distribution and adopting the long-wavelength, low Reynolds number approximations, the governing momentum, thermal energy and species concentration equations are reduced to analytically tractable forms. Closed-form expressions are obtained for velocity, temperature, concentration, pressure rise and wall shear stress. Parametric investigations reveal that elevated Hartmann number suppress fluid motion through enhanced Lorentz force resistance, whereas increasing Hall current and electroosmotic parameters accelerate ionic liquid transport by counteracting electromagnetic damping. The Darcy number exhibits a regime-dependent influence on pressure development across retrograde, augmented and free-pumping zones. Thermal analysis reveals that Joule heating and elevated Prandtl numbers amplify temperature fields, whereas thermal radiation and increased Biot numbers facilitate effective cooling by improving boundary heat dissipation. Ciliary geometric parameters, such as length and eccentricity, demonstrate non-linear interactions with electrokinetic forces, which significantly influence momentum, heat and mass transport characteristics. The results provide theoretical insight that may be useful for future studies of biomedical microfluidic transport and related design-oriented applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11596,"journal":{"name":"ELECTROPHORESIS","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148918659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The \"Lock-and-Key\" Advantage: Molecularly Imprinted Polymers in Modern Electrophoresis in Drug Assay.","authors":"Suniya Shahzad, Emir Alper Türkoğlu, Ahmet Cetinkaya, Sibel A Ozkan","doi":"10.1002/elps.70147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/elps.70147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have gained increasing attention as synthetic recognition materials that mimic biological binding sites while offering greater stability and lower cost. In recent years, their combination with electrophoretic techniques has opened new possibilities for improving selectivity and sensitivity in drug analysis. This review summarizes the fundamental concepts behind MIP formation, including template-monomer interactions, imprinting strategies, and common polymerization approaches such as bulk, surface, and nano-imprinting. The integration of MIPs with capillary electrophoresis (CE), capillary electrochromatography, and microfluidic platforms is critically discussed, with particular emphasis on how these hybrid systems enhance separation performance and analytical reliability. Their applications are highlighted across pharmaceutical quality control, clinical drug monitoring, forensic toxicology, and environmental residue detection. Recent progress in nanostructured MIPs and lab-on-a-chip systems is also covered, showing improved binding kinetics and potential for miniaturized analysis. Despite these advances, challenges such as template leakage, reproducibility issues, and matrix effects still limit wider adoption. Overall, this review emphasizes the growing role of MIP-electrophoresis platforms as promising tools for next-generation drug analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11596,"journal":{"name":"ELECTROPHORESIS","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications of Dynamic Online Sample Preconcentration Techniques in Chiral Capillary Electrophoresis.","authors":"Fumihiko Kitagawa, Koji Otsuka","doi":"10.1002/elps.70151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/elps.70151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review highlights applications of online sample preconcentration techniques in capillary electrophoresis (CE) analyses of enantiomers from 1995 to 2025. Various preconcentration techniques based on the analyte velocity change in two or three discontinuous solution system, including field-amplified sample stacking, sweeping, transient isotachophoresis, pH-mediated stacking, and their modified and combined techniques, have been employed to enrich and separate optical isomers in CE. More than 50 published research articles retrieved from Google Scholar databases from the years 1995 to 2025 described the application of dynamic online sample preconcentration techniques to chiral CE analyses. This review provides comprehensive tables listing the applications of the online sample preconcentration techniques in chiral CE.</p>","PeriodicalId":11596,"journal":{"name":"ELECTROPHORESIS","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}