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Adaptive Design for Phase II/III Platform Trial of Lassa Fever Therapeutics 拉沙热疗法II/III期平台试验的适应性设计
IF 11.8 2区 医学
Emerging Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.3201/eid3102.240251
Josephine Bourner, Michel Vaillant, Alex Paddy Abdel Salam, Marie Jaspard, Camille Fritzell, Shevin T. Jacob, Tom E. Fletcher, Michael Ramharter, Nnennaya Ajayi, Sylvanus Okogbenin, Cyril Erameh, Donald Grant, Robert Samuels, Oladele Oluwafemi Ayodeji, Armand Sprecher, Bronner P. Gonçalves, Tansy Edwards, Piero Olliaro
{"title":"Adaptive Design for Phase II/III Platform Trial of Lassa Fever Therapeutics","authors":"Josephine Bourner, Michel Vaillant, Alex Paddy Abdel Salam, Marie Jaspard, Camille Fritzell, Shevin T. Jacob, Tom E. Fletcher, Michael Ramharter, Nnennaya Ajayi, Sylvanus Okogbenin, Cyril Erameh, Donald Grant, Robert Samuels, Oladele Oluwafemi Ayodeji, Armand Sprecher, Bronner P. Gonçalves, Tansy Edwards, Piero Olliaro","doi":"10.3201/eid3102.240251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3102.240251","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The current recommendation for treating Lassa fever with ribavirin is supported only by weak evidence. Given the persistent effects in areas with endemic transmission and epidemic potential, there is an urgent need to reassess ribavirin and investigate other potential therapeutic candidates; however, a robust clinical trial method adapted to Lassa fever epidemiology has not yet been established. We propose an adaptive phase II/III multicenter randomized controlled platform trial that uses a superiority framework with an equal allocation ratio and accounts for challenges selecting the primary end point and estimating the target sample size by using an interim analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142991871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Global Epidemiology of Outbreaks of Unknown Cause Identified by Open-Source Intelligence, 2020–2022 开源智能识别未知原因爆发的全球流行病学，2020-2022
IF 11.8 2区 医学
Emerging Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.3201/eid3102.240533
Damian Honeyman, Deepti Gurdasani, Adriana Notaras, Zubair Akhtar, Jared Edgeworth, Aye Moa, Abrar Ahmad Chughtai, Ashley Quigley, Samsung Lim, Chandini Raina MacIntyre
{"title":"Global Epidemiology of Outbreaks of Unknown Cause Identified by Open-Source Intelligence, 2020–2022","authors":"Damian Honeyman, Deepti Gurdasani, Adriana Notaras, Zubair Akhtar, Jared Edgeworth, Aye Moa, Abrar Ahmad Chughtai, Ashley Quigley, Samsung Lim, Chandini Raina MacIntyre","doi":"10.3201/eid3102.240533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3102.240533","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Epidemic surveillance using traditional approaches is dependent on case ascertainment and is delayed. Open-source intelligence (OSINT)–based syndromic surveillance can overcome limitations of delayed surveillance and poor case ascertainment, providing early warnings to guide outbreak response. It can identify outbreaks of unknown cause for which no other global surveillance exists. Using the artificial intelligence–based OSINT early warning system EPIWATCH, we describe the global epidemiology of 310 outbreaks of unknown cause that occurred December 31, 2019–January 1, 2023. The outbreaks were associated with 75,968 reported human cases and 4,235 deaths. We identified where OSINT signaled outbreaks earlier than official sources and before diagnoses were made. We identified possible signals of known disease outbreaks with poor case ascertainment. A cause was subsequently reported for only 14% of outbreaks analyzed; the percentage was substantially lower in lower/upper-middle–income economies than high-income economies, highlighting the utility of OSINT-based syndromic surveillance for early warnings, particularly in resource-poor settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142992173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Arbovirus Epidemics as Global Health Imperative, Africa, 2023 虫媒病毒流行病是全球卫生的当务之急，非洲，2023
IF 11.8 2区 医学
Emerging Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.3201/eid3102.240754
Salifou T. Bangoura, Alpha-Kabinet Keita, Maladho Diaby, Sidikiba Sidibé, Frederic Le-Marcis, Saidouba C. Camara, Stéphanie Maltais, Kadio J.J.O. Kadio, Eric D’Ortenzio, Alioune Camara, Eric Delaporte, Alexandre Delamou, Philippe Vanhems, Michèle Ottmann, Nagham Khanafer, Abdoulaye Touré
{"title":"Arbovirus Epidemics as Global Health Imperative, Africa, 2023","authors":"Salifou T. Bangoura, Alpha-Kabinet Keita, Maladho Diaby, Sidikiba Sidibé, Frederic Le-Marcis, Saidouba C. Camara, Stéphanie Maltais, Kadio J.J.O. Kadio, Eric D’Ortenzio, Alioune Camara, Eric Delaporte, Alexandre Delamou, Philippe Vanhems, Michèle Ottmann, Nagham Khanafer, Abdoulaye Touré","doi":"10.3201/eid3102.240754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3102.240754","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Arboviruses represent a major cause of illness in Africa and have the potential to trigger widespread epidemics. We present data on arbovirus epidemics in Africa in 2023 and demonstrate the need for global public health authorities to intensify efforts in the surveillance and control of arbovirus diseases. Data were collected from the World Health Organization Weekly Bulletin on Outbreaks and Other Emergencies, Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Weekly Event Based Surveillance Report, and other online sources. In 2023, a total of 7 arboviruses were responsible for 29 outbreaks across 25 countries in Africa, 22 of which occurred in West Africa; the outbreaks resulted in 19,569 confirmed cases and 820 deaths. Arbovirus epidemics in Africa pose a threat not only to public health within the continent but also globally, underscoring the urgent need for substantial investment in arbovirus surveillance, research, and preparedness capacities in Africa to prevent and respond to health crises effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142992171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lack of Competence of US Mosquito Species for Circulating Oropouche Virus 美国蚊子缺乏传播口腔病毒的能力
IF 11.8 2区 医学
Emerging Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.3201/eid3103.241886
Anne F. Payne, Jessica Stout, Peter Dumoulin, Timothy Locksmith, Lea A. Heberlein, Molly Mitchell, Arnold Rodriguez-Hilario, Alan P. Dupuis, Alexander T. Ciota
{"title":"Lack of Competence of US Mosquito Species for Circulating Oropouche Virus","authors":"Anne F. Payne, Jessica Stout, Peter Dumoulin, Timothy Locksmith, Lea A. Heberlein, Molly Mitchell, Arnold Rodriguez-Hilario, Alan P. Dupuis, Alexander T. Ciota","doi":"10.3201/eid3103.241886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3103.241886","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Given recent outbreaks of Oropouche virus in Latin America and &gt;100 confirmed travel-associated cases in the United States, we evaluated the competence of US vectors, including <em>Aedes albopictus</em>, <em>Culex quinquefasciatus</em>, <em>Culex pipiens</em>, and <em>Anopheles quadrimaculatus</em> mosquitoes. Results with historic and recent isolates suggest transmission potential for those species is low.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142992170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Infection in Nonhuman Primate, Guatemala, 2023 非人类灵长类动物中的委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒感染，危地马拉，2023年
IF 11.8 2区 医学
Emerging Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.3201/eid3102.241484
Wendy K. Jo, Marta Piche-Ovares, Lincoln Carranza, Carlo Fischer, Sebastian Brünink, Laura Paul, Alejandro Morales, Fernando Martinez, Jan Felix Drexler
{"title":"Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Infection in Nonhuman Primate, Guatemala, 2023","authors":"Wendy K. Jo, Marta Piche-Ovares, Lincoln Carranza, Carlo Fischer, Sebastian Brünink, Laura Paul, Alejandro Morales, Fernando Martinez, Jan Felix Drexler","doi":"10.3201/eid3102.241484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3102.241484","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We isolated Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) subtype IE phylogenetically related to Gulf Coast strains in a spider monkey (<em>Ateles geoffroyi</em>) released from a rescue center in Guatemala. Serologic testing of 118 monkeys indicated no additional VEEV infections. Infection of a primate warrants intensified surveillance of VEEV transmission cycles in North America.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142988618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Detection of Chronic Wasting Disease Prions in Raw, Processed, and Cooked Elk Meat, Texas, USA 美国德克萨斯州麋鹿肉生、加工和煮熟中慢性消耗性疾病朊病毒的检测
IF 11.8 2区 医学
Emerging Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.3201/eid3102.240906
Rebeca Benavente, Fraser Brydon, Francisca Bravo-Risi, Paulina Soto, J. Hunter Reed, Mitch Lockwood, Glenn Telling, Marcelo A. Barria, Rodrigo Morales
{"title":"Detection of Chronic Wasting Disease Prions in Raw, Processed, and Cooked Elk Meat, Texas, USA","authors":"Rebeca Benavente, Fraser Brydon, Francisca Bravo-Risi, Paulina Soto, J. Hunter Reed, Mitch Lockwood, Glenn Telling, Marcelo A. Barria, Rodrigo Morales","doi":"10.3201/eid3102.240906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3102.240906","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We describe chronic wasting disease (CWD) prion detection in raw and cooked meat from a CWD-positive elk. We found limited zoonotic potential in CWD prions from those meat products. Nonetheless, risk for transmission to humans is still unclear, and monitoring of circulating and emerging CWD prion strains for zoonotic potential is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142988673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Eastern Africa Origin of SAT2 Topotype XIV Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Outbreaks, Western Asia, 2023 东非SAT2型十四型口蹄疫病毒暴发的起源，西亚，2023
IF 11.8 2区 医学
Emerging Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.3201/eid3102.240395
Antonello Di Nardo, Andrew E. Shaw, Mathilde Gondard, Jemma Wadsworth, Guillaume Girault, Krupali Parekh, Anna Ludi, Valerie Mioulet, Cindy Bernelin-Cottet, Hayley M. Hicks, Noemi Polo, Abdulnaci Bulut, Unal Parlak, Daniel Gizaw, Mustafa Ababneh, Maisa Al Ameer, Layth M.S. Abdulrasool, Fajur S. Al Saloom, Wafa A. Al-Rawahi, Nick J. Knowles, Labib Bakkali-Kassimi, Donald P. King
{"title":"Eastern Africa Origin of SAT2 Topotype XIV Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Outbreaks, Western Asia, 2023","authors":"Antonello Di Nardo, Andrew E. Shaw, Mathilde Gondard, Jemma Wadsworth, Guillaume Girault, Krupali Parekh, Anna Ludi, Valerie Mioulet, Cindy Bernelin-Cottet, Hayley M. Hicks, Noemi Polo, Abdulnaci Bulut, Unal Parlak, Daniel Gizaw, Mustafa Ababneh, Maisa Al Ameer, Layth M.S. Abdulrasool, Fajur S. Al Saloom, Wafa A. Al-Rawahi, Nick J. Knowles, Labib Bakkali-Kassimi, Donald P. King","doi":"10.3201/eid3102.240395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3102.240395","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We describe detection of SAT2 topotype XIV foot-and-mouth disease viruses in western Asia during 2022–2023. Sequences show the viruses originated in eastern Africa and were introduced into western Asia on &gt;1 occasion. The rapid spread in naive animals highlights risks for onward transmission and potential endemicity in Asia.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142988924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ixodes scapularis Tick Parasitizing Dog in Dawson County, Montana, USA, 2023 2023年美国蒙大拿州道森县犬身上的肩胛骨蜱
IF 11.8 2区 医学
Emerging Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.3201/eid3102.241308
Philip E. Stewart, Justin B. Lack, Marni Rolston, Kimmo Virtaneva, Paul A. Beare, Craig M. Martens, Marshall E. Bloom, Tom G. Schwan
{"title":"Ixodes scapularis Tick Parasitizing Dog in Dawson County, Montana, USA, 2023","authors":"Philip E. Stewart, Justin B. Lack, Marni Rolston, Kimmo Virtaneva, Paul A. Beare, Craig M. Martens, Marshall E. Bloom, Tom G. Schwan","doi":"10.3201/eid3102.241308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3102.241308","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In October 2023, a partially engorged female <em>Ixodes</em> tick was removed from a dog in Bozeman, Montana, USA, that had recently spent time in eastern Montana. The tick was identified as <em>I. scapularis</em> according to morphologic characteristics and genomic sequencing, suggesting an expanded geographic distribution requiring continued public health surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142988865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Burkholderia pseudomallei Sequence Type 46 Transmission from Asia to Australia 伪马利氏伯克霍尔德菌序列46型从亚洲到澳大利亚的传播
IF 11.8 2区 医学
Emerging Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.3201/eid3102.241385
Ella M. Meumann, Mirjam Kaestli, Jessica R. Webb, Vanessa Rigas, Celeste Woerle, Mark Mayo, Bart J. Currie
{"title":"Burkholderia pseudomallei Sequence Type 46 Transmission from Asia to Australia","authors":"Ella M. Meumann, Mirjam Kaestli, Jessica R. Webb, Vanessa Rigas, Celeste Woerle, Mark Mayo, Bart J. Currie","doi":"10.3201/eid3102.241385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3102.241385","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Melioidosis is caused by the environmental pathogen <em>Burkholderia pseudomallei</em>. Among 1,331 patients with melioidosis during 1989–2023 in the Darwin Prospective Melioidosis Study in Australia, we identified 6 locally acquired cases caused by <em>B. pseudomallei</em> sequence type 46. Because of global transmission and expansion of endemicity, clinicians should increase awareness of melioidosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142988617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
2000 Years of Pandemics: Past, Present, and Future 2000年的流行病：过去、现在和未来
IF 11.8 2区 医学
Emerging Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.3201/eid3102.240798
Nkuchia M. M’ikanatha, Keith Hamilton
{"title":"2000 Years of Pandemics: Past, Present, and Future","authors":"Nkuchia M. M’ikanatha, Keith Hamilton","doi":"10.3201/eid3102.240798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3102.240798","url":null,"abstract":"Books and Media","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142988923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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