Kauser Jabeen,Joveria Farooqi,Lacy M Simons,Judd F Hultquist,Ramon Lorenzo-Redondo,Charlesnika T Evans,Erica M Hartmann,Mohammad Hanif,Zahra Hasan,Syed Faisal Mahmood,Javaria Ashraf,Hassan Ghayas,Sadaf Zaka,Noureen Saeed,Sayed Ali Raza Shah Bukhari,Mehreen Arshad,Larry K Kociolek,Sameer J Patel,Rumina Hasan,Egon A Ozer
{"title":"Scheffersomyces spartinae Fungemia among Pediatric Patients, Pakistan, 2020-2024.","authors":"Kauser Jabeen,Joveria Farooqi,Lacy M Simons,Judd F Hultquist,Ramon Lorenzo-Redondo,Charlesnika T Evans,Erica M Hartmann,Mohammad Hanif,Zahra Hasan,Syed Faisal Mahmood,Javaria Ashraf,Hassan Ghayas,Sadaf Zaka,Noureen Saeed,Sayed Ali Raza Shah Bukhari,Mehreen Arshad,Larry K Kociolek,Sameer J Patel,Rumina Hasan,Egon A Ozer","doi":"10.3201/eid3108.241604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3108.241604","url":null,"abstract":"Prevalence of emerging fungal infections is increasing, particularly among immunocompromised persons, children, and older persons. We report 108 cases of Scheffersomyces spartinae infection in pediatric patients from Karachi and other cities in Pakistan, of which 107 were identified from blood cultures. Cultures were initially misidentified as Clavispora lusitaniae by a biochemical assay before speciation as S. spartinae by whole-genome sequencing. All isolates were from children <12 years of age, and >69% were from children <1 month of age. Isolates were genetically distinct across regions of Pakistan; however, genetic diversity was low in isolates from patients in Karachi and nearby Nawabshah and had median differences of just 9 pairwise nucleotide variants. This study demonstrates S. spartinae is a potentially emerging pathogen in neonates and young infants in Pakistan. The findings highlight the limitations of phenotypic identification for detecting emerging fungal infections and underscore the value of molecular identification approaches.","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"105 1","pages":"1550-1560"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144693358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Panayampalli S Satheshkumar,Crystal M Gigante,Placide Mbala-Kingebeni,Yoshinori Nakazawa,Mark Anderson,Stephen Balinandi,Sophia Mulei,James Fuller,Jennifer H McQuiston,Andrea M McCollum,Christina L Hutson
{"title":"Emergence of Clade Ib Monkeypox Virus-Current State of Evidence.","authors":"Panayampalli S Satheshkumar,Crystal M Gigante,Placide Mbala-Kingebeni,Yoshinori Nakazawa,Mark Anderson,Stephen Balinandi,Sophia Mulei,James Fuller,Jennifer H McQuiston,Andrea M McCollum,Christina L Hutson","doi":"10.3201/eid3108.241551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3108.241551","url":null,"abstract":"Mpox was first identified against the backdrop of the smallpox eradication campaign. Monkeypox virus (MPXV), the causative agent of mpox, has been maintained in animal reservoirs in the forested regions of West and Central Africa as 2 distinct clades; clade I has historically caused more severe infection in Central Africa than clade II, historically found in West Africa. However, rapid reemergence and spread of both MPXV clades through novel routes of transmission have challenged the known characteristics of mpox. We summarize mpox demographic distribution, clinical severity, and case-fatality rates attributed to genetically distinct MPXV subclades and focus on MPXV clade Ib, the more recently identified subclade. Broad worldwide assistance will be necessary to halt the spread of both MPXV clades within mpox endemic and nonendemic regions to prevent future outbreaks.","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"5 1","pages":"1516-1525"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144693359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Uh Jin Kim, Hae Seong Jeong, Keon Kim, Ahrang Lee, Minji Kim, Sarah Kim, Sung Un Shin, Seung-Ji Kang, Sook In Jung, Hyungjun Kwak, Woong-bin Ro, Choon-Mee Kim, Dong-Min Kim, Kyung-Hwa Park
{"title":"Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Acquired through Dog Bite, South Korea","authors":"Uh Jin Kim, Hae Seong Jeong, Keon Kim, Ahrang Lee, Minji Kim, Sarah Kim, Sung Un Shin, Seung-Ji Kang, Sook In Jung, Hyungjun Kwak, Woong-bin Ro, Choon-Mee Kim, Dong-Min Kim, Kyung-Hwa Park","doi":"10.3201/eid3108.250090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3108.250090","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A veterinary technician in South Korea contracted severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus from a dog bite. Molecular evidence, including PCR sequencing, supports dog-to-human transmission. The case underscores the zoonotic risks posed by companion animals and highlights the importance of preventive measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"267 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimal Timing for Expanding Diagnostic Laboratories, South Korea","authors":"Jae-Sun Park, Gab Jung Kim, Sang Won Lee","doi":"10.3201/eid3108.241745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3108.241745","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rapid expansion of testing capacity is imperative for an adequate response to infectious diseases, such as COVID-19. South Korea rapidly secured large-scale testing during the early stages of COVID-19 in 2020 by leveraging the country’s experience with the 2015 Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreak; the initial response was relatively successful. A key difference between the 2 outbreak responses was the expansion from public to private testing laboratories during the COVID-19 pandemic. Expanding testing capacity during an infectious disease crisis should involve consideration of the overall response system and social conditions and not just the number of patients. If there are concerns about a crisis developing, testing capacity expansion should begin as soon as possible. Furthermore, accuracy should be ensured, especially when testing capacity is expanded. South Korea’s experience in developing diagnostic systems and adopting testing strategies underscores the value of proactive and well-timed preparedness for emerging infection disease outbreaks. </p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144652291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Masato Hatta, Gloria P. Larson, Yasuko Hatta, Wei Wang, Nannan Jiang, Yu-Jin Jung, Li Wang, Xiaoyu Fan, Brenda M. Calderon, Gaston Bonenfant, Xudong Lin, Chenchen Feng, Dan Cui, Ginger Atteberry, Michael Currier, John Steel, David E. Wentworth, Bin Zhou
{"title":"ACE2 Receptor Usage across Animal Species by SARS-CoV-2 Variants","authors":"Masato Hatta, Gloria P. Larson, Yasuko Hatta, Wei Wang, Nannan Jiang, Yu-Jin Jung, Li Wang, Xiaoyu Fan, Brenda M. Calderon, Gaston Bonenfant, Xudong Lin, Chenchen Feng, Dan Cui, Ginger Atteberry, Michael Currier, John Steel, David E. Wentworth, Bin Zhou","doi":"10.3201/eid3108.241844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3108.241844","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We analyzed the receptor-binding activity and infectivity of 6 representative SARS-CoV-2 lineages in cell lines expressing angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 proteins from 54 different animal species. All viruses demonstrated infectivity in a broad range of species. Susceptible animal species could serve as natural reservoirs or intermediate hosts for SARS-CoV-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144652140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Najeeha T. Iqbal, Kaitlin Sawatzki, Kumail Ahmed, Jennifer Tisoncik-Go, Elise Smith, Kathleen Voss, John Cornelius, Lu Wang, Alicen B. Spaulding, Leonid Serebryannyy, Daniel C. Douek, Muhammad Asif Syed, Syed Faisal Mahmood, Erum Khan, Wesley C. Van Voorhis, Michael Gale
{"title":"Identification of Co-Circulating Dengue and South America–Origin Zika Viruses, Pakistan, 2021–2022","authors":"Najeeha T. Iqbal, Kaitlin Sawatzki, Kumail Ahmed, Jennifer Tisoncik-Go, Elise Smith, Kathleen Voss, John Cornelius, Lu Wang, Alicen B. Spaulding, Leonid Serebryannyy, Daniel C. Douek, Muhammad Asif Syed, Syed Faisal Mahmood, Erum Khan, Wesley C. Van Voorhis, Michael Gale","doi":"10.3201/eid3108.250342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3108.250342","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We collected samples from febrile patients in Karachi, Pakistan, in 2021–2022. Sequencing, molecular, and serologic screens revealed dengue serotype 2 and Zika virus. The Zika lineage was inferred to be from Brazil in 2016, indicating unobserved circulation. We conclude that Zika virus contributes to perceived dengue outbreak burden in Pakistan.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"663 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144652290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mingshuai Shen, Xinkun Zhao, Jian Zhang, Cun Liu, Chengyi Qi, Ruohan Wang, Jieshi Yu, Kezhou Wang, Zhao Wang
{"title":"Influenza D Virus in Domestic and Stray Cats, Northern China, 2024","authors":"Mingshuai Shen, Xinkun Zhao, Jian Zhang, Cun Liu, Chengyi Qi, Ruohan Wang, Jieshi Yu, Kezhou Wang, Zhao Wang","doi":"10.3201/eid3108.250042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3108.250042","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Influenza D virus infects primarily cattle, but infrequent reports of infections in cats occur. We detected influenza D virus antibodies in 8 of 360 cats in northern China. Domestic cats showed higher susceptibility than strays. Our results suggest a previously overlooked aspect of epidemiology of this virus in companion animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144652289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Grete Wilson-Henjum, J. Jeffrey Root, Alex Worgo, Jeffrey Chandler, Robin Dyer, Jeff Flores, Jesse Morris, Ian Plummer, John Paul Seman, Kyle Van Why, Caleb Wellman, H. Bryant White, John Wilt, Diego Diel, Jon Heale, David L. Bergman, Josh Hewitt, Derek Collins, Ryan S. Miller, Steven Rekant, Kim M. Pepin
{"title":"Community-Scale Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A Viruses in Wild Mammals, United States, 2022–2023","authors":"Grete Wilson-Henjum, J. Jeffrey Root, Alex Worgo, Jeffrey Chandler, Robin Dyer, Jeff Flores, Jesse Morris, Ian Plummer, John Paul Seman, Kyle Van Why, Caleb Wellman, H. Bryant White, John Wilt, Diego Diel, Jon Heale, David L. Bergman, Josh Hewitt, Derek Collins, Ryan S. Miller, Steven Rekant, Kim M. Pepin","doi":"10.3201/eid3108.241671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3108.241671","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sampling of mammal communities across the United States during 2022–2023 detected evidence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in 3 new species and 2 previously described species and evidence of influenza A antibodies in 2 previously described species. Our analysis provides surveillance and sampling guidance for detection of rare exposure events.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144645271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Catherine G. Sutcliffe, Ryan Close, Laura B. Brown, Dennie Parker, Jayshree Patel, Eugene Romancito, Robert Weatherholtz, James McAuley, Laura L. Hammitt
{"title":"Group A Streptococcus among American Indian Persons, White Mountain Apache Tribal Lands, United States, 2016–2019","authors":"Catherine G. Sutcliffe, Ryan Close, Laura B. Brown, Dennie Parker, Jayshree Patel, Eugene Romancito, Robert Weatherholtz, James McAuley, Laura L. Hammitt","doi":"10.3201/eid3108.240765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3108.240765","url":null,"abstract":"<p>American Indian populations have higher rates of invasive disease because of group A <em>Streptococcus</em> (GAS). This study describes the rates of severe and invasive GAS (siGAS) infections and the distribution of circulating <em>emm</em> types among nonsevere and siGAS cases in the White Mountain Apache Tribal lands in Arizona, USA, during 2016–2019. Isolates underwent whole-genome sequencing to determine <em>emm</em> type. Among siGAS cases, 36% of patients were female, the median age was 40.7 years, and 47.2% of patients were co-infected with <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. The age-standardized incidence rate during 2018–2019 was 554.2/100,000 persons. Among the pharyngitis isolates from 2017–2018, the most common <em>emm</em> types were 82 (36.3%), 6 (22.2%), and 60 (16.3%). Among the siGAS cases in 2017–2019, the most common <em>emm</em> type was 82 (65.5%) in the first year and 91 (36.2%) in the second year. Interventions are needed to address the high rates of GAS disease in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":11595,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144645684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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